Editing Iphis (mythology)

{{Other uses|Iphis (disambiguation)}}

'''Iphis''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|aɪ|f|ɪ|s}} {{respell|EYE|fis}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|f|ɪ|s}} {{respell|IF|iss}}; {{langx|grc|Ἶφις}} {{IPA|el|íi.pʰis|}}) was a name attributed to the following individuals in [[Greek mythology]].

The feminine name '''Iphis''' (Ἶφις ''Îphis'', [[genitive case|gen.]] Ἴφιδος ''Ī́phidos'') refers to the following personages.
*[[Iphis (Cretan)|Iphis]], daughter of [[Ligdus (mythology)|Ligdus]] and [[Telethusa]]. Iphis was raised male and eventually transformed into a man by the goddess [[Isis]] in order to marry [[Ianthe (mythology)|Ianthe]], daughter of [[Telestes (mythology)|Telestes]].<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Ov.+Met.+9.666&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 9.666–797]</ref>
* Iphis, as recounted in [[Homer]]'s ''[[Iliad]]'', was the slave of [[Patroclus]], [[Achilles]]' companion-in-arms. A native of [[Scyros]], she had been enslaved by Achilles when the latter conquered her home island, and given by him to Patroclus.<ref>[[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+9.667&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 9.667]</ref> Pausanias describes a painting of Iphis, [[Diomede]] and [[Briseis]] admiring [[Helen of Troy|Helen]]'s beauty as the latter has been brought back to the Greek camp from the sacked [[Troy]].<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+10.25.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 10.25.4]</ref>
* Iphis, a [[Thespiae|Thespian]] princess as one of the 50 daughters of King [[Thespius]] and [[Megamede]]<ref name=":022">[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.4.10&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=daughters 2.4.10]; [[John Tzetzes|Tzetzes]], ''Chiliades'' 2.222</ref> or by one of his many wives.<ref name=":12">[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#29.2 4.29.2]</ref> When Heracles hunted and ultimately slayed the [[Lion of Cithaeron|Cithaeronian lion]],<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.4.9&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Thespius 2.4.9]</ref> Iphis with her other sisters, except for one,<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.27.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=daughters 9.27.6]; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#29.3 4.29.3], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#note51 f.n. 51]</ref> all laid with the hero in a night,<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.27.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=daughters 9.27.6]–[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.27.7&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=daughters 7]; Gregorius Nazianzenus, ''Orat.'' IV, ''Contra Julianum'' I (Migne ''S. Gr.'' 35.661)</ref> a week<ref>[[Athenaeus]], 13.4 with [[Herodorus]] as the authority; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#29.3 4.29.3], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#note51 f.n. 51]</ref> or for 50 days<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.4.10&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=daughters 2.4.10]; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#29.3 4.29.3]; Tzetzes, ''Chiliades'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades2.html 2.224]</ref> as what their father strongly desired it to be.<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.4.10&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=daughters 2.4.10]; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#29.3 4.29.3]</ref> Iphis bore [[Heracles]] a son, [[Celeustanor]].<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.7.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 2.7.8]</ref>
* Iphis, daughter of [[Peneus]], mother of [[Salmoneus]] by [[Aeolus (son of Hellen)|Aeolus]], the son of [[Hellen]].<ref>[[Hellanicus of Lesbos|Hellanicus]] in [[scholia]] on [[Plato]], ''[[Symposium (Plato)|Symposium]]'' 208 (p. 376)</ref>
* Iphis, variant for [[Iphigenia]] or [[Iphianassa]].<ref>Tzetzes ad [[Lycophron]], [https://topostext.org/work/860#323 323]–[https://topostext.org/work/860#324 324]; ''[[Etymologicum Magnum]]'' s.v. ''Amphis''</ref>{{AI-generated source|date=November 2024}}

