Editing Isaac Hayes

{{Short description|American musician and actor (1942–2008)}}
{{About|the soul singer|his son, the record producer and entrepreneur|Isaac Hayes III}}
{{distinguish|Isaac Hays}}
{{other uses}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Isaac Hayes
| image              = Issac Hayes 1998.jpg
| caption            = Hayes in 1998
| birth_name         = Isaac Lee Hayes Jr.
| birth_date         = {{birth date|1942|8|20}}
| birth_place        = [[Covington, Tennessee]], U.S.
| death_date         = {{death date and age|2008|8|10|1942|8|20}}
| death_place        = [[Memphis, Tennessee]], U.S.
| burial_place       = [[Memorial Park Cemetery (Memphis, Tennessee)|Memorial Park Cemetery]], Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.
| spouse             = {{Plainlist|
* {{Marriage|Dancy Hayes|1960|end=div}}
* {{Marriage|Emily Ruth Watson|1965|1972|end=div}}
* {{Marriage|Mignon Harley|1973|1986|end=div}}
* {{Marriage|Adjowa Hayes|2005}}
}}
| children           = 11, including [[Isaac Hayes III|Isaac III]]
| occupation         = {{flatlist|
* Singer
* musician
* songwriter
* composer
* actor
* activist
}}
| years_active       = 1950–2008
| module             = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| background   = solo_singer
| instrument   = {{flatlist|
* Vocals
* keyboards
* saxophone
* organ
* vibraphone
* tambourine
}}
| genre        = {{flatlist|
* [[Progressive soul]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Planer|first=Lindsay|date=n.d.|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/black-moses-mw0000654514|title=Black Moses – Isaac Hayes|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=January 28, 2021}}</ref>
* [[funk]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Gibron|first=Bill|date=August 10, 2008|url=https://www.popmatters.com/funk-soul-brother-isaac-hayes-1942-2008-2496129111.html|title=Funk Soul Brother: Isaac Hayes (1942–2008)|magazine=[[PopMatters]]|access-date=January 28, 2021}}</ref>
* [[psychedelic soul]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Farber|first=Jim|date=February 20, 2018|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/feb/20/i-didnt-give-a-damn-if-it-didnt-sell-how-isaac-hayes-helped-create-psychedelic-soul|title='I didn't give a damn if it didn't sell': how Isaac Hayes helped create psychedelic soul|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 28, 2021}}</ref>
* [[disco]]
}}
| label        = {{flatlist|
* [[Enterprise Records|Enterprise]]
* [[Stax Records|Stax]]
* [[ABC Records|ABC]]
* [[Polydor Records|Polydor]]
* [[PolyGram]]
* [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]
* [[CBS Records International|CBS]]
* [[Point Blank Records|Point Blank]]
* [[Virgin Records|Virgin]]
* [[EMI]]
* HBS
}}
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
* [[David Porter (musician)|David Porter]]
* [[Booker T. & the M.G.'s]]
* [[The Bar-Kays]]
* [[Dionne Warwick]]
| website = {{URL|isaachayes.com}}
}}
}}
}}

'''Isaac Lee Hayes Jr.''' (August 20, 1942 – August 10, 2008) was an American singer, songwriter, composer, and actor. He was one of the creative forces behind the [[Southern soul]] music label [[Stax Records]] in the 1960s,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Booth |first=Stanley |date=February 8, 1969 |title=The rebirth of the blues: Soul |url=https://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/flipbooks/issues/19690208/ |work=The Saturday Evening Post |pages=26–31, 60–61}}</ref> serving as an in-house songwriter with his partner [[David Porter (musician)|David Porter]], 
as well as a session musician and record producer. Hayes and Porter were inducted into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] in 2005 in recognition of writing scores of songs for themselves, the duo [[Sam & Dave]], [[Carla Thomas]], and others. In 2002, Hayes was inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rockhall.com/inductees/isaac-hayes/ |title=Isaac Hayes &#124; Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |access-date=August 17, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008204529/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/isaac-hayes |archive-date=October 8, 2016 }}</ref>

"[[Soul Man (song)|Soul Man]]," written by Hayes and Porter and first performed by [[Sam & Dave]], was recognized as one of the most influential songs of the past 50 years by the [[Grammy Hall of Fame]]. It was also honored by the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]], ''[[Rolling Stone (magazine)|Rolling Stone]]'' magazine, and the [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA) as one of the [[Songs of the Century]]. During the late 1960s, Hayes also began a career as a recording artist. He released several successful soul albums such as ''[[Hot Buttered Soul]]'' (1969) and ''[[Black Moses (album)|Black Moses]]'' (1971). In addition to his work in [[popular music]], Hayes worked as a [[film score composer|film composer]].

Hayes wrote the musical score for the film ''[[Shaft (1971 film)|Shaft]]'' (1971). For the "[[Theme from Shaft|Theme from ''Shaft'']]," he was awarded the [[Academy Award for Best Original Song]] in 1972, making him the third black person, after [[Hattie McDaniel]] and [[Sidney Poitier]], to win an [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]] in any competitive field covered by the [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]]. Hayes also won two [[Grammy Award]]s that same year. Later, he won his third Grammy for his album ''Black Moses''.

In 1992, Hayes was crowned honorary king of the [[Ada, Ghana|Ada]] region of Ghana in recognition of his humanitarian work there.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://face2faceafrica.com/article/celebrating-isaac-hayes-the-philanthropic-musician-who-was-crowned-king-in-ghana|title=Celebrating Isaac Hayes, the philanthropic musician who was crowned king in Ghana|date=August 10, 2018|website=Face2faceafrica.com|access-date=February 23, 2021}}</ref> He acted in films and television, such as in the movies ''[[Truck Turner]]'' (1974), ''[[Escape from New York]]'' (1981) and ''[[I'm Gonna Git You Sucka]]'' (1988), and as Gandolf "Gandy" Fitch in the TV series ''[[The Rockford Files]]'' (1974–1980). Hayes also voiced the character [[Chef (South Park)|Chef]] in the [[Comedy Central]] animated series ''[[South Park]]'' from its debut in 1997 until his controversial departure in 2006.

On August 5, 2003, Hayes was honored as a [[Broadcast Music Incorporated|BMI]] Icon at the 2003 BMI Urban Awards for his enduring influence on generations of musicians.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/233797 |title=BMI Celebrates Urban Music at 2003 Awards Ceremony|date=August 5, 2003|publisher=bmi.com|access-date=October 2, 2010}}</ref> Throughout his songwriting career, Hayes received five BMI R&B Awards, two BMI Pop Awards, two BMI Urban Awards and six Million-Air citations. As of 2008, his songs had generated more than 12 million performances.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/537092 |title=Soul King Isaac Hayes Dead at 65|date=August 11, 2008|publisher=bmi.com|access-date=October 2, 2010}}</ref>{{clarify|reason=Unclear whether this refers to sales, digital streams, or physical performances of his songs|date=October 2024}}

