Editing Hurley, Wisconsin

{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name   = Hurley, Wisconsin
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|nickname        = 
|motto           = 
|image_skyline   = 2009-0617-SilverStreet-Hurley.jpg
|image_caption   = Downtown Hurley
<!-- Maps -->
|image_map       = File:Iron County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Hurley Highlighted.svg
|mapsize         = 260px
|map_caption     = Location of Hurley in Iron County, Wisconsin.
|pushpin_map     = Wisconsin#USA
|pushpin_label   = Hurley
|pushpin_relief  = yes
<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = United States
|subdivision_type1      = State
|subdivision_name1      = [[Wisconsin]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[List of counties in Wisconsin|County]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Iron County, Wisconsin|Iron]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes   = 
|government_type        = 
|leader_title           = 
|leader_name            = 
|leader_title1          = 
|leader_name1           = 
|established_title      = 
|established_date       =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref              = Imperial
|area_footnotes         = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web |title = 2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files |url = https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_55.txt |publisher = United States Census Bureau |access-date = August 7, 2020 }}</ref>
|area_magnitude         = 
|area_total_km2         = 8.76
|area_land_km2          = 8.37
|area_water_km2         = 0.39
|area_total_sq_mi       = 3.38
|area_land_sq_mi        = 3.23
|area_water_sq_mi       = 0.15

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of       = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est         = 
|pop_est_as_of          = 
|population_footnotes   = <ref name="wwwcensusgov"/>
|population_total       = 1558
|population_density_km2 = 171.56
|population_density_sq_mi = 444.31

<!-- General information -->
|timezone               = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset             = -6
|timezone_DST           = CDT
|utc_offset_DST         = -5
|elevation_footnotes    = <ref name="GR3">{{cite web |url = http://geonames.usgs.gov |access-date = January 31, 2008 |title = US Board on Geographic Names |publisher = [[United States Geological Survey]] |date = October 25, 2007 }}</ref>
|elevation_m            = 456
|elevation_ft           = 1496
|coordinates            = {{coord|46|27|1|N|90|11|23|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type       = [[Zip Code]]
|postal_code            = 54534
|area_code              = [[Area codes 715 and 534|715 & 534]]
|blank_name             = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info             = 55-36525
|blank1_name            = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info            = 1566822
|website                = https://cityofhurleywi.org
|footnotes              = 
|pop_est_footnotes      = 
}}

'''Hurley''' is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Iron County, Wisconsin]], United States. The population was 1,558 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]. It is located directly across the [[Montreal River (Wisconsin–Michigan)|Montreal River]] from [[Ironwood, Michigan]].

==History==
[[File:Hurley postcard 1930s.jpg|thumb|Silver Street at Second Avenue in Hurley {{circa|1930s}}]]
[[File:Hurley50s.jpg|thumb|Silver Street on a 1950s postcard]]

Hurley is located on the [[Montreal River (Wisconsin–Michigan)|Montreal River]], the border between Wisconsin and the [[Upper Peninsula]] of Michigan. The city is on [[U.S. Route 2 in Wisconsin|U.S. Highway&nbsp;2]] (US&nbsp;2), and is the northern terminus of [[U.S. Route 51 in Wisconsin|US&nbsp;51]], and is about {{convert|18|mi|km}} south of Lake Superior. Hurley had its origins in the iron mining and lumbering booms of the 1880s.<ref>{{cite book |last1 = Connors |first1 = Dean |title = Going for the Iron |date = 1994 |publisher = New Past Press |location = Friendship, Wisconsin |isbn = 0-938627-23-6 |section = Introduction }}</ref> The city is located, along with adjacent [[Ironwood, Michigan]], at the center of the Gogebic Range. The economy of Hurley, together with the city of [[Montreal, Wisconsin|Montreal]] in Wisconsin, and the cities of Ironwood, [[Bessemer, Michigan|Bessemer]] and [[Wakefield, Michigan|Wakefield]] in Michigan, was dependent upon the extraction of iron ore from the [[Gogebic Range|Gogebic]] (a/k/a Penokee) Range during the 19th and 20th centuries.

