Editing Iraan, Texas

{{distinguish|Iran}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Iraan, Texas
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| nickname           = 
| motto              = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline      = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = <!-- Maps -->
| image_map          = TXMap-doton-Iraan.PNG
| map_caption        = Location of Iraan, Texas
| image_map1         = Pecos County Iraan.svg
| map_caption1       = <!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Pecos County, Texas|Pecos]]

<!-- Government -->| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = <!-- Area -->
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 1.60
| area_land_km2      = 1.60
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi   = 0.62
| area_land_sq_mi    = 0.62
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 1055
| population_density_sq_mi = 1702
| population_density_km2 = 659

<!-- General information -->| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 677
| elevation_ft       = 2221
| coordinates        = {{coord|30|54|49|N|101|53|55|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 79744
| area_code          = [[Area code 432|432]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 48-36128<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 1360022<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}

'''Iraan''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|aɪ|r|ə|ˈ|æ|n}} {{respell|EYE|rə|AN}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.texastripper.com/pronounce/locations-h-i.html|title=How to Pronounce: H-I Cities|work=TexasTripper.com Texas Travel Guide}}</ref> is a city in [[Pecos County, Texas]], United States. Its population was 1,055 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]]. The city's name is an amalgamation of the first names of Ira and Ann Yates, owners of the ranch land upon which the town was built.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2020/08/09/from-bug-tussle-to-tarzan-here-are-40-of-the-oddest-texas-town-names-and-the-stories-behind-them/ | title=From Bug Tussle to Tarzan, here are 40 of the oddest Texas town names | publisher=Click2Houston | access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref>

==History==

Iraan was an oil boom town, and it developed quickly after the discovery of the gigantic [[Yates Oil Field]], which is adjacent to the town on the southwest.  The oil field was discovered in 1926, and the first buildings in town were basic housing and infrastructure for workers on the field, all built by the Big Lake Oil Company, which became Plymouth Oil Company, which was purchased by the [[Ohio Oil Company]], then purchased by [[Marathon Oil Company]], and owned today by [[Kinder Morgan]].  By 1927, the town included a school, and the post office appeared in 1928.  The population of the town in 1930 was about 1,600.<ref name="tshaonline.org">{{cite web|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hji02|title=- Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)|work=tshaonline.org}}</ref>  About 3&nbsp;mi (5&nbsp;km) south of Iraan was the oil boomtown of Redbarn, which appeared almost immediately after discovery of the oil field, before Iraan itself.  It was a collection of tents and shanties in the immediate vicinity of Ira Yates's ranch. Yates donated {{convert|152|acre|km2}} of his ranch to the town of Iraan to encourage further development there, and in 1952, the town of Redbarn, which never had a permanent population of more than 75, was finally abandoned.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hvr21|title=- Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)|work=tshaonline.org}}</ref>

One of Iraan's most famous residents was [[V.T. Hamlin]], the creator of the comic strip ''[[Alley Oop]]''.  Originally from Iowa, he worked in Iraan during the oil boom period of the late 1920s, and he either got the idea for the strip or created its earliest drafts there; the strip was first published in 1932 in Des Moines.  He moved back to Iowa in 1929 and later to Florida.  A park in Iraan is named after the strip.<ref name="tshaonline.org"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.texasescapes.com/CFEckhardt/Alley-Oop-is-a-Texan.htm|title=Alley Oop is a Texan?.|work=texasescapes.com}}</ref>

In 2021, Jason Rybolt, the CEO of Iraan General Hospital, stated that Iraan had a 42% positivity rate of [[COVID-19]]. Rosa Flores and Ashley Killough of [[CNN]] described the town as being hard hit by the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Texas]] in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Flores|first1=Rosa|last2=Killough|first2=Ashley|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/08/23/us/texas-town-covid-outbreak/index.html|title=So many people in this Texas town got Covid-19 that the school district shut down and then the city essentially closed|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=2021-08-23|accessdate=2021-08-23}}</ref>

==Geography==

Iraan is located at {{coord|30|54|49|N|101|53|55|W|type:city}} (30.913511, –101.898614).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.6|sqmi|km2}}, all land. [[Texas State Highway 349|State Highway 349]] and [[U.S. Route 190 in Texas|U.S. Highway 190]] converge at Iraan. The [[Pecos River]] loops around the town to the north and east. Iraan is the second largest town in the second largest county in the second largest state in the United States, which is the second largest country in North America.

===Climate===

According to the [[Köppen climate classification]] system, Iraan has a [[semiarid climate]], ''BSk'' on climate maps.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=707514&cityname=Iraan%2C+Texas%2C+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Iraan, Texas Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|work=Weatherbase}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1960= 1255
|1970= 996
|1980= 1358
|1990= 1322
|2000= 1238
|2010= 1229
|2020= 1055
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Iraan racial composition'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4836128&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br /> (''NH = Non-Hispanic''){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>https://www.census.gov/ {{nonspecific|date=August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|366
|34.69%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|1
|0.09%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|6
|0.57%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|10
|0.95%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|17
|1.61%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|655
|62.09%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''1,055'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 1,055 people, 384 households, and 291 families residing in the city.

===2000 census===
At the 2000 [[census]],<ref name="GR2" />  1,238 people, 427 households, and 335 families resided in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,234|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 542 housing units averaged 978.2 per square mile (380.5/km{{sup|2}}). The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 92.00% White, 0.08% African American, 0.08% Native American, 6.22% from other races, and 1.62% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 36.51% of the population.

Of the 427 households, 45.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were not families. About 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.37.

Age distribution was 32.5% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.0 males.

The [[median household income]] was $44,583, and median family income was $48,207. Males had a median income of $40,345 versus $22,396 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,589. About 5.0% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 9.3% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
Public education in the city of Iraan is provided by the [[Iraan-Sheffield Independent School District]].

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{notelist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.iraantx.com/ Iraan-Sheffield Chamber of Commerce]
* [https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hji02 Handbook of Texas online]

{{Pecos County, Texas}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Pecos County, Texas]]
[[Category:1920s establishments in Texas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 1920s]]