==Early life==
Isaac Lee Hayes Jr. was born in [[Covington, Tennessee]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/303900/isaac-hayes/biography|title=Isaac Hayes – Biography &#124; Billboard|website=Billboard.com}}</ref> the second child of Eula (''née'' Wade) and Isaac Hayes Sr.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/84/Isaac-Hayes.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402021304/http://www.filmreference.com/film/84/Isaac-Hayes.html|url-status=dead|title=Isaac Hayes Biography (1942–)|archive-date=April 2, 2016|website=Filmreference.com}}</ref> After his mother died young and his father abandoned his family, Hayes was raised by his maternal grandparents,<ref name=Post20080810>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/10/AR2008081001405.html |title=Isaac Hayes; Created Memphis Sound, 'Theme From Shaft' |work=Washingtonpost.com |date= August 11, 2008|access-date=September 11, 2010 | first=Joe | last=Holley}}</ref> Mr. and Mrs. Willie Wade Sr. The child of a [[sharecropper]] family, Hayes grew up working on farms in the Tennessee counties of [[Shelby County, Tennessee|Shelby]] and [[Tipton County, Tennessee|Tipton]]. At age five, Hayes began singing at his local church and he taught himself to play the piano, Hammond organ, flute, and saxophone.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

Hayes dropped out of high school, but his former teachers at [[Manassas High School]] in [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]] encouraged him to complete his diploma, which he did at the age of 21. After graduating from high school, Hayes was offered several music scholarships from colleges and universities. He turned down all of them to provide for his immediate family, working at a meat-packing plant in Memphis by day and playing nightclubs and [[juke joint]]s several evenings a week in Memphis and nearby northern [[Mississippi]].<ref name=Post20080810/> Hayes's first professional gigs, in the late 1950s, were as a singer at Curry's Club in North Memphis, backed by [[Ben Branch]]'s houseband.{{sfn|Bowman|1997|p=[https://archive.org/details/soulsvilleusasto00bowm/page/53 53]}}

==Career==
===1963–1974: Stax Records and ''Shaft''===
[[File:Issac Hayes 1971 press photo.jpg|thumb|Hayes in 1969]]
[[File:Stax Records, Memphis, TN, US (27).jpg|thumb|1972 Academy award for "[[Theme from Shaft|Theme from ''Shaft'']]"]]
Hayes began his recording career in the early 1960s, as a session musician for acts recorded by the Memphis-based [[Stax Records]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://staxrecords.com/spotlight/isaac-hayes/|title=Isaac Hayes|access-date=October 16, 2021|website=staxrecords.com}}</ref> He later wrote a string of hit songs with songwriting partner [[David Porter (musician)|David Porter]], including "You Don't Know Like I Know," "[[Soul Man (song)|Soul Man]],"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/15/arts/music/isaac-hayes-band-bar-kays.html|title=Meet the Musicians Who Gave Isaac Hayes His Groove (Published 2017)|first=Sean|last=Howe|date=November 15, 2017|access-date=February 23, 2021|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> "[[When Something Is Wrong with My Baby]]" and [[Hold On, I'm A Comin'|"Hold On, I'm Comin']]" for [[Sam & Dave]]. Hayes, Porter and Stax studio band [[Booker T. & the M.G.'s]] were also the producers for Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas and other Stax artists during the mid-1960s. One of the first Stax records Hayes played on was "Winter Snow" by Booker T. and The M.G.s (Stax 45–236), which indicates "Introducing Isaac Hayes on piano" on the label.

Hayes-Porter contributed to the Stax sound of this period, and Sam & Dave credited Hayes for helping develop both their sound and style. In 1968, Hayes released his debut album, ''[[Presenting Isaac Hayes]]'', a jazzy, largely improvised effort that was commercially unsuccessful.<ref name="contact">"[http://www.contactmusic.com/new/home.nsf/webpages/isaachayesx18x10x05 Ultimate Isaac Hayes (Can You Dig It?), Audio] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606114233/http://www.contactmusic.com/new/home.nsf/webpages/isaachayesx18x10x05 |date=June 6, 2011 }}". ''Contactmusic.com''. Retrieved March 15, 2008.</ref>

Stax then went through a major upheaval, losing its biggest star when [[Otis Redding]] died in a plane crash in December 1967, and then losing its back catalog to [[Atlantic Records]] in May 1968. As a result, Stax executive vice president [[Al Bell]] called for 27 new albums to be completed in mid-1969; Hayes's second album, ''Hot Buttered Soul'' was the most successful of these releases.<ref name="contact"/>

On ''Hot Buttered Soul'', Hayes reinterpreted "[[Walk On By (song)|Walk On By]]" (previously recorded by Dionne Warwick) into a 12-minute exploration. "[[By the Time I Get to Phoenix]]" starts with an eight-minute-long monologue<ref>{{cite web|url=http://perthetic.wordpress.com/2008/08/12/rip-isaac-hayes|title=RIP Isaac Hayes|publisher=Perthetic.wordpress.com|date=August 12, 2008|access-date=September 11, 2010}}</ref> before breaking into song, and the lone original number, the funky "Hyperbolicsyllabicsesquedalymistic" runs nearly ten minutes, a significant break from the standard three-minute soul/pop songs. "Walk On By" would be the first of many times Hayes would take a [[Burt Bacharach]] standard, generally known as three-minute pop songs by Dionne Warwick or [[Dusty Springfield]], and transform it into a soulful, lengthy and almost [[gospel music|gospel]] number.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

In 1970, Hayes released two albums, ''[[The Isaac Hayes Movement]]'' and ''[[...To Be Continued (Isaac Hayes album)|...To Be Continued]]''. The former stuck to the four-song template of his previous album. [[Jerry Butler (singer)|Jerry Butler's]] "I Stand Accused" begins with a trademark spoken word monologue, and Bacharach's "[[I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself]]" is re-worked.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} The latter album included "[[The Look of Love (1967 song)#Notable cover versions|The Look of Love]]," another Bacharach song transformed into an 11-minute epic of lush orchestral rhythm (mid-way it breaks into a rhythm guitar jam for a couple of minutes before suddenly resuming the slow love song). An edited three-minute version was issued as a single.<ref name="discography"/> The album featured the instrumental "Ike's Mood," which segues into a version of "[[You've Lost That Loving Feeling]]." Hayes released a Christmas single, "The Mistletoe and Me" (with "Winter Snow" as a [[B-side]]).{{citation needed|date=December 2017}}

In early 1971, Hayes composed music for the [[Shaft (Isaac Hayes album)|soundtrack]] of the [[blaxploitation]] film ''[[Shaft (1971 film)|Shaft]]'' (he appeared in a cameo role as a bartender). The title theme, with its [[Wah-wah pedal|wah-wah guitar]] and multi-layered [[symphonic]] arrangement, would become a worldwide hit single, and spent two weeks at number one in the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] in November. The remainder of the album was mostly instrumentals covering big beat jazz, bluesy funk, and hard Stax-styled soul. The other two vocal songs, the [[social commentary]] "Soulsville" and the 19-minute jam "Do Your Thing," would be edited down to hit singles.<ref name="discography">[http://staxrecords.free.fr/hayes.htm Isaac Hayes Discography] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804084753/http://staxrecords.free.fr/hayes.htm|date=August 4, 2015}}, staxrecords.free.fr; retrieved March 15, 2008.</ref> He won an "[[Academy Award for Best Original Song]]" for the [[Theme from Shaft|"Theme from ''Shaft'']]," and in addition was nominated for Best Original Dramatic Score. Later in the year, Hayes released a double album, ''Black Moses'', that expanded on his earlier sounds and featured [[The Jackson 5]]'s song "[[Never Can Say Goodbye]]." Another single, "I Can't Help It," was not featured on the album.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}}
[[File:Isaac hayes 1973.jpg|thumb|1973 photo of Hayes taken by [[John H. White (photojournalist)|John H. White]]]]
In 1972, Hayes would record the theme tune for the television series ''[[The Men (TV series)|The Men]]'' and release a hit single (with "Type Thang" as a B-side).<ref name="discography" /> He released a couple of other non-album singles during the year, such as "[[(If Loving You Is Wrong) I Don't Want to Be Right|If Loving You Is Wrong (I Don't Want to Be Right)]]" and "Rolling Down a Mountainside." Atlantic would re-release Hayes's debut album this year with the new title ''In The Beginning''.<ref>[http://www.musicstack.com/album/isaac_hayes/in_the_beginning_-_atlantic MusicStack] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233407/http://www.musicstack.com/album/isaac_hayes/in_the_beginning_-_atlantic|date=March 3, 2016}} entries for ''In the Beginning'' show that the LP's contents are identical to those of ''[[Presenting Isaac Hayes]]''.</ref>