Hurley took its name from Canadian-born M. A. Hurley,<ref>{{cite book |url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ |title = The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States |location = Washington, DC |publisher = Government Printing Office |last = Gannett |first = Henry |year = 1905 |page = [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n163 164] }}</ref> a prominent attorney of [[Wausau, Wisconsin|Wausau]] who won a lawsuit for the Northern Chief Iron Company in 1884. The compensation for winning the lawsuit was that he asked for no fee, but only requested that the town involved in the case be named after him. M.A. Hurley held stock in the Northern Chief Iron Company. The full name "Glen Hurley" was used for one year, but in 1885, the first name was dropped and the community became known as Hurley. The first Plat Map of Glen Hurley was recorded in the Ashland County Register of Deeds by C.N. Nutter, surveyor for the Northern Chief Iron Company of Wausau, in December 1884.<ref>{{harvp|Connors|1994|p=30 }}.</ref>

Hurley did not become a city until April 1918. Previously, it was part of the town of Vaughn, named after Samuel S. Vaughn, pioneer resident of Ashland, for whom the Vaughn Public Library is named. When the city of Hurley was created, the town of Vaughn was dissolved and divided among the City of Hurley, the Town of Oma (Finnish for "Our Own"), the Town of Carey, and the Town of Kimball.

Henry Meade was the first mayor of Hurley.

John Ankers opened Hurley's first saloon and served as the first clerk for the Town of Vaughn, first Justice of the Peace, and first fire chief.

In early November 1887, ten people were killed in a fire that started in a three-story theater and spread to other structures.<ref>{{cite news |title = Hurley, WI Theater and Buildings Fire, Nov 1887 |url = http://www.gendisasters.com/wisconsin/1947/hurley%2C-wi-theater-buildings-fire%2C-nov-1887 |access-date = July 25, 2020 |work = Eau Claire Daily Free Press |date = July 13, 1887 }}</ref>

The ''Gogebic Range Directory'' of 1888 states: "During the past summer, Hurley was twice visited by terrible fires. The first occurred of June 28 and the second on July 9. These destroyed almost the entire business portion of the city, and at first it was thought that they would prove a crushing blow to its prosperity, but later events have proven that they were blessings in disguise. The wonderful pluck and energy of its businessmen were fully demonstrated when they at once began the erection of fine brick buildings in the place of the wooden ones destroyed. The result has been that the burned portion has been rebuilt with brick and stone, making them nearly fireproof. And Silver Street is one that a much larger city could well be proud of."{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}

===Boundary dispute===
Hurley was at the center of a boundary dispute between Michigan and Wisconsin, culminating in a United States Supreme Court case in 1926, confirming Hurley belonging to Wisconsin. The Montreal River was mapped in detail in 1841 by Lieutenant Thomas Jefferson Cram of the United States Land Office Department of Topography. Cram was assigned by Congress to survey the northeast boundary between Michigan and Wisconsin. This boundary had been originally outlined by Congress in 1834 on the basis of the faulty maps of the time which incorrectly showed both the Montreal and Menominee rivers originating from the Lac Vieux Desert in Vilas County. After a detailed survey, Cram located the headwaters of the Montreal 55 miles west of Lac Vieux Desert, and recommended the boundary line be run from the center of the lake to the headwaters of the Montreal.<ref>{{harvp|Connors|1994|p=12 }}.</ref> Michigan brought suit against Wisconsin to correct the boundary line between the two states. Michigan's claim included the City of Hurley and its valuable mineral deposits. Michigan's lawsuit, ''Michigan v. Wisconsin'' (270 U.S. 295, 1926), was dismissed by the US Supreme Court on the grounds that Wisconsin's long continued possession of the disputed property was acquiesced in by Michigan (P. 270, U.S. 301).

===Prohibition===
Hurley was a known gangster resort haven for mobsters in the twenties and thirties. According to an article in ''The Wisconsin Magazine of History'', Hurley was the most infamous town in Wisconsin during [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]]. "Hurley: a notorious northern Wisconsin city with a long history of vice. Prohibition agents staged massive raids on Hurley, but each time the saloonkeepers paid their fines and went back to their usual business. On December 27, 1926, federal agents padlocked twenty-nine Hurley saloons in a single day. A 1931 raid closed forty-two saloons, resulting in the arrest of sixty people- one out of every forty Hurley residents. In an economy dependent on revenues from drinking, gambling, and prostitution, local officers looked the other way and the city continued its business, with routine harassment by enforcement officials. By 1929, federal officials were afoot in Wisconsin to assess changing conditions. Prohibition investigator Frank Buckley was most aghast at what he found during a visit to Hurley. He commented that Hurley 'has the distinction of being the worst community in the State....Gambling, prostitution, bootlegging, and dope are about the chief occupations of the place. Saloons there function with barmaids who serve the dual capacity of soda dispenser and prostitute.'"<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Drager |first1 = Speltz |title = Bottoms Up: A Toast to Wisconsin: Historic Bars and Breweries |journal = Wisconsin Magazine of History |date = Spring 2013 }}</ref>

===Radar Bomb Scoring site===
In the early 1960s, the US Air Force established a [[Strategic Air Command]] (SAC) Radar Bomb Scoring site atop Norrie Hill in neighboring Ironwood, Michigan to track and score high altitude and treetop level simulated bomb runs by B-52s and B-47s on targets in the Hurley area. A monument is erected outside of Hurley to remember six crew members who were killed in two B-47 low level runs in 1961. The Radar Bomb Scoring site was moved to Charlevoix, Michigan in the mid-1960s.

