Editing Humphrey Bogart

{{Short description|American actor (1899–1957)}}
{{Redirect|Bogart|other uses|Bogart (disambiguation)|and|Bogie (disambiguation)}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Humphrey Bogart
| image = Humphrey Bogart 1940.jpg
| caption = Bogart in 1940
| birth_name = Humphrey DeForest Bogart
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1899|12|25}}
| birth_place = New York City, U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1957|01|14|1899|12|25}}
| death_place = Los Angeles, California, U.S.
| resting_place = [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)|Forest Lawn Memorial Park]], Glendale, California
| occupation = Actor
| years_active = 1921–1956
| spouse = {{plainlist}}
* {{marriage|[[Helen Menken]]|1926|1927|end=div}}
* {{marriage|[[Mary Philips]]|1928|1937|end=div}}
* {{marriage|[[Mayo Methot]]|1938|1945|end=div}}
* {{marriage|[[Lauren Bacall]]|1945}}
{{endplainlist}}
| children = 2, including [[Stephen Humphrey Bogart|Stephen Humphrey]]
| mother = [[Maud Humphrey]]
| signature = Humphrey Bogart signature.svg
| party              = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| module = 
{{Infobox military person| embed=yes
| allegiance = <!-- United States -->
| branch = [[United States Navy]]
| branch_label = [[Military branch|Branch]]
| serviceyears = 1918–1919
| rank = [[Petty officer second class|Petty Officer 2nd
Class]]
| rank_label = [[Naval rating|Rate]]
| servicenumber = 1123062
| unit = {{plainlist|
* {{USS|Granite State}}
* {{USS|Leviathan|ID-1326|6}}
* {{USS|Santa Olivia|SP-3125|6}}
}}
| battles = [[World War I]]
| battles_label= Wars}}
}}
'''Humphrey DeForest Bogart''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|oʊ|g|ɑr|t}} {{respell|BOH|gart}};<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bogart "Bogart."] ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''. Retrieved: March 13, 2014.</ref> December 25, 1899 – January 14, 1957), nicknamed '''Bogie''', was an American actor. His performances in [[classic Hollywood cinema]] made him an American [[cultural icon]].<ref>Sragow, Michael. [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A07E7DB163AF935A25752C0A9669C8B63 "Spring Films/Revivals; How One Role Made Bogart Into an Icon"]. ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 16, 2000. Retrieved: February 22, 2009.</ref> In 1999, the [[American Film Institute]] selected Bogart as the [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars| greatest male star]] of classic American cinema.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.afi.com/100Years/stars.aspx| title=AFI'S 100 Years...100 Stars: AFI's 50 Greatest American Screen Legends| work =[[American Film Institute]]| access-date=March 15, 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010155029/https://www.afi.com/100Years/stars.aspx| archive-date=October 10, 2018| url-status=dead}}</ref>

Bogart began acting in [[Broadway shows]]. Debuting in film in ''[[The Dancing Town]]'' (1928), he appeared in supporting roles for more than a decade, regularly portraying gangsters. He was praised for his work as Duke Mantee in ''[[The Petrified Forest]]'' (1936). Bogart also received positive reviews for his performance as gangster Hugh "Baby Face" Martin in  [[William Wyler]]'s ''[[Dead End (1937 film)|Dead End]]'' (1937).

His breakthrough came in ''[[High Sierra (film)|High Sierra]]'' (1941), and he catapulted to stardom as the lead in [[John Huston]]'s [[The Maltese Falcon (1941 film)| ''The Maltese Falcon'']] (1941), considered one of the first great [[Film noir| ''noir'']] films.<ref name="Sklar">{{cite book | first=Robert| last=Sklar| author-link=Robert Sklar| title=Film: An International History of the Medium| publisher=Thames and Hudson| location=London, England| date=1993| isbn=978-0-13-034049-8}}</ref> Bogart's private detectives, [[Sam Spade]] (in ''The Maltese Falcon'') and [[Philip Marlowe]] (in 1946's [[The Big Sleep (1946 film)|''The Big Sleep'']]), became the models for detectives in other ''noir'' films. In 1947, he played a war hero in another ''noir'', ''[[Dead Reckoning (1947 film)|Dead Reckoning]]'', tangled in a dangerous web of brutality and violence as he investigates his friend's murder, co-starring [[Lizabeth Scott]]. His first romantic lead role was a memorable one, as Rick Blaine, paired with [[Ingrid Bergman]] as Ilsa Lund in [[Casablanca (film)|''Casablanca'']] (1942). Blaine was ranked as [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains| the fourth greatest hero of American cinema]] by the American Film Institute, and Blaine and Lund's romance [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions| the greatest love story in American cinema]], also by the American Film Institute. [[Raymond Chandler]], in a 1946 letter, wrote that "Like [[Edward G. Robinson]] when he was younger, all he has to do to dominate a scene is to enter it."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandler |first=Raymond |title=Selected Letters |publisher=College Trustees, Ltd. |year=1981}}</ref>

44-year-old Bogart and 19-year-old [[Lauren Bacall]] fell in love during the filming of ''[[To Have and Have Not (film)|To Have and Have Not]]'' (1944). In 1945, a few months after principal photography for ''The Big Sleep'', their second film together, he divorced [[Mayo Methot|his third wife]] and married Bacall. After their marriage, they played each other's love interest in the mystery thrillers ''[[Dark Passage (film)|Dark Passage]]'' (1947) and ''[[Key Largo (film)|Key Largo]]'' (1948). Bogart's performances in Huston's [[The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)|''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'']] (1948) and [[Nicholas Ray]]'s ''[[In a Lonely Place]]'' (1950) are now considered among his best, although they were not recognized as such when the films were released.<ref>Steven Jay Scheider, Ed. pp. 244 and 263; 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die, Quintessence Editions Limited, 2003. pp. 244 and 263. {{ISBN|0-7641-5907-0}}.</ref> He reprised those unsettled, unstable characters as a World War II naval-vessel commander in ''[[The Caine Mutiny (1954 film)|The Caine Mutiny]]'' (1954), which was a critical and commercial hit and earned him a third Academy Award nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]], following ''Casablanca'' and his win for his portrayal of a cantankerous river steam launch skipper opposite [[Katharine Hepburn]]'s missionary in the World War I African adventure ''[[The African Queen (film)|The African Queen]]'' (1951), another collaboration with Huston. Other significant roles in his later years included ''[[The Barefoot Contessa]]'' (1954) with [[Ava Gardner]] and his on-screen competition with [[William Holden]] for [[Audrey Hepburn]] in ''[[Sabrina (1954 film)|Sabrina]]'' (1954).

A heavy smoker and drinker, Bogart died from [[esophageal cancer]] in January 1957. Four films he starred in, ''Casablanca'', ''The Maltese Falcon'', ''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'' and ''The African Queen'', made the American Film Institute's [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies|1998 list of the greatest American movies of all time]], with ''Casablanca'' ranked second. Regarding her husband's enduring popularity, Bacall later said, "There was something that made him able to be a man of his own, and it showed through his work. There was also a purity, which is amazing considering the parts he played. Something solid too. I think as time goes by, we all believe less and less. Here was someone who believed in something."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bogdanovich |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Bogdanovich |date=September 1, 1964 |title=Bogie in Excelsis |work=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]] |url=https://classic.esquire.com/article/1964/9/1/bogie-in-excelsis}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
[[File:245 W103 St Bogie plaque jeh.JPG|thumb|alt=See caption|Plaque commemorating Bogart's birthplace, 245 W. 103rd St., [[New York City]]]]

