Editing Innsbruck

{{short description|Capital city of Tyrol, Austria}}
{{For|places with similar names|Innsbrook (disambiguation){{!}}Innsbrook}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Innsbruck
| native_name        = {{native name|bar|Innschbruck}}
| settlement_type    = [[Statutory city (Austria)|Statutory city]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage|position=center
   | photo3b = Austria-01454 - Wilten Abbey (21402649823).jpg
   | photo3a = Innsbruck - panoramio (45).jpg
   | photo2a  = Panorama insbruck4.jpg
   | photo3c = Schloss Ambras - panoramio (2).jpg
   | photo4a = Innsbruck - Altes Landhaus (Tiroler Landtag)1 (cropped).jpg
   | photo1a = Bürgerstraße 26+24 (BT0A2830).jpg
   | photo1b = Conradstraße 12 (IMG 0688).jpg
   | size = 270
   | spacing = 2
   | color = #FFFFFF
   | border = 0
   | foot_montage = From top, left to right: Bürgerstraße, Conradstraße, view of Innsbruck, ''[[St. Anne's Column]]'' in Maria-Theresien-Straße, Stift Wilten, [[Ambras Castle]], Altes Landhaus}}
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = Banner Innsbruck.svg
| image_shield       = AT Innsbruck COA.svg
| shield_size        = 80x110px
| shield_link        = 
| pushpin_map        = Austria Tyrol#Austria
| pushpin_mapsize    = 270
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Austria
| map_caption        = Location within Statutarstadt district
| coordinates        = {{coord|47|16|06|N|11|23|36|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = [[Austria]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Provinces of Austria|Federal state]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Tyrol (federal state)|Tyrol]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[District (Austria)|District]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Statutory city (Austria)|Statutory city]]
| leader_title       = [[Burgomaster|Mayor]]
| leader_name        = Johannes Anzengruber
| leader_party       = 
| area_footnotes     = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_footnotes}}
| area_total_km2     = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_total_km2}}
| area_metro_km2     = 
| elevation_m        = 574
| elevation_max_m    = 
| elevation_min_m    = 
| population_as_of   = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_total   = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_urban   = 
| population_metro   = 228,583
| population_demonym = Innsbrucker (m.) <br/> Innsbruckerin (f.) ([[German language|de]])
| population_note    = 
| population_density_km2 = auto
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| timezone           = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| timezone_DST       = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset         = +1
| utc_offset_DST     = +2
| registration_plate = [[Vehicle registration plates of Austria|I]]
| postal_code_type   = [[List of postal codes in Austria|Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 6010–6080
| area_code_type     = [[Telephone numbers in Austria|Area code]]
| area_code          = 0512
| website            = [http://innsbruck.at/ innsbruck.at]
| footnotes          = 
}}
'''Innsbruck''' ({{IPA|de|ˈɪnsbʁʊk|lang|De-Innsbruck.ogg}}; {{langx|bar|Innschbruck|label=[[Bavarian language|Austro-Bavarian]]}} {{IPA|bar|ˈɪnʃprʊk|}}) is the capital of [[Tyrol (federal state)|Tyrol]] and the [[List of cities and towns in Austria|fifth-largest city]] in [[Austria]]. On the [[Inn (river)|River Inn]], at its junction with the [[Wipptal|Wipp Valley]], which provides access to the [[Brenner Pass]] {{convert|30|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} to the south, it had a population of 132,493 in 2018.

In the broad valley between high mountains, the so-called North Chain in the [[Karwendel Alps]] ([[Hafelekarspitze]], {{Convert|2334|m|ft|0|disp=or}}) to the north and [[Patscherkofel]] ({{Convert|2246|m|ft|0|disp=or |abbr=on}}) and [[Serles]] ({{Convert|2718|m|ft|0|disp=or |abbr=on}}) to the south, Innsbruck is an internationally renowned [[winter sports]] centre; it hosted the [[1964 Winter Olympics|1964]] and [[1976 Winter Olympics]] as well as the [[1984 Winter Paralympics|1984]] and [[1988 Winter Paralympics]]. It also hosted the first [[2012 Winter Youth Olympics|Winter Youth Olympics]] in 2012 and is going to host the 2027 [[Winter Deaflympics]].

The name means "bridge over the Inn".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/austria/tirol/innsbruck/history|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130918142958/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/austria/tirol/innsbruck/history|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 September 2013|title=History of Innsbruck – Lonely Planet Travel Information|first=Lonely|last=Planet|website=lonelyplanet.com}}</ref>

== History ==
===Antiquity===
The earliest traces suggest initial inhabitation in the early [[Stone Age]]. Surviving [[Ancient Rome|pre-Roman]] place names show that the area has been populated continuously. In the 4th century the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] established the army station Veldidena (the name survives in today's urban district Wilten) at '''Oenipons''' (Innsbruck), to protect the economically important commercial road from [[Verona]]-[[Brenner, South Tyrol|Brenner]]-[[Augsburg]] in their province of [[Raetia]].

The first mention of Innsbruck dates back to the name ''Oeni Pontum'' or ''Oeni Pons'' which is [[Latin]] for bridge (pons) over the Inn (Oenus), which was an important crossing point over the Inn river. The Counts of [[County of Andechs|Andechs]] acquired the town in 1180.<ref> {{citation|surname1=Martin Bitschnau, Hannes Obermair|title=Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Abteilung: Die Urkunden zur Geschichte des Inn-, Eisack- und Pustertals. Vol. 2: 1140–1200|publisher=Universitätsverlag Wagner|publication-place=Innsbruck |at=pp.&nbsp;281ff, no. 758|isbn=978-3-7030-0485-8|date=2012|language=German
}}</ref> In 1248 the town passed into the hands of the [[County of Tyrol|Counts of Tyrol]].<ref>Chizzali. ''Tyrol: Impressions of Tyrol''. (Innsbruck: Alpina Printers and Publishers), p. 5.</ref> The city's arms show a bird's-eye view of the Inn bridge, a design used since 1267. The route over the [[Brenner Pass]] was then a major transport and communications link between the north and the south of Europe, and the easiest route across the [[Alps]]. It was part of the [[Via Imperii]], a medieval imperial road under special protection of the king. The revenues generated by serving as a transit station on this route enabled the city to flourish.

===Early history===
[[File:Albrecht Dürer - View of Innsbruck - WGA7356.jpg|thumb|left|''View of Innsbruck'' by [[Albrecht Dürer]], 1495 (from the north)]]
Innsbruck became the capital of all Tyrol in 1429 and in the 15th century the city became a centre of European politics and culture as Emperor [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I]] also resided in Innsbruck in the 1490s. The city benefited from the emperor's presence as can be seen for example in the [[Hofkirche, Innsbruck|Hofkirche]]. Here a funeral monument for Maximilian was planned and erected partly by his successors. The ensemble with a [[cenotaph]] and the bronze statues of real and mythical ancestors of the [[Habsburg|Habsburg emperor]] are one of the main artistic monuments of Innsbruck.{{cn|date=May 2025}} A regular postal service between Innsbruck and [[Mechelen]] was established in 1490 by the [[Thurn-und-Taxis-Post]].

[[File:Schloß Ambras (Merian).jpg|thumb|[[Ambras Castle]], 1679]]
In 1564 [[Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria]] received the rulership over [[Tyrol]] and other [[Further Austria]]n possessions administered from Innsbruck up to the 18th century. He had [[Schloss Ambras]] built and arranged there his unique Renaissance collections nowadays mainly part of Vienna's [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]]. Up to 1665 a [[wikt:stirps#Noun|stirps]] of the Habsburg dynasty ruled in Innsbruck with an independent court. In the 1620s the first opera house north of the Alps was erected in Innsbruck (Dogana).

The university was founded in 1669. Also as a compensation for the court as Emperor [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold I]] again reigned from Vienna and the Tyrolean stirps of the Habsburg dynasty had ended in 1665.{{clarify|date=July 2015}}

[[File:Combat du Bergisel.jpg|thumb|left|''Victory of Andreas Hofer at Bergisel'', by [[Franz Defregger]]]]
During the [[Napoleonic Wars]] Tyrol was ceded to [[Bavaria]], ally of France. [[Andreas Hofer]] led a Tyrolean peasant army to victory in the [[Battles of Bergisel]] against the combined Bavarian and French forces, and then made Innsbruck the centre of his administration. The combined army later overran the Tyrolean [[militia]] army, Hofer was [[Executed by firing squad|fusilladed]] for his role and became a [[martyr]] for the locals, his remains were returned to Innsbruck in 1823 and interred in the Franciscan church.

[[File:Gustav Wilhelm Kraus Innsbruck 19Jh.jpg|thumb|View of Innsbruck in the 19th century]]
Afterwards, until 1814 Innsbruck was part of Bavaria. The [[Vienna Congress]] restored the Austrian rule over the city. Innsbruck played a part during the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire|revolution of 1848 in Austria]]. In May of that year, riots in Vienna made Emperor [[Ferdinand I of Austria|Ferdinand]] to move the seat of government temporarily to the city. It remained part of the [[Austrian monarchy]] (Austria side after the [[compromise of 1867]]) as one of the 4 autonomous towns in [[County of Tyrol|Tyrol]], the centre of the identically named district, one of the 21 ''[[Bezirkshauptmannschaften]]''.<ref>Wilhelm Klein (1967), ''Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890''.</ref>

During World War I, the only recorded action taking place in Innsbruck was near the end of the war. On 20 February 1918, Allied planes flying out of Italy raided Innsbruck, causing casualties among the Austrian troops there. No damage to the town is recorded.<ref>Reynolds, Churchill, et al. ''The Story of the Great War'', vol. 14. (New York: Collier and Son, 1919)</ref> In November 1918 Innsbruck and all Tyrol were occupied by the 20 to 22 thousand soldiers of the [[III Army Corps (Italy)|III Corps of the First Italian Army]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.agiati.it/UploadDocs/12255_Art_20_di_michele.pdf |title=Trento, Bolzano e Innsbruck: l'occupazione militare italiana del tirolo (1918–1920) |access-date=22 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822222302/http://www.agiati.it/UploadDocs/12255_Art_20_di_michele.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1929, the first official [[Austrian Chess Championship]] was held in Innsbruck.