===Historic locations===
[[File:2009-0617-OldIronCtyCourthouse-Hurley.jpg|thumb|[[Old Iron County Courthouse]] ]]

The [[Old Iron County Courthouse]] (now the Iron County Historical Museum) was designed in the Richardsonian-Romanesque style by architect L.H. Ruggles. The building was completed in 1893 by contractors Rinkle and Carroll at a cost of $27,303. The original clock in the tower was installed by Chicago jeweler J.J. Neuhavre. Lightning struck the clock tower in June 1922 and set the tower ablaze. The original clock was destroyed and was replaced by an electric Seth Thomas clock at a cost of $1,348. The building served as the county courthouse until 1975. In 1977, it was sold to the Iron County Historical Society for $1. It has been listed on the National Register for Historic Places since 1977. It was considered "architecturally significant in an area where there are few comparable buildings." The building currently houses the Iron County Historical Museum, which features three floors of exhibits and a weaving room where volunteers use looms to make rag rugs.<ref>{{cite news |last1 = Kolesar |first1 = Kristin |title = The Iron County Courthouse: Standing Strong Through 129 Years of History |work = The Ironwood Daily Globe |department = History Section |date = March 15, 2022 }}</ref>

The Iron Exchange Bank of Hurley, was the oldest [[bank]] of the [[Gogebic Range]]. It was organized on November 26, 1885. Dr. J.C. Reynolds, the bank's first president, and his brother, W. S. Reynolds, the bank's first cashier, were the prime movers in the organization of the institution. Associated with them in the organization were John E. Burton, Alvin E. Tyler, Edward Ryan, Nathaniel J. Moore, James A. Wood, and Shepherd Homans, all men prominent in the mining industry in the area in the early days.

The first newspaper in Hurley was the ''Montreal River Miner'' which was first published on October 8, 1885. After absorbing the ''Iron County News'' in 1950 the two papers names were merged to form the ''Iron County Miner'', which is still published as a weekly.<ref>{{cite book |first = Donald E. |last = Oehlerts |year = 1958 |title = Guide to Wisconsin Newspapers 1833–1957 |location = Madison |publisher = State Historical Society of Wisconsin |oclc = 10421981 }}{{page needed|date=December 2022}}</ref> ''La Nostra Terra'' ("Our Land"), an Italian language newspaper, was published in Hurley from 1904 to 1913, when it merged into the ''Iron County News''.

The first hotel was located at the corner of Second Avenue and Silver Street in a log building, with James Guest as the first landlord.

[[File:BurtonHouse.jpg|thumb|[[Burton House (Hurley, Wisconsin)|Burton House]] ]]

The [[Burton House (Hurley, Wisconsin)|Burton House]] was an immense four-story frame hostelry, which was a famous gathering place in the latter part of the 19th century. John E. Burton, of Lake Geneva, erected the building in 1886. A mining speculator, his original wealth came from the iron range. Later he established offices in New York City and bought up other vast mining interests in Mexico and South America. The Burton Hotel contained 100 rooms, a ballroom, dining room, café, and clubrooms, all highly decorated and furnished with the best of the woodworkers' art of the time, and equipped with the best furniture. The Burton Hotel cost $35,000 to construct, and the furniture cost Burton $10,000. Many noteworthy people stayed at the Burton House: including [[Benjamin Harrison]], in 1888, during his campaign for president; the actress [[Sarah Bernhardt]], who made at least three appearances in Hurley; the financier [[Colgate Hoyt]], nephew of [[James Boorman Colgate]], son of the British-American industrialist, Charles Colgate; the actor [[Edwin Booth]] (brother of [[John Wilkes Booth]]); and author and playwright [[Edna Ferber]]. [[Grover Cleveland]] registered at the Burton House Saturday, October 5, 1889. By that time he had already served one term as president of the United States. In 1889 when he was in Hurley, he was a New York lawyer and businessman. Cleveland was elected to the presidency again in 1892. The Burton House burned to the ground on February 2, 1947, as the result of an over-heated stove on the first floor VFW meeting room.