Humphrey DeForest Bogart was born on [[Christmas Day]] 1899 in [[New York City]], the eldest child of Belmont DeForest Bogart and [[Maud Humphrey]].<ref>''Ontario County Times'' birth announcement, January 10, 1900.</ref><ref>[http://www.snopes.com/movies/actors/bogart2.asp Birthday of Reckoning].</ref> Belmont was the only child of the unhappy marriage of Adam Welty Bogart (a [[Canandaigua, New York]], innkeeper) and Julia Augusta Stiles, a wealthy heiress.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.andover.edu/About/NotableAlumni/Pages/shortlist.aspx| title=Phillips Academy – Notable Alumni: Short List| website=www.andover.edu| access-date=November 1, 2016| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027205211/http://www.andover.edu/About/NotableAlumni/Pages/shortlist.aspx| archive-date=October 27, 2016}}</ref> The name "Bogart" derives from the Dutch surname "Bogaert", meaning "orchard".<ref name=Meyers_p5>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=5.}}</ref> "Boomgaard" in modern Dutch means "orchard"; Bogaert is a very common [[Flemish people|Flemish]] surname. Belmont and Maud married in June 1898. He was a [[Presbyterian]], of English and Dutch descent, and a descendant of [[Sarah Rapelje]] (the first female European Christian child born in [[New Netherland]]). Maud was an [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopalian]] of English heritage and a descendant of ''[[Mayflower]]'' passenger [[John Howland]]. Humphrey was raised Episcopalian but was non-practicing for most of his adult life.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20051027025747/http://www.adherents.com/people/pb/Humphrey_Bogart.html "The religious affiliation of Humphrey Bogart"]}}. Adherents.com. Retrieved: January 25, 2011.</ref>

The date of Bogart's birth has been disputed. Clifford McCarty wrote that [[Warner Bros.]] publicity department had altered it to January 23, 1900, "to foster the view that a man born on Christmas Day couldn't be as villainous as he appeared to be on screen".{{explain|reason=How is Dec 23 Xmas day???|date=June 2023}}<ref>McCarty, C. ''The Complete Films of Humphrey Bogart''. Citadel Press (1965), p. 34. {{ISBN|0-8065-0955-4}}.</ref> The "corrected" January birth date subsequently appeared—and in some cases, remains—in many otherwise-authoritative sources.<ref>''Humphrey DeForest Bogart'' at [http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Humphrey_DeForest_Bogart.aspx "Humphrey DeForest Bogart"]. ''encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved October 30, 2014.</ref><ref>Barron, James. [https://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/25/nyregion/merry-birthday-you-too-lifetimes-coping-with-ghost-christmas-present.html "And a merry birthday to you, too!; Lifetimes of coping with ghost of Christmas present"]. ''The New York Times'' archive, December 25, 2000. Retrieved: October 30, 2014.</ref> According to biographers [[Ann M. Sperber]] and [[Eric Lax]], Bogart always celebrated his birthday on December 25 and listed it on official records (including his marriage license).<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 44.</ref>

[[Lauren Bacall]] wrote in her autobiography that Bogart's birthday was always celebrated on Christmas Day, saying that he joked about being cheated out of a present every year.<ref>Bacall 1978, p. 134.</ref> Sperber and Lax noted that a birth announcement in the ''Ontario County Times'' of January 10, 1900, rules out the possibility of a January 23 birth date;<ref name="Sperber p.45" /> state and federal census records from 1900 also report a Christmas 1899 birth date.<ref>Bogart 1995, pp. 43–44.</ref> Bogart's birth record confirms he was actually born on December 25, 1899.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.archives.nyc/blog/2021/5/20/how-to-research-the-vital-records-collection |title=How to Research the Vital Records Collection |publisher=NYC Department of Records & Information Services|date=May 21, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/545a686fe4b059216c7cb8cc/1621610057510-DOOJ3QTJZZBMXUVOPQL1/bogart+b.c..jpg?format=750w |title=Official certificate and record of birth of Humphrey DeForest Bogart}}</ref>

[[File:Maud Humphrey from American Women, 1897 (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|alt=Photo of a standing Maud Humphrey, Bogart's mother|Maud Humphrey in the 1897 book ''American Women'']]

Belmont, Bogart's father, was a [[cardiopulmonary]] surgeon. Maud was a commercial illustrator who received her art training in New York and France, including study with [[James Abbott McNeill Whistler]]. She later became art director of the fashion magazine ''[[The Delineator]]'' and a militant [[suffragette]].<ref name=Meyers_p6-7>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=6–7}}.</ref> Maud used a drawing of baby Humphrey in an advertising campaign for Mellins Baby Food.<ref name=Meyers_8>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=8.}}</ref> She earned over $50,000 a year at the peak of her career – a very large sum of money at the time, and considerably more than her husband's $20,000.<ref name=Meyers_p6>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=6.}}</ref> The Bogarts lived in an [[Upper West Side]] apartment, and had a cottage on a 55-acre estate on [[Canandaigua Lake]] in upstate New York. When he was young, Bogart's group of friends at the lake would put on plays.<ref name=Meyers_p10-11>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=10–11.}}</ref>

He had two younger sisters: Frances ("Pat") and Catherine Elizabeth ("Kay").<ref name=Meyers_8 /> Bogart's parents were busy in their careers, and frequently fought. Very formal, they showed little emotion towards their children. Maud told her offspring to call her "Maud" instead of "Mother", and showed little, if any, physical affection for them. When she was pleased, she "[c]lapped you on the shoulder, almost the way a man does", Bogart recalled.<ref>Sperber & Lax, pp. 5–7.</ref> "I was brought up very unsentimentally but very straightforwardly. A kiss, in our family, was an event. Our mother and father didn't glug over my two sisters and me."<ref name=Meyers_p9-10>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=9–10.}}</ref>

Bogart was teased as a boy for his curls, tidiness, the "cute" pictures his mother had him pose for, the [[Little Lord Fauntleroy]] clothes in which she dressed him, and for his first name.<ref name="Meyers_p9">{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=9.}}</ref> He inherited from his father a tendency to needle, a fondness for fishing, a lifelong love of boating, and an attraction to strong-willed women.<ref name="Meyers_p22">{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=22.}}</ref>

Bogart attended the private Delancey School until the fifth grade and then attended the prestigious [[Trinity School (New York City)|Trinity School]].<ref>Hyams 1975, p. 12.</ref> He was an indifferent, sullen student who showed no interest in after-school activities.<ref name="Meyers_p22" /> Bogart later attended [[Phillips Academy]] in [[Andover, Massachusetts]], a boarding school to which he was admitted based on family connections.<ref name=Meyers_p13>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=13}}</ref> Although his parents hoped that he would go on to [[Yale University]], Bogart left Phillips in 1918 after one semester (although the Phillips Academy website claims he was in the graduating class of 1920).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alumni |url=https://www.andover.edu/our-community/alumni |access-date=March 6, 2023 |website=Andover {{!}} An independent and inclusive coed boarding high school |language=en-US}}</ref> He failed four out of six classes.<ref>Wallechinsky and Wallace 2005, p. 9.</ref> Several reasons have been given; according to one, he was expelled for throwing the headmaster (or a groundskeeper) into Rabbit Pond on campus. Another cited smoking, drinking, poor academic performance, and (possibly) inappropriate comments made to the staff. In a third scenario, Bogart was withdrawn by his father for failing to improve his grades. His parents were deeply disappointed in their failed plans for his future.<ref name="Meyers_p18-19">{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=18–19.}}</ref>

== Navy ==
[[File:Humphrey Bogart yearbook photo - 1918.jpg|upright|thumb|alt=Grainy photograph of Bogart as a young sailor|Enlisting at 18 in the U.S. Navy in 1918, Bogart was recorded as a model sailor.]]

