Editing Jackson, Alabama

{{short description|City in Alabama, United States}}
{{Distinguish|Jackson County, Alabama}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Jackson
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = The Pine City
|image_skyline            = File:Civil War Brooke Cannon in front of City Hall, Jackson, Alabama LCCN2010640240.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = [[Brooke rifle]] in front of the Jackson City Hall
|image_flag               = Flag of Jackson, Alabama.png
|image_seal               = Seal of Jackson, Alabama.png
|image_map                = File:Clarke County Alabama Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Jackson Highlighted 0138152.svg
|map_caption              = Location of Jackson in Clarke County, Alabama.
|pushpin_map              = 
|pushpin_map_caption      = 
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Alabama|County]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_name1        = [[Alabama]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Clarke County, Alabama|Clarke]]
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|established_date         = 
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 41.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 15.83
|area_land_km2            = 40.50
|area_land_sq_mi          = 15.64
|area_water_km2           = 0.50
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.19
|elevation_ft             = 236
|elevation_m              = 72
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 4748
|population_metro         = 
|population_density_km2   = 117.22
|population_density_sq_mi = 303.60
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|coordinates              = {{coord|31|31|18|N|87|53|28|W|region:US-AL|display=inline}}
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]s
|postal_code              = 36501, 36515, 36545
|area_code                = [[Area code 251|251]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 01-38152
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0151874
|footnotes                = 
|website                  = {{URL|cityofjacksonal.com}}
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_01.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
}}
'''Jackson''' is a city in [[Clarke County, Alabama|Clarke County]], [[Alabama]], United States. The population was 4,748 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name=":0" /> It was one of three wet settlements in an otherwise-[[dry county]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alabcboard.gov/wet-dry-map |title=Wet Dry County Map |website=Alabama Alcoholic Beverage Control Board |access-date=May 2, 2018}}</ref>

==Geography==
Jackson is located along the western border of Clarke County at coordinates {{coord|31.521|N|87.891|W|display=inline}}, on a rise overlooking east bank of the [[Tombigbee River]]. According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|41.0|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|40.5|km2|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.5|km2|order=flip}}, or 1.21%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web |title=Jackson city, Georgia |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/jacksoncitygeorgia/PST045219 |access-date=October 9, 2021 |website=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFact}}</ref>

Jackson sits across the Tombigbee River from [[Washington County, Alabama]].

===Climate===
{{Weather box   <!-- Infobox begins -->
| single line = Y
| location    = Jackson, Alabama, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1965&ndash;present

|Jan record high F = 83
|Feb record high F = 84
|Mar record high F = 88
|Apr record high F = 95
|May record high F = 96
|Jun record high F = 103
|Jul record high F = 104
|Aug record high F = 104
|Sep record high F = 99
|Oct record high F = 98
|Nov record high F = 89
|Dec record high F = 86

|Jan avg record high F = 76.0
|Feb avg record high F = 78.5
|Mar avg record high F = 84.0
|Apr avg record high F = 86.6
|May avg record high F = 92.2
|Jun avg record high F = 95.3
|Jul avg record high F = 97.0
|Aug avg record high F = 96.6
|Sep avg record high F = 94.4
|Oct avg record high F = 89.1
|Nov avg record high F = 81.8
|Dec avg record high F = 77.9
|year avg record high F = 98.2

<!-- Average high temperatures -->
| Jan high F  =59.9
| Feb high F  =64.1
| Mar high F  =71.4
| Apr high F  =77.5
| May high F  =84.5
| Jun high F  =89.5
| Jul high F  =91.2
| Aug high F  =91.2
| Sep high F  =87.2
| Oct high F  =78.7
| Nov high F  =68.7
| Dec high F  =61.9
<!-- Mean daily temperature -->
| Jan mean F  =47.9
| Feb mean F  =51.7
| Mar mean F  =58.4
| Apr mean F  =64.4
| May mean F  =72.1
| Jun mean F  =78.6
| Jul mean F  =80.8
| Aug mean F  =80.6
| Sep mean F  =76.2
| Oct mean F  =66.0
| Nov mean F  =55.7
| Dec mean F  =50.1
<!-- Average low temperatures -->
| Jan low F  =36.0
| Feb low F  =39.3
| Mar low F  =45.4
| Apr low F  =51.3
| May low F  =59.7
| Jun low F  =67.7
| Jul low F  =70.5
| Aug low F  =70.0
| Sep low F  =65.3
| Oct low F  =53.4
| Nov low F  =42.6
| Dec low F  =38.2