Hayes was back in 1973 with an acclaimed live double album, ''[[Live at the Sahara Tahoe]]'', and followed it up with the album ''[[Joy (Isaac Hayes album)|Joy]]''. He moved away from cover songs with this album. An edited version of the title track would be a hit single.<ref>[{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p83140|pure_url=yes}} Isaac Hayes ''Billboard'' chart history]. Allmusic.com; retrieved March 15, 2008.</ref>

In 1974, Hayes was featured in the blaxploitation films ''[[Three Tough Guys]]'' and ''[[Truck Turner]]'', and he recorded soundtracks for both. ''Tough Guys'' was almost devoid of vocals and ''Truck Turner'' yielded a single with the title theme. The soundtrack score of ''Truck Turner'' was eventually used by filmmaker [[Quentin Tarantino]] in the ''[[Kill Bill]]'' film series, and has been used for over 30 years as the opening score of Brazilian radio show ''Jornal de Esportes'' on the [[Jovem Pan]] station.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

Unlike most African American musicians of the period, Hayes did not sport an [[Afro]] haircut; his bald head became one of his defining characteristics.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}}

===1974–1977: HBS, basketball team ownership, and bankruptcy===
By 1974, Stax Records was having serious financial problems, stemming from problems with overextension and limited record sales and distribution.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}} Hayes himself was deep in debt to [[Union Planters|Union Planters Bank]], which administered loans for the Stax label and many of its other key employees. In September of that year, Hayes sued Stax for $5.3 million. As Stax was in deep debt and could not pay, the label made an arrangement with Hayes and Union Planters: Stax released Hayes from his recording and production contracts, and Union Planters would collect all of Hayes's income and apply it towards his debts.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

Hayes formed his own label, Hot Buttered Soul, which released its product through [[ABC Records]].{{sfn|Bowman|1997|pp=332–334}} His new album, 1975's ''Chocolate Chip'', saw Hayes embrace the disco sound with the title track and lead single. "I Can't Turn Around" would prove a popular song as time went on. This would be Hayes's last album to chart in the top 40 for many years. Later in the year, the all-instrumental ''Disco Connection'' album fully embraced disco.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

On July 17, 1974, Hayes, along with [[Mike Storen]], [[Avron Fogelman]], and [[Kemmons Wilson]], took over ownership of the [[American Basketball Association (1967-1976)|American Basketball Association]] team the [[Memphis Tams]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.remembertheaba.com/memphis-sounds.html|access-date=July 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603044610/http://www.remembertheaba.com/memphis-sounds.html |archive-date=June 3, 2021|url-status=live|title=Memphis Sounds|website=Remember the ABA}}</ref> The prior owner was [[Charles O. Finley]], the owner of the [[Oakland A's]] baseball team. Hayes's group renamed the team the [[Memphis Sounds]]. Despite a 66% increase in home attendance, hiring well regarded coach [[Joe Mullaney (basketball)|Joe Mullaney]] and, unlike in the prior three seasons, making the [[1975 ABA Playoffs]] (losing to the eventual champion [[Kentucky Colonels]] in the Eastern Division semi-finals), the team's financial problems continued. The group was given a deadline of June 1, 1975, to sell 4,000 season tickets, obtain new investors and arrange a more favorable lease for the team at the [[Mid-South Coliseum]]. However, the group did not come through and the ABA took over the team, selling it to a group in Maryland that renamed the team the [[Baltimore Hustlers]] and then the [[Baltimore Claws]] before the club finally folded during preseason play for the 1975–1976 season.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.remembertheaba.com/Memphis-Sounds.html |title=Memphis Sounds |publisher=Remember the ABA |access-date=September 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019043125/http://www.remembertheaba.com/Memphis-Sounds.html |archive-date=October 19, 2015 }}</ref>

In 1976, the ''Groove-A-Thon'' album featured the single "Rock Me Easy Baby" and the title track. Later the same year, the album cover of ''Juicy Fruit (Disco Freak)'' featured Hayes in a pool with naked women, and spawned the title track single and the classic "The Storm Is Over". However, while all these albums were regarded as solid efforts, Hayes was no longer selling large numbers. He and his wife were forced into bankruptcy in 1976, as they owed over $6 million. By the end of the bankruptcy proceedings in 1977, Hayes had lost his home, much of his personal property, and the rights to all future royalties earned from the music he had written, performed, and produced.{{sfn|Bowman|1997|p=334}}

===1977–1995: Polydor, hiatus, and film work===
In 1977, Hayes was back with a new deal with Polydor Records, a live album of duets with [[Dionne Warwick]] did moderately well, and his comeback studio album ''New Horizon'' sold better and enjoyed a hit single "Out The Ghetto," and also featured the popular "It's Heaven To Me." 1978's ''For the Sake of Love'' saw Hayes record a sequel to "Theme from ''Shaft''" ("Shaft II"), but was best known for the single "Zeke The Freak," a song that would have a shelf life of decades and be a major part of the [[House music|House]] movement in the UK. The same year, [[Fantasy Records]], which had bought out Stax Records, released an album of Hayes's non-album singles and archived recordings as a "new" album, ''Hotbed'', in 1978. In 1979, Hayes returned to the Top 40 with ''Don't Let Go'' and its disco-styled title track that became a hit single (U.S. #18), and also featured the classic "A Few More Kisses To Go." Later in the year he added vocals and worked on [[Millie Jackson]]'s album ''Royal Rappin's'', and a song he co-wrote, "[[Deja Vu (Dionne Warwick song)|Deja Vu]]," became a hit for Dionne Warwick and won her a Grammy for best female R&B vocal. Neither 1980s ''And Once Again'' or 1981's ''Lifetime Thing'' produced notable songs or big sales, and Hayes chose to take a break from music to pursue acting.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