===Annexation and World War II===
{{Main|Bombing of Innsbruck in World War II}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1985-083-11, Anschluss Österreich, Innsbruck.jpg|thumb|Some residents of Innsbruck welcomed the German troops after the ''[[Anschluss]]'' on 13 March 1938]]
In 1938 Austria was annexed by [[Nazi Germany]] in the ''[[Anschluss]]''. During [[World War II]], Innsbruck was the location of two subcamps of the [[Dachau concentration camp]], including a special camp for prominent people from 16 countries and their families, who were held as hostages, including former [[Prime Minister of France]] [[Léon Blum]], former [[regent of Hungary]] [[Miklós Horthy]], former Chancellor of Austria [[Kurt Schuschnigg]], Italian general [[Giuseppe Garibaldi II]] and a nephew of [[Winston Churchill]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Megargee|first=Geoffrey P.|year=2009|title=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I|publisher=Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|pages=484–485|isbn=978-0-253-35328-3}}</ref> Between 1943 and April 1945, Innsbruck experienced twenty-two [[strategic bombing during World War II|air raids]] and suffered heavy damage.

===Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino===
In 1996, the European Union approved further cultural and economic integration between the Austrian province of [[Tyrol (federal state)|Tyrol]] and the Italian autonomous provinces of [[South Tyrol]] and [[Trentino]] by recognizing the creation of the [[Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino]].

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===
Innsbruck has a [[humid continental]] climate ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb'') using {{convert|0|C}} isotherm or [[oceanic climate]] (''Cfb'') using the original {{convert|-3|C}} isotherm<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.innsbruck.climatemps.com/|title=Innsbruck Climate & Temperature|website=innsbruck.climatemps.com}}</ref> since it has larger annual temperature differences than most of Central Europe due to its location in the centre of the Continent and its position around mountainous terrains. Winters are often very cold (colder than those of most major European cities) and snowy, although the [[foehn wind]] sometimes brings pronounced thaws.

Spring is brief; days start to get warm, often over {{convert|15|°C|°F}}, but nights remain cool or even freezing.

Summer is highly variable and unpredictable. Days can be cool {{convert|17|°C|°F}} and rainy, or sunny and extremely hot, sometimes hitting {{convert|34|°C|°F}}. In summer, as expected for an alpine-influenced climate, the [[diurnal temperature variation]] is often very high as nights usually remain cool, being {{convert|12|°C|°F}} on average, but sometimes dipping as low as {{convert|6|°C|°F}}.

The average annual temperature is {{convert|9|°C|°F}}.
{{Weather box
|location = Innsbruck-Flugplatz (1991–2020)
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|collapsed =
|Jan record high C = 20.3
|Feb record high C = 20.6
|Mar record high C = 24.3
|Apr record high C = 28.8
|May record high C = 32.3
|Jun record high C = 37.2
|Jul record high C = 37.0
|Aug record high C = 36.5
|Sep record high C = 31.5
|Oct record high C = 25.9
|Nov record high C = 21.7
|Dec record high C = 16.1
|year record high C = 
|Jan high C = 3.9
|Feb high C = 7.2
|Mar high C = 11.7
|Apr high C = 16.5
|May high C = 20.2
|Jun high C = 24.0
|Jul high C = 24.7
|Aug high C = 24.3
|Sep high C = 20.6
|Oct high C = 15.5
|Nov high C = 9.3
|Dec high C = 4.1
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = -0.4
|Feb mean C = 1.6
|Mar mean C = 6.2
|Apr mean C = 10.3
|May mean C = 14.7
|Jun mean C = 18.0
|Jul mean C = 19.5
|Aug mean C = 19.2
|Sep mean C = 15.1
|Oct mean C = 10.7
|Nov mean C = 4.8
|Dec mean C = 0.3
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = -4.5
|Feb low C = -3.6
|Mar low C = 0.4
|Apr low C = 4.2
|May low C = 8.2
|Jun low C = 12.0
|Jul low C = 13.1
|Aug low C = 13.0
|Sep low C = 9.6
|Oct low C = 5.2
|Nov low C = 0.5
|Dec low C = -3.4
|year low C = 
|Jan record low C = -17.4
|Feb record low C = -18.4
|Mar record low C = -16.5
|Apr record low C = -9.6
|May record low C = -1.0
|Jun record low C = 3.0
|Jul record low C = 6.0
|Aug record low C = 1.9
|Sep record low C = -0.9
|Oct record low C = -6.6
|Nov record low C = -11.7
|Dec record low C = -18.3
|year record low C = -

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 46.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 36.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 54.1
|Apr precipitation mm = 54.5
|May precipitation mm = 85.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 114.2
|Jul precipitation mm = 121.4
|Aug precipitation mm = 134.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 83.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 67.9
|Nov precipitation mm = 59.1
|Dec precipitation mm = 54.8
|year precipitation mm = 
| unit precipitation days =  1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days  =7.9
| Feb precipitation days  =7.4
| Mar precipitation days  =8.5
| Apr precipitation days  =8.9
| May precipitation days  =11.6
| Jun precipitation days  =13.2
| Jul precipitation days  =13.6
| Aug precipitation days  =13
| Sep precipitation days  =9.5
| Oct precipitation days  =8.5
| Nov precipitation days  =8.1
| Dec precipitation days  =8.5
| year precipitation days =