With no viable career options, Bogart enlisted in the [[United States Navy]] in the spring of 1918, during [[World War I]]. He recalled later, "At eighteen, war was great stuff. Paris! Sexy French girls! Hot damn!"<ref name=Meyers_p19>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=19.}}</ref> Bogart was recorded as a model sailor, who spent most of his sea time after the [[Armistice of 11 November 1918|armistice]] ferrying troops back from Europe.<ref name="Sperber p.27">Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 27.</ref> Bogart left the service on June 18, 1919,<ref name=military.com>[https://www.military.com/veteran-jobs/career-advice/military-transition/famous-veteran-humphrey-bogart.html Famous Veteran: Humphrey Bogart.] [[Military.com]]. Retrieved April 16, 2021.</ref> at the rank of [[Petty Officer 2nd Class]].<ref name=Meyers_p19 /> During [[World War II]], Bogart attempted to re-enlist in the Navy but was rejected due to his age. He then volunteered for the [[United States Coast Guard Reserve|Coast Guard Temporary Reserve]] in 1944, patrolling the California coastline in his yacht, the ''Santana''.<ref name=uscg.mil>[https://www.history.uscg.mil/Browse-by-Topic/Notable-People/Celebrities-and-Famous-People/ Celebrities and Other Famous People: A list of people that once served in or was associated with the U.S. Coast Guard.] [[United States Coast Guard|uscg.mil]]. Retrieved April 16, 2021.</ref>

He may have received his trademark scar and developed his characteristic lisp during his naval stint. There are several conflicting stories. In one, his lip was cut by shrapnel when his ship (the {{USS|Leviathan|ID-1326|6}}) was shelled. The ship was never shelled, however, and Bogart may not have been at sea before the armistice. Another story, held by longtime friend [[Nathaniel Benchley]], was that Bogart was injured while taking a prisoner to [[Portsmouth Naval Prison]] in [[Kittery, Maine]]. While changing trains in [[Boston]], the handcuffed prisoner reportedly asked Bogart for a cigarette. When Bogart looked for a match, the prisoner smashed him across the mouth with the cuffs (cutting Bogart's lip) and fled before being recaptured and imprisoned. In an alternative version, Bogart was struck in the mouth by a handcuff loosened while freeing his charge; the other handcuff was still around the prisoner's wrist.<ref>Citro et al. 2005, pp. 240–241.</ref> By the time Bogart was treated by a doctor, a scar had formed. [[David Niven]] said that when he first asked Bogart about his scar, however, he said that it was caused by a childhood accident. "Goddamn doctor", Bogart later told Niven. "Instead of stitching it up, he screwed it up." According to Niven, the stories that Bogart got the scar during wartime were made up by the studios. His post-service physical did not mention the lip scar, although it noted many smaller scars.<ref name="Sperber p.27" /> When actress [[Louise Brooks]] met Bogart in 1924, he had scar tissue on his upper lip which Brooks said Bogart may have had partially repaired before entering the film industry in 1930.<ref name="Meyers_p18-19" /> Brooks said that his "lip wound gave him no speech impediment, either before or after it was mended."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Eyles |first1=Allen |title=Bogart |date=1975 |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-333-18020-4 |page=9 |language=en}}</ref>

== <span id="Turn to acting"></span>Acting ==
=== First performances ===
Bogart returned home to find his father in poor health, his medical practice faltering, and much of the family's wealth lost in bad timber investments.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 28.</ref> His character and values developed separately from his family during his navy days, and he began to rebel. Bogart became a liberal who disliked pretension, phonies and snobs, sometimes defying conventional behavior and authority; he was also well-mannered, articulate, punctual, self-effacing and standoffish.<ref name=Meyers_p22,31>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=22, 31.}}</ref> After his naval service, he worked as a shipper and a bond salesman,<ref name=Meyers_p23>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=23.}}</ref> joining the [[Coast Guard Reserve]].

[[File:Swifty Humphrey Bogart 1922 newspaper.png|thumb|left|325px|alt=Newspaper clipping|Bogart was praised in an October 15, 1922, newspaper review of the play ''Swifty'': "Humphrey Bogart as the erring young man, Tom Proctor, did an excellent bit of work in the main".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1922-10-17/ed-1/seq-8/|title=Chronicling America|website=[[New-York Tribune]]|date=October 17, 1922|via=''Historic American Newspapers'', [[Library of Congress]]}}</ref>]]

Frank Kelly Rich writes that Bogart "dove headfirst into the Jazz Age lifestyle, always up for late night revels... When his meager wages were exhausted, he'd play [[chess]] against all comers in arcades for a dollar a match (he was a brilliant player) to fund his outings." Mike Doyle of [[Chess.com]] writes that "Before he made any money from acting, he would hustle players for dimes and quarters, playing in New York parks and at Coney Island."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bell |first=Steve |date=December 1, 2016 |title=Which Famous Actor Hustled Chess Games in New York City? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/01/nyregion/humphrey-bogart-chess.html}}</ref> Bogart resumed his friendship with Bill Brady Jr. (whose father had show-business connections), and obtained an office job with [[William A. Brady]]'s new World Films company.<ref>Meyers 1997, pp. 24, 31.</ref> Although he wanted to try his hand at screenwriting, directing, and production, he excelled at none. Bogart was [[stage manager]] for Brady's daughter [[Alice Brady|Alice]]'s play ''A Ruined Lady''. He made his stage debut a few months later as a Japanese butler in Alice's 1921 play ''Drifting'' (nervously delivering one line of dialogue), and appeared in several of her subsequent plays.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 29–31.</ref>

Although Bogart had been raised to believe that acting was a lowly profession, he liked the late hours actors kept and the attention they received: "I was born to be indolent and this was the softest of rackets."<ref name=Meyers_p23 /> He spent much of his free time in [[speakeasies]], drinking heavily. A bar-room brawl at this time was also a purported cause of Bogart's lip damage, dovetailing with Louise Brooks' account.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 35.</ref>

Preferring to learn by doing, he never took acting lessons. Bogart was persistent and worked steadily at his craft, appearing in at least 18 Broadway productions between 1922 and 1935, 11 of which were comedies.<ref>{{IBDB name|id=32377}}.</ref> He played juveniles or romantic supporting roles in drawing-room comedies and is reportedly the first actor to say, "[[Tennis, anyone?]]" on stage.<ref name=Meyers_p28>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=28.}}</ref> According to [[Alexander Woollcott]], Bogart "is what is usually and mercifully described as inadequate."<ref>''Time Magazine,'' June 7, 1954.</ref> Other critics were kinder. [[Heywood Broun]], reviewing ''Nerves'', wrote: "Humphrey Bogart gives the most effective performance&nbsp;... both dry and fresh, if that be possible".<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 33.</ref> He played a juvenile lead (reporter Gregory Brown) in [[Lynn Starling]]'s comedy ''[[Meet the Wife (play)|Meet the Wife]]'', which had a successful 232-performance run at the [[Klaw Theatre]] from November 1923 through July 1924. Bogart disliked his trivial, effeminate early-career parts, calling them "White Pants Willie" roles.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-d-x9_VhoEgC&pg=PA32|title=Hollywood Myths: The Shocking Truths Behind Film's Most Incredible Secrets and Scandals|last=Williams|first=Joe|date=October 15, 2012|publisher=Voyageur Press|isbn=978-0-7603-4241-1|language=en|pages=32–34}}</ref>

While playing a double role in ''Drifting'' at the Playhouse Theatre in 1922, he met actress [[Helen Menken]]; they were married on May 20, 1926, at the [[Gramercy Park Hotel]] in New York City. Divorced on November 18, 1927, they remained friends.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 36.</ref> Menken said in her divorce filing that Bogart valued his career more than marriage, citing neglect and abuse.<ref>{{cite news |author=Staff |title=Actress Seeks Divorce |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1927-11-12/ed-1/seq-22/ |work=[[The Evening Star (Washington, D.C.)|The Evening Star]] |location=Washington, DC |date=December 12, 1927 |access-date=February 4, 2018|via=''Historic American Newspapers'', [[Library of Congress]] }}</ref> He married actress [[Mary Philips]] on April 3, 1928, at her mother's apartment in [[Hartford, Connecticut]]; Bogart and Philips had worked together in the play ''Nerves'' during its brief run at the Comedy Theatre in 1924.

