Editing Jerome Skolnick

{{Short description|American criminologist (1931–2024)}}
'''Jerome Herbert Skolnick''' (March 21, 1931 – February 22, 2024) was an American [[professor]] at [[Yale University]], [[University of California, Berkeley]], [[New York University]] and a former [[President (corporate title)|president]] of the [[American Society of Criminology]].<ref>{{Cite web | title=Jerome Skolnick Obituary - New York, NY | url=https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/new-york-ny/jerome-skolnick-11682605 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308224504/https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/new-york-ny/jerome-skolnick-11682605 | access-date=2024-12-27 | archive-date=2024-03-08}}</ref> He joined the [[University of California, Berkeley]] in 1962. Skolnick had a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in [[sociology]] from [[Yale University]]. In the 1950s he was appointed a Law professor at Yale, one of the youngest to ever hold that position.<ref name="jsp-ls.berkeley.edu">{{cite web | url=https://jsp-ls.berkeley.edu/memoriam-jerome-skolnick | title=In Memoriam: Jerome Skolnick &#124; Jurisprudence & Social Policy / Legal Studies }}</ref>

==Clearance rates==
Jerome Skolnick had argued that [[clearance rate]]s demonstrate the reality of the [[conflict model (criminal justice)|criminal justice conflict model]] by encouraging [[police]] to focus on appearing to do their job, rather than on actually doing their job. This is a comparable argument to that regarding [[standardized test]]ing, and "[[teaching to the test]]". Skolnick noted one incident where police coerced a man to confess to over 400 [[burglary|burglaries]] so that they could have a high rate of crime solving (clearance).

His awards include Carnegie, Guggenheim and National Science Foundation fellowships as well as prizes for distinguished scholarship from the American Society of Criminology, the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences and the Western Society of Criminology.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.law.berkeley.edu/our-faculty/faculty-profiles/jerome-skolnick/#tab_profile | title=Jerome Skolnick }}</ref> Jerry received widespread recognition in the United States and abroad throughout his long career.<ref name="jsp-ls.berkeley.edu"/>

Skolnick died on February 22, 2024, in New York City, New York, at the age of 92.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome Skolnick Obituary - New York, NY |url=https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/new-york-ny/jerome-skolnick-11682605 |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=Dignity Memorial |language=en-us}}</ref>

==Quotes==
*''"The [[law]] often, but not always, supports [[police]] deception."''<ref name=quotes>{{Citation | last =Skolnick | first =J. H. | title =Deception by Police | journal =Criminal Justice Ethics | volume =1 | issue =2 | date =Summer–Fall 1982 | pages =40–54 | doi =10.1080/0731129X.1982.9991705 | url =http://www.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/cje/html/sample1.html | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/19980209181933/http://www.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/cje/html/sample1.html | url-status =dead | archive-date =February 9, 1998 }}</ref>
*''"Courtroom lying is justified within the police culture by the same sort of necessity rationale that [[court]]s have permitted police to employ at the investigative stage: The end justifies the means."''<ref name=quotes />

==Writings by Jerome Skolnick==
Most of his writings deal with [[criminal justice]].

*{{cite book | last =Skolnick| first =J. H.| title =Justice without trial: law enforcement in democratic society | publisher = [[John Wiley & Sons|Wiley]]| year =1966 | location =New York| isbn =978-0-471-79541-4| url =https://archive.org/details/justicewithouttr0000skol| url-access =registration| id =OCLC: 1175611 }}
*{{cite book | last =Skolnick| first =J. H.|author2=E. Currie  | title =Crisis in American Institutions | publisher =[[Little, Brown and Company|Little, Brown]] | year =1970 | location =Boston | id =OCLC: 76362  }}
*{{cite book | last =Skolnick | first =J. H. | title =House of cards: the legalization and control of casino gambling | publisher =[[Little, Brown and Company|Little, Brown]] | year =1978 | location =Boston | url =https://archive.org/details/houseofcardslega0000skol | id =OCLC: 4004124 | isbn =0-316-79699-9 | url-access =registration }}
*{{cite book | last =Skolnick| first =J.H. |author2=Kaplan J. |author-link2=John Kaplan (law professor) | title =Criminal Justice; a Casebook| publisher =Foundation Press | year =1982 | location =Mineola, N.Y. | id = OCLC: 7977551 | isbn =0-88277-053-5 }}
*{{cite book | last =Skolnick| first =J. H.|author2=Bayley, D. H.  | title =new blue line: police innovation in six American cities | publisher =[[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]] | year =1986 | location =New York | id = OCLC: 12840114| isbn =0-02-929310-3 }}
*{{cite book | last =Skolnick | first =J. H. | author2 =J. J. Fyfe | author-link2 =James Fyfe | title =Above the Law: Police and the Excessive Use of Force | publisher =[[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]] | year =1993 | location =New York | url =https://archive.org/details/abovelawpoliceex00skol | id =OCLC: 27011930 | isbn =0-02-929312-X | url-access =registration }}

==Personal life==
While attending Yale Law School, Jerome married Arlene Silberstein<ref name="Skolnick 1991">[https://books.google.com/books?id=sRQl0sm-ZxwC&dq=Arlene+Silberstein+Skolnick&pg=PR13 Skolnick 1991]</ref><ref>[http://alumniandfriends.org/content/uploads/newsletter-summer_2011.pdf LaGuardia 2011] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518082340/http://alumniandfriends.org/content/uploads/newsletter-summer_2011.pdf |date=2015-05-18 }}</ref> in New Haven, Connecticut.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=UxmGEE2vMzQC&dq=skolnick%2C+marriage%2C+Jerome%2C+Arlene&pg=PA126 Glassner 2003]</ref> Both Jerome and Arlene were Reform [[Jewish]].<ref>[http://www.villagevoice.com/2012-12-19/music/testament-s-alex-skolnick-went-from-geek-to-guitar-god/full/ Village Voice 2012]</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wK63zYI7_nQ Youtube 2013]</ref> They had two sons who were born in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], [[Alex Skolnick]], lead guitarist for the [[thrash metal]] band [[Testament (band)|Testament]] and founder of the jazz band Alex Skolnick trio,<ref>{{Cite web | title=Alex Skolnick Trio Discography at Discogs | url=https://www.discogs.com/artist/2322426-Alex-Skolnick-Trio | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204071639/http://www.discogs.com:80/artist/2322426-Alex-Skolnick-Trio | access-date=2024-12-27 | archive-date=2015-02-04}}</ref><ref name="Skolnick 1991"/> and Michael Skolnick.

==Further reading==
*{{cite web|title=Jerome H. Skolnick: Police deception and brutality |work=Historical context within Jerome H. ... |publisher=Florida State University |url=http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/skolnick.htm |access-date=2007-09-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201235555/http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/skolnick.htm |archive-date=2008-02-01 }}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:2024 deaths]]
[[Category:American criminologists]]
[[Category:20th-century American Jews]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing]]
[[Category:21st-century American Jews]]