|source = [[NCEI|NOAA NCEI]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Austria/CSV/Innsbruck_Flugplatz_11120.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Innsbruck-11120 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |no-pp=y |format=CSV}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box
|location = Innsbruck University (1981–2010, extremes 1777–present)
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 19.8
|Feb record high C = 20.6
|Mar record high C = 24.8
|Apr record high C = 28.7
|May record high C = 33.7
|Jun record high C = 37.3
|Jul record high C = 37.4
|Aug record high C = 37.4
|Sep record high C = 31.7
|Oct record high C = 26.0
|Nov record high C = 23.0
|Dec record high C = 17.9
|year record high C = 37.4
|Jan high C = 3.6
|Feb high C = 6.4
|Mar high C = 11.8
|Apr high C = 16.3
|May high C = 21.4
|Jun high C = 23.8
|Jul high C = 26.0
|Aug high C = 25.1
|Sep high C = 20.8
|Oct high C = 16.0
|Nov high C = 8.6
|Dec high C = 3.8
|year high C = 15.3
|Jan mean C = -1.0
|Feb mean C = 0.8
|Mar mean C = 5.4
|Apr mean C = 9.6
|May mean C = 14.6
|Jun mean C = 17.2
|Jul mean C = 19.2
|Aug mean C = 18.4
|Sep mean C = 14.4
|Oct mean C = 9.9
|Nov mean C = 3.9
|Dec mean C = -0.1
|year mean C = 9.4
|Jan low C = -4.0
|Feb low C = -2.8
|Mar low C = 1.0
|Apr low C = 4.7
|May low C = 9.1
|Jun low C = 12.0
|Jul low C = 13.9
|Aug low C = 13.6
|Sep low C = 10.2
|Oct low C = 6.1
|Nov low C = 1.0
|Dec low C = -2.7
|year low C = 5.2
|Jan record low C = -26.6
|Feb record low C = -26.9
|Mar record low C = -16.9
|Apr record low C = -7.0
|May record low C = -2.4
|Jun record low C = 0.6
|Jul record low C = 2.0
|Aug record low C = 3.3
|Sep record low C = -1.0
|Oct record low C = -9.0
|Nov record low C = -15.2
|Dec record low C = -31.3
|year record low C = -31.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 42
|Feb precipitation mm = 41
|Mar precipitation mm = 57
|Apr precipitation mm = 58
|May precipitation mm = 84
|Jun precipitation mm = 115
|Jul precipitation mm = 136
|Aug precipitation mm = 130
|Sep precipitation mm = 80
|Oct precipitation mm = 59
|Nov precipitation mm = 60
|Dec precipitation mm = 51
|year precipitation mm = 911
|Jan snow cm = 25
|Feb snow cm = 28
|Mar snow cm = 12
|Apr snow cm = 3
|May snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
|Jul snow cm = 0
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Sep snow cm = 0
|Oct snow cm = 0
|Nov snow cm = 11
|Dec snow cm = 21
|year snow cm = 99
|time day = 14:00
|Jan humidity = 60.8
|Feb humidity = 52.9
|Mar humidity = 46.1
|Apr humidity = 43.1
|May humidity = 43.7
|Jun humidity = 46.6
|Jul humidity = 46.8
|Aug humidity = 49.7
|Sep humidity = 50.6
|Oct humidity = 52.3
|Nov humidity = 60.8
|Dec humidity = 60.8
|year humidity = 51.7
|Jan sun = 100
|Feb sun = 123
|Mar sun = 165
|Apr sun = 183
|May sun = 206
|Jun sun = 198
|Jul sun = 231
|Aug sun = 212
|Sep sun = 183
|Oct sun = 163
|Nov sun = 101
|Dec sun = 83
|year sun = 1949
|Jan percentsun = 50.3
|Feb percentsun = 50.4
|Mar percentsun = 49.9
|Apr percentsun = 48.1
|May percentsun = 49.2
|Jun percentsun = 45.8
|Jul percentsun = 53.8
|Aug percentsun = 52.7
|Sep percentsun = 53.8
|Oct percentsun = 55.9
|Nov percentsun = 46.7
|Dec percentsun = 44.6
|year percentsun = 50.1
|source 1 = [[Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics]]<ref name =ZAMGtemp>
{{cite web
| archive-url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel/klimamittel-lufttemperatur
| archive-date = 21 October 2019
|url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel-lufttemperatur
| title = Klimamittel 1981–2010: Lufttemperatur
| language = de
| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
| access-date = 9 November 2019}}</ref><ref name =ZAMGprecip>
{{cite web
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229004447/http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel/klimamittel-niederschlag
| archive-date = 29 December 2014
|url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel-niederschlag
| title = Klimamittel 1981–2010: Niederschlag
| language = de
| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
| access-date = 9 November 2019}}</ref><ref name =ZAMGsnow>
{{cite web
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229003014/http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel/klimamittel-schnee
| archive-date = 29 December 2014
|url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel-schnee
| title = Klimamittel 1981–2010: Schnee
| language = de
| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
| access-date = 9 November 2019}}</ref><ref name =ZAMGhumidity>
{{cite web
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021010012/https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel/klimamittel-luftfeuchtigkeit
| archive-date = 21 October 2019
|url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel/klimamittel-luftfeuchtigkeit
| title = Klimamittel 1981–2010: Luftfeuchtigkeit
| language = de
| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
| access-date = 9 November 2019}}</ref><ref name =ZAMGsun>
{{cite web
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229003006/http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel/klimamittel-strahlung
| archive-date = 29 December 2014
|url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel-strahlung
| title = Klimamittel 1981–2010: Strahlung
| language = de
| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
| access-date = 9 November 2019}}</ref>
|source 2 = Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)<ref name = meteoclimat>
{{cite web 
|url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=297
| title = Station Innsbruck
| publisher = Météo Climat 
| language = fr 
| access-date = 9 November 2019}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box
|location = Innsbruck-Flugplatz ([[Innsbruck Airport|LOWI]]) 1971–2000
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|collapsed = yes
|Jan record high C = 20.2
|Feb record high C = 21.3
|Mar record high C = 23.9
|Apr record high C = 26.4
|May record high C = 32.2
|Jun record high C = 33.6
|Jul record high C = 37.7
|Aug record high C = 35.0
|Sep record high C = 32.1
|Oct record high C = 26.0
|Nov record high C = 21.2
|Dec record high C = 17.1
|year record high C = 37.7
|Jan high C = 3.5
|Feb high C = 6.3
|Mar high C = 11.3
|Apr high C = 14.8
|May high C = 20.3
|Jun high C = 22.6
|Jul high C = 24.7
|Aug high C = 24.4
|Sep high C = 20.8
|Oct high C = 15.8
|Nov high C = 8.2
|Dec high C = 3.7
|year high C = 14.7
|Jan mean C = -1.7
|Feb mean C = 0.4
|Mar mean C = 4.8
|Apr mean C = 8.4
|May mean C = 13.4
|Jun mean C = 16.1
|Jul mean C = 18.1
|Aug mean C = 17.7
|Sep mean C = 14.0
|Oct mean C = 9.1
|Nov mean C = 2.9
|Dec mean C = -1.0
|year mean C = 8.5
|Jan low C = -5.2
|Feb low C = -3.7
|Mar low C = 0.2
|Apr low C = 3.4
|May low C = 7.8
|Jun low C = 10.8
|Jul low C = 12.8
|Aug low C = 12.7
|Sep low C = 9.3
|Oct low C = 4.8
|Nov low C = -0.5
|Dec low C = -4.2
|year low C = 4.0
|Jan record low C = -23.8
|Feb record low C = -17.3
|Mar record low C = -16.5
|Apr record low C = -4.8
|May record low C = -2.3
|Jun record low C = 3.0
|Jul record low C = 4.4
|Aug record low C = 1.9
|Sep record low C = -0.9
|Oct record low C = -6.6
|Nov record low C = -17.9
|Dec record low C = -20.1
|year record low C = -23.8
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 43.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 41.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 55.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 57.7
|May precipitation mm = 87.1
|Jun precipitation mm = 110.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 137.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 111.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 78.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 57.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 63.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 53.1
|year precipitation mm = 896.5
|Jan snow cm = 25.6
|Feb snow cm = 30.0
|Mar snow cm = 12.5
|Apr snow cm = 3.5
|May snow cm = 0.0
|Jun snow cm = 0.0
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Aug snow cm = 0.0
|Sep snow cm = 0.0
|Oct snow cm = 0.8
|Nov snow cm = 12.0
|Dec snow cm = 25.9
|year snow cm = 110.3
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 7.4
|Feb precipitation days = 7.3
|Mar precipitation days = 8.8
|Apr precipitation days = 9.7
|May precipitation days = 10.7
|Jun precipitation days = 13.2
|Jul precipitation days = 13.9
|Aug precipitation days = 12.6
|Sep precipitation days = 9.2
|Oct precipitation days = 7.8
|Nov precipitation days = 9.0
|Dec precipitation days = 8.6
|year precipitation days = 118.2
|time day = 14:00
|Jan humidity = 64.0
|Feb humidity = 54.2
|Mar humidity = 45.2
|Apr humidity = 44.2
|May humidity = 42.6
|Jun humidity = 46.7
|Jul humidity = 47.5
|Aug humidity = 49.0
|Sep humidity = 49.2
|Oct humidity = 50.9
|Nov humidity = 61.2
|Dec humidity = 69.5
|year humidity = 52.0
|source 1 = [[Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics]]<ref name = ZAMG>{{cite web
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012234750/http://www.zamg.ac.at/fix/klima/oe71-00/klima2000/klimadaten_oesterreich_1971_frame1.htm
| archive-date = 12 October 2019
|url=http://www.zamg.ac.at/fix/klima/oe71-00/klima2000/klimadaten_oesterreich_1971_frame1.htm
| title = Klimadaten von Österreich 1971–2000
| language = de
| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
| access-date = 20 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=11120&ano=2023&mes=2&day=19&hora=12&min=0&ndays=30|title=11120: Innsbruck-Flughafen (Austria)|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 18 February 2023|website=ogimet.com |publisher=OGIMET |access-date= 19 February 2023|quote=}}</ref>
|date=February 2012
}}
{{Weather box|location= Innsbruck University (1971–2000)
|metric first= Y
|single line= Y
|collapsed = yes
|Jan record high C = 19.8
|Feb record high C = 19.1
|Mar record high C = 24.8
|Apr record high C = 27.1
|May record high C = 32.3
|Jun record high C = 34.1
|Jul record high C = 37.4
|Aug record high C = 35.5
|Sep record high C = 31.6
|Oct record high C = 25.8
|Nov record high C = 20.9
|Dec record high C = 16.9
|year record high C = 37.4
|Jan high C = 3.7
|Feb high C = 6.5
|Mar high C = 11.5
|Apr high C = 15.2
|May high C = 20.5
|Jun high C = 22.8
|Jul high C = 24.9
|Aug high C = 24.5
|Sep high C = 20.8
|Oct high C = 15.7
|Nov high C = 8.1
|Dec high C = 3.8
|year high C = 14.8
|Jan mean C = -0.9
|Feb mean C = 0.9
|Mar mean C = 5.2
|Apr mean C = 8.7
|May mean C = 13.7
|Jun mean C = 16.3
|Jul mean C = 18.3
|Aug mean C = 17.9
|Sep mean C = 14.2
|Oct mean C = 9.4
|Nov mean C = 3.3
|Dec mean C = -0.3
|year mean C = 8.9
|Jan low C = -3.9
|Feb low C = -2.6
|Mar low C = 1.0
|Apr low C = 4.1
|May low C = 8.5
|Jun low C = 11.4
|Jul low C = 13.3
|Aug low C = 13.2
|Sep low C = 9.9
|Oct low C = 5.5
|Nov low C = 0.4
|Dec low C = -2.9
|year low C = 4.8
|Jan record low C = -21.1
|Feb record low C = -14.5
|Mar record low C = -15.0
|Apr record low C = -4.0
|May record low C = -2.4
|Jun record low C = 3.5
|Jul record low C = 4.4
|Aug record low C = 4.7
|Sep record low C = -0.3
|Oct record low C = -5.9
|Nov record low C = -14.5
|Dec record low C = -17.2
|year record low C = -21.1
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 42.5
|Feb precipitation mm = 36.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 53.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 58.8
|May precipitation mm = 83.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 111.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 134.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 116.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 78.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 56.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 62.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 48.8
|year precipitation mm = 883.1
|Jan snow cm = 21.8
|Feb snow cm = 28.4
|Mar snow cm = 12.6
|Apr snow cm = 4.1
|May snow cm = 0.0
|Jun snow cm = 0.0
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Aug snow cm = 0.0
|Sep snow cm = 0.0
|Oct snow cm = 1.7
|Nov snow cm = 10.8
|Dec snow cm = 15.9
|year snow cm = 95.3
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 7.6
|Feb precipitation days = 6.9
|Mar precipitation days = 8.7
|Apr precipitation days = 9.4
|May precipitation days = 10.7
|Jun precipitation days = 13.6
|Jul precipitation days = 13.7
|Aug precipitation days = 12.5
|Sep precipitation days = 9.1
|Oct precipitation days = 7.6
|Nov precipitation days = 8.7
|Dec precipitation days = 8.5
|year precipitation days = 117.0
|time day = 14:00
|Jan humidity = 61.0
|Feb humidity = 53.0
|Mar humidity = 45.4
|Apr humidity = 43.9
|May humidity = 43.5
|Jun humidity = 47.3
|Jul humidity = 47.8
|Aug humidity = 49.2
|Sep humidity = 50.4
|Oct humidity = 51.8
|Nov humidity = 60.5
|Dec humidity = 66.7
|year humidity = 51.7
|Jan sun = 94.7
|Feb sun = 121.1
|Mar sun = 154.2
|Apr sun = 168.2
|May sun = 193.0
|Jun sun = 186.8
|Jul sun = 215.5
|Aug sun = 214.4
|Sep sun = 180.0
|Oct sun = 159.0
|Nov sun = 102.2
|Dec sun = 82.8
|year sun = 1871.9
|Jan percentsun = 39.1
|Feb percentsun = 48.8
|Mar percentsun = 45.3
|Apr percentsun = 43.3
|May percentsun = 45.9
|Jun percentsun = 43.8
|Jul percentsun = 50.1
|Aug percentsun = 52.6
|Sep percentsun = 54.6
|Oct percentsun = 53.3
|Nov percentsun = 46.5
|Dec percentsun = 43.8
|year percentsun = 47.4
|source 1 = [[Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics]]<ref name = ZAMG/>
}}