Theatrical production dropped off sharply after the [[Wall Street Crash of 1929]], and many of the more-photogenic actors headed for Hollywood. Bogart debuted on film with [[Helen Hayes]] in the 1928 two-reeler ''[[The Dancing Town]]'', which survives intact.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://search.library.ucla.edu/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma99299013506533&context=L&vid=01UCS_LAL:UCLA&lang=en&search_scope=FTVA&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&tab=FTVA_slot&query=title,contains,Dancing%20Town,AND&mode=advanced&offset=0 |title=The dancing town / Daniel Frohman presents ; Paramount Famous Lasky Corp. ; produced by Eugene Spitz ; directed by Edmund Lawrence ; scenario by Adeline Leitzbach. |publisher=[[UCLA Film and Television Archive]]}}</ref> He also appeared with [[Joan Blondell]] and [[Ruth Etting]] in a [[Vitaphone]] short, ''[[Broadway's Like That]]'' (1930), which was rediscovered in 1963.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 39–39.</ref>

=== Broadway to Hollywood ===
[[File:Up the River (film poster).jpg|thumb|upright|left|200px|[[Claire Luce]] and Bogart in ''[[Up the River]]'' (1930)]]
Bogart signed a contract with the [[Fox Film]] Corporation for $750 a week (about $13,933 in 2025). There he met [[Spencer Tracy]], a Broadway actor whom Bogart liked and admired, and the two men became close friends and drinking companions. In 1930, Tracy first called him "Bogie".<ref>"letter from Bogart to [[John Huston]]," displayed in the documentary ''John Huston: The Man, the Movies, the Maverick'' (1989).</ref> Tracy made his feature film debut in his only movie with Bogart, [[John Ford]]'s early [[sound film]] ''[[Up the River]]'' (1930), in which their leading roles were as inmates. Tracy received top billing, but Bogart's picture appeared on the film's posters.<ref name=Meyers_p41>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=41.}}</ref> He was billed fourth behind Tracy, [[Claire Luce]] and [[Warren Hymer]] but his role was almost as large as Tracy's and much larger than Luce's or Hymer's. A quarter of a century later, the two men planned to make ''[[The Desperate Hours (1955 film)|The Desperate Hours]]'' together. Both insisted upon top billing, however; Tracy dropped out, and was replaced by [[Fredric March]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/arthurkennedyman00mack|url-access=registration|title=Arthur Kennedy, Man of Characters: A Stage and Cinema Biography|last1=Macksoud|first1=Meredith C.|last2=Smith|first2=Craig R.|last3=Lohrke|first3=Jackie|date=November 25, 2002|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-1384-3|language=en|pages=[https://archive.org/details/arthurkennedyman00mack/page/90 90]}}</ref>

Bogart then had a supporting role in ''[[Bad Sister (1931 film)|Bad Sister]]'' (1931) with [[Bette Davis]].<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 41.</ref> Bogart shuttled back and forth between Hollywood and the New York stage from 1930 to 1935, out of work for long periods. His parents had separated; his father died in 1934 in debt, which Bogart eventually paid off. He inherited his father's gold ring, which he wore in many of his films. At his father's deathbed, Bogart finally told him how much he loved him.<ref name=Meyers_p48>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=48.}}</ref> Bogart's second marriage was rocky; dissatisfied with his acting career, depressed and irritable, he drank heavily.<ref name="Sperber p.45">Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 45.</ref>

=== In Hollywood permanently: ''The Petrified Forest'' ===
<span id="To Hollywood permanently: ''The Petrified Forest''"></span>
[[File:Bogart Howard Davis Petrified Forest.jpg|thumb|alt=Bogart and Leslie Howard looking at each other, with Davis clinging to Howard|Bogart, Leslie Howard, and Bette Davis in ''[[The Petrified Forest]]'', 1936]]

In 1934, Bogart starred in the [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] play ''Invitation to a Murder'' at the Theatre Masque (renamed the [[John Golden Theatre]] in 1937). Its producer, [[Arthur Hopkins]], heard the play from offstage; he sent for Bogart and offered him the role of escaped murderer Duke Mantee in [[Robert E. Sherwood]]'s forthcoming play, ''[[The Petrified Forest (play)|The Petrified Forest]]''.<ref name="Sperber p.45" /> Hopkins later recalled:

{{blockquote|When I saw the actor I was somewhat taken aback, for [I realized] he was the one I never much admired. He was an antiquated juvenile who spent most of his stage life in white pants swinging a tennis racquet. He seemed as far from a cold-blooded killer as one could get, but the voice[,] dry and tired[,] persisted, and the voice was Mantee's.<ref name=Meyers_p49>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=49.}}</ref>}}

The play had 197 performances at the [[Broadhurst Theatre]] in New York in 1935.<ref name="Meyers_p51">{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=51.}}</ref> Although [[Leslie Howard]] was the star, ''[[The New York Times]]'' critic [[Brooks Atkinson]] said that the play was "a peach&nbsp;... a roaring Western melodrama&nbsp;... Humphrey Bogart does the best work of his career as an actor."<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 46.</ref> Bogart said that the play "marked my deliverance from the ranks of the sleek, sybaritic, stiff-shirted, swallow-tailed 'smoothies' to which I seemed condemned to life." However, he still felt insecure.<ref name="Meyers_p51" /> Warner Bros. bought the screen rights to ''The Petrified Forest'' in 1935.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lebo|first=Harlan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8MNT2noiiz4C&pg=PA1936|title=Casablanca: Behind the Scenes: The Illustrated History of One of the Favorite Films of All Time|location=New York City|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1992|page=49|isbn=978-0-671-76981-9}}</ref> The play seemed ideal for the studio, which was known for its socially-realistic pictures for a public entranced by real-life criminals such as [[John Dillinger]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/31568%257C0/The-Petrified-Forest.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801032206/http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/31568%7C0/The-Petrified-Forest.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 1, 2018|title=The Petrified Forest|work=TCM|date=April 14, 2019|access-date=April 17, 2019}}</ref> and [[Dutch Schultz]].<ref name=Meyers_p52>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=52.}}</ref> [[Bette Davis]] and Leslie Howard were cast. Howard, who held the production rights, made it clear that he wanted Bogart to star with him.
[[File:Humphrey Bogart in The Petrified Forest film trailer.jpg|right|thumb|''The Petrified Forest'' trailer (1936)]]
The studio tested several Hollywood veterans for the Duke Mantee role and chose [[Edward G. Robinson]], who had star appeal and was due to make a film to fulfill his contract. Bogart cabled news of this development to Howard in Scotland, who replied: "Att: Jack Warner Insist Bogart Play Mantee No Bogart No Deal L.H.". When Warner Bros. saw that Howard would not budge, they gave in and cast Bogart.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 52–54.</ref> Jack Warner wanted Bogart to use a [[stage name]] but Bogart declined, having built a reputation with his name in Broadway theater.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 57.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Nollen|first=Scott Allen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ovYWDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA99|title=Warners Wiseguys: All 112 Films That Robinson, Cagney and Bogart Made for the Studio|date=2016|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-1004-7|language=en}}</ref> The film version of ''[[The Petrified Forest]]'' was released in 1936. According to ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'', "Bogart's menace leaves nothing wanting".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/1935/film/reviews/the-petrified-forest-1200411139/|title=The Petrified Forest|work=Variety|date=December 31, 1935|access-date=April 17, 2019}}</ref> [[Frank S. Nugent]] wrote for ''The New York Times'' that the actor "can be a psychopathic gangster more like Dillinger than the outlaw himself".<ref>{{cite news|last=Nugent|first=Frank S.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1936/02/07/archives/heralding-the-warner-brothers-film-version-of-the-petrified-forest.html|title=Heralding the Warner Brothers Film Version of ''The Petrified Forest,'' at the Music Hall|work=The New York Times|date=February 7, 1936|access-date=April 17, 2019}}</ref> The film was successful at the box office, earning $500,000 in rentals ($11,427,014 in 2025), and made Bogart a star.<ref name="shickelbook">{{cite book|last =Shickel|first =Richard|title =Bogie: A Celebration of The Life and Films of Humphrey Bogart|publisher =Thomas Dunne|date =2006 |location =New York, NY|isbn =0-312-36629-9}}</ref> He never forgot Howard's favor and named his only daughter, Leslie Howard Bogart, after him in 1952.