|Jan avg record low F = 20.1
|Feb avg record low F = 23.4
|Mar avg record low F = 28.3
|Apr avg record low F = 36.3
|May avg record low F = 46.4
|Jun avg record low F = 59.1
|Jul avg record low F = 65.9
|Aug avg record low F = 63.5
|Sep avg record low F = 52.5
|Oct avg record low F = 36.9
|Nov avg record low F = 27.6
|Dec avg record low F = 24.0
|year avg record low F = 18.1

|Jan record low F = 3
|Feb record low F = 11
|Mar record low F = 18
|Apr record low F = 29
|May record low F = 39
|Jun record low F = 48
|Jul record low F = 56
|Aug record low F = 57
|Sep record low F = 40
|Oct record low F = 28
|Nov record low F = 18
|Dec record low F = 6

<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
| precipitation colour    =  green
| Jan precipitation inch  =5.72
| Feb precipitation inch  =5.46
| Mar precipitation inch  =5.52
| Apr precipitation inch  =4.74
| May precipitation inch  =3.95
| Jun precipitation inch  =6.26
| Jul precipitation inch  =5.40
| Aug precipitation inch  =5.17
| Sep precipitation inch  =4.37
| Oct precipitation inch  =3.75
| Nov precipitation inch  =4.35
| Dec precipitation inch  =5.52

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 10.2
|Feb precipitation days = 9.3
|Mar precipitation days = 8.9
|Apr precipitation days = 7.5
|May precipitation days = 7.6
|Jun precipitation days = 10.0
|Jul precipitation days = 12.1
|Aug precipitation days = 10.4
|Sep precipitation days = 8.1
|Oct precipitation days = 6.3
|Nov precipitation days = 7.6
|Dec precipitation days = 10.4

<!-- Snowfall -->
| Jan snow inch  =0.0
| Feb snow inch  =0.0
| Mar snow inch  =0.0
| Apr snow inch  =0.0
| May snow inch  =0.0
| Jun snow inch  =0.0
| Jul snow inch  =0.0
| Aug snow inch  =0.0
| Sep snow inch  =0.0
| Oct snow inch  =0.0
| Nov snow inch  =0.0
| Dec snow inch  =0.0
|year snow inch = 0.0

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.0
|Feb snow days = 0.1
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.0

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00014193&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Jackson, AL
|access-date = March 4, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=mob
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Mobile
|access-date = March 4, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1900= 1039
|1910= 1379
|1920= 1331
|1930= 1828
|1940= 2039
|1950= 3072
|1960= 4959
|1970= 5957
|1980= 6073
|1990= 5819
|2000= 5419
|2010= 5228
|2020= 4748
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 6, 2013}}</ref><br>2013 Estimate<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013|access-date=June 3, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522161634/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html|archive-date=May 22, 2014}}</ref>
}}

===2020===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Jackson Racial Composition<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US0138152&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 8, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!Race
!Num.
!Perc.
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White]]
|2,379
|50.11%
|-
|[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]]
|2,154
|45.37%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
|20
|0.42%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]
|36
|0.76%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]
|1
|0.02%
|-
|[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]]
|112
|2.36%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
|46
|0.98%
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 4,748 people, 1,775 households, and 1,112 families residing in the city.

===2010===
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]] there were 5,228 people, 2,112 households, and 1,446 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|334|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,426 housing units at an average density of {{convert|153.5|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 54.9% White, 42.9% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4%.<ref name="2010 census">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=July 11, 2015 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>

Of the 2,112 households 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.6% were married couples living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 29.4% of households were one person and 10.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.00.

The age distribution was 25.1% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% 65 or older. The median age was 40.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.9 males.

The median household income was $32,917 and the median family income  was $46,328. Males had a median income of $54,688 versus $29,483 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,822. About 21.9% of families and 29.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 37.4% of those under age 18 and 18.3% of those age 65 or over.

===2000===
At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]] there were 5,419 people, 2,094 households, and 1,507 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|358.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,341 housing units at an average density of {{convert|155.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2000 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 60.42% White, 38.49% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.20% from other races, and 0.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65%.<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>

Of the 2,094 households 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 26.3% of households were one person and 12.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.08.

The age distribution was 26.6% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.4 males.

