Editing John II, Duke of Brabant

{{short description|13th and 14th-century duke of Brabant}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name         = John II
| title        = [[Duke of Brabant]]<br>[[Duke of Lothier]]<br>[[Duke of Limburg]]
|image=Jan II van Brabant senaat.jpg|CoA=|tenure=| spouse       = {{marriage|[[Margaret of England (1275–1333)|Margaret of England]]|1290}}
| issue        = [[John III, Duke of Brabant]]
| house        = [[House of Reginar]]
| father       = [[John I, Duke of Brabant]]
| mother       = [[Margaret of Flanders (d. 1285)|Margaret of Flanders]]
|predecessor=|successor=| birth_date   = 27 September 1275
| birth_place  = 
| death_date   = {{dda|1312|10|27|1275|9|27|df=y}}
| death_place  = [[Tervuren]]
| burial_place = [[Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula|Brussels Cathedral]]
}}
[[File:Brabante John II gros tournois.jpg|thumb|John II: Gros tournois.]]
'''John II''' (27 September 1275 &ndash; 27 October 1312), also called '''John the Peaceful''', was [[Duke of Brabant]], [[Duke of Lothier|Lothier]] and [[Duchy of Limburg|Limburg]] (1294&ndash;1312). He was the son of [[John I of Brabant]] and [[Margaret of Flanders (d. 1285)|Margaret of Flanders]].

John II succeeded his father in 1294<ref>''[[Balduini Ninovensis Chronicon]]'' 1294, MGH SS XXV, p. 546.</ref> During the reign of John II, Brabant continued supporting a coalition to stop French expansion. He tried to conquer South Holland (district of medieval Holland) from the pro-French Count [[John II of Holland]], but was not successful.

In 1309, the [[Crusade of the Poor]] besieged the castle of [[Genappe]] in Brabant because it was sheltering [[Jews]]. John sent an army that defeated the crusaders, who incurred heavy losses.<ref name=Badacs>Gábor Bradács, "Crusade of the Poor (1309)", in Jeffrey M. Shaw and Timothy J. Demy (eds.), ''War and Religion: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict'', 3 vols. (ABC-CLIO, 2017), vol. 1, pp. 211–12.</ref> According to Chris Harman (2000), during different parts of the XIV century several attacks on jews merchants and christian priests took place, and also awhich, typically, masses of people would march from town to town, looting and being joined by others during their march. Harman quotes the following:

{{blockquote|"Armed columns appeared, consisting of miserably poor artisans and labourers with an admixture of nobles who had squandered their wealth. These people begged and pillaged their way through the country, killing Jews but also storming…castles…In the end they attacked the castle of the Duke of Brabant…who three years before had routed an army of insurgent clothworkers and, it is said, buried its leaders alive."  N. Cohn, ''The Pursuit of the Millennium''. (London, 1970), p.102.}}

John, who suffered from [[kidney stone]]s and wanted his duchy to be peacefully handed over to his son upon his death, in 1312 signed the famous [[Charter of Kortenberg]]. John died in [[Tervuren]] in 1312.<ref>Oude Kronik van Brabant, p. 72.</ref> He was buried in the [[Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula|Church of St. Michael and St. Gudula]] (now Brussels' cathedral).

==Family==
On 8 July 1290, John married [[Margaret of England (1275–1333)|Margaret of England]] in [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]].{{sfn|Spencer|2014|p=39}} She was a daughter of King [[Edward I of England]] and his first wife, [[Eleanor of Castile]].{{sfn|Prestwich|1997|p=573}} Only one child was born out of this marriage:
* [[John III, Duke of Brabant]].{{sfn|Warnicke|2000|p=16}}

John II had several illegitimate children:
* Jan van Corsselaer, was later named Lord of Witthem, Wailwilre, Machelen, la Rochette and Colonster.<ref>Butkens (1724), Vol. I, Preuves, p. 145, "Extraict des registres de la ville de Malines".</ref>
* Jan van Wyvliet. Lord of Blaesveld and Kuyc. Married to Margaret Pipenpoy.<ref>Butkens (1724), Vol. I, Preuves, p. 144, "Extraict des registres de la ville de Malines".</ref>
* [[Jan Cordeken]]: Founder of the [[House of Glymes]]. He was legitimized by the emperor [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis IV]] by charter dated of 27 August 1344, lists John II as the father and Elisabeth Gortygin as his mother.<ref>Butkens (1724), Vol. I, Preuves, p. 146, "Extraicts des chartes de la maison de Berges sur Soom".</ref>
* Jan Magermann. Married to Adelise d'Elsies.
* Jan II van Dongelberg (- 1383). His mother was Marguerite van Pamel.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{cite book |title=Edward I |first=Michael |last=Prestwich |publisher=Yale University Press |year=1997 }}
*{{cite book |title=Nobility and Kingship in Medieval England |first=Andrew M. |last=Spencer |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2014 }}
*{{cite book |title=The Marrying of Anne of Cleves: Royal Protocol in Early Modern England |first=Retha M. |last=Warnicke |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2000 }}
*Harman, C. (2000). ''A People's History of the World.'' Verso Books: London. 

==See also ==
* [[Dukes of Brabant family tree]]

{{S-start}}
{{S-reg}}
{{s-bef|before = [[John I, Duke of Brabant|John I]]}}
{{s-ttl|title  = [[Duke of Brabant]], [[Duke of Lothier|Lothier]], and [[Duke of Limburg|Limburg]]|years  = 1294&ndash;1312}}
{{s-aft|after  = [[John III, Duke of Brabant|John III]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1275 births|Brabant, John II, Duke of]]
[[Category:1312 deaths|Brabant, John II, Duke of]]
[[Category:13th-century dukes of Brabant]]
[[Category:14th-century dukes of Brabant]]
[[Category:13th-century dukes of Limburg]]
[[Category:14th-century dukes of Limburg]]
[[Category:Burials at the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula]]
[[Category:House of Reginar]]
[[Category:14th-century nobility from the Holy Roman Empire]]