==Geography==
Hurley is located at {{coord|46|27|1|N|90|11|23|W|type:city}} (46.450361, -90.189802).

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|3.58|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|3.42|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.16|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title = US Gazetteer files 2010 |url = https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date = November 18, 2012 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date = January 25, 2012 }}</ref>

It is across the state border and the [[Montreal River (Wisconsin-Michigan)|Montreal River]] from [[Ironwood, Michigan]], both cities located on the [[Gogebic Range]].

===Climate===
Hurley has a cool [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb''), with long, cold winters and short, mild summers. In an average year the temperature drops below 32&nbsp;°F (0&nbsp;°C) on 192 days, and below 0&nbsp;°F (-17.8&nbsp;°C) on 40 days. Hurley is also one of the snowiest cities in the United States with an average of over 160 inches of snow per year due to [[Lake-effect snow]] from nearby [[Lake Superior]].
{{Weather box
|location = Hurley, Wisconsin (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1987–present)
|collapsed =
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 50
|Feb record high F = 59
|Mar record high F = 78
|Apr record high F = 84
|May record high F = 93
|Jun record high F = 97
|Jul record high F = 98
|Aug record high F = 97
|Sep record high F = 92
|Oct record high F = 87
|Nov record high F = 72
|Dec record high F = 59
|year record high F = 98

|Jan avg record high F = 39.6
|Feb avg record high F = 46.2
|Mar avg record high F = 58.5
|Apr avg record high F = 71.7
|May avg record high F = 83.5
|Jun avg record high F = 88.3
|Jul avg record high F = 88.5
|Aug avg record high F = 88.0
|Sep avg record high F = 83.5
|Oct avg record high F = 75.5
|Nov avg record high F = 57.3
|Dec avg record high F = 43.4
|year avg record high F = 90.9

|Jan high F = 20.3
|Feb high F = 24.9
|Mar high F = 36.0
|Apr high F = 48.8
|May high F = 63.5
|Jun high F = 73.3
|Jul high F = 77.1
|Aug high F = 75.5
|Sep high F = 67.3
|Oct high F = 52.9
|Nov high F = 37.6
|Dec high F = 25.7
|year high F = 50.2
|Jan mean F = 11.8
|Feb mean F = 14.6
|Mar mean F = 25.4
|Apr mean F = 38.4
|May mean F = 52.3
|Jun mean F = 62.2
|Jul mean F = 66.5
|Aug mean F = 64.8
|Sep mean F = 56.9
|Oct mean F = 43.7
|Nov mean F = 30.2
|Dec mean F = 18.3
|year mean F = 40.4
|Jan low F = 3.2
|Feb low F = 4.3
|Mar low F = 14.8
|Apr low F = 28.0
|May low F = 41.1
|Jun low F = 51.1
|Jul low F = 55.9
|Aug low F = 54.2
|Sep low F = 46.5
|Oct low F = 34.4
|Nov low F = 22.8
|Dec low F = 10.9
|year low F = 30.6

|Jan avg record low F = -18.7
|Feb avg record low F = -18.6
|Mar avg record low F = -11.7
|Apr avg record low F = 10.4
|May avg record low F = 26.9
|Jun avg record low F = 35.2
|Jul avg record low F = 44.3
|Aug avg record low F = 41.6
|Sep avg record low F = 31.8
|Oct avg record low F = 21.3
|Nov avg record low F = 3.4
|Dec avg record low F = -11.7
|year avg record low F = -23.0