===Boroughs and statistical divisions===
[[File:Karte Innsbruck - Katastralgemeinden und Statistische Stadtteile.png|thumb|Cadastral settlements (red) and wards (grey) of Innsbruck]]
Innsbruck is divided into nine boroughs (cadastral settlements) that were formed from previously independent municipalities or villages.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Landesrecht Tirol: Stadtrecht der Landeshauptstadt Innsbruck 1975 § 2|publisher=Rechts Informations System (RIS), Bundeskanzleramt Österreich|url=http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokument.wxe?Abfrage=LrT&Dokumentnummer=LTI40032695|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608162815/http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokument.wxe?Abfrage=LrT&Dokumentnummer=LTI40032695|archive-date=8 June 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> These nine boroughs are further divided into twenty wards (cadastral districts). All wards are within one borough, except for the ward of Hungerburg (Upper Innsbruck), which is divided between two. For statistical purposes, Innsbruck is further divided into forty-two statistical units (''Statistischer Bezirk'') and 178 numbered blocks (''Zählsprengel'').<ref>{{Cite web|title=Räumliches Bezugssystem: Referat Statistik und Berichtswesen, Innsbruck |publisher=Landeshauptstadt Innsbruck |url=http://www.innsbruck.gv.at/page.cfm?vpath=verwaltung/statistiken--zahlen/raeumliches-bezugssystem |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201214425/http://www.innsbruck.gv.at/page.cfm?vpath=verwaltung%2Fstatistiken--zahlen%2Fraeumliches-bezugssystem |archive-date=1 February 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The following are the nine boroughs with the population as of 31 October 2011:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Registerzählung vom 31. Oktober 2011, Bevölkerung nach Ortschaften, Innsbruck (70101)|date=31 July 2013 |publisher= Statistik Austria |url=http://www.statistik.at/blickgem/rg3/g70101.pdf}}</ref>
* Innsbruck (inner city) (18.524), consisting of Oldtown (''Altstadt''), Dreiheiligen-Schlachthof, and Saggen
* Wilten (15.772), consisting of Mentlberg, Sieglanger, and Wilten West
* Pradl (30.890), consisting of Pradler-Saggen, Reichenau, and Tivoli 
* Hötting (31.246), consisting of Höttinger Au, Hötting West, Sadrach, Allerheiligen, Kranebitten, and part of Hungerburg
* Mühlau (4.750), consisting of part of Hungerburg
* Amras (5.403), consisting of Roßau
* Arzl (10.293), consisting of Neuarzl and Olympisches Dorf
* Vill (535)
* Igls (2.204)

=== Places of interest ===

==== Mountains ====

* [[Nordkette]]
* [[Patscherkofel]]

==== Buildings and monuments ====
[[File:Innsbruck - Hofburg2.jpg|thumb|[[Hofburg, Innsbruck|Imperial Hofburg]] (''Kaiserliche Hofburg'')]]
[[File:IA GoldenesDachl-A.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Goldenes Dachl]] (''Golden Roof'')]]
* Old Inn Bridge (''Alte Innbrücke'')
* [[Ambras Castle]]
* [[Andreas Hofer]]'s tomb
* [[St. Anne's Column]] (''Annasäule'')
* [[Bergisel Ski Jump]]
* Büchsenhausen Castle
* Canisianum
*[[Casinos Austria|Casino]]
* [[Innsbruck Town Hall|City Hall]] (''Stadtsaal'')
* [[Golden Roof]] (''Goldenes Dachl'')
* [[Helbling House]] (''Helblinghaus'')
* [[Imperial Palace, Innsbruck|Imperial Palace]] (''Hofburg'')
* [[Hungerburgbahn]]
* [[Leopold Fountain]] (''Leopoldsbrunnen'')
* Maria-Theresien-Straße
* Maximilian's Cenotaph and the Black Men (''Schwarzen Männer'')
* Old Federal State Parliament (''Altes Landhaus'')
* Old Town (''Altstadt'')
* Silver Chapel (''Silberne Kapelle'')
* City Tower (''Stadtturm'')
* [[Triumphal Arch, Innsbruck|Triumphal Arch]] (''Triumphpforte'')
* [[Tyrolean State Theatre]]

==== Museums ====
[[File:Hofkirche Innsbruck 2.jpg|thumb|Tyrolean Folk Art Museum next to the Hofkirche in Innsbruck]]
* [[Alpine Club Museum]]
* [[Ambras Castle]]
* [[Armoury, Innsbruck|Armoury]]
* City Archives
* Grassmayr Bell Foundry and Museum
* [[Innsbruck Stubaital station]]
* Kaiserjäger Museum
* [[Tyrol Panorama Museum]] (''Das Tirol Panorama'')
* [[Tyrolean Folk Art Museum]] (''Tiroler Volkunstmuseum'')
* [[Tyrolean State Museum]] (''Tiroler Landesmuseum'' or ''Ferdinandeum'')
* [[Tyrolean Museum Railways]] (''Tiroler Museumsbahnen'')

==== Churches ====
[[File:Cathedral of St. James Facade 1.jpg|thumb|upright|Innsbruck Cathedral (''Dom zu St. Jakob'')]]
* [[Court Church]] (''Hofkirche'')
* [[Innsbruck Cathedral]] (''Dom zu St. Jakob'')
* Old Ursuline Church
* Jesuit Church
* Church of Our Lady 
* Church of Our Lady of Perpectual Succour
* Servite Church
* Hospital Church
* Ursuline Church
* Wilten Abbey (''Stift Wilten'')
* Wilten Basilica (''Wiltener Basilika'')
* Holy Trinity Church
* St. John's Church
* St. Theresa's Church (Hungerburg)
* Pradler Parish Church
* St. Paul's State Memorial Church in the Reichenau
* Evangelical Church of Christ
* Evangelical Church of the Resurrection
* Old Höttingen Parish Church
* Höttingen Parish Church
* Parish Church of St. Nicholas
* Parish Church of Neu-Arzl
* Parish Church of St. Norbert
* Parish Church of Maria am Gestade
* Parish Church of the Good Shepherd
* Parish Church of St. George
* Parish Church of St. Paul
* Parish Church of St. Pirminius
* Church of the Guardian Angel

==== Parks and gardens ====
* Alpine Zoo (''[[Alpenzoo]]'')
* [[Baggersee Innsbruck]]
* [[Innsbruck University Botanic Garden]]
* [[Hofgarten, Innsbruck|Hofgarten]] (''Court Garden'')
* Rapoldi-Weiher Park
* Ambras Castle Park (''Schlosspark Ambras'')

=== Gallery ===
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Chateau ambras.jpg|Ambras Castle
File:Zeughaus-innsbruck.jpg|Armoury
File:Innsbruck 2 108.jpg|City Tower (''Stadtturm'')
File:Helblinghaus3.JPG|Helblinghaus
File:Innsbruck Flusspromenade.jpg|Innsbruck from the Inn river (looking towards [[Nordkette]])
File:Innsbruck 1 305.jpg|Maximilian's Cenotaph and the Black Men in the [[Court Church]]
File:Goldenes Dachl 3950109736 571225b427 b.jpg|Old Town (''Altstadt'') with the [[Goldenes Dachl]]
File:Innsbruck Siebenkreuzkapelle 2.jpg|Siebenkreuzkapelle
File:IA TirolerLandesmuseum A.jpg|Tyrolean State Museum (''Tiroler Landesmuseum'')
File:Innsbruck-Basilique de Wilten.jpg|[[:de:Stift Wilten|Wilten Basilica]]
</gallery>
[[File:Panorama insbruck4.jpg|800px|thumb|left|Panoramic view looking north to the [[Nordkette]]]]
{{Clear}}