=== Supporting gangster and villain roles ===
<span id="Supporting roles as gangsters and villains"></span>

Despite his success in ''The Petrified Forest'' (an "A movie"), Bogart signed a tepid 26-week contract at $550 ($12,570 in 2025) per week and was [[typecast]] as a gangster in a series of [[B movie]] crime dramas.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 60–61.</ref> Although he was proud of his success, the fact that it derived from [[gangster]] roles weighed on him: "I can't get in a mild discussion without turning it into an argument. There must be something in my tone of voice, or this arrogant face—something that antagonizes everybody. Nobody likes me on sight. I suppose that's why I'm cast as the heavy."<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Bogart|first1=Stephen Humphrey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IS1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PT64|title=Bogart: In Search of My Father|last2=Provost|first2=Gary|date=2012|publisher=Untreed Reads|isbn=978-1-61187-495-2|language=en}}</ref>

In spite of his success, Warner Bros. had no interest in raising Bogart's profile. His roles were repetitive and physically demanding; studios were not yet [[air-conditioned]], and his tightly scheduled job at Warners was anything but the indolent and "peachy" actor's life he hoped for.<ref name="Meyers_p56">{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=56.}}</ref> Although Bogart disliked the roles chosen for him, he worked steadily. "In the first 34 pictures" for Warner's, he told journalist [[George Frazier (journalist)|George Frazier]], "I was shot in 12, electrocuted or hanged in 8, and was a jailbird in 9".<ref name="Shipman68">{{cite book|last=Shipman|first=David|author-link=David Shipman (writer)|title=The Great Movie Stars: The Golden Years|location=London|publisher=Macdonald|year=1989|edition=3rd|page=68}} Shipman indicates the quote is from a 1965 book about Bogart by Richard Gehman citing Frazier. This outline also appears in Frazier's June 2, 1944, profile of Bogart in ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' magazine, p. 59</ref> He averaged a film every two months between 1936 and 1940, sometimes working on two films at the same time. Bogart used these years to begin developing his film persona: a wounded, stoical, cynical, charming, vulnerable, self-mocking loner with a code of honor.

Amenities at Warners were few, compared to the prestigious [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]. Bogart thought that the Warners wardrobe department was cheap, and often wore his own suits in his films. He chose his own dog named Zero, to play Pard (his character's dog) in ''[[High Sierra (film)|High Sierra]]''. His disputes with Warner Bros. over roles and money were similar to those waged by the studio with more established and less malleable stars such as Bette Davis and [[James Cagney]].<ref name="Meyers_p54">{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=54.}}</ref>

[[File:James Cagney Humphrey Bogart in The Roaring Twenties trailer.jpg|left|thumb|alt=Bogart behind a smiling James Cagney in a film trailer|Taking a back seat to [[James Cagney]] in ''[[The Roaring Twenties]]'' (1939), the last film they made together]]

Leading men at Warner Bros. included [[George Raft]], James Cagney and [[Edward G. Robinson]]. Most of the studio's better scripts went to them or others, leaving Bogart with what was left: films like ''[[San Quentin (1937 film)|San Quentin]]'' (1937), ''[[Racket Busters]]'' (1938), and ''[[You Can't Get Away with Murder]]'' (1939). His only leading role during this period was in ''[[Dead End (1937 film)|Dead End]]'' (1937, on loan to [[Samuel Goldwyn]]), as a gangster modeled after [[Baby Face Nelson]].<ref name=Meyers_p69>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=69.}}</ref>

Bogart played violent roles so often that in [[Nevil Shute]]'s 1939 novel, ''[[What Happened to the Corbetts]]'', the protagonist replies "I've seen Humphrey Bogart with one often enough" when asked if he knows how to operate an automatic weapon.<ref name="shute1939">{{cite book | chapter-url=http://www.gutenberg.ca/ebooks/shuten-whathappenedtothecorbetts/shuten-whathappenedtothecorbetts-00-h.html | title=What Happened to the Corbetts | publisher=William Morrow | author=Shute, Nevil | year=1939 | chapter=Chapter 3}}</ref> Although he played a variety of supporting roles in films such as ''[[Angels with Dirty Faces]]'' (1938), Bogart's roles were either rivals of characters played by Cagney and Robinson or a secondary member of their gang.<ref name="Shipman68" /> In ''[[Black Legion (film)|Black Legion]]'' (1937), a movie [[Graham Greene]] described as "intelligent and exciting, if rather earnest",<ref name=Meyers_p67>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=67.}}</ref> he played a good man who was caught up with (and destroyed by) a racist organization.

The studio cast Bogart as a wrestling promoter in ''[[Swing Your Lady]]'' (1938), a "[[hillbilly]] musical" which he reportedly considered his worst film performance.<ref>[[Lax, Eric]]. [[Audio commentary]] for Disc One of the 2006 three-disc DVD special edition of ''The Maltese Falcon''.</ref> He played a rejuvenated, formerly-dead scientist in ''[[The Return of Doctor X]]'' (1939), his only horror film: "If it'd been [[Jack L. Warner|Jack Warner]]'s blood&nbsp;... I wouldn't have minded so much. The trouble was they were drinking mine and I was making this stinking movie."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Senn|first=Bryan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxSBCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA429|title=Golden Horrors: An Illustrated Critical Filmography of Terror Cinema, 1931–1939|date=September 3, 2015|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-1089-4|language=en}}</ref> His wife, Mary, had a stage hit in ''A Touch of Brimstone'' and refused to abandon her Broadway career for Hollywood. After the play closed, Mary relented; she insisted on continuing her career, however, and they divorced in 1937.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 62–63.</ref>

[[File:Bogarts-LIFE-1944.jpg|thumb|alt=Publicity photo of a smiling Bogart and Mayo Methot with their three dogs|[[Mayo Methot]] and Bogart with their dogs (1944)]]
On August 21, 1938, Bogart entered a turbulent third marriage to actress [[Mayo Methot]], a lively, friendly woman when sober but [[paranoid]] and aggressive when drunk. She became convinced that Bogart was unfaithful to her (which he eventually was, with Lauren Bacall, while filming ''To Have and Have Not'' in 1944).<ref name="Bacall" /> They drifted apart; Methot's drinking increased, and she threw plants, crockery and other objects at Bogart. She set their house afire, stabbed him with a knife, and slashed her wrists several times. Bogart needled her; apparently enjoying confrontation, he was sometimes violent as well. The press called them "the Battling Bogarts".<ref name=Meyers_p78,91-92>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=78, 91–92.}}</ref>

According to their friend, [[Julius J. Epstein|Julius Epstein]], "The Bogart-Methot marriage was the sequel to the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]".<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Bogart|first1=Stephen Humphrey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IS1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PT114|title=Bogart: In Search of My Father|last2=Provost|first2=Gary|date=2012|publisher=Untreed Reads|isbn=978-1-61187-495-2|language=en}}</ref> Bogart bought a motor launch which he named ''Sluggy,'' his nickname for Methot: "I like a jealous wife&nbsp;.. We get on so well together (because) we don't have illusions about each other&nbsp;... I wouldn't give you two cents for a [[woman|dame]] without a temper." Louise Brooks said that "except for Leslie Howard, no one contributed as much to Humphrey's success as his third wife, Mayo Methot."<ref name="Meyers_p81">{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=81}}</ref> Methot's influence was increasingly destructive, however,<ref name="Meyers_p81" /> and Bogart also continued to drink.<ref name="Bacall" />

He had a lifelong disdain for [[pretension]] and phoniness,<ref>Interview of son Stephen with [[Turner Classic Movies]] host [[Robert Osborne]] in 1999</ref> and was again irritated by his inferior films. Bogart rarely watched his own films and avoided premieres, issuing fake press releases about his private life to satisfy journalistic and public curiosity.<ref name=Meyers_p76>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=76.}}</ref> When he thought an actor, director or studio had done something shoddy, he spoke up publicly about it. Bogart advised [[Robert Mitchum]] that the only way to stay alive in Hollywood was to be an "againster". He was not the most popular of actors, and some in the Hollywood community shunned him privately to avoid trouble with the studios.<ref name=Meyers_p86-87>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=86–87}}</ref> Bogart once said,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bogart|first1=Stephen Humphrey |last2=Provost |first2=Gary |title=Bogart: In Search of My Father|date=2012|publisher=Untreed Reads|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IS1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PT63|access-date=April 11, 2016|isbn=978-1-61187-495-2 }}</ref>
{{Blockquote|All over Hollywood, they are continually advising me, "Oh, you mustn't say that. That will get you in a lot of trouble," when I remark that some picture or writer or director or producer is no good. I don't get it. If he isn't any good, why can't you say so? If more people would mention it, pretty soon it might start having some effect. The local idea that anyone making a thousand dollars a week is sacred and is beyond the realm of criticism never strikes me as particularly sound.}}