|Jan record low F = −31
|Feb record low F = −36
|Mar record low F = −31
|Apr record low F = -12
|May record low F = 20
|Jun record low F = 24
|Jul record low F = 35
|Aug record low F = 33
|Sep record low F = 26
|Oct record low F = 5
|Nov record low F = −10
|Dec record low F = −36
|year record low F = -36
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 2.31
|Feb precipitation inch = 1.69
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.96
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.90
|May precipitation inch = 3.56
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.81
|Jul precipitation inch = 4.07
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.72
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.76
|Oct precipitation inch = 3.94
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.03
|Dec precipitation inch = 2.61
|year precipitation inch = 37.36
|Jan snow inch = 38.8
|Feb snow inch = 26.2
|Mar snow inch = 18.2
|Apr snow inch = 9.4
|May snow inch = 1.4
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.2
|Oct snow inch = 4.6
|Nov snow inch = 21.5
|Dec snow inch = 34.7
|year snow inch = 155.0
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 14.0
|Feb precipitation days = 9.6
|Mar precipitation days = 8.7
|Apr precipitation days = 9.8
|May precipitation days = 11.3
|Jun precipitation days = 11.4
|Jul precipitation days = 11.1
|Aug precipitation days = 10.1
|Sep precipitation days = 12.2
|Oct precipitation days = 12.9
|Nov precipitation days = 11.5
|Dec precipitation days = 13.1
|year precipitation days = 135.7
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 13.4
|Feb snow days = 8.8
|Mar snow days = 6.2
|Apr snow days = 3.5
|May snow days = 0.4
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 1.6
|Nov snow days = 7.0
|Dec snow days = 11.2
|year snow days = 52.1
|source 1 = [[NOAA]]<ref name = nws>{{cite web |url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=dlh |title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = June 13, 2021 }}</ref><ref name=NCEI>{{cite web |url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00473800&format=pdf |title = Station: Hurley, WI |work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020) |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = June 13, 2021 }}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1900= 2440
|1910= 2934
|1920= 3188
|1930= 3264
|1940= 3375
|1950= 3034
|1960= 2763
|1970= 2418
|1980= 2015
|1990= 1782
|2000= 1818
|2010= 1547
|2020= 1558
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web |url = https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title = Census of Population and Housing |publisher = Census.gov |access-date = June 4, 2015 }}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web |title = U.S. Census website |url = https://www.census.gov |publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date = November 18, 2012 }}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,547 people, 771 households, and 360 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|452.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,032 housing units at an average density of {{convert|301.8|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.1% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.8% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 771 households, of which 20.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.3% were non-families. 47.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 23.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.89 and the average family size was 2.66.

The median age in the city was 49 years. 16.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.5% were from 25 to 44; 30.3% were from 45 to 64; and 26.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[2000 United States Census|census of 2000]], there were 1,818 people, 830 households, and 458 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 577.3 people per square mile (222.8/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 1,025 housing units at an average density of 325.5 per square mile (125.6/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the city was 97.36% [[White (U.S. Census)|Caucasian]], 0.06% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.38% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.11% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.17% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], and 0.94% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.88% of the population. 30.3% were of [[italians|Italian]], 20.4% [[finns|Finnish]], 9.7% [[germans|German]] and 9.3% [[Polish people|Polish]] ancestry.

There were 830 households, out of which 20.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were non-families. 39.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.72.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 18.2% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 26.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $24,821, and the median income for a family was $33,000. Males had a median income of $27,717 versus $17,750 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,554. About 11.0% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.

==Recreation and tourism==
The western terminus of the [[Iron Belle Trail]], a non motorized path, begins in Hurley. The trail runs along the former Soo Line Railroad tracks from Hurley to Ramsay, Michigan. Hurley is located near numerous waterfalls. The SISU Cross Country Ski Race is held each January in neighboring Ironwood, Michigan. The [[Paavo Nurmi Marathon]], one of the first US marathons, is held in Hurley the second Saturday of every August.

Hurley commemorates its Italian heritage at the annual Festivale de Italiano, held every Labor Day weekend.

The National Finnish American Festival Cultural Center (NFAF) is located on US 2, near US 51 south. Viola Turpeninen Day, held annually in the summer, commemorates the legendary Finnish-American accordionist and singer. Other events take place on Mothers' day and [[Juhannus]] as well as throughout the year. The NFAF museum is open from April through December.<ref>{{cite web |title = Little Finland |publisher = Hurley, Wisconsin |url = http://www.hurleywi.com/our-community/little-finland |access-date = March 20, 2022 |language = en }}</ref>

Hurley is also known for its [[All-terrain vehicle|ATV]] Hurley Rally held on Memorial Day weekend, a Pumpkin ATV rally held the second weekend of October, and the Red Light [[Snowmobile]] Rally. Both attract thousands of visitors to the area each year.

Riccelli Park is located in Hurley. The park provides picnic and playground areas, as well as the Nestor Laspa pavilion for gatherings. 
The Felix Patritto baseball field is located adjacent to Riccelli Park.