In the 1970s, Hayes was featured in the films ''Shaft'' (1971) and ''[[Truck Turner]]'' (1974); he also had a recurring role in the TV series ''[[The Rockford Files]]'' as an old cellmate of Rockford's, Gandolph Fitch (who always referred to Rockford as "Rockfish" much to his annoyance), including one episode alongside duet-partner Dionne Warwick. In the 1980s and 1990s, he appeared in numerous films, notably ''[[Escape from New York]]'' (1981), ''[[I'm Gonna Git You Sucka]]'' (1988), ''Prime Target'' (1991), and ''[[Robin Hood: Men in Tights]]'' (1993), as well as in episodes of ''[[The A-Team]]'' and ''[[Miami Vice]]''. He also attempted a musical comeback, embracing the style of drum machines and synth for 1986s ''U-Turn'' and 1988s ''Love Attack'', though neither proved successful. In 1991, he was featured in a duet with fellow soul singer [[Barry White]] on White's ballad "Dark and Lovely (You Over There)."{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

===1995–2006: Return to prominence and ''South Park''===
In 1995, Hayes appeared as a Las Vegas minister impersonating himself in the comedy series ''[[The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air]]''. He launched a comeback on the [[Virgin Records|Virgin]] label in May 1995 with ''[[Branded (Isaac Hayes album)|Branded]]'', an album of new material that earned impressive sales figures as well as positive reviews from critics who proclaimed it a return to form.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bluesandsoul.com/feature/319/bands_classic_interview_soul_icon_isaac |title=Isaac Hayes interview by Pete Lewis, 'Blues & Soul' May 1995 |publisher=Bluesandsoul.com |date=August 10, 2008 |access-date=September 11, 2010 |archive-date=August 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804182848/http://www.bluesandsoul.com/feature/319/bands_classic_interview_soul_icon_isaac |url-status=dead }}</ref> A companion album released around the same time, ''[[Raw & Refined]]'', featured a collection of previously unreleased instrumentals, both old and new. For the 1996 film ''[[Beavis and Butt-Head Do America]]'', he wrote a version of the ''Beavis and Butt-Head'' theme in the style of the ''Shaft'' theme.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

Hayes joined the founding cast of [[Comedy Central]]'s animated TV series ''[[South Park]].'' He provided the voice for the character of "[[Chef (South Park)|Chef]]", the amorous elementary-school lunchroom cook, from the show's debut on August 13, 1997 (one week shy of his 55th birthday), through the end of its ninth season in 2006. The role of Chef combined his work both as an actor and as a singer, thanks to the character's penchant for making conversational points in the form of crudely suggestive soul songs. A song from the series performed by Chef, "[[Chocolate Salty Balls|Chocolate Salty Balls (P.S. I Love You)]]," received international radio airplay in 1999. It reached number one on the [[UK singles chart]] and also on the [[Irish singles chart]]. The track also appeared on the album ''[[Chef Aid: The South Park Album]]'' in 1998.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00000G2JM |title=Chef Aid: The South Park Album (Television Compilation) [Extreme Version&#93;: Darren Mitchell, James Hetfield, Marc Shaiman, Matt Stone: Music |website=Amazon |access-date=September 11, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Chef's Bio">{{cite web| title = Chef – Character Guide – South Park Studios|url=https://southpark.cc.com/guide/characters/chef| website=Southparkstudios.com}}{{dead link|date=July 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/stats-one-hit-wonders.php |title=Featured Artists from the Official UK Charts Company |publisher=Theofficialcharts.com |access-date=September 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060221014845/http://www.theofficialcharts.com/stats-one-hit-wonders.php |archive-date=February 21, 2006 }}</ref>

In 2000, Hayes appeared on the soundtrack of the French movie ''The Magnet'' on the song "Is It Really Home" written and composed by rapper Akhenaton (IAM) and composer Bruno Coulais. In 2002, Hayes was inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]. After he played a set at the 2002 [[Glastonbury Festival line-ups#2002|Glastonbury Festival]], a documentary highlighting Isaac's career and his impact on many of the Memphis artists in the 1960s onwards was produced, ''Only The Strong Survive''.{{citation needed|date=December 2022}} In 2004, Hayes appeared in a recurring minor role as the [[Jaffa (Stargate)|Jaffa]] [[Jaffa characters in Stargate#Tolok|Tolok]] on the television series ''[[Stargate SG-1]]''. The following year, he appeared in the critically acclaimed independent film ''[[Hustle & Flow]]''. He also had a brief recurring role in [[UPN]]/[[The CW|The CW's]] ''[[Girlfriends (U.S. TV series)|Girlfriends]]'' as Eugene Childs (father of Toni).{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

====Departure from ''South Park''====
[[File: Isaac Hayes 2.jpg|thumb|Hayes performing in 2007]]
In the ''South Park'' episode "[[Trapped in the Closet (South Park)|Trapped in the Closet]]," a satire of [[Church of Scientology|Scientology]] that aired on November 16, 2005, Hayes did not appear in his role as Chef. In an interview for ''[[The A.V. Club]]'', Hayes said that he was not pleased with the show's treatment of Scientology, but said that he "understands what Matt and Trey are doing."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.avclub.com/isaac-hayes-1798208903|title=A.V. Club interview of Isaac Hayes|website=AV Club|date=January 4, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061025185344/http://www.avclub.com/content/node/44132/2 |archive-date=October 25, 2006 }}</ref>

On March 13, 2006, a statement was issued in Hayes's name, indicating that he was asking to be released from his contract with [[Comedy Central]], calling recent episodes that satirized religious beliefs intolerant. "There is a place in this world for satire, but there is a time when satire ends and intolerance and bigotry towards religious beliefs of others begins", he was quoted as saying in the press-statement. However, the statement did not directly mention Scientology. A response from Stone said that Hayes's complaints stemmed from the show's criticism of Scientology and that he "has no problem –and he's cashed plenty of checks– with our show making fun of Christians, Muslims, Mormons, or Jews."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/isaac-hayes-quits-south-park-citing-religious-intolerance-1.585043 |work=CBC |date=March 23, 2006 |title=Isaac Hayes quits 'South Park' citing religious intolerance |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314005054/http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2006/03/13/southpark-chef-quits.html |archive-date=March 14, 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=South Park gets revenge on Chef |date=March 23, 2006 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4836286.stm}}</ref>

On March 20, 2006, two days before the episode "[[The Return of Chef]]" aired, [[Roger Friedman]] of [[Fox News]] reported having been told that the March 13 statement was made in Hayes's name, but not by Hayes himself. He wrote: "Isaac Hayes did not quit ''South Park''. My sources say that someone quit it for him. ... Friends in Memphis tell me that Hayes did not issue any statements on his own about ''South Park''. They are mystified."<ref name="Friedman-March2006">{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/chefs-quitting-controversy|publisher=Fox News|author=Roger Friedman|date=March 20, 2006|title=Chef's Quitting Controversy|access-date=December 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016174852/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,188463,00.html|archive-date=October 16, 2006|url-status=live}}</ref> In a 2016 oral history of ''South Park'' in ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'', Hayes's son [[Isaac Hayes III]] said the decision to leave the show was made by his father's entourage, all of whom were ardent Scientologists, and that it was made after Hayes suffered a stroke, leaving him vulnerable to outside influence and unable to make such decisions on his own.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Parker|first1=Ryan|title=Holy Shit, 'South Park' Is 20! Trey Parker, Matt Stone on Censors, Tom Cruise and Scientology's Role in Isaac Hayes Quitting|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/south-park-20-years-history-trey-parker-matt-stone-928212|access-date=September 15, 2016|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=September 14, 2016}}</ref>

