Editing Independence, Ohio

{{About|the city|the unincorporated community in Defiance County, Ohio|Independence, Defiance County, Ohio}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name                   = Independence, Ohio
| native_name                     = 
| settlement_type                 = [[City]]
| nickname                        = 
| motto                           = 
| image_skyline                   = Independence Presbyterian Church.jpg
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = [[Independence Presbyterian Church]]
| image_flag                      = 
| image_seal                      = IndependenceOhioSeal.png
| image_shield                    = 
| image_map                       = Cuyahoga County Ohio incorporated and unincorporated areas Independence highlighted.svg
| mapsize                         = 
| map_caption                     = Location in [[Cuyahoga County, Ohio|Cuyahoga County]] and the state of [[Ohio]]
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = United States
| subdivision_type1               = State
| subdivision_name1               = [[Ohio]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of counties in Ohio|County]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Cuyahoga County, Ohio|Cuyahoga]]
| subdivision_type3               = 
| subdivision_name3               = 
| subdivision_type4               = 
| subdivision_name4               = 
| government_type                 = [[Mayor-council]]
| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                     = Gregory P. Kurtz ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]])
| leader_title1                   = 
| leader_name1                    = 
| leader_title2                   = 
| leader_name2                    = 
| leader_title3                   = 
| leader_name3                    = 
| established_title               = 
| established_date                = 
| established_title2              = 
| established_date2               = 
| established_title3              = 
| established_date3               = 
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_km2                  = 24.94
| area_total_sq_mi                = 9.63
| area_land_km2                   = 24.67
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 9.53
| area_water_km2                  = 0.26
| area_water_sq_mi                = 0.10
| area_water_percent              = 
| area_urban_km2                  = 
| area_urban_sq_mi                = 
| area_metro_km2                  = 
| area_metro_sq_mi                = 
| population_footnotes            = 
| population_as_of                = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_est                  = 
| pop_est_as_of                   = 
| population_note                 = census
| population_total                = 7584
| population_density_km2          = 307.39
| population_density_sq_mi        = 796.14
| population_metro                = 
| population_density_metro_km2    = 
| population_density_metro_sq_mi  = 
| population_urban                = 
| population_density_urban_km2    = 
| population_density_urban_sq_mi  = 
| population_demonym = Independencian
| timezone                        = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|EST]]
| utc_offset                      = -4
| timezone_DST                    = EDT
| utc_offset_DST                  = -4
| coordinates                     = {{coord|41|22|55|N|81|38|27|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_footnotes             = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft                    = 860
| postal_code_type                = Zip code
| postal_code                     = 44131
| area_code                       = [[Area code 216|216]]
| website                         = http://www.independenceohio.org
| blank_name                      = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info                      = 39-37240<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
| blank1_name                     = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info                     = 1064885<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|1064885}}</ref>
| footnotes                       = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
}}

'''Independence''' is a city in [[Cuyahoga County, Ohio]], United States. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the city population was 7,584. A suburb of [[Cleveland]], it is a part of the [[Greater Cleveland|Cleveland metropolitan area]].

==History==
Independence was originally called Center and was renamed in 1830.<ref>{{cite book|last=Overman|first=William Daniel|title=Ohio Town Names|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015015361465;view=1up;seq=80|year=1958|publisher=Atlantic Press|location=Akron, OH|page=64}}</ref>

==Geography==
Independence is located at {{coord|41|22|55|N|81|38|27|W|type:city}}.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|9.64|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|9.54|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.10|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2013-01-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 12, 2012 }}</ref>

Much of the land area in Independence is used by the intersection of [[Interstate 480 (Ohio)|I-480]] and [[I-77]]. The I-77/I-480 interchange is a four-level [[stack interchange]], but locals often refer to as the cloverleaf, as it largely replaced a nearby interchange of that type. The larger interchange opened in 1940, but construction of the Willow Freeway, which became I-77, was stalled by World War II and was not completed until the 1950s. In the late 1970s, I-480 connected into I-77. The original 1939 cloverleaf is still in existence on Granger and Brecksville Roads. It is still in use today, generally for local traffic.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

