Editing Joseph Vinoy

{{Short description|French general (1803–1880)}}
{{Infobox military person
| name          = Joseph Vinoy
| image         = Crimean War 1854-56 Q71111.jpg
| image_size    = 
| caption       = Joseph Vinoy
| nickname      = 
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|1803|08|10|df=y}}
| birth_place   = [[Saint-Étienne-de-Saint-Geoirs]], [[First French Empire|France]]
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1880|04|27|1803|08|10|df=y}}
| death_place   = [[Paris]], France
| placeofburial = 
| allegiance    = {{flag|Bourbon Restoration}}<br />{{flagicon|France}} [[July Monarchy]]<br />{{flag|French Second Republic}}<br />{{flag|Second French Empire}}
| branch        = [[French Army]]
| serviceyears  = 1823–?
| rank          = [[Divisional General|Général de Division]]
| unit          = 
| commands      = 
| battles       = [[French conquest of Algeria|Conquest of Algeria]]<br />[[Crimean War]]<br />[[Franco-Prussian War]]
| awards        = [[Legion of Honour]] (Grand Chanceliers)
| relations     = 
| laterwork     = 
}}
'''Joseph Vinoy''' ({{IPA|fr|ʒozɛf vinwa}}; 10 August 1803 &ndash; 27 April 1880) was a [[French people|French]] soldier, who commanded the French capital's defenses during the [[Siege of Paris (1870-1871)|siege of Paris]] in the course of the [[Franco-Prussian War]].

==Biography==
He originally intended to join the Church, but, after some years at a [[seminary]], he decided upon a military career and joined the [[French army]] in 1823. As a sergeant in the 14th line infantry, he took part in the [[Algeria]]n expedition of 1830. He won his commission at the capture of [[Algiers]] and during the subsequent campaigns rose to the rank of Colonel. He returned to France in 1850. In the [[Crimean War]], he served under [[François Certain Canrobert]] as general of brigade. For his brilliant conduct at the [[Battle of Malakoff]] in 1855 he was promoted to General of division. He later led a division of [[Adolphe Niel]]'s corps in the [[Battle of Solférino]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

Retired on account of his age in 1865, he was recalled to active service on the outbreak of the [[Franco-Prussian War]] in 1870. After the early reverses he was made head of the XIII army corps, which did not arrive at the front in time to be involved in the [[Battle of Sedan|catastrophe of Sedan]]. By a skillful retreat he brought his corps intact to Paris on September 7. During the [[Siege of Paris (1870-1871)|Siege of Paris]], Vinoy commanded the III army operating on the south side of the capital and took part in all the actions in that quarter. On [[Louis Jules Trochu]]'s resignation he was appointed to the supreme command, in which capacity he negotiated France's surrender.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

During the [[Paris Commune]], he held important commands in the army of [[Versailles, Yvelines|Versailles]], occupying the burning [[Tuileries]] and the [[Louvre]] on May 23, 1871. He was subsequently made a Grand Chancellor of the [[Légion d'honneur|Legion of Honour]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

Vinoy wrote several memoirs of the Franco-Prussian War: ''Operations de l'armée pendant le siege de Paris'' (1872); ''L'Armistice et la commune'' (1872); and ''L'Armée française'' (1873).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

The Municipality of Vinoy in Quebec, Canada, was named in his honour (since 1996 part of the [[Chénéville, Quebec|Municipality of Chénéville]]).<ref name="CTQ-Ch">{{cite web |url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/topos/carto.asp?Speci=319411&Latitude=45,88333&Longitude=-75,05&Zoom=1700 |title=Chénéville (Municipalité) |accessdate=2009-01-08 |publisher=Commission de toponymie du Québec |language=French |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023814/http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/topos/carto.asp?Speci=319411&Latitude=45,88333&Longitude=-75,05&Zoom=1700 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

== References ==
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Vinoy, Joseph|volume=28|page=100}}

{{Military governors of Paris}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vinoy, Joseph}}
[[Category:1803 births]]
[[Category:1880 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Isère]]
[[Category:French generals]]
[[Category:French military personnel of the Crimean War]]
[[Category:French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War]]
[[Category:Military governors of Paris]]
[[Category:Grand Chancellors of the Legion of Honour]]