=== 2006–2008: Final years ===
Hayes's income was sharply reduced as a result of leaving ''South Park''.<ref name="Friedman-August2008">Roger Friedman, [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,401321,00.html "Isaac Hayes's History With Scientology"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320033824/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0%2C2933%2C401321%2C00.html |date=March 20, 2013 }}, ''Fox News'', August 11, 2008</ref> There followed announcements that he would be touring and performing. A [[Fox News]] reporter present at a January 2007 show in New York City, who had known Hayes fairly well, reported that "Isaac was plunked down at a keyboard, where he pretended to front his band. He spoke-sang, and his words were halting. He was not the Isaac Hayes of the past."<ref name="Friedman-August2008"/>

In April 2008, while a guest on ''[[The Adam Carolla Show (terrestrial radio)|The Adam Carolla Show]]'', Hayes stumbled in his responses to questions, possibly as a result of health problems. A caller questioned whether Hayes was under the influence of a substance, and Carolla and co-host [[Teresa Strasser]] asked Hayes if he had ever used [[Cannabis (drug)|marijuana]]. After some confusion on what was being asked, Hayes replied that he had only ever tried it once. During the interview the radio hosts made light of Hayes's awkward answers, and replayed snippets of earlier ones to simulate conversation with his co-hosts. Hayes stated during this interview that he was no longer on good terms with Parker and Stone.<ref>[http://podcast.971freefm.com/klsx1/1016244.mp3 Isaac Hayes interview, MP3 format] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028205758/http://podcast.971freefm.com/klsx1/1016244.mp3 |date=October 28, 2008 }}, FreeFM: The Adam Carolla Show, April 9, 2008</ref>

During the spring of 2008, Hayes shot scenes for ''[[Soul Men]]'', a comedy inspired by the history of Stax Records, in which he appears as himself in a supporting role. The film was released in November 2008, after both Hayes and his costar, [[Bernie Mac]], had died.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Swan|first=Lisa|title=Both Bernie Mac and Isaac Hayes appear in 'Soul Men'|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/bernie-mac-isaac-hayes-soul-men-article-1.316197|access-date=November 9, 2021|newspaper=New York Daily News|date=August 11, 2008}}</ref>

==Health problems and death==
On March 20, 2006, Roger Friedman of [[Fox News]] reported that Hayes had suffered a minor stroke in January.<ref name="Friedman-March2006"/> Hayes's spokeswoman, Amy Harnell, denied this,<ref>[http://www.hollywood.com/tv/isaac-hayes-slams-stroke-rumors-57182093/ Hayes Slams 'Stroke' Rumors] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605091505/http://www.hollywood.com/tv/isaac-hayes-slams-stroke-rumors-57182093/ |date=June 5, 2016 }}, Hollywood.com, March 27, 2006</ref> but on October 26, 2006, Hayes confirmed he had suffered a stroke.<ref name="mysanantonio.com">[http://www.mysanantonio.com/entertainment/MYSA102706_WK_hayes_1db37cb_html7971.html Hayes has put stroke, 'South Park' behind him], MySanAntonio.com, October 26, 2006. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720002541/http://www.mysanantonio.com/entertainment/MYSA102706_WK_hayes_1db37cb_html7971.html |date=July 20, 2009 }}</ref>

On August 10, 2008, ten days before his 66th birthday, Hayes was found unresponsive in his home, just east of [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]], as reported by the [[Shelby County, Tennessee]] Sheriff's Office.<ref name="WMCTV">{{cite web |url=http://www.wmctv.com/Global/story.asp?S=8817903 |title=Memphis soul legend Isaac Hayes dead at 65 |publisher=Action News 5 |date=August 10, 2008 |access-date=September 11, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115003719/http://www.wmctv.com/Global/story.asp?S=8817903 |archive-date=January 15, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A Shelby County Sheriff's deputy and an ambulance from [[Rural Metro]] responded to his home after three family members found his body on the floor next to a still-operating treadmill. Hayes was taken to [[Baptist Memorial Hospital-Memphis|Baptist Memorial Hospital]] in Memphis, where he was pronounced dead at 2:08&nbsp;p.m.<ref name="WMCTV" /><ref>{{cite news|first=Doug |last=Levine |title=Singer, Songwriter Isaac Hayes Dies |date=August 11, 2008 |publisher=Voice of America |url=http://voanews.com/english/archive/2008-08/2008-08-11-voa47.cfm |work=VOA News |access-date=January 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081214100424/http://voanews.com/english/archive/2008-08/2008-08-11-voa47.cfm |archive-date=December 14, 2008 }}</ref><ref name="cnn_obituary">{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/10/hayes.obit/|title=Soul legend Isaac Hayes dies|publisher=CNN|date=August 10, 2008|access-date=August 10, 2008}}</ref> The cause of death was not immediately clear,<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oscar-winning-singer-isaac-hayes-dead/ Oscar-Winning Singer Isaac Hayes Dead: "Hot Buttered Soul" Made Him Famous Four Decades Ago, "Theme From Shaft" Won Prestigious Awards] . CBS News. Retrieved August 12, 2008.</ref> although the area medical examiners later listed a recurrence of stroke as the cause of death.<ref name="cnn_obituary"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7557895.stm |title=Stroke killed singer Isaac Hayes |publisher=BBC News |date=August 13, 2008 |access-date=September 11, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/13/arts/13arts-ISAACHAYESSD_BRF.html|title=Isaac Hayes's Death Is Attributed to Stroke|newspaper=New York Times|date=August 12, 2008}}</ref> A private funeral was held with actors [[Tom Cruise]] and [[Denzel Washington]] in attendance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com/local/stars___royalty_come_out_as_isaac_hayes_is_laid_to_rest_all__national_/1844413/|title=Stars & Royalty Come Out As Isaac Hayes Is Laid To Rest|website=NBC New York|date=August 19, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/friends-family-pay-tribute-to-isaac-hayes-1044413/|title=Friends, Family Pay Tribute To Isaac Hayes|magazine=Billboard|date=August 18, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stlamerican.com/entertainment/isaac-hayes-remembered-in-memphis/|title=Isaac Hayes remembered in Memphis|newspaper=St Louis American|date=August 19, 2008}}</ref> Hayes was buried at [[Memorial Park Cemetery (Memphis, Tennessee)|Memorial Park Cemetery]], in Memphis, Tennessee.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wmcactionnews5.com/story/10975395/soul-legend-isaac-hayes-grave-marker-unveiled-in-memphis|title=Soul legend Isaac Hayes' grave marker unveiled in Memphis|publisher=[[WMC-TV]]|date=August 23, 2009 }}</ref>

===Legacy===
The [[Tennessee General Assembly]] enacted legislation in 2010 to honor Hayes by naming a section of [[Interstate 40]] the "Isaac Hayes Memorial Highway." The name was applied to the stretch of highway in [[Shelby County, Tennessee|Shelby County]] from [[Sam Cooper Boulevard]] in Memphis east to the [[Fayette County, Tennessee|Fayette County]] line. The naming was made official at a ceremony held on Hayes's birth anniversary in August 2010.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.commercialappeal.com/news/2010/aug/20/i-40-stretch-named-memphis-music-star-isaac-hayes/ |title=I-40 stretch named for Memphis music star Isaac Hayes |author=Bob Mehr |date=August 20, 2010 |newspaper=Commercial Appeal |location=Memphis, Tennessee }}</ref>