The Hollywood press, unaccustomed to such candor, was delighted.<ref name=MeyersNP>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997}}</ref>

=== Early stardom ===

==== ''High Sierra'' ====

''[[High Sierra (film)|High Sierra]]'' (1941, directed by [[Raoul Walsh]]) featured a screenplay written by [[John Huston]], Bogart's friend and drinking partner, adapted from a novel by [[W. R. Burnett]], author of the novel on which ''[[Little Caesar (film)|Little Caesar]]'' was based.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 119.</ref> [[Paul Muni]], George Raft, Cagney and Robinson turned down the lead role,<ref name="Shipman68" /> giving Bogart the opportunity to play a character with some depth. Walsh initially opposed Bogart's casting, preferring Raft for the part. It was Bogart's last major film as a gangster; a supporting role followed in ''[[The Big Shot (1942 film)|The Big Shot]]'', released in 1942. He worked well with [[Ida Lupino]], sparking jealousy from Mayo Methot.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 128.</ref>

The film cemented a strong personal and professional connection between Bogart and Huston. Bogart admired (and somewhat envied) Huston for his skill as a writer; a poor student, Bogart was a lifelong reader. He could quote [[Plato]], [[Alexander Pope]], [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] and over a thousand lines of [[Shakespeare]], and subscribed to the ''[[Harvard Law Review]]''.<ref name="Sperber p.127" /> Bogart admired writers; some of his best friends were screenwriters, including [[Louis Bromfield]], [[Nathaniel Benchley]], and [[Nunnally Johnson]]. He enjoyed intense, provocative conversation (accompanied by stiff drinks), as did Huston. Both were rebellious and enjoyed playing childish pranks. Huston was reportedly easily bored during production and admired Bogart (also bored easily off-camera) for his acting talent and his intense concentration on-set.<ref name=Meyers_p115>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=115.}}</ref>

==== ''The Maltese Falcon'' ====
[[File:TheMalteseFalcon3 sz175.jpg|thumb|left|175px|Bogart in a publicity picture with the prop Maltese Falcon]]
Now regarded as a classic [[film noir]], ''[[The Maltese Falcon (1941 film)|The Maltese Falcon]]'' (1941) was [[John Huston]]'s directorial debut. Based on the [[Dashiell Hammett]] novel, it was first serialized in the pulp magazine ''[[Black Mask (magazine)|Black Mask]]'' in 1929 and was the basis of two earlier film versions; the second was ''[[Satan Met a Lady]]'' (1936), starring [[Bette Davis]].<ref name=Meyers_p123>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=123.}}</ref> Producer [[Hal B. Wallis]] initially offered to cast George Raft as the [[leading man]], but Raft (then better known than Bogart) had a contract stipulating he was not required to appear in [[remake]]s. Fearing that it would be nothing more than a sanitized version of the pre-[[Production Code]] ''[[The Maltese Falcon (1931 film)|The Maltese Falcon]]'' (1931), Raft turned down the role to make ''[[Manpower (1941 film)|Manpower]]'' with director [[Raoul Walsh]], with whom he had worked on ''[[The Bowery (1933 film)|The Bowery]]'' in 1933. Huston then eagerly accepted Bogart as his [[Sam Spade]].

Complementing Bogart were co-stars [[Sydney Greenstreet]], [[Peter Lorre]], [[Elisha Cook Jr.]], and [[Mary Astor]] as the treacherous female foil.<ref name=Meyers_p125>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=125.}}</ref> Bogart's sharp timing and facial expressions were praised by the cast and director as vital to the film's quick action and rapid-fire dialogue.<ref name="Sperber p.127">Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 127.</ref> It was a commercial hit, and a major triumph for Huston. Bogart was unusually happy with the film: "It is practically a masterpiece. I don't have many things I'm proud of&nbsp;... but that's one".<ref name=Meyers_p131>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=131.}}</ref>

==== ''Casablanca'' ====
[[File:Humphrey Bogart Ingrid Bergman Casablanca Promo Still.jpg|thumb|right|upright|With [[Ingrid Bergman]] in ''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]'' (1942), which earned Bogart the first of three [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] nominations]]
Bogart played his first romantic lead in ''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]'' (1942): Rick Blaine, an [[expatriate]] nightclub owner hiding from a suspicious past and negotiating a fine line among [[Nazi Germany|Nazis]], the [[French Resistance|French underground]], the [[Vichy France|Vichy]] prefect and unresolved feelings for his ex-girlfriend. Bosley Crowther wrote in his November 1942 ''New York Times'' review that Bogart's character was used "to inject a cold point of tough resistance to evil forces afoot in Europe today".<ref>{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1942/11/27/archives/casablanca-with-humphrey-bogart-and-ingrid-bergman-at-hollywood.html|title=''Casablanca,'' With Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman, at Hollywood – ''White Cargo'' and ''Ravaged Earth'' Open|work=The New York Times|date=November 27, 1942|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> The film, directed by [[Michael Curtiz]] and produced by Hal Wallis, featured [[Ingrid Bergman]], [[Claude Rains]], [[Sydney Greenstreet]], [[Paul Henreid]], [[Conrad Veidt]], [[Peter Lorre]] and [[Dooley Wilson]].

Bogart and Bergman's on-screen relationship was based on professionalism rather than actual rapport, although Mayo Methot assumed otherwise. Off the set, the co-stars hardly spoke. Bergman (who had a reputation for affairs with her leading men)<ref name="Sperber p.201">Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 201.</ref> later said about Bogart, "I kissed him but I never knew him."<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 196.</ref> Because she was taller, Bogart had {{convert|3|in|mm|adj=on}} blocks attached to his shoes in some scenes.<ref name="Sperber p.201" />

Bogart is reported to have been responsible for the notion that Rick Blaine should be portrayed as a [[chess]] player, a metaphor for the relationships he maintained with friends, enemies, and allies. He played tournament-level chess (one division below master) in real life,<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bell |first1=Steve |last2=Gorce |first2=Tammy La |date=December 2, 2016 |title=Which Famous Actor Hustled Chess Games in New York City? |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/01/nyregion/humphrey-bogart-chess.html |access-date=December 17, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> often enjoying games with crew members and cast but finding his better in Paul Henreid.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 198.</ref> During the production, Bogart also began playing games of [[correspondence chess]] against American [[G.I.]]s through mail.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=1943-02-01 |title=With Our Postal Players |magazine=Chess Review |last=Collins |first=Jack W. |url= https://archive.org/details/ChessReview1943/page/n61/mode/2up?q=Bogart |location=[[New York, New York]]}}</ref> The series of long distance matches began after a [[Private (rank)|private]] who Bogart versed on set was transferred to the South Pacific. The letters began  to be intercepted by the [[FBI]] due to fears the [[Algebraic notation (chess)|algebraic notation]] used in chess games was actually an [[Secure messaging|encrypted message]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wall (billwall) |first=Bill |date=2007-05-24 |title=Humphrey Bogart and Chess |url=https://www.chess.com/article/view/humphrey-bogart-and-chess |access-date=2024-10-02 |website=Chess.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FBI (FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION) RECORDS HUMPHREY BOGART, 1943, 1947–1951 |url=https://www.marquette.edu/library/archives/Mss/FBI/FBI-series87.php |website=Marquette University |quote="Unusual letters to Bogart, 1943"}}</ref>

''Casablanca'' won the [[Academy Award for Best Picture]] at the [[16th Academy Awards]] for 1943. Bogart was nominated for [[Best Actor in a Leading Role]], but lost to [[Paul Lukas]] for his performance in ''[[Watch on the Rhine]]''. The film vaulted Bogart from fourth place to first in the studio's roster, however, finally overtaking [[James Cagney]]. He more than doubled his annual salary to over $460,000 by 1946 ($7,493,777 in 2025), making him the world's highest-paid actor.<ref name=Meyers_p151>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=151.}}</ref>