== Government and politics ==
[[File:Innsbruck overlook with town.jpg|thumb|upright|Panoramic view looking down with [[Serles]] in the background]]
The results of the 2018 local elections were:
* [[Austrian Green Party]] 24.16% (left)
* [[Freedom Party of Austria]] 18.56% (right)
* Für Innsbruck 16.15% (conservative)
* [[Austrian People's Party]] 12.17% (conservative)
* [[Social Democratic Party of Austria]] 10.32% (left)
* [[NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum]] 4.73% (center)
* Bürgerforum Tirol – Liste Fritz (FRITZ) 3.23%
* Gerechtes Innsbruck (Gerecht) 3.10%
* Tiroler Seniorenbund – Für Alt und Jung (TSB) 2.72%
* Alternative Liste Innsbruck (ALI) 2.38%

== Culture ==
=== Cultural events ===
[[File:Towelday-Innsbruck.jpg|thumb|left|[[Towel Day]] Innsbruck − Towels with a silkscreen print as homage to Douglas Adams. Next to the words 'DON'T PANIC' there are the [[Global Positioning System|GPS]] data from the city Innsbruck where Adams had the idea for the ''Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy''.<ref>Erik van Rheenen (2017). [https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/63473/16-fun-facts-about-hitchhikers-guide-galaxy ''16 Fun Facts About The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy''].</ref>]]
Innsbruck is a very popular [[tourist destination]], organizing the following events every year:
* Innsbrucker Tanzsommer
* Bergsilvester (New Year's Eve)
* Innsbrucker Festwochen der Alten Musik (Innsbruck Festival of Early Music)
* [[Los Gurkos Short Film Festival]]<ref>slashcam.de http://www.slashcam.de/kalender/A-Los-Gurkos-Short-Film-Festival-2012-760.html "Festival"</ref>
* Christkindlmarkt (Christmas fair)

In 1971, author [[Douglas Adams]] was inspired to write the internationally successful ''[[The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy]]'' series while lying intoxicated in a field in Innsbruck.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gary |first1=Dexter |title=Title Deed: How the Book got its Name |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/booknews/6250272/Title-Deed-How-the-Book-got-its-Name.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/booknews/6250272/Title-Deed-How-the-Book-got-its-Name.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |agency=The Telegraph |date=4 October 2009}}{{cbignore}}</ref> From 2003 onwards each year [[Towel Day]] is celebrated worldwide on 25 May.

=== Sports ===
[[File:BergiselInnsbruck2.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Bergisel]]schanze ski jumping facility]]
Due to its location between high mountains, Innsbruck serves as an ideal place for [[skiing]] in winter, [[ski-jumping]] and [[mountaineering]] in summer. There are several [[ski resorts]] around Innsbruck, with the [[Nordkette]] served by a cable car and additional chair lifts further up. Other ski resorts nearby include [[Axamer Lizum]], [[Muttereralmbahn|Muttereralm]], [[Patscherkofel]], Igls, [[Seefeld, Tirol|Seefeld]], [[Tulfes]] and [[Stubaital|Stubai]] Valley. The glaciated terrain in the latter makes skiing possible even in summer months.

The [[Winter Olympic Games]] were held in Innsbruck twice, first in [[1964 Winter Olympics|1964]], then again in [[1976 Winter Olympics|1976]], when [[Colorado]] voters rejected a bond referendum in 1972 to finance the [[Denver, Colorado|Denver]] games, originally awarded in 1970. The [[1976 Winter Olympics]] were the last games held in the German-speaking [[Alps]] (Austria, Germany, or Switzerland).

Along with [[St. Moritz]], Switzerland and [[Lake Placid, New York]] in the United States, it is one of three places which have twice hosted the Winter Games. It also hosted the [[1984 Winter Paralympics|1984]] and [[1988 Winter Paralympics]].

Innsbruck hosted the [[2012 Winter Youth Olympics|1st Winter Youth Olympic Games]] in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.olympic.org/uk/news/olympic_news/full_story_uk.asp?id=2890 |title=International Olympic Committee – News |publisher=Olympic.org |access-date=5 May 2009}}</ref>

Other notable events held in Innsbruck include the [[Air & Style|Air & Style Snowboard Contest]] from 1994 to 1999 and 2008 and the [[Ice Hockey World Championships|Ice Hockey World Championship]] in 2005. Together with the city of [[Seefeld, Tirol|Seefeld]], Innsbruck organized the Winter [[Universiade]] in 2005. Innsbruck's [[Bergiselschanze]] is one of the hills of the famous [[Four Hills Tournament]].

Innsbruck is home to [[association football|football]] clubs [[WSG Tirol]] and [[FC Wacker Tirol|FC Wacker Innsbruck]], who play in the [[Austrian Football Bundesliga|Austrian Bundesliga]] and the [[Austrian Landesliga]] respectively. Former teams include the [[FC Swarovski Tirol]] and [[FC Tirol Innsbruck]]. The teams' stadium, [[Tivoli Neu]], is one of eight stadiums which hosted [[Euro 2008]], which took place in Switzerland and Austria in June 2008.

The city is home to the American football team [[Raiders Tirol]]. Innsbruck hosted an American football final, [[Eurobowl]] XXII between the [[Swarco Raiders Tirol]] and the [[Raiffeisen Vikings Vienna]].

The city hosted opening round games in the [[2011 IFAF World Championship]], the official international [[American Football]] championship.

In 2018 Innsbruck hosted the [[International Federation of Sport Climbing|IFSC]] Climbing World Championships 2018 from 6 to 16 September and the [[2018 UCI Road World Championships]] from 22 to 30 September.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.innsbruck2018.com|title=Kletter-WM Innsbruck Tirol 2018: IFSC Climbing World Championships|first=Austria|last=Climbing|website=Innsbruck / Tirol 2018}}</ref>

=== Language ===
Innsbruck is part of the [[Austro-Bavarian]] region of [[dialects]] and, more specifically, [[Southern Bavarian]] (''Südbairisch'').<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mayerthaler |first1=Willi |title=Infinitivprominenz in europäischen Sprachen: Der Alpen-Adria-Raum als Schnittstelle von Germanisch, Romanisch und Slawisch |date=1995 |publisher=Gunter Narr Verlag Tübingen |location=Tübingen |isbn=3823350625 |page=72 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1QFSFfe9BkEC |access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref> Irina Windhaber, professor for linguistics at the Universität Innsbruck, has observed a trend among young people to choose more often Standard German language structures and pronunciation.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Burger |first1=Sonja |title=Dialekt bis Internet: Deutsche Sprache wird bunter |url=https://www.diepresse.com/4613196/dialekt-bis-internet-deutsche-sprache-wird-bunter |website=Die Presse |date=5 December 2014 |publisher="Die Presse" Verlags-Gesellschaft m.b.H. Co KG |access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>

== Economy and infrastructure ==
Innsbruck is a substantial tourist centre, with more than a million overnight stays.

In Innsbruck, there are 86,186 employees and about 12,038 employers. 7,598 people are self-employed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statistik.at/blickgem/rg10/g70101.pdf |title=Gemeinde auf einen Blick |publisher=Statistik Austria |access-date=2 October 2016}}</ref> Nearly 35,000 people commute every day into Innsbruck from the surrounding communities in the area. The unemployment rate for the year 2012 was 4.2%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/RSI/#?vis=city.statistics&lang=en |title=City Statistics Illustrated |publisher=ec.europa.eu/eurostat |access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref>

The national statistics office, [[Statistik Austria]], does not produce economic data for the City of Innsbruck alone, but on aggregate level with the [[Innsbruck-Land District]] summarised as NUTS 3-region Innsbruck. In 2013, GDP per capita in the NUTS 3-region Innsbruck was €41,400 which is around 60% above the EU average.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/wirtschaft/volkswirtschaftliche_gesamtrechnungen/regionale_gesamtrechnungen/nuts3-regionales_bip_und_hauptaggregate/index.html |title=Regionales BIP und Hauptaggregate nach Wirtschaftsbereichen und 35 NUTS 3-Regionen |publisher=statistik.at |access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref>

The headquarters of [[Tiroler Wasserkraft]] (Tiwag, energy production), [[Bank für Tirol und Vorarlberg]] (financial services), Tiroler Versicherung (insurance) and [[MED-EL]] (medical devices) are located in Innsbruck. The headquarters of [[Swarovski]] (glass), Felder Group (mechanical engineering) and Swarco (traffic technology) are located within {{convert|20|km|0|abbr=on}} from the city.

Residential property is very expensive by national standards. The average price per square metre in Innsbruck is €4,430 (2015), which is the second highest per square meter price among Austrian cities surpassed only by Salzburg (€4,823), but followed by Vienna (€3,980).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://diepresse.com/home/meingeld/immobilien/4817039/In-Salzburg-und-Innsbruck-ist-Wohnraum-teurer-als-in-Wien |title=In Salzburg und Innsbruck ist Wohnraum teurer als in Wien |date=9 September 2015 |publisher=presse.com |access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref>

== Transport ==
[[File:12-06-05-innsbruck-by-ralfr-165.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Innsbruck Airport]]
Innsbruck is located along the A12/A13 highway corridor ([[Inn Valley Autobahn]] and [[Brenner Autobahn]] respectively), providing freeway access to [[Verona]], Italy and [[Munich]], Germany. The A12 and A13 converge near Innsbruck, at which point the A13 terminates.