The median household income was $34,806 and the median family income  was $45,516. Males had a median income of $43,558 versus $21,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,346. About 15.3% of families and 21.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 27.9% of those under age 18 and 20.1% of those age 65 or over.

==History==
[[File:Battle of Burnt Corn.jpg|thumb|300px|Map of Alabama during the [[War of 1812]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lossing |first=Benson |title=The Pictorial Field-Book of the War of 1812 |publisher=Harper & Brothers, Publishers |year=1868 |page=751}}</ref>]]
Jackson was founded in 1816 and is named after President [[Andrew Jackson]]. Former names for the city include Pine Level and Republicville.

During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], a [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] fort was established on the banks of the [[Tombigbee River]]. It was named [[Fort Carney]] and was positioned on Carney's Bluff just south of Jackson. The cannon that was on the bluff now sits in front of City Hall.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/m-7267|title=Civil War Cannon in Jackson {{!}} Encyclopedia of Alabama|website=Encyclopedia of Alabama|access-date=July 12, 2017}}</ref>

Jackson has four sites listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]. They are the [[Jackson Historic District (Jackson, Alabama)|Jackson Historic District]], [[Clarke Mills]], [[Doit W. McClellan Lustron House]], and [[J. P. McKee Lustron House]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2009a}}</ref>

During [[World War II]], a [[prisoner-of-war camp]] was built and operated holding 253 captured [[Nazi Germany|German soldiers]] on Ocre Avenue.<ref>
{{cite web
 |title=Welcome to Clarke County Pamphlet 
 |publisher=Clarke County Development Foundation 
 |date=June 2005 
 |url=http://www.clarkecountyal.com/documents/ClarkeBooklet.pdf 
 |access-date=April 25, 2007 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708162253/http://www.clarkecountyal.com/documents/ClarkeBooklet.pdf 
 |archive-date=July 8, 2011 
}}</ref>  The camp was opened April 6, 1945, and closed March 12, 1946.<ref name=POWMarker>Clarke County Historical Marker, N31°31’53.6”W087°53’28.8”</ref>  Many of the prisoners were members of the [[Afrika Korps]].<ref name=POWMarker/>

==Economy==
The economy of Jackson is driven by the timber industry. [[Packaging Corporation of America]] has a paper mill that is the largest employer located in the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Clarke County, Alabama Industry|url=http://www.clarkecountyal.com/industry_2.htm}}</ref>

==Education==
*Coastal Alabama Community College
*Jackson Academy
*Jackson Middle School
*Jackson High School
*Jackson Intermediate
*Joe M. Gillmore Elementary
*Walker Springs Baptist Church

==Notable people==
* [[Ann Bedsole]] (born 1930), member of both houses of the [[Alabama State Legislature]] 1979-1995<ref>{{cite web|title=Ann Smith Bedsole|url=http://www.archives.state.al.us/famous/academy/a_bedsol.html|website=[[Alabama Academy of Honor]]|publisher=[[Alabama Department of Archives and History]]|access-date=April 18, 2017|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104445/http://www.archives.state.al.us/famous/academy/a_bedsol.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Stew Bolen]] (1902–1969), former [[Major League Baseball]] player
* [[Antonio Chatman]] (born 1979), NFL wide receiver<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=CHATMANT01|title= Antonio Chatman|publisher= databaseFootball.com|access-date= October 19, 2012|url-status= usurped|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121017071408/http://databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=CHATMANT01|archive-date= October 17, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Jimmy Outlaw]] (1913–2006), former Major League Baseball player
* [[Ray Prim]] (1906–1995), former Major League Baseball [[pitcher]], raised in Jackson
* [[John "Jabo" Starks]] (1938–2018), funk and blues drummer
* [[Travis and Bob]], musical duo
* [[Samaje Perine]] (born 1995), NFL Running-Back

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://cityofjacksonal.com/ City of Jackson official website]
* [http://www.jacksonalabama.org/ Jackson Area Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.southalabamian.com/ ''The South Alabamian''], local newspaper covering Jackson and surrounding area
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20140518131254/http://www.cgeda.net/ Coastal Gateway Regional Economic Development Alliance]}}

{{Coord|display=title|31.521685|-87.891113}}
{{Clarke County, Alabama}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Alabama]]
[[Category:Cities in Clarke County, Alabama]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1816]]
[[Category:1816 establishments in Mississippi Territory]]