In the 1970s, many [[Cleveland]] businesses needed backup and extra office space from their downtown Cleveland offices. In the 1970s, the Rockside corridor was developed into offices and numerous hotels to help downtown Cleveland. In 1991, the Crown Center on Rockside Road was built, making it the tallest building between [[Downtown Cleveland]] and Akron. This area is referred as Cleveland's [[Silicon Valley]].{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 262
|1920= 1074
|1930= 1525
|1940= 1815
|1950= 3105
|1960= 6568
|1970= 7034
|1980= 6607
|1990= 6500
|2000= 7109
|2010= 7133
|2020= 7584
|estyear=2021
|estimate=7523
|estref=
|footnote=Sources:<ref name="GR2" /><ref name=Census1930>{{cite web|title=Population: Ohio|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/03815512v1ch08.pdf|work=1930 US Census|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 28, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Census1960">{{cite web|title=Number of Inhabitants: Ohio|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/37749282v1p37_ch02.pdf|year=1960|work=18th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=April 24, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Census1990">{{cite web|title=Ohio: Population and Housing Unit Counts|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-37.pdf|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/independencecityohio,US/PST045221|title=Independence city, Ohio|website=census.gov|accessdate=July 1, 2022}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Largest ancestries (2010) !! Percent 
|-
| [[Polish Americans|Polish]] || 36.6% 
|-
| [[Irish Americans|Irish]] || 19.7%
|-
| [[German Americans|German]] || 18.0%
|-
| [[Italian Americans|Italian]] || 17.1%
|-
| [[Czech American|Czech]] || 7.3% 
|-
| [[Slovak American|Slovak]] || 6.0% 
|}
As of the census<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2013-01-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 7,133 people, 2,770 households, and 2,054 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|747.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 2,868 housing units at an average density of {{convert|300.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.6% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.1% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.9% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.2% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] people of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 2,770 households, of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.8% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.8% were non-families. 23.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the city was 47 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.9% were from 25 to 44; 33.5% were from 45 to 64; and 19.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

Of the city's population over the age of 25, 36.0% held a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3937240.html |title=Independence (City) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau |access-date=2013-11-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202225335/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3937240.html |archive-date=2013-12-02 }}</ref>

===2000 census===
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Largest ancestries (2000) !! Percent 
|-
| [[Polish Americans|Polish]] || 32.3% 
|-
| [[German Americans|German]] || 20.2%
|-
| [[Italian Americans|Italian]]  || 16.7%
|-
| [[Irish Americans|Irish]] || 10.7%
|-
| [[English American|English]] || 7.3% 
|-
| [[Slovak American|Slovak]] || 7.0% 
|}

As of the census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 7,109 people, 2,673 households, and 2,020 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|741.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,726 housing units at an average density of {{convert|284.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.58% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.58% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.29% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.14% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.41% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] people of any race were 0.82% of the population.

There were 2,673 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.6% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.4% were non-families. 21.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.1% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 21.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $57,733, and the median income for a family was $65,059. Males had a median income of $49,741 versus $34,038 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,447. About 2.4% of families and 3.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.5% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The Independence Local School District operates Independence Primary School, [[Independence Middle School (Independence, Ohio)|Independence Middle School]] and [[Independence High School (Independence, Ohio)|Independence High School]]. There is also St. Michael's Catholic School, under the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Diocese of Cleveland]].  Independence is also home to the [[Kent State University College of Podiatric Medicine]].