[[Innsbruck Hauptbahnhof]], the most important railway station of Innsbruck and Tyrol, is one of the busiest railway stations in Austria. It is served by the [[Lower Inn Valley railway|Lower Inn Valley line]] to Germany and eastern Austria, the [[Arlberg railway|Arlberg line]] to the west and the [[Brenner railway|Brenner line]], which connects northern Italy with southern Germany via the [[Brenner Pass]]. Since December 2007 suburban services have been operated as the [[Innsbruck S-Bahn]].

[[Innsbruck Airport]] is located in the suburb of Kranebitten, which is located in the west of the city. It provides services to airports including [[Frankfurt]], [[London]], [[Amsterdam]] and [[Vienna]]. It also handles regional flights around the [[Alps]], as well as seasonal flights to other destinations. During the winter, activity increases significantly, due to the high number of skiers travelling to the region. The airport is approximately {{convert|4|km|mi|1}} from the centre of Innsbruck.

[[File:Trambahn in Innsbruck.jpg|thumb|left|Trambahn in Innsbruck]]
Local public transport is provided by Innsbrucker Verkehrsbetriebe (IVB), a public authority operating a network of bus and [[tram]] routes.  The metre-gauge [[Trams in Innsbruck|tram network]] consists of four city lines, 1, 2, 3 and 5, and two lines serving the surrounding area: {{nowrap|line 6}}, the Innsbrucker Mittelgebirgsbahn to Igls, and line ''STB'', the [[Stubaitalbahn]] running through the [[Stubaital|Stubai Valley]] to [[Fulpmes]]. The network is planned to be enlarged during the coming years to reach the neighboring village Rum in the east and [[Völs, Austria|Völs]] in the west. Numerous bus lines serve the inner city and connect it with surrounding areas. Until 2007 the bus network included two [[trolleybus]] routes, but these were abandoned in preparation for planned expansion of the tram network.

In December 2007, the [[Hungerburgbahn]], a [[funicular]] service to the district of Hungerburg, was reopened after a two-year closure for extensive rebuilding, with partial realignment and a new extension under the [[Inn River]] and into central Innsbruck.  The line was also equipped with new vehicles. Because of the unique design of the stations, drafted by the famous architect [[Zaha Hadid]], the funicular evolves immediately to a new emblem of the city.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.austria.info/au/basic-facts/special-recommendations/hungerburg-funicular|title=Hungerburgbahn Innsbruck}}</ref> The line was rebuilt by the Italian company Leitner, and can now carry up to 1,200 persons per hour.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leitner-ropeways.com/en/company/references/if130-hungerburgbahn-643/|title=IF130 Hungerburgbahn|access-date=25 August 2016|archive-date=12 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112172711/https://www.leitner-ropeways.com/en/company/references/if130-hungerburgbahn-643/|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is operated by a private company, the 'Innsbrucker Nordkettenbahnen'.

== Education ==
Innsbruck is a university city, with several locally based colleges and universities.

Innsbruck is home to the oldest grammar school ''([[Gymnasium (school)|Gymnasium]])'' of Western Austria, the "[[Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck]]". The school was founded in 1562 by the [[Jesuit]] order and was the precursor of the university, founded in 1669.

Innsbruck hosts several universities. The most well-known are the [[University of Innsbruck]] (Leopold-Franzens-Universität), the [[Innsbruck Medical University]], and the university of applied sciences [[MCI Management Center Innsbruck]].

== Organizations ==
* The international headquarters of [[SOS Children's Villages]], one of the world's largest [[charities]], is located in Innsbruck.
* The internationally active NGO [[Austrian Service Abroad]] was founded in Innsbruck in 1992 by [[Andreas Maislinger]] and [[Andreas Hörtnagl]]. Its central office is located at Hutterweg, Innsbruck.
* Innsbruck has two [[university|universities]], the [[Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck]] and the [[Innsbruck Medical University]]. The Innsbruck Medical University has one of Europe's premier [[skiing|ski]] injury clinics.
* The international headquarters of [[MED-EL]], one of the largest producers of [[cochlear implants]], is located in Innsbruck.
* The [[Aouda.X]] space suit simulator is being developed by the [[OeWF]] in Innsbruck. Also, the Mission Support Centre for many of the OeWF Mars [[human analog missions|analogue missions]] is situated in the city. This MSC used time delayed communication with ''Camp [[Karl Weyprecht|Weyprecht]]'' in the desert near [[Erfoud]], [[Morocco]] for the MARS2013 expedition during February 2013.

== Notable residents ==
[[File:Margaretha von Habsburg, duchess of Saxony.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony|Margaret of Austria]]]]
[[File:Portrait of Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle by Willem Key.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle]], 1561]]
[[File:Léopold duc de Bar et de Lorraine 00206.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Leopold, Duke of Lorraine]], 1703]]

=== Monarchy and aristocracy ===
* [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor]] (1415–1493), [[Holy Roman Emperor]] from 1452 until his death, the first emperor of the [[House of Habsburg]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Frederick III., Roman Emperor |volume= 11 | pages = 49–50 |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony]] ({{circa|1416}}–1486), member of the House of Habsburg, was [[Electress of Saxony]] 1431–1464 by her marriage with the [[House of Wettin|Wettin]] elector [[Frederick II, Elector of Saxony|Frederick II]]. She was a sister of [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Frederick III]].
* [[Sigismund, Archduke of Austria]] (1427–1496), Habsburg archduke of Austria and ruler of Tyrol from 1446 to 1490
* [[Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Gottingen|Elisabeth of Brandenburg]] (1510–1558), princess of the [[House of Hohenzollern]] and a Margravine of [[Brandenburg]]
* [[Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle]] (1517–1586), Comte de La Baume Saint Amour, Burgundian statesman,  followed his father as a leading minister of the [[Spanish Habsburgs]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Granvella, Antoine Perrenot, Cardinal de |volume= 12 | pages = 361–362 |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland|Catherine of Austria]], Queen of Poland (1533–1572), one of the fifteen children of [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor]] and [[Anna of Bohemia and Hungary]]
* [[Anna of Tyrol]] (1585–1618), by birth [[Archduchess of Austria]] and member of the Tyrolese branch of the [[House of Habsburg]] and by marriage [[Holy Roman Empress]]
* [[Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria]] (1629–1685), by birth [[Archduchess of Austria]] as a member of the Tyrolese branch of the [[House of Habsburg]]
* [[Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Austria]] (1630–1665), ruler of [[Further Austria]] including Tyrol 
* [[Maria Leopoldine of Austria]]-Tyrol (1632–1649), by birth [[Archduchess of Austria]] and member of the Tyrolese branch of the [[House of Habsburg]] and by marriage the second spouse of her first cousin, [[Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III]]
* Archduchess [[Claudia Felicitas of Austria]] (1653–1676), by birth [[Archduchess of Austria]] and by marriage [[Holy Roman Empress]] and the second wife of [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold I]]
* [[Leopold, Duke of Lorraine]] (1679–1729), surnamed the Good, was [[Duke of Lorraine]] and Bar from 1690
* [[Ignaz Anton von Indermauer]] (1759–1796), nobleman who was murdered in a peasant revolt
* [[Henry Taaffe, 12th Viscount Taaffe]] (1872–1928), landowner, held hereditary titles from Austria & Ireland until 1919 when he lost both; son of [[Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Taaffe, Eduard Franz Joseph von, Count |volume= 26 |last= Headlam |first= James Wycliffe  |author-link= James Wycliffe Headlam| pages = 321–322 |short= 1}}</ref>
* Prince Johannes Heinrich of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1931–2010), prince of the [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry]]

=== Public service ===
[[File:WP Josef Speckbacher.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Josef Speckbacher]], 1891]]
[[File:Schwarz-Schilling1993 085.jpg|140px|thumb|[[Christian Schwarz-Schilling]], 1993]]
* [[Eusebio Kino]] (1645–1711), Jesuit missionary and explorer of Northwest Mexico and Southwest US, student and later teacher at [[Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck]].
* [[Josef Speckbacher]] (1767–1820) a leading figure in the rebellion of the Tyrol against Napoleon
* [[Joseph Hormayr, Baron zu Hortenburg]] (1781/2–1848) statesman and historian.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Hormayr, Joseph, Baron von |volume= 13 |last1= Hashagen |first1= Justus |author1-link= | page= 693 |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Hermann von Gilm]] (1812–1864) lawyer and poet
* [[Vinzenz Maria Gredler]] (1823 in Telfs – 1912) a Dominican friar, classicist, philosopher theologian and naturalist
* [[Ignatius Klotz]] (1843–1911), American farmer and politician in [[Wisconsin]]
* [[Oswald Redlich]] (1858–1944) historian and archivist of [[auxiliary sciences of history]]
* [[Heinrich Schenkl]] (1859–1919) classical philologist, son of [[Karl Schenkl]]
* [[Diana Budisavljević]] (1891–1978), humanitarian who led a major relief effort in [[Yugoslavia]] during [[World War II]] 
* Blessed [[Jakob Gapp]] (1897–1943) Roman Catholic priest and a [[Marianists]].
* [[Karl Gruber]] (1909–1995) an Austrian politician and diplomat
* [[Reinhold Stecher]] (1921–2013) Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of the [[Diocese of Innsbruck]], 1980 to 1997.
* Professor Dr. [[Christian Schwarz-Schilling]] (born 1930) a German politician, entrepreneur, philanthropist and media and telecommunications innovator.
* [[Marcello Spatafora]] (born 1941), Italian diplomat, former [[Permanent Representative]] of Italy to the [[United Nations]]
* [[Heidemarie Cammerlander]] (born 1942), member of the [[Municipal Council and Landtag of Vienna]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Heidemarie Cammerlander |url=https://www.wien.gv.at/advuew/internet/AdvPrSrv.asp?Layout=llanzeige&Type=K&PERSONCD=2005110814111622 |access-date=12 August 2023 |website=[[Government of Vienna]] |language=de}}</ref>
* [[Gerhard Pfanzelter]] (born 1943) prominent Austrian diplomat.
* [[Andreas Maislinger]] (born 1955) Austrian historian and founder of the [[Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service]]
* [[Christoph Hofinger]] (born 1967) researcher and political consultant
* [[Gabriel Kuhn]] (born 1972), political writer and translator based in Sweden
* [[René Benko]] (born 1977), real estate investor and founder of [[Signa Holding]]