==Personal life==
[[File:Stax Museum - Isaac Hayes' Cadillac (21310357258).jpg|thumb|right|Hayes's Cadillac at the [[Stax Museum of American Soul Music]] in [[Memphis, Tennessee]]]]

===Family===
Hayes had 11 children, 14 grandchildren, and three great-grandchildren.<ref>[http://www.chattanoogapulse.com/vnews/display.v/ART/2006/12/13/457ee657835f1?in_archive=1 You Can Dig Him] {{dead link|date=April 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, Chattanooga Pulse, December 13, 2006</ref> His first marriage was to Dancy Hayes in 1960 and ended in divorce.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/84/Isaac-Hayes.html |title=Isaac Hayes Biography (1942–) |publisher=Filmreference.com |access-date=September 11, 2010}}</ref> His second marriage was to Emily Ruth Watson on November 24, 1965, which ended in divorce in 1972. Children from this marriage included Vincent Eric Hayes, Melanie Mia Hayes, and Nicole A. Hayes (Murrell). He married bank teller{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} Mignon Harley on April 18, 1973, and they divorced in 1986; they had two children.
Hayes and his wife were eventually forced into bankruptcy, owing over $6 million. Over the years, Isaac Hayes was able to recover financially.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://panachereport.com/channels/old_school_update/OldSchoolTidbits.htm |title=Old School Tidbits |publisher=Panache Report |access-date=September 11, 2010}}</ref>

Hayes's fourth wife, Adjowa,<ref>[http://www.beliefnet.com/whoswho/scientology_couples_10.html ISAAC HAYES AND ADJOWA HAYES], beliefnet.com {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080902084218/http://www.beliefnet.com/whoswho/scientology_couples_10.html |date=September 2, 2008 }}</ref> gave birth to a son named Nana Kwadjo Hayes on April 10, 2006.<ref>[http://movies.msn.com/music/article.aspx?news=223453 Isaac Hayes the Father of Baby Boy] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411094113/http://movies.msn.com/music/article.aspx?news=223453 |date=April 11, 2008 }}, AP, May 16, 2006</ref>
He also had one son to whom he gave his name, [[Isaac Hayes III]], known as rap producer Ike Dirty. Hayes's eldest daughter is named Jackie, also named co-executor of his estate, and other children include Veronica, Felicia, Melanie, Nikki, Lili, Darius, Vincent<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.actressarchives.com/news.php?id=11844 |title=Isaac Hayes Sent Off With Legendary Funeral |publisher=Actressarchives.com |date=August 19, 2008 |access-date=September 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222154520/http://www.actressarchives.com/news.php?id=11844 |archive-date=December 22, 2008 }}</ref> and Heather.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blogtalkradio.com/kevin-ross/2008/08/14/The-Kevin-Ross-Show-Black-Hollywood-Politics-Uncensored |title=The Kevin Ross Show – Isaac Hayes His Children Record Label Reflect On A Musical Giant 8/13/2008 – 3BAAS Media Group &#124; Internet Radio |date=August 14, 2008 |publisher=Blog Talk Radio |access-date=September 11, 2010}}</ref>

===Scientology===
Hayes took his first [[Scientology]] course in 1993,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.isaachayes.com/bio/bio-2.html |title=Biography |website=Isaac Hayes |access-date=March 1, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620060303/http://www.isaachayes.com/bio/bio-2.html |archive-date=June 20, 2012 }}</ref> later contributing endorsement blurbs for many Scientology books over the ensuing years.
In 1996, Hayes began hosting ''The Isaac Hayes and Friends Radio Show'' on [[WRKS]] in New York City. While there, Hayes became a client of the [[vegan]] [[raw food]] chef [[Elijah Joy]] and his company Organic Soul Inc. Hayes also appears in the Scientology film ''[[Orientation (film)|Orientation]]''. In 1998, Hayes and fellow Scientologist entertainers [[Anne Archer]], [[Chick Corea]] and [[Haywood Nelson]] attended the 30th anniversary of ''[[Freedom Magazine]]'', the [[Church of Scientology]]'s self-described investigative news journal, at the [[National Press Club (USA)|National Press Club]] in [[Washington, D.C.]], to honor eleven activists.<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://antonnews.com/mineolaamerican/1998/10/23/news/
 |title=Haywood You Remember Garden City Park
 |author=Kennedy, James
 |access-date=July 27, 2010
|date=October 23, 1998
|publisher=Mineola American, [[Anton Community Newspapers]]
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707150212/http://antonnews.com/mineolaamerican/1998/10/23/news/
 |archive-date=July 7, 2011
}}</ref> In 2001, Hayes and [[Doug E. Fresh]], another Scientologist musician, recorded a Scientology-inspired album called ''The Joy of Creating – The Golden Era Musicians and Friends Play [[L. Ron Hubbard]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Leggett|first=Jonathan|title=Cult musicians|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=March 25, 2006|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/mar/25/popandrock | location=London}}</ref> In February 2006, Hayes appeared in a music video called "United" for [[Youth for Human Rights International]], a human rights group founded by the Church of Scientology-backed non-profit United for Human Rights. 

===Charitable work===
The Isaac Hayes Foundation was founded in 1999 by Hayes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.isaachayes.com/charity/ |title=charity |publisher=Isaac Hayes.com |access-date=September 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713061150/http://www.isaachayes.com/charity/ |archive-date=July 13, 2011 }}</ref> He was also involved in other human rights related groups such as the [[One Campaign]].
Isaac Hayes was crowned a chief in Ghana for his humanitarian work and economic efforts on the country's behalf.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.covingtonleader.com/news/seven-things-to-know-about-the-legendary-isaac-hayes/article_f96ad638-9cd3-11e8-87f4-1f7b26f3618d.html|title=Seven things to know about the legendary Isaac Hayes|last=Day|first=Echo|website=Covingtonleader.com|language=en|access-date=May 28, 2019|archive-date=May 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528162729/http://www.covingtonleader.com/news/seven-things-to-know-about-the-legendary-isaac-hayes/article_f96ad638-9cd3-11e8-87f4-1f7b26f3618d.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Discography==
{{Main|Isaac Hayes discography}}
{{see also|List of songs written by Isaac Hayes}}
* ''[[Presenting Isaac Hayes]]'' (1968)
* ''[[Hot Buttered Soul]]'' (1969)
* ''[[The Isaac Hayes Movement]]'' (1970)
* ''[[...To Be Continued (Isaac Hayes album)|...To Be Continued]]'' (1970)
* ''[[Shaft (Isaac Hayes album)|Shaft]]'' (1971)
* ''[[Black Moses (album)|Black Moses]]'' (1971)
* ''[[Live at the Sahara Tahoe]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Joy (Isaac Hayes album)|Joy]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Chocolate Chip (album)|Chocolate Chip]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Disco Connection]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Groove-A-Thon]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Juicy Fruit (Disco Freak)]]'' (1976)
* ''[[New Horizon (Isaac Hayes album)|New Horizon]]'' (1977)
* ''Hotbed'' (1978)
* ''[[For the Sake of Love]]'' (1978)
* ''[[Don't Let Go (Isaac Hayes album)|Don't Let Go]]'' (1979)
* ''Royal Rappin's'' (1979) (with [[Millie Jackson]])
* ''[[And Once Again (album)|And Once Again]]'' (1980)
* ''[[Lifetime Thing]]'' (1981)
* ''[[U-Turn (Isaac Hayes album)|U-Turn]]'' (1986)
* ''[[Love Attack (album)|Love Attack]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Raw & Refined]]'' (1995)
* ''[[Branded (Isaac Hayes album)|Branded]]'' (1995)