==Government==
Hurley is the county seat of Iron County. The current mayor is Joanne Lundgren Bruneau.<ref>{{cite web |title = City of Hurley |url = http://www.co.iron.wi.gov/category.asp?linkcatid=1360&linkid=2220&locid=180 |publisher = Iron County, Wisconsin |access-date = November 17, 2021 }}</ref>

{{Hidden begin

|titlestyle = background:#ccccff;
|title      = Presidential elections results

}}

{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:auto; float:right; font-size:95%;"

|+ '''Presidential elections results'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Ward by Ward Report November 5 2024 election |url=https://elections.wi.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Ward%20by%20Ward%20Report_November%205%202024%20General%20Election_Federal%20and%20State%20Contests.xlsx |website=Wisconsin Elections Commission |access-date=10 December 2024}}</ref>
|- style="background:lightgrey;"
! Year
! [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! [[Third Party (United States)|Third parties]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[2024 United States presidential election in Wisconsin|2024]]'''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''61.3%''' ''497''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|37.4% ''303''
|  style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.4% ''11''
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Wisconsin, 2020|2020]]'''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''57.3%''' ''468''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|41.7% ''341''
|  style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.0% ''8''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Wisconsin, 2016|2016]]'''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''55.9%''' ''396''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|39.6% ''281''
|  style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|4.5% ''32''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Wisconsin, 2012|2012]]'''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|39.3% ''286''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''59.2%''' ''431''
|  style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.5% ''11''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Wisconsin, 2008|2008]]'''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|33.3% ''252''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''65.6%''' ''496''
|  style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.1% ''8''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Wisconsin, 2004|2004]]'''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|40.6% ''362''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''58.7%''' ''523''
|  style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.7% ''6''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Wisconsin, 2000|2000]]'''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|44.9% ''367''
|  style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''52.2%''' ''427''
|  style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|2.9% ''24''
|}
{{Hidden end}}

==Education==
[[Gogebic Community College]], a two-year public community college, is located in adjacent [[Ironwood, Michigan]]. It was founded in 1932 and has a student body of approximately 1,000.

The Hurley K-12 School is located just outside of Hurley in the Town of Kimball. It was built in 1991 and serves students from northern Iron County in grades kindergarten through 12. Approximately 550 students are enrolled as of the 2021–2022 school year.

==Media==
[[WHRY]]-AM and [[WUPM]]-FM are the two local radio stations, along with stations from [[Ironwood, Michigan]].

==Transportation==
*{{jct|state=WI|US|2}} runs west to [[Ashland, Wisconsin]] and [[Duluth, Minnesota]], intersecting US 51 at the Michigan–Wisconsin border at [[Ironwood, Michigan|Ironwood]] and then goes east to [[Iron Mountain, Michigan|Iron Mountain]].
*{{jct|state=WI|US|51}} terminates at Hurley. Southbound, US 51 routes to [[Wausau, Wisconsin]]; where it intersects with [[Interstate 39]].
*{{jct|state=WI|WI|77}} starts just at the state line in Hurley and travels southwest.

Intercity bus service to the city is provided by [[Indian Trails]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiantrails.com/sites/default/files/media/Documents/1491_June2023.pdf|title=Indian Trails Schedule 1491|access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref>

[[Gogebic-Iron County Airport]] offers commercial air service.

Hurley was served by the [[Chicago & North Western]] Flambeau Line with the Flambeau 400 train between Chicago and Ashland, and the [[Soo Line Railroad|Soo Line]] Railroad [formerly [[Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad|Minneapolis, St. Paul, and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad]]] between Minneapolis and Bessemer. The [[Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railway]] Line (now [[Canadian National Railway]]) skirted Hurley a few miles to the north. This line originally ran from Superior to Sault Ste Marie.