=== War figures ===
* [[Raoul Stojsavljevic]] (1887–1930), World War I flying ace 
* [[Otto Hofmann]] (1896–1982), [[SS-Obergruppenführer]] director of Nazi Germany's "Race and Settlement Main Office", sentenced to 25 years for war crimes in 1948, pardoned 1954
* [[Robert Bernardis]] (1908–1944), resistance fighter, part of the attempt to kill [[Adolf Hitler]] in the [[20 July Plot]] in 1944.
* [[Josefine Brunner]] (1909–1943), socialist, resistance member and victim of the [[Nazism|Nazi]] regime
* [[Anton Malloth]] (1912–2002), a supervisor in the [[Theresienstadt concentration camp]].
* [[Constanze Manziarly]] (1920–1945), cook/dietitian to [[Adolf Hitler]] until her final days in 1945

=== Arts ===
[[File:Wenzl Weis - Karl Schönherr.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Karl Schönherr]]]]
[[File:Erwin Faber.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Erwin Faber]], 1976]]
[[File:William_Berger-1967.png|thumb|194x194px|[[William Berger (actor)|William Berger]], 1967]]
[[File:2015-04-29-AliceTumler.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Alice Tumler]], 2015]]
* [[Jacob Regnart]] (1540s–1599) Flemish Renaissance composer of sacred and secular music
* [[William Young (composer)|William Young]] (died 1662) English viol player and composer of the Baroque era, who worked at the court of [[Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria]] in Innsbruck
* [[Johann Paul Schor]] (1615–1674), artist, known in Rome as "Giovanni Paolo Tedesco" 
* [[Michael Ignaz Mildorfer]] (1690–1747), painter, painted primarily religious themed works
* [[Josef Ignaz Mildorfer]] (1719–1775), painter of frescoes
* [[Franz Edmund Weirotter]] (1733–1771), painter, draughtsman and etcher of landscapes and maritime scenes
* [[Georg Mader]] (1824–1881) an Austrian painter.
* [[Edgar Meyer (painter)|Edgar Meyer]] (1853–1925), painter, built himself a castle and engaged in politics
* [[Karl Schönherr]] (1867–1943) Austrian writer of Austrian [[Heimat]] themes.
* [[Mimi Gstöttner-Auer]] (1886–1977) Austrian stage and film actress<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0345142/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Clemens Holzmeister]] (1886–1983), architect and stage designer
* [[Erwin Faber]] (1891–1989), actor in Munich, in the late-1970s he performed at the [[Residenz Theatre]]<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0264477/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Igo Sym]] (1896–1941), Austrian-born Polish actor and collaborator with Nazi Germany
* [[Carl-Heinz Schroth]] (1902–1989), actor and film director, appeared in 60 films<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0775594/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Heinrich C. Berann]] (1915–1999) father of the modern panorama map, born into a family of painters and sculptors
* [[Peter Demant]] (1918–2006) a Russian writer and public figure.
* [[Judith Holzmeister]] (1920–2008) actress, married to the actor [[Curd Jürgens]] 1947–1955<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0392855/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Otmar Suitner]] (1922–2010) conductor who spent most of his professional career in East Germany, Principal Conductor of the [[Staatskapelle Dresden]] from 1960 to 1964
* [[Dietmar Schönherr]] (1926–2014) an Austrian film actor<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0778220/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Ilse von Alpenheim]] (born 1927) pianist
* [[William Berger (actor)|William Berger]] (born 1928–1993) was an Austrian American actor<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0074125/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Erich Urbanner]] (born 1936) Austrian composer and teacher.
* [[Peter Noever]] (born 1941) designer and curator–at–large of art and architecture
* [[Christian Berger]] (born 1945) Austrian [[cinematographer]]<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0074141/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Radu Malfatti]] (born 1946), trombone player and composer
* [[Helga Anders]] (1948–1986) Austrian television actress<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0026016/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* Reed Gratz (born 1950), Jazz pianist/composer, Professor at University of Innsbruck [https://soundcloud.com/reed-gratz]
* [[Gabriele Sima]] (1955–2016), opera singer<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0799261/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Norbert Pümpel]] (born 1956) a visual artist.
* [[Gabriele Fontana]] (born 1958) an Austrian operatic soprano.
* [[Thomas Larcher]] (born 1963) an Austrian composer and pianist.
* [[Armin Wolf]] (born 1966), journalist and television anchor
* [[Eva Lind]] (born 1966), operatic soprano<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1659509/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Aleksandar Marković (conductor)|Aleksandar Marković]] (born 1975) Serbian, principal conductor of Tyrolean Opera House
* [[Alice Tumler]] (born 1978), television presenter<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3368931/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2021</ref>
* [[Georg Neuhauser]] (born 1982), singer in [[Serenity (band)]]
* [[Manu Delago]] (born 1984), [[Hang (instrument)|Hang]] player, percussionist and composer based in London
* [[Amira El Sayed]] (born 1991) an Egyptian-Austrian actress and author
* [[Nathan Trent]] (born 1992) singer for Austria in the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2017]]
* [[Victoria Swarovski]] (born 1994), singer, TV Presenter ''Let's Dance Germany'', Billionaire Heiress of the [[Swarovski]] empire

=== Science ===
[[File:Вілібальд Бессер.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Wilibald Swibert Joseph Gottlieb von Besser]], 1830's]]
* [[Adam Tanner (mathematician)|Adam Tanner]] (1572–1632) Jesuit professor of maths and philosophy, eponym of the Moon crater [[Tannerus]]
* [[Ferdinand Johann Adam von Pernau]], Count of Rosenau (1660–1731) Austrian [[ornithologist]]
* [[Johann Nepomuk von Laicharting]] (1754–1797), entomologist and Professor of Natural Science
* [[Wilibald Swibert Joseph Gottlieb von Besser]] (1784–1842), Austrian-born botanist, worked in Western Ukraine
* [[Philipp Sarlay]] (1826–1908) principal of telegraph office, technological and scientific pioneer
* [[Leopold Pfaundler]] (1839–1920), physicist and chemist, wrote the [[kinetic theory of gases]]
* [[Georg Luger]] (1849–1923) an Austrian designer of the famous [[Luger pistol]]
* [[Erwin Payr]] (1871–1946), surgeon, eponym of [[Splenic-flexure syndrome]] or "Payr's disease"
* [[Meinhard von Pfaundler]] (1872–1947), pediatrician, interest in the [[Diathesis–stress model|diathetic]] aspects of disease
* [[Arnold Durig]] (1872–1961) Austrian physiologist, investigated [[organisms at high altitude]]
* [[Otto E. Neugebauer]] (1899–1990) Austrian-American mathematician and [[historian of science]]
* [[Bruno de Finetti]] (1906–1985), Italian [[List of mathematical probabilists|probabilist]], [[statistician]] and [[actuary]], noted for the conception of [[probability]]
* [[Meinhard Michael Moser]] (1924–2002) [[mycologist]] of the taxonomy, chemistry and toxicity of the [[Lamella (mycology)|gilled]] mushrooms
* [[Klaus Riedle]] (born 1941) German power engineering scientist, helped develop more efficient gas turbines for power generation
* Prof. [[Herbert Lochs]] (1946–2015) prominent German/Austrian medical doctor and scientist
* [[Peter Zoller]] (born 1952) theoretical physicist and Professor at the [[University of Innsbruck]]
* [[Wolfgang Scheffler (inventor)|Wolfgang Scheffler]] (born 1956), inventor/promoter of large, flexible, parabolic reflecting dishes that concentrate sunlight for cooking and in the world's first solar-powered crematorium
* [[Christian Spielmann]] (born 1963), physicist and a professor at the [[University of Jena]]
*[[Veronika Sexl]] (born 1966), pharmacologist and toxicologist with interests in [[cancer research]].<ref>[https://www.vetmeduni.ac.at/pharmakologie/cv Curriculum Vitae of Veronika Sexl] (retrieved 14 July 2024)</ref> Since 1 March 2023 she is rector  of the [[University of Innsbruck]].<ref name=cv>[https://www.uibk.ac.at/de/newsroom/2023/neues-rektorinnenteam-im-amt/ Neues Rektor innenteam im Amt]</ref>

[[File:Roderich Menzel 01.JPG|thumb|140px|[[Roderich Menzel]], 1934]]
[[File:USIS - Hermann Buhl.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Hermann Buhl]], 1953]]