==Collaborations==
'''With [[Otis Redding]]'''
* ''[[Otis Blue: Otis Redding Sings Soul]]'' (Volt, 1965)
* ''[[The Soul Album]]'' (Volt, 1966)
* ''[[Complete & Unbelievable: The Otis Redding Dictionary of Soul]]'' (Volt, 1966)
* ''[[King & Queen]]'' (Stax, 1967)
* ''[[The Dock of the Bay (album)|The Dock of the Bay]]'' (Volt, 1968)
'''With [[Wilson Pickett]]'''
* ''[[The Exciting Wilson Pickett]]'' (Atlantic, 1966)
'''With [[Donald Byrd]] and 125th Street, N.Y.C.'''
* ''[[Love Byrd]]'' (Elektra, 1981)
* ''[[Words, Sounds, Colors and Shapes]]'' (Elektra, 1982)
'''With [[Linda Clifford]]'''
* ''[[I'm Yours (Linda Clifford album)|I'm Yours]]'' (Curtom/RSO, 1980)
'''With [[Albert King]]'''
* ''[[Born Under a Bad Sign]]'' (Stax, 1967)
'''With [[William Bell (singer)|William Bell]]'''
* ''The Soul of a Bell'' (Stax, 1967)
'''With [[Dionne Warwick]]'''
* ''[[No Night So Long]]'' (Arista, 1980)
'''With [[Rufus Thomas]]'''
* ''Do The Funky Chicken'' (Stax, 1970)
'''With [[Eddie Floyd]]'''
* ''[[Knock on Wood (Eddie Floyd album)|Knock on Wood]]'' (Stax, 1967)

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
|rowspan=2|1973
|''[[Wattstax]]''
| rowspan="2" |Himself
|
|-
|''[[Save the Children (film)|Save the Children]]''
|
|-
|rowspan=2|1974
|''[[Three Tough Guys]]''
|Lee
|
|-
|''[[Truck Turner]]''
|Mac "Truck" Turner
|
|-
|1976
|''[[It Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time]]''
|Moriarty
|
|-
|1981
|''[[Escape from New York]]''
|The Duke
|
|-
|1988
|''[[I'm Gonna Git You Sucka]]''
|Hammer
|
|-
|1990
|''[[Fire, Ice and Dynamite]]''
|Hitek Leader/Himself
|Alternative title: ''Feuer, Eis und Dynamit''
|-
|1991
|''[[Guilty as Charged (film)|Guilty as Charged]]''
|Aloysius
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |
|''[[CB4]]''
|Owner
|
|-
|''[[Posse (1993 film)|Posse]]''
|Cable
|
|-
|''[[Robin Hood: Men in Tights]]''
|Asneeze
|
|-
|''[[Acting on Impulse]]''
|Cameo role
|
|-
|1994
|''[[It Could Happen to You (1994 film)|It Could Happen to You]]''
|Angel Dupree
|
|-
|1996
|''[[Flipper (1996 film)|Flipper]]''
|Sheriff Buck Cowan
|
|-
|1997
|''[[Uncle Sam (film)|Uncle Sam]]''
|Jed Crowley
|
|-
|1998
|''[[Blues Brothers 2000]]''
|Member of The Louisiana Gator Boys
|
|-
|1999
|''[[South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut]]''
|Chef (voice)
|
|-
|2000
|''[[Reindeer Games]]''
|Zook
|
|-
|2001
|''[[Dr. Dolittle 2]]''
|Possum (voice)
|
|-
|2003
|''Dream Warrior''
|Zo
|
|-
|2004
|''[[Anonymous Rex (film)|Anonymous Rex]]''
|Elegant Man
|
|-
|2005
|''[[Hustle & Flow]]''
|Arnel
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2008
|''[[Soul Men]]''
|Himself
| rowspan="3" |Released posthumously
|-
||''[[Kill Switch (2008 film)|Kill Switch]]''
|Coroner
|-
|''[[Return to Sleepaway Camp]]''
|Charlie
|}

== Television ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
|-
|1972
|[[Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In|''Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In'']]
|Self
|Episode: "[[John Wayne]]"
|-
|1976–1977
|''[[The Rockford Files]]''
|Gandolph Fitch
|3 episodes
|-
|1985
|''[[The A-Team]]''
|C.J. Mack
|Episode: "The Heart of Rock N' Roll"
|-
|1986
|''[[Hunter (1984 American TV series)|Hunter]]''
|Jerome "Typhoon" Thompson
|Episode: "The Return of Typhoon Thompson"
|-
|1987
|''[[Miami Vice]]''
|Holiday
|Episode: "Child's Play"
|-
|1993
|''[[American Playhouse]]''
|Prophet
|Episode: "Hallelujah"
|-
|1994
|''[[Tales from the Crypt (TV series)|Tales from the Crypt]]''
|Samuel
|Episode: "Revenge is the Nuts"
|-
| rowspan="2" |1995
|''[[The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air]]''
|Minister Hayes
|Episode: "The Wedding Show (Psyche!)"
|-
|''Soul Survivors''
|Vernon Holland
|TV film
|-
| rowspan="2" |1996
|[[The Dana Carvey Show|''The Dana Carvey Show'']]
|Kim
|1 episode (uncredited)
|-
|''[[Sliders (TV series)|Sliders]]''
|The Prime Oracle
|Episode: "Obsession"
|-
|1997–2006
|''[[South Park]]''
|[[Chef (South Park)|Chef]] (voice)
|136 episodes (Seasons 1-9)
|-
| rowspan="2" |1999
|[[Veronica's Closet|''Veronica's Closet'']]
|Himself
|Episode: "Veronica's New Year"
|-
|''[[The Hughleys]]''
|The Man
|2 episodes
|-
| rowspan="2" |2002
|''[[The Education of Max Bickford]]''
|"Night Train" Raymond
|Episode: "Save the Country"
|-
|''[[Fastlane (TV series)|Fastlane]]''
|Detective Marcus
|Pilot
|-
| rowspan="2" |2003
|''[[Book of Days (film)|Book of Days]]''
|Jonah
|TV film
|-
|''[[Girlfriends (U.S. TV series)|Girlfriends]]''
|Eugene Childs
|2 episodes
|-
|2005-2006
|''[[Stargate SG-1]]''
|Tolok/Teal'c PI Announcer
|4 episodes
|-
|2005
|''[[The Bernie Mac Show]]''
| rowspan="2" |Himself
|Episode: "The Music Mac"
|-
|2006
|''[[That '70s Show]]''
|Episode: "Spread Your Wings"
|}

== Video Games ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
|-
|1998
|''[[South Park (video game)|South Park]]''
| rowspan="4" |Chef
|
|-
|1999
|''[[South Park: Chef's Luv Shack]]''
|
|-
|2000
|''[[South Park Rally]]''
|
|-
|2014
|''[[South Park: The Stick of Truth]]''
|Archival Recordings
|}

