Editing Jennie Kidd Trout

{{short description|Canadian physician}}
{{Infobox person
| name        = Jennie Kidd Trout
| image       = TROUT, J.K. DOCTOR LCCN2016856155 (cropped).jpg
| alt         = 
| caption     = 
| birth_name  = Jennie Kidd Gowanlock
| birth_date  = April 21, 1841
| birth_place = [[Kelso, Scotland|Kelso]], [[Scotland]]
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1921|11|10|1841|4|21}}
| death_place = [[Los Angeles, California]]
| nationality = [[Canadian people|Canadian]]
| other_names = 
| known_for   = 
| occupation  = Physician
}}

'''Jennie Kidd Trout''' (born '''Gowanlock'''; April 21, 1841 – November 10, 1921) was the first woman in Canada to become a licensed medical doctor, on March 11, 1875. Trout was the only woman in Canada licensed to practice medicine until July 1880, when [[Emily Stowe]] completed the official qualifications.

== Biography ==
Born in Wooden Mills, [[Kelso, Scotland|Kelso]], [[Scotland]], Jennie (whose name is variously spelled 'Jenny') moved with her parents to Canada in 1847, settling near [[Stratford, Ontario]]. Trout had taken a course in teaching after graduation, and had taught until her marriage to Edward Trout.  She married Trout in 1865 and thereafter moved to [[Toronto]], where Edward ran a newspaper.

Motivated by her own chronic illnesses, she decided on a medical career, passing her matriculation exam in 1871 and studying medicine at the [[University of Toronto]]. Trout and Emily Jennings Stowe were together the first women admitted to the [[University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine|Toronto School of Medicine]], by special arrangement. Stowe, however, refused to sit her exams in protest of the school's demeaning treatment of the two women. Trout later transferred to the [[Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania]], where she earned her [[M.D.]] on March 11, 1875 and became the first licensed female physician in Canada.<ref name=Buchanan>Buchanan, D. (2012). " In His Name": The Live and Times of Jenny Kidd Trout. Leaven. 3(3): 16.</ref>

Trout then opened the Therapeutic and Electrical Institute in Toronto, which specialized in treatments for women involving "[[galvanic bath]]s or electricity."  For six years, she also ran a free dispensary for the poor at the same location.  The Institute was quite successful, later opening branches in [[Brantford, Ontario|Brantford]] and [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], [[Ontario]].<ref name=Buchanan/>

Due to poor health, Trout retired in 1882 to [[Palma Sola, Florida|Palma Sola]], [[Florida]].  She was later instrumental in the establishment of a medical school for women at [[Queen's University at Kingston|Queen's University]] in [[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]].<ref>Dembski, P. E. (1985). Jenny Kidd Trout and the founding of the women's medical colleges at Kingston and Toronto. Ontario History. 77(3): 183.</ref>  Her family travelled extensively between Florida and Ontario, and later moved to [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], [[California]], where she died in 1921.<ref name=Buchanan/>

In 1991, [[Canada Post]] issued a postage stamp in her honour to commemorate her as the first woman licensed to practise medicine in Canada.<ref>Buchanan, W. W. (1991). Canada honours its first licensed woman doctor: Jeannie (Jenny) Kidd Trout (1841-1921). Proceedings of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 21(4): 455-457.</ref>

On April 21, 2018, [[Google]] celebrated her 177th birthday with a [[Google Doodle]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://doodles.google/doodle/jennie-trouts-177th-birthday/|title=Jennie Trout's 177th Birthday|website=Google|date=21 April 2018}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Canadian Women's Suffrage Association]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.biographi.ca/EN/009004-119.01-e.php?id_nbr=8164 GOWANLOCK, JENNY KIDD (Trout)], Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050214224856/http://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?ID=10173 Historica Minute video and details], with links to lesson plans
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165454/http://www.canadianencyclopedia.ca/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0008138 Jennie (Jenny) Kidd Trout] (''[[Canadian Encyclopedia|The Canadian Encyclopedia]]'')
*[http://www.rootsweb.com/~nwa/jennie.html Jennie Kidd Gowanlock Trout], biographical page from a descendant
*[http://www.collectionscanada.ca/physicians/ Famous Canadian Physicians] at Library and Archives Canada

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Trout, Jennie Kidd}}
[[Category:1841 births]]
[[Category:1921 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian physicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian physicians]]
[[Category:People from Perth County, Ontario]]
[[Category:Pre-Confederation Ontario people]]
[[Category:Scottish emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario]]
[[Category:People from Kelso, Scottish Borders]]
[[Category:University of Toronto alumni]]
[[Category:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)]]
[[Category:Canadian philanthropists]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Queen's University at Kingston]]
[[Category:Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania alumni]]
[[Category:Canadian women philanthropists]]
[[Category:Immigrants to the Province of Canada]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian women physicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian women physicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian women scientists]]