==Notable people==
{{More citations needed section|date=November 2022}}
{{div col}}
* [[Paul Alfonsi]], Wisconsin State Representative and Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly
* [[Karen Borca]], American avant-garde jazz and free jazz bassoonist
* [[Len Calligaro]], football player
* [[Ralph Capone]], former Public Enemy No. 3 and older brother to gangster [[Al Capone]]
* [[Arthur Cirilli|Arthur A. Cirilli]], Wisconsin State Senator and Douglas County Circuit Court Judge
* [[Chester P. Emunson]], [[Michigan]] State Representative
* [[C.L. Harrington]], Superintendent of Wisconsin State Forests and Parks, nature photographer<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-mss00004|title=Archival Resources in Wisconsin: Descriptive Finding Aids: Summary Information}}</ref>
* [[Everis A. Hayes]], U.S. Representative from [[California]] 
* [[Leon L. Lewis]], attorney and co-founder of the Anti-Defamation League
*[[Sarah McNeel Lockwood]], novelist, notable work ''Fistful of Stars''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n85158473/ |title=The grace of old fashions in furnishing / |publisher=Worldcat.org |date= |access-date=2022-06-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35400596-a-fistful-of-stars | title=A Fistful of Stars }}</ref>
* [[Hyman M. Mark]], Wisconsin State Representative
* [[Linton McNeel]], pioneer attorney; practiced law in Hurley from 1886 until 1892–1893,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/358686827/ |title=9 Dec 1886, 1 - Montreal River Miner and Iron County Republican at |publisher=Newspapers.com |date= |access-date=2022-06-05}}</ref> 
* [[Lotta Morgan]], born Laura Whitley (some variations include Whiting or Whittlesay)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8595419/hurley-and-the-murder-of-lotta-morgan/|title=Hurley and the murder of Lotta Morgan. 1890|newspaper=The Oshkosh Northwestern|date=16 April 1890|page=1}}</ref> Famed Hurley character, mistress, purported escort and unsolved murder victim.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/358549795/?terms=Lotta%20Morgan&match=1 |title=12 Apr 1890, 1 - Gogebic Iron Tribune at |publisher=Newspapers.com |date= |access-date=2022-06-05}}</ref>
* [[Alvin O'Konski]], U.S. Representative
* [[Frank Olson]], [[bio-weaponeer]] who died under suspicious circumstances
* [[Albert L. Osborn]], Wisconsin State Representative
* [[Nell Ziff Pekarsky]], President of Junior Hadassah, 1938–1941; assistant to Rabbi Mordechai Kaplan, founder of the Reconstructionist Movement<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jwa.org/weremember/pekarsky-nell|title = Nell Ziff Pekarsky, 1910 - 1998}}</ref>
* [[Alex J. Raineri]], Wisconsin State Representative and Iron County Circuit Court Judge, 1978–1980
* [[Hugh Fay]] [H.F.] Ringo, Montreal Mining Company physician; member, Committee for the Prevention of Silicosis through Medical Control
* [[Philip Romiti]], Dean, DePaul University Law School; Presiding Judge in Black Panther and Lindquist cases, Cook County, Illinois<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1985-05-03-8501270428-story.html|title=Philip Romiti, 68, Judge at Major Chicago Trials|website=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=May 3, 1985 }}</ref>
* [[Frank Rooney (baseball)|Frank Rooney]], baseball player
* [[Bob Sohl|Robert (Bob) Sohl]], Olympic bronze medal-winning swimmer in 1948
* [[Joseph Sullivan (FBI)|Joseph Sullivan]], an FBI major case inspector who led the investigation into the [[murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner]] in 1964, depicted in the movie ''[[Mississippi Burning]]''
* [[Richard C. Trembath]], Wisconsin State Representative and Iron County Judge
* [[John P. Varda]], Wisconsin State Representative and Iron County Judge.
* [[Sherman W. Wade]], Wisconsin State Senator
* [[Earl W. Warren]], Wisconsin State Representative
* [[Arne H. Wicklund|Arne Wicklund]], Wisconsin State Representative and Iron County Judge
* [[Paul Zarzyski]], Cowboy poet and educator
{{div col end}}

==In popular culture==
A fictionalized version of Hurley as well as the famed character and murder victim Lotta (Lottie) Morgan was the subject of [[Edna Ferber]]'s 1934 novel ''[[Come and Get It (novel)|Come and Get It]]''.  Ferber did most of her research for the novel while staying at Hurley's [[Burton House (Hurley, Wisconsin)|Burton House]] hotel.<ref>{{cite web |first1 = Mary Hoffmann |last1 = Hunt |first2 = Don |last2 = Hunt |year = 2010 |url = http://hunts-upguide.com/hurley_area_detail.html |title = Hurley Area |work = Hunts' Guide to Michigan's Upper Peninsula |publisher = Midwestern Guides |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110907053751/http://hunts-upguide.com/hurley_area_detail.html |archive-date = September 7, 2011 }}</ref>

In 1954, [[Lewis Reimann|Lewis C. Reimann]] published the book ''Hurley - Still No Angel'',<ref>{{cite book |first = Lewis C. |last = Reimann |year = 1954 |title = Hurley: Still No Angel |location = Ann Arbor |publisher = Northwoods Publishers |oclc = 3731628 }}{{page needed|date= December 2022}}</ref> in which he claimed that crime and corruption were still prevalent in the town.