==Sports==
Independence is the home of the [[Cleveland Cavaliers]] training facility.<ref>[http://www.cavsnews.com/2006/03/28/cavaliers-new-training-facility/ CavsNews.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101185255/http://www.cavsnews.com/2006/03/28/cavaliers-new-training-facility/ |date=January 1, 2007 }} Retrieved December 29, 2006.</ref>

==Notable people==
<!-- All persons listed here must meet [[Wikipedia:Notability]] requirements; and a supporting citation that documents their connection to Independence must be included. -->
* [[Kathrine Baumann]], former actress and designer<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sewell |first1=Rhonda B. |title=Shimmer for the stars: Ohio native's shiny creations have become hot accessories on Hollywood's red carpet |url=https://www.toledoblade.com/frontpage/2004/09/16/shimmer-for-the-stars-ohio-native-s-shiny-creations-have-become-hot-accessories-on-hollywood-s-red-carpet.html |access-date=September 20, 2020 |work=The Blade |date=September 16, 2004 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Tom Boerwinkle]], [[National Basketball Association]] player<ref>{{cite news |title=Ex-Bulls center Boerwinkle dies at 67 |url=https://www.pjstar.com/article/20130328/NEWS/303289916 |access-date=March 5, 2021 |work=Journal Star |date=March 28, 2013 |location=Peoria |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Jessica Eye]], [[mixed martial arts]] fighter<ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Troy L. |title=Ohio native Jessica Eye looks to shock the world at UFC 238 |url=https://www.cleveland.com/sports/2019/06/ohio-native-jessica-eye-looks-to-shock-the-world-at-ufc-238.html |access-date=March 5, 2021 |work=The Plain Dealer |date=June 7, 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Joe Kovacs (puppeteer)|Joe Kovacs]], puppeteer<ref>{{cite web |title=Moosletoe: a New Moosical |url=http://www.gatewayproductionarchives.com/Archive/Playbill/2016/Mooseltoe.pdf |website=Gateway Playhouse Archives |publisher=The Gateway, Performing Arts Center of Suffolk County |access-date=March 5, 2021 |pages=8 |date=2016–2017}}</ref>
* [[Stipe Miocic]], mixed martial arts fighter<ref>{{cite news |last1=Raimondi |first1=Marc |title=Inside a 24-hour firehouse shift with UFC heavyweight Stipe Miocic |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/story/_/id/27381036/inside-24-hour-firehouse-shift-ufc-heavyweight-stipe-miocic |access-date=March 5, 2021 |publisher=ESPN |date=August 13, 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Louis J. O'Marr]], 13th [[Attorney General of Wyoming]]<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 28, 1966 |title=Louis J. O'Marr |page=11 |work=[[Billings Gazette]] |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/59660570/the-billings-gazette/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200920202654/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/59660570/the-billings-gazette/ |archive-date=September 20, 2020 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=September 20, 2020 }}</ref>
* [[Nadine Secunde]], operatic soprano<ref>{{cite web |title=Nadine Secunde |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100451688 |website=Oxford Reference |publisher=Oxford University Press |access-date=March 5, 2021 |language=en }}</ref>
* [[Jim Trakas]], former member of the Ohio House of Representatives<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fine |first1=Arlene |title=Jim Trakas seeks fourth Ohio term |url=https://www.clevelandjewishnews.com/archives/jim-trakas-seeks-fourth-ohio-term/article_ff696995-49ea-57bd-a69b-e9d0f5896d46.html |access-date=March 5, 2021 |work=Cleveland Jewish News |date=September 30, 2004 |language=en}}</ref>

==Surrounding communities==

{{Geographic Location
| Northwest = [[Brooklyn Heights, Ohio|Brooklyn Heights]]
| North     = [[Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio|Cuyahoga Heights]]
| Northeast = [[Garfield Heights, Ohio|Garfield Heights]]
| West      = [[Seven Hills, Ohio|Seven Hills]]
| Center    = Independence
| East      = [[Valley View, Ohio|Valley View]]
| Southwest = [[North Royalton, Ohio|North Royalton]]
| South     = [[Brecksville, Ohio|Brecksville]], [[Broadview Heights, Ohio|Broadview Heights]]
| Southeast = [[Sagamore Hills, Ohio|Sagamore Hills]]
}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.independenceohio.org/ City of Independence, Ohio]
* [http://independence.k12.oh.us/ Independence Local School District]

{{Cuyahoga County, Ohio}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Ohio]]
[[Category:Cities in Cuyahoga County, Ohio]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1814]]
[[Category:Cleveland metropolitan area]]