Bogart went on [[United Service Organizations]] and [[War Bond]] tours with Methot in 1943 and 1944, making arduous trips to Italy and North Africa (including Casablanca).<ref name=Meyers_p151 /> He was still required to perform in films with weak scripts, leading to conflicts with the front office. He starred in ''[[Conflict (1945 film)|Conflict]]'' (1945,<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 214</ref> again with Greenstreet), but turned down ''[[God Is My Co-Pilot (film)|God Is My Co-Pilot]]'' that year.<ref name=Meyers_p164>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=164.}}</ref>

=== Bogie and Bacall ===

==== ''To Have and Have Not'' ====
[[File:To-Have-and-Have-Not-LIFE-1.jpg|thumb|right|upright|With Lauren Bacall and [[Marcel Dalio]] in ''To Have and Have Not'' (1944)]]
[[File:Bogart and Bacall The Big Sleep.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Bogart and Bacall in ''The Big Sleep'' (1946)]]

[[Howard Hawks]] introduced Bogart and Lauren Bacall while Bogart was filming ''[[Passage to Marseille]]'' (1944).<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Barnes|first1=Mike|last2=Byrge|first2=Duane|date=August 12, 2014|title=Lauren Bacall, Hollywood's Icon of Cool, Dies at 89|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/lauren-bacall-dead-hollywood-icon-719699|access-date=May 1, 2021|website=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en}}</ref> The three subsequently collaborated on ''[[To Have and Have Not (film)|To Have and Have Not]]'' (1944), a loose adaptation of the [[Ernest Hemingway]] novel, and Bacall's film debut. It has several similarities to ''Casablanca'': the same kind of hero and enemies, and a piano player (portrayed this time by [[Hoagy Carmichael]]) as a supporting character.<ref>{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1944/10/12/archives/to-have-and-have-not-with-humphrey-bogart-at-the-hollywood-arrival.html|title=''To Have and Have Not,'' With Humphrey Bogart, at the Hollywood – Arrival of Other New Films at Theatres Here|work=The New York Times|date=October 12, 1944|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> When they met, Bacall was 19 and Bogart 44; he nicknamed her "Baby". A model since age 16, she had appeared in two failed plays. Bogart was attracted by Bacall's high cheekbones, green eyes, tawny blond hair, lean body, maturity, poise and earthy, outspoken honesty;<ref name=Meyers_p166>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=166.}}</ref> he reportedly said, "I just saw your test. We'll have a lot of fun together".<ref name=Meyers_p165>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=165.}}</ref>

Their emotional bond was strong from the start, their difference in age and acting-experience encouraged a mentor-student dynamic. In contrast to the Hollywood norm, their affair was Bogart's first with a leading lady.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 258.</ref> His early meetings with Bacall were discreet and brief, their separations bridged by love letters.<ref name=Meyers_p166-167>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=166–167.}}</ref> The relationship made it easier for Bacall to make her first film, and Bogart did his best to put her at ease with jokes and quiet coaching.<ref name="Bacall">Bacall, Lauren. ''By Myself and Then Some'', HarperCollins, New York, 2005. {{ISBN|0-06-075535-0}}</ref> He encouraged her to steal scenes; [[Howard Hawks]] also did his best to highlight her role, and found Bogart easy to direct.<ref name=Meyers_p173-174>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=173–174.}}</ref>

However, Hawks began to disapprove of the relationship.<ref name="Bacall" /> He considered himself Bacall's protector and mentor, and Bogart was usurping that role. Not usually drawn to his starlets, the married director also fell for Bacall; he told her that she meant nothing to Bogart and threatened to send her to the poverty-row studio [[Monogram Pictures]]. Bogart calmed her down, and then went after Hawks; Jack Warner settled the dispute, and filming resumed.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 263–264.</ref> Hawks said about Bacall, "Bogie fell in love with the character she played, so she had to keep playing it the rest of her life."<ref name=Meyers_p168>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=168.}}</ref> However, Bacall wrote in her memoir about the love she and Bogart shared, "No one has ever written a romance better than we lived it." and she said regarding Bogart's personality, "He was a very gentle soul. He was very strong, and very sure about what he believed in and what he thought was important and not important. He couldn't be pushed around. But he was a gentle man. I was very, very lucky to have even met him, much less have been married to him. He had extraordinary gifts. He was much more of a complete individual than most people are. He had the kind of standards my mother had. Their values were very much the same. It was very interesting. He had tremendous character and a great sense of honor and would not tolerate lies, even if they asked him what he thought of a movie."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-14 |title=One Hell of a Dame: Remembering Lauren Bacall |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/one-hell-of-a-dame-rememb_b_5676295 |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}</ref>

==== ''The Big Sleep'' ====

Months after wrapping ''To Have and Have Not'', Bogart and Bacall were reunited for an encore: the film noir ''[[The Big Sleep (1946 film)|The Big Sleep]]'' (1946), based on the novel by [[Raymond Chandler]] with script help from [[William Faulkner]]. Chandler admired the actor's performance: "Bogart can be tough without a gun. Also, he has a sense of humor that contains that grating undertone of contempt."<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 289.</ref> Although the film was completed and scheduled for release in 1945, it was withdrawn and re-edited to add scenes exploiting Bogart and Bacall's box-office chemistry in ''To Have and Have Not'' and the publicity surrounding their offscreen relationship. At the insistence of director Howard Hawks, production partner [[Charles K. Feldman]] agreed to a rewrite of Bacall's scenes to heighten the "insolent" quality which had intrigued critics such as [[James Agee]] and audiences of the earlier film, and a memo was sent to studio head Jack Warner.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schatz|first=Thomas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwf5SUcfousC&pg=PA217|title=Boom and Bust: American Cinema in the 1940s|date=November 23, 1999|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-22130-7|language=en}}</ref>

The dialogue, especially in the added scenes supplied by Hawks, was full of sexual [[innuendo]]. The film was successful, although some critics found its plot confusing and overly complicated.<ref name=Meyers_p180>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=180.}}</ref> According to Chandler, Hawks and Bogart argued about who killed the chauffeur; when Chandler received an inquiry by telegram, he could not provide an answer.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Hiney|editor1-first=T.|editor2-last=MacShane|editor2-first=F.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=imQoKJKgYoQC&pg=PT103|title=The Raymond Chandler Papers|publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press|year=2000|page=103|isbn=978-0-8021-9433-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=McCrum|first=Robert|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/nov/24/100-best-novels-the-big-sleep-raymond-chandler|title=The 100 best novels: No 62 – The Big Sleep by Raymond Chandler (1939)|work=The Guardian|date=November 24, 2014|access-date=December 4, 2019}}</ref>

==== Marriage to Bacall ====
[[File:Bogart Bacall wedding 1945.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Bogart and Bacall's wedding in 1945]]
Bogart filed for divorce from Methot in February 1945. He and Bacall married in a small ceremony at the country home of Bogart's close friend, [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning author [[Louis Bromfield]],<ref name="Bacall" /> at [[Malabar Farm]] (near [[Lucas, Ohio]]) on May 21, 1945.<ref name="shickelbook" /> They moved into a $160,000 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|1=US|2=160000|3=1945|r=-4}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}}) white brick mansion in an exclusive neighborhood of Los Angeles' [[Holmby Hills]].<ref name=Meyers_p185>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=185.}}</ref> At the time of the [[1950 United States census]], the couple was living at 2707 Benedict Canyon Drive in Beverly Hills with their son and nursemaid. Bacall is listed as Betty Bogart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://1950census.archives.gov/search/?county=Los+Angeles&ed=66-682&page=1|title=Search &#124; 1950 Census|website=1950census.archives.gov}}</ref> The marriage was a mostly happy one but not without its troubles. Bogart's drinking was sometimes problematic and he initially wasn't happy about having his first child, fearing that it would create distance between himself and Bacall. He was a homebody, and Bacall liked the nightlife; he loved the sea, and it made her [[Motion sickness|seasick]].<ref name="Bacall" /> However, Bogart and Bacall never stopped loving each other, a fact Bacall mentions throughout her memoir ''By Myself''.<ref>''By Myself'', Lauren Bacall, 1978</ref> In a 1997 ''[[Parade (magazine)|Parade]]'' magazine cover story, she told reporter Dotson Rader that Bogart said "'If you want a career more than anything, I will do everything I can to help you, and I will send you on your way, but I will not marry you. I've been through it, and I know it doesn't work.' He was right. He loved me and wanted me with him. I made the deal, and I stuck to it, and I'm damn glad that I did."<ref>[https://parade.com/327347/dotsonrader/parade-flashback-lauren-bacall-on-marriage-luck-and-the-choices-she-made/ Parade Flashback: Lauren Bacall on Marriage, Luck, and the Choices She Made]</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.womansworld.com/posts/entertainment/bogart-and-bacall-love-story-169613 | title=The Love Story of Bogart and Bacall | date=February 14, 2019 }}</ref><ref name=Meyers_p188-191>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=188–191.}}</ref>