[[Ralph Capone]], the older brother of [[Al Capone]], died in Hurley in 1974.<ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.nytimes.com/1974/11/24/archives/ralph-capone-81-dies-in-wisconsin-gangster-sought-new-way-of-life.html |title = Ralph Capone, 81 |newspaper = [[The New York Times]] |date = November 24, 1974 |access-date = September 30, 2018 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |last = Aldrich |first = H.R. |year = 1929 |title = The Geology of the Gogebic Iron Range of Wisconsin |location= Madison |publisher = State of Wisconsin |oclc = 223216368 }}
*{{cite book |last1 = Kohlemainen |first1 = John Ilmari |last2 = Hill |first2 = George William |year = 1965 |title = Haven in the Woods: The Story of the Finns in Wisconsin |location = Madison |publisher = [[Wisconsin State Historical Society]] |oclc = 1861314 }}
*{{cite book |last = Liesch |first = Matthew |year = 2006 |title = Ironwood, Hurley, and the Gogebic Range |series = Images of America |location = Charleston, South Carolina |publisher = [[Arcadia Publishing]] |isbn = 9780738540665 |oclc = 76945540 }}
*{{cite book |last = Magnaghi |first = Russell M. |year = 1987 |title = Miners Merchants, and Midwives: Michigan's Upper Peninsula Italians |location = Marquette, Michigan |publisher = Belle Fontaine Press |isbn = 9780942879001 |oclc = 16949543}}
*{{cite book |last = Magnaghi |first = Russell M. |year = 2017 |title = Prohibition in the Upper Peninsula: Booze & Bootleggers on the Border |location = Charleston, South Carolina |publisher = American Palate |isbn = 9781467119443 |oclc = 994225038 }}
*{{cite book |last = Martin |first = Lawrence |year = 1965 |title = The Physical Geography of Wisconsin |edition = 3rd |location =  Madison |publisher = University of Wisconsin Press |oclc = 487635 }}
*{{cite book |last = Oberto |first = Peter |year = 2004 |title = History and Census of the Italian Immigrants from the Seven Towns of the Asiago Plateau on the Gogebic Range of Michigan and Wisconsin |location = Ishpeming, Michigan |publisher = Peter Oberto |oclc = 123573816 }}
*{{cite book |last = Olmanson |first = Eric D. |year = 2007 |title = The Future City on the Inland Sea: A History of Imaginative Geographies of Lake Superior |location = Athens |publisher = [[Ohio University Press]] |isbn = 9780821417072 |oclc = 71126711 }}
*{{cite book |last1 = Ostergren |first1= Robert C. |last2 = Vale |first2 = Thomas R. |year = 1997 |title = Wisconsin Land and Life |location = Madison |publisher = [[University of Wisconsin Press]] |isbn = 9780299153502 |oclc = 468776800 }}
* {{cite book |last = Sturgul |first = Paul A. |year = 1987 |chapter = Italians on the Gogebic Iron Range |title = Italian Immigrants in Rural and Small Town America: Essays from the 14th Annual Conference of the American Italian Historical Association |editor-first = Rudolphs J. |editor-last = Vecoli |location = Staten Island, New York |publisher = American Italian Historical Association |isbn = 9780934675147 |oclc = 17503967 }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Hurley, Wisconsin}}
* [http://www.hurleywi.com Hurley Chamber of Commerce]
* Sanborn fire insurance maps: [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/5838 1888] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/5850 1891] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/5864 1898] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/5879 1905] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/5896 1913] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/5914 1922]
* Wisconsin Historical Society [https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Records?&terms=Hurley&facets=FacetSubject%3a%22cities+and+towns%22&start=0]

<!-- comment out items which are not external links:
* ''Iron County, Wisconsin Diamond Jubilee Edition'', Iron County, Hurley, Wisconsin, 1968.
* ''Rooted in Resources'', University of Wisconsin-Extension, 1993.
* ''St. Mary of the Seven Dolors Golden Jubilee Booklet'', Hurley, 1936.
* Aldrich, H.R., ''The Geology of the Gogebic Iron Range of Wisconsin'', State of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 1929.
* Alanen, Arnold R, ''Homes on the Range: Settling the Penokee-Gogebic Iron Ore District of Northern Wisconsin andd Michigan'', ''Wisconsin Land and Life'', ed. Ostergren, Robert C. and Vale, Thomas R, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI, 1997.
* Connors, Dean, ''Going for the Iron'', New Past Press, Friendship, WI, 1994.
* Liesch, Matthew, ''Ironwood, Hurley, and the Gogebic Range'', Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, SC, 2006.
* Olmanson, Eric D, ''The Future City on the Inland Sea: A History of Imaginative Geographies of Lake Superior'', Ohio University Press, Athens, OH, 2007.
-->

{{Iron County, Wisconsin}}
{{Wisconsin county seats}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Cities in Iron County, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:County seats in Wisconsin]]