The masculine name Iphis (Ἶφις ''Îphis'', [[genitive case|gen.]] Ἴφιος ''Ī́phios'') refers to the following personages.
* Iphis, in [[Ovid|Ovid's]] ''[[Metamorphoses]],''  was a [[Cyprus|Cypriot]] shepherd who loved a woman named [[Anaxarete]]. Anaxarete scorned him and Iphis killed himself in despair. Because Anaxarete was still unmoved, [[Aphrodite]] changed her to stone.<ref>Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Ov.+Met.+14.698&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 14.698 ff.]</ref> In a different variant they are called [[Arceophon]] and [[Arsinoë of Cyprus|Arsinoë]].
* Iphis, son of [[Alector]], was one of the kings in [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]]. [[Polynices]] came to him for advice on how to get [[Amphiaraus]] to join the [[Seven against Thebes]]. He advised him to give [[Eriphyle]] the necklace of [[Harmonia (mythology)|Harmonia]].  He was the father of [[Eteoclus]], [[Evadne]] (wife  of [[Capaneus]])<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.6.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 3.6.2]; [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.6.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 3.6.3] & [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.7.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 3.7.1]</ref> and [[Laodice (Greek myth)|Laodice]] (mother of Capaneus).<ref>Scholia ad [[Euripides]], ''[[The Phoenician Women|Phoenissae]]'' [https://archive.org/details/scholiaineuripi00schwgoog/page/274/mode/1up?view=theater 180]; ad [[Pindar]], ''Nemean Ode'' 9.30</ref> He left his kingdom to his grandson [[Sthenelus]], the son of his son-in-law [[Capaneus]].<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.2.18.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 2.18.5]</ref>
* Iphis or [[Iphitos|Iphitus]],<ref>Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4C*.html#48.4 4.48.4]</ref> one of the [[Argonauts]], son of [[Sthenelus]] and brother of [[Eurystheus]], from [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]]. He was killed in battle in [[Colchis]] by [[Aeetes]].<ref>Scholia ad [[Apollonius Rhodius]], 4.223 & 228; [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus|Valerius Flaccus]], [https://www.theoi.com/Text/ValeriusFlaccus1.html 1.41] & [http://www.theoi.com/Text/ValeriusFlaccus7.html 7.407]</ref>
* Iphis, one of the defenders of [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]] in the war of the [[Seven against Thebes]]. He was killed by [[Acamas]].<ref>[[Statius]], ''[[Thebaid (Latin poem)|Thebaid]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/149 8.445]</ref>
* Iphis, father of Ligdus (see [[#Daughter of Ligdus|above]]).<ref>Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Ov.+Met.+9.709&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphis 9.709]</ref>

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 title=[[King of Argos]]|
 before=[[Alector]]|
 after=[[Sthenelus]]|
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==Notes==
{{reflist}}

== References ==

* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
* [[Athenaeus|Athenaeus of Naucratis]], ''The Deipnosophists or Banquet of the Learned.'' London. Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden. 1854. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2013.01.0003 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* Athenaeus of Naucratis, ''Deipnosophistae''. Kaibel. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Lipsiae. 1887. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2013.01.0001 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Diodorus Siculus]], ''The Library of History'' translated by [[Charles Henry Oldfather]]. Twelve volumes. [[Loeb Classical Library]]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site]
* Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2''. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888-1890. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0540 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus]], ''Argonautica'' translated by Mozley, J H. Loeb Classical Library Volume 286. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. [http://www.theoi.com/Text/ValeriusFlaccus1.html Online version at theio.com.]
* Gaius Valerius Flaccus, ''Argonauticon.'' Otto Kramer. Leipzig. Teubner. 1913. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2007.01.0058 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* [[Homer]], [[Iliad|''The Iliad'']] with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. {{ISBN|978-0674995796|}}. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0134 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* Homer, ''Homeri Opera'' in five volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1920. {{ISBN|978-0198145318|}}. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0133 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. {{ISBN|0-674-99328-4}}. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0160 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library]
* Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.  [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0159 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Statius|Publius Papinius Statius]]'', The Thebaid'' translated by John Henry Mozley. Loeb Classical Library Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. [https://topostext.org/work/149 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* Publius Papinius Statius, ''The Thebaid. Vol I-II''. John Henry Mozley. London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1928. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0498 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* [[John Tzetzes|Tzetzes, John]], ''Book of Histories,'' Book II-IV translated by Gary Berkowitz from the original Greek of T. Kiessling's edition of 1826. [http://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades2.html Online version at theio.com]

{{Greek mythology index}}

[[Category:Princesses in Greek mythology]]
[[Category:Women of Heracles]]
[[Category:Argonauts]]
[[Category:Shepherds]]
[[Category:Kings of Argos]]
[[Category:Kings in Greek mythology]]
[[Category:Mythological Cypriots]]