== Music Videos ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Title
!Artist
|-
|1995
|"[[Temptations (song)|Temptations]]"
|[[Tupac Shakur]]
|}

==Awards and nominations==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Award
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[44th Academy Awards|1971]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Academy Awards]]
| [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Dramatic Score]]
| ''[[Shaft (1971 film)|Shaft]]''
| {{nom}}
| align="center" rowspan="2"| <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1972 |title=The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] |access-date=August 26, 2011}}</ref>
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Song – Original for the Picture]]
| "[[Theme from Shaft|Theme from ''Shaft'']]" {{small|(from ''Shaft'')}}
| {{won}}
|-
| [[American Music Awards of 1979|1978]]
| [[American Music Awards]]
| colspan="2"| Favorite Disco Male Artist
| {{won}}
| align="center"| <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theamas.com/winners-database/?winnerKeyword=&winnerYear=1979 |title=American Music Awards – Winner Database (1979) |publisher=[[American Music Awards]] |access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
|-
| 1997
| [[BMI Film & TV Awards]]
| BMI TV Music Award
| ''[[Soul Man (TV series)|Soul Man]]'' {{small|(shared with [[David Porter (musician)|David Porter]])}}
| {{won}}
| align="center"| 
|-
| [[25th British Academy Film Awards|1971]]
| [[British Academy Film Awards]]
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Original Music|Anthony Asquith Memorial Award]]
| rowspan="2"| ''Shaft''
| {{nom}}
| align="center"| <ref>{{cite web |url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1972/film |title=BAFTA Awards: Film in 1972 |publisher=[[British Academy Film Awards]] |access-date=September 16, 2016}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[29th Golden Globe Awards|1971]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Golden Globe Awards]]
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score – Motion Picture]]
| {{won}}
| align="center" rowspan="2"| <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/person/isaac-hayes |title=Isaac Hayes |publisher=[[Golden Globe Awards]] |access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song – Motion Picture]]
| "Theme from ''Shaft''" {{small|(from ''Shaft'')}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[10th Annual Grammy Awards|1968]]
| rowspan="13"| [[Grammy Awards]]
| [[Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance|Best Rhythm & Blues Recording]]
| "[[Soul Man (song)|Soul Man]]" {{small|(shared with [[Sam & Dave]])}}
| {{nom}}
| align="center" rowspan="13"| <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/isaac-hayes/10778 |title=Isaac Hayes |publisher=[[Grammy Awards]] |access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="7"| [[14th Annual Grammy Awards|1972]]
| [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]]
| ''[[Shaft (Isaac Hayes album)|Shaft]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Record of the Year|Record of the Year]]
| "Theme from ''Shaft''"
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance|Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male]]
| "[[Never Can Say Goodbye]]"
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals|Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Group]]
| "Theme from ''Shaft''" (Instrumental)
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Best Arrangement, Instrumental or A Cappella|Best Instrumental Arrangement]]
| "Theme from ''Shaft''" <br> {{small|(shared with [[Johnny Allen (arranger)|Johnny Allen]])}}
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition|Best Instrumental Composition]]
| "Theme from ''Shaft''"
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media|Best Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or a Television Special]]
| ''Shaft''
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[15th Annual Grammy Awards|1973]]
| [[Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance by an Arranger, Composer, Orchestra and/or Choral Leader|Best Pop Instrumental Performance by an Arranger, Composer, Orchestra and/or Choral Leader]]
| ''[[Black Moses (album)|Black Moses]]''
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Best R&B Instrumental Performance|Best R&B Instrumental Performance]]
| "[[Let's Stay Together (Al Green song)|Let's Stay Together]]"
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[18th Annual Grammy Awards|1976]]
| rowspan="2"| Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male
| "Chocolate Chip"
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[22nd Annual Grammy Awards|1980]]
| "Don't Let Go"
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Best R&B Song|Best Rhythm & Blues Song]]
| "[[Déjà Vu (Dionne Warwick song)|Déjà Vu]]" {{small|(shared with [[Adrienne Anderson]])}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| 1998
| [[NAACP Image Awards]]
| [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series|Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series]]
| ''[[South Park]]''
| {{nom}}
| align="center"| 
|-
| 2021
| Online Film & Television Association Awards
| Film Hall of Fame: Scores
| ''Shaft'' {{small|(shared with [[J. J. Johnson]])}}
| {{won|Inducted}}
| align="center"| <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oftaawards.com/film-hall-of-fame/film-hall-of-fame-scores/ |title=Film Hall of Fame: Scores |publisher=Online Film & Television Association |access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
|-
| [[12th Screen Actors Guild Awards|2005]]
| [[Screen Actors Guild Awards]]
| [[Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture|Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture]]
| ''[[Hustle & Flow]]'' {{small|(shared with the cast)}}
| {{nom}}
| align="center"| <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/12th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |title=The 12th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards |publisher=[[Screen Actors Guild Awards]] |access-date=May 21, 2016}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |first=Rob |last=Bowman |year=1997 |title=Soulsville U.S.A.: The Story of Stax Records |url=https://archive.org/details/soulsvilleusasto00bowm |location=New York |publisher=Schirmer Trade|isbn=978-0-8256-7284-2|oclc=36824884}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=XLdsRwpZ9oYC Google Books].

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.isaachayes.com/ IsaacHayes.com]
* {{IMDb name|0005002}}

{{Isaac Hayes}}
{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Isaac Hayes
|list = 
{{AcademyAwardBestOriginalSong 1971–1980}}
{{Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score}}
{{Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media}}
{{Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Song}}
{{2002 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}
}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hayes, Isaac}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:2008 deaths]]
[[Category:Male actors from Tennessee]]
[[Category:African-American male singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:American male singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:American Basketball Association executives]]
[[Category:American funk keyboardists]]
[[Category:American funk singers]]
[[Category:American male film actors]]
[[Category:American male television actors]]
[[Category:American male video game actors]]
[[Category:American male voice actors]]
[[Category:American male organists]]
[[Category:American rhythm and blues keyboardists]]
[[Category:American rhythm and blues singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:American Scientologists]]
[[Category:American session musicians]]
[[Category:American soul keyboardists]]
[[Category:American soul singers]]
[[Category:Best Original Song Academy Award–winning songwriters]]
[[Category:Golden Globe Award–winning musicians]]
[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]
[[Category:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners]]
[[Category:Memphis Sounds executives]]
[[Category:People from Covington, Tennessee]]
[[Category:Psychedelic soul musicians]]
[[Category:Progressive soul musicians]]
[[Category:Singer-songwriters from Tennessee]]
[[Category:Stax Records artists]]
[[Category:ABC Records artists]]
[[Category:Columbia Records artists]]
[[Category:Enterprise Records artists]]
[[Category:Polydor Records artists]]
[[Category:Virgin Records artists]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American male actors]]
[[Category:20th-century American male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century American male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century American keyboardists]]
[[Category:20th-century American keyboardists]]
[[Category:Burials at Memorial Park Cemetery (Memphis, Tennessee)]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American male singers]]
[[Category:21st-century American male singers]]
[[Category:Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee]]
[[Category:African-American film score composers]]
[[Category:American disco singers]]