=== Sport ===
* [[Hady Pfeiffer]] (1906–2002), Austrian/German alpine skier, competed [[1936 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Roderich Menzel]] (1907–1987), amateur tennis player and, after his active career, an author
* [[Lotte Scheimpflug]] (1908–1997), Austrian/Italian luger, competed 1920s to the 1950s
* [[Gustav Lantschner]] (1910–2011), alpine skier & actor, competed [[1936 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Erich Eliskases]] (1913–1997), chess grandmaster in the 1950s, represented Austria, Germany and Argentina
* [[Hermann Buhl]] (1924–1957) mountaineer, considered one of the best climbers of all time
* [[Egon Schöpf]] (born 1925) alpine skier, competed in the [[1948 Winter Olympics|1948]] and [[1952 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Dagmar Rom]] (1928–2022) a former alpine ski racer, won two gold medals at the [[FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1950|1950 World Championships]]
* [[Walter Steinegger]] (born 1928) former ski jumper who competed in the [[1952 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Fritz Dinkhauser]] (born 1940) hammer thrower and bobsleigher at the [[1968 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Gert Elsässer]] (born 1949), skeleton racer who competed in the early 1980s
* [[Franz Marx]] (born 1963), sport wrestler, qualified for the Summer Olympic Games in Barcelona 
* [[Markus Prock]] (born 1964), luger who competed between 1983 and 2002
* [[Barbara Schett]] (born 1976) Austrian tennis player and sportscaster
* [[Fritz Dopfer]] (born 1987) World Cup alpine ski racer, specializing in the giant slalom and slalom
* [[David Lama]] (1990–2019) Rock climber and mountaineer.
* [[René Binder]] (born 1992), racing driver
* [[Nicol Ruprecht]] (born 1992), rhythmic gymnast 
* [[Gregor Schlierenzauer]] (born 1994), Ski jumper, all-time leader in the number of World Cup victories
* [[Susanna Kurzthaler]] (born 1995), biathlete
* [[Vanessa Herzog]] (born 1995), speed skater
* [[Simon Bucher]] (born 2000), Austrian [[Swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Olympic]] swimmer
* [[Jakob Schubert]] (born 1990), Austrian professional rock climber. He won bronze in both the [[2020 Summer Olympics|2020]] and [[2024 Summer Olympics]].

== International relations ==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Austria}}

=== Twin towns and sister cities ===
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Freiburg im Breisgau]] in [[Baden-Württemberg]], Germany <small>''(since 1963)''</small>
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Grenoble]] in [[Isère]], [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]], France <small>''(since 1963)''</small><ref name="Grenoble">{{cite web|author=Jérôme Steffenino, Marguerite Masson |url=http://www.grenoble.fr/103-jumelages-et-cooperations.htm|title=Ville de Grenoble –Coopérations et villes jumelles |publisher=Grenoble.fr |access-date=16 May 2013}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|BIH}} [[Sarajevo]] in [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] <small>''(since 1980)''<ref name="Sarajevo">{{cite web|url=http://www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=147|title=Fraternity cities on Sarajevo Official Web Site|publisher=City of Sarajevo|access-date=9 November 2008|archive-date=1 December 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201150030/http://www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=147|url-status=dead}}</ref></small>
*{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Aalborg]] in Denmark <small>''(since 1982)''</small><ref name="Aalborg twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.europeprize.net/en/?page_id=5 |title=Aalborg Twin Towns |publisher=Europeprize.net |access-date=19 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130907145357/http://www.europeprize.net/en/?page_id=5 |archive-date=7 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aalborgkommune.dk/Borgerportal/Serviceomraader/Byen/Venskabsbyer/Towns.htm  |title=Aalborg Kommune – Venskabsbyer |date=14 November 2007 |access-date=26 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114155748/http://www.aalborgkommune.dk/Borgerportal/Serviceomraader/Byen/Venskabsbyer/Towns.htm |archive-date = 14 November 2007}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|GEO}} [[Tbilisi]] in [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] <small>''(since 1982)''<ref name="Tbilisi Sister Cities">{{cite web|url=http://www.tbilisi.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=4571|title=Tbilisi Sister Cities|access-date=5 August 2013|work=Tbilisi City Hall|publisher=Tbilisi Municipal Portal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724120155/http://www.tbilisi.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=4571|archive-date = 24 July 2013}}</ref></small>
* {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Ōmachi, Nagano|Ōmachi]] in [[Japan]],  <small>''(since 1985)''<ref name="Omachi Sister Cities">{{cite web|url=http://www.city.omachi.nagano.jp/00038000/00038003.html|script-title=ja:友好・姉妹都市|language=ja|access-date=17 August 2014|work=Omachi City Hall|publisher=Omachi Municipal Office|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817134303/http://www.city.omachi.nagano.jp/00038000/00038003.html|archive-date = 17 August 2014}}</ref></small>
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], United States <small>''(since 1995)''</small>

=== Partnerships ===
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Kraków]] in [[Lesser Poland Voivodeship]], Poland <small>''(since 1998)''<ref name="Kraków partnerships">{{cite web|url=http://www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/2531,kat,0,5,miasta_partnerskie.html |title=Kraków – Miasta Partnerskie |access-date=10 August 2013 |work=Miejska Platforma Internetowa Magiczny Kraków |language=pl |trans-title=Kraków -Partnership Cities |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130702010825/http://www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/2531%2Ckat%2C0%2C5%2Cmiasta_partnerskie.html |archive-date=2 July 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref></small>

=== Austrian Service Abroad ===
The [[Austrian Service Abroad]] is a NGO, which provides positions for an alternative Austrian national service at 85 organizations in 35 countries worldwide in the sectors [[Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service|Holocaust Memorial Service]], [[Austrian Social Service|Social Service]] and [[Austrian Peace Service|Peace Service]]. It was founded by [[Andreas Maislinger]] and [[Andreas Hörtnagl]] in 1998 and is based in Innsbruck.

== See also ==
*[[Tyrol]]
*[[History of the Jews in Innsbruck]]
*[[Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen]]
*[[Internationales Studentenhaus Innsbruck]]
*[[Trams in Innsbruck|Innsbruck Tramway]]
*[[Music of Innsbruck]]
*[[Lohbach (Inn)]]

== References ==
;Citations
{{Reflist}}
;Bibliography
{{Refbegin}}

* {{cite journal |last1=Krakover |first1=Shaul |last2=Borsdorf |first2=Axel |date=2000 |title=Spatial dynamics of urban expansion: The case of Innsbruck, Austria |url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/resolveppn/?PPN=GDZPPN003002403 |journal=Die Erde |volume=131 |issue=2 |pages=125–141 |access-date=7 June 2014}}
* {{cite book|last1=Bousfield |first1=Jonathan |last2=Humphreys |first2=Rob |title=The Rough Guide to Austria |publisher=Rough Guides |location=London |year=2001 |isbn=978-1858280592}}
* {{cite book|title=City Guides: Innsbruck |publisher=Freytag-Berndt |location=Vienna |year=1999 |isbn=978-3850849111}}
* {{cite book |last=Maier |first=Dieter |title=Insight Guide Austria |publisher=APA Publications |location=Singapore |year=1998 |isbn=978-0887296109 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780887296109 }}
* {{cite book |last=Parsons |first=Nicholas T. |title=Blue Guide Austria |edition=Fourth |publisher=A & C Black Publishers Ltd |location=London |year=2000 |isbn=978-0393320176 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/blueguideaustria00nich }}
* {{cite book |last=Schulte-Peevers |first=Andrea |editor=Alison Coupe |title=Michelin Green Guide Austria |publisher=Michelin Travel & Lifestyle |location=London |year=2007 |isbn=978-2067123250 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/michelingreengui00gwen }}
{{Refend}}

==Further reading==
;Published in the 19th century
*{{Citation |publisher = Karl Baedeker |title = Southern Germany and Austria |location = Coblenz |edition = 2nd |date = 1871 |oclc = 4090237 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/southerngermany10firgoog#page/n284/mode/2up |chapter= Innsbruck |ol = 20619468M }}

;Published in the 20th century
*{{Citation |publisher = J.H. Herz |location = Berlin |title = Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, &c |edition = 9th |date = 1908 |oclc = 36795367 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/guidethroughger00gesgoog#page/n453/mode/2up |chapter= Innsbruck }}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Innsbruck | volume= 14 |last= Coolidge |first= William Augustus Brevoort |author-link= W. A. B. Coolidge|  pages = 583–584 }}
*{{Citation |publisher = Karl Baedeker |location = Leipzig |edition=11th |title = Austria-Hungary |date = 1911 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/austriahungarywi00karl#page/182/mode/2up |chapter= Innsbruck |ol = 18759934M }}

== External links ==
{{Commons|Innsbruck}}
{{wikivoyage|Innsbruck}}
{{wikivoyage|Igls}}
*[https://www.innsbruck.gv.at/en Innsbruck.at] – official site
*[https://www.innsbruck.info/en/ Innsbruck.info] – Tourist Board
*[https://www.ivb.at/ IVB] – Public Transport Official Site
* [https://www.innsbruck.gv.at/en/freizeit/kultur/museen-stadtarchiv/stadtarchiv City Archive Innsbruck] – [https://innsbruck-erinnert.at/ photo blog «Innsbruck remembers»]

{{Principal cities of Austria}}
{{Tyrol}}
{{Austrian Seats}}
{{List of European capitals by region}}
{{Olympic Winter Games Host Cities}}
{{Paralympic Winter Games Host Cities}}
{{Youth Olympic Games Host Cities}}
{{Four Hills Tournament}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Innsbruck| ]]
[[Category:Austrian state capitals]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Tyrol (federal state)]]
[[Category:Districts of Tyrol (federal state)]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Inn (river)]]