Bogart bought the ''Santana'', a {{convert|55|ft|m|adj=on}} sailing yacht, from actor [[Dick Powell]] in 1945. He found the sea a sanctuary<ref>Interview with John Huston.</ref> and spent about thirty weekends a year on the water, with a particular fondness for sailing around [[Santa Catalina Island (California)|Catalina Island]]: "An actor needs something to stabilize his personality, something to nail down what he really is, not what he is currently pretending to be."<ref>{{cite book|last=Bogart |first=Stephen Humphrey |title=Bogart: In Search of My Father |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IS1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PT19 |access-date=January 1, 2016 |date=December 5, 2012 |publisher=Untreed Reads |isbn=978-1-61187-495-2 |page=19}}</ref> Bogart joined the [[United States Coast Guard Reserve|Coast Guard Temporary Reserve]] (a forerunner of the modern Coast Guard Auxiliary), offering the Coast Guard use of the ''Santana''.<ref>[http://www.uscg.mil/history/faqs/humphreybogart.asp "Humphrey DeForest Bogart".] ''Coast Guard History'', November 17, 2014. Retrieved: July 31, 2015.</ref> He reportedly attempted to enlist, but was turned down due to his age.<ref>[http://www.militaryhub.com/military-people?id=17 "More than Military: Humphrey Bogart, Actor."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414085100/http://www.militaryhub.com/military-people?id=17 |date=April 14, 2015 }} ''MilitaryHub.com''. Retrieved: July 31, 2015.</ref>

==== ''Dark Passage'' and ''Key Largo'' ====
[[File:Bacall and Bogart Dark Passage.jpg|thumb|upright|right|In ''Dark Passage'' (1947)]]
The suspenseful ''[[Dark Passage (film)|Dark Passage]]'' (1947) was Bogart and Bacall's next collaboration.<ref name="Bacall" /> Vincent Parry (Bogart) is intent on finding the real murderer for a crime of which he was convicted and sentenced to prison.<ref>{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/09/06/archives/dark-passage-warner-thriller-in-which-humphrey-bogart-and-lauren.html|title=''Dark Passage,'' Warner Thriller, in Which Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall Are Chief Attractions, Opens at Strand|work=The New York Times|date=September 6, 1947|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> According to Bogart's biographer, Stefan Kanfer, it was "a production line film noir with no particular distinction".<ref>Kanfer, p. 119</ref>

Bogart and Bacall's last pairing in a film was in ''[[Key Largo (film)|Key Largo]]'' (1948). Directed by John Huston, [[Edward G. Robinson]] was billed second (behind Bogart) as gangster Johnny Rocco: a seething, older synthesis of many of his early bad-guy roles. The billing question was hard-fought and at the end of at least one of the trailers, Robinson is listed above Bogart in a list of the actors' names in the last frame; and in the film itself, Robinson's name, appearing between Bogart's and Bacall's, is pictured slightly higher onscreen than the other two. Robinson had top billing over Bogart in their four previous films together: ''[[Bullets or Ballots]]'' (1936), ''[[Kid Galahad (1937 film)|Kid Galahad]]'' (1937), ''[[The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse]]'' (1938) and ''[[Brother Orchid]]'' (1940). In some posters for ''Key Largo'', Robinson's picture is substantially larger than Bogart's, and in the foreground manhandling Bacall while Bogart is in the background. The characters are trapped during a hurricane in a hotel owned by Bacall's father-in-law, portrayed by [[Lionel Barrymore]]. [[Claire Trevor]] won an [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]] for her performance as Rocco's physically abused, alcoholic girlfriend.

=== Later career ===

==== ''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'' ====
[[File:Humphrey Bogart in The Treasure of the Sierra Madre trailer.jpg|thumb|right|upright|''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'' (1948)]]
Riding high in 1947 with a new 15-year contract with Warners which provided limited script refusal and the right to form his own production company, Bogart rejoined with John Huston for ''[[The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)|The Treasure of the Sierra Madre]]'': a stark tale of greed among three gold prospectors in Mexico. Lacking a love interest or a happy ending, it was considered a risky project.<ref name=liberate>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=September 30, 1953|url=https://archive.org/details/variety191-1953-09/page/n282/mode/1up?view=theater|title=Hard-to-Script Bogart Liberated by Warner|page=3|access-date=February 23, 2024|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref><ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 337.</ref> Bogart later said about co-star (and John Huston's father) [[Walter Huston]], "He's probably the only performer in Hollywood to whom I'd gladly lose a scene."<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 343.</ref>

The film was shot in the heat of summer for greater realism and atmosphere and was grueling to make.<ref name=Meyers_p227>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=227.}}</ref> [[James Agee]] wrote, "Bogart does a wonderful job with this character&nbsp;... miles ahead of the very good work he has done before." Although John Huston won the [[Academy Award for Best Director]] and screenplay and his father won the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] award, the film had mediocre box-office results. Bogart complained, "An intelligent script, beautifully directed—something different—and the public turned a cold shoulder on it."<ref name=Meyers_p229-230>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=229–230.}}</ref>

==== House Un-American Activities Committee ====
Bogart, a liberal [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]],<ref>Porter 2003, p. 9.</ref> organized the [[Committee for the First Amendment]] (a delegation to Washington, D.C.) opposing what he saw as the [[House Un-American Activities Committee]]'s harassment of Hollywood screenwriters and actors. He later wrote an article, "I'm No Communist", for the March 1948 issue of ''[[Photoplay]]'' magazine distancing himself from the [[Hollywood blacklist|Hollywood Ten]] to counter negative publicity resulting from his appearance. Bogart wrote, "The ten men cited for contempt by the House Un-American Activities Committee were not defended by us."<ref>Bogart, Humphrey. [http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/1948-Humphrey_Bogart_on_Hollywood_Blacklist_editorial_pdf "I'm no Communist."] ''Photoplay'', March 1948.</ref>

==== Santana Productions ====
Bogart created his film company, [[Santana Productions]] (named after his yacht and the cabin cruiser in ''Key Largo''), in 1948.<ref name=Meyers_p236>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=236.}}</ref> The right to create his own company had left Jack Warner furious, fearful that other stars would do the same and further erode the major studios' power. In addition to pressure from freelancing actors such as Bogart, [[James Stewart]], and [[Henry Fonda]], they were beginning to buckle from the impact of television and the enforcement of antitrust laws which broke up theater chains.<ref name=Meyers_p235>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=235.}}</ref> Bogart's new contract with Warners had required him to make one film a year for Warners but he only made ''[[Chain Lightning (1950 film)|Chain Lightning]]'' (1950) and ''[[The Enforcer (1951 film)|The Enforcer]]'' (1951) for them during the contract period. In 1953, his contract with Warners was dissolved by mutual consent.<ref name=liberate/>

[[File:LonelyPlaceTrailer.jpg|thumb|left|upright|With [[Gloria Grahame]] in ''In a Lonely Place'' (1950)]]
Except for ''[[Beat the Devil (film)|Beat the Devil]]'' <!--First screened/released in London in late November 1953, released in the US the following March. -->(1953), originally distributed in the United States by [[United Artists]],<ref name="AFIBTD">{{cite web|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/51130-BEAT-THE-DEVIL?sid=e46c0fc6-7896-4332-b3ad-85c64c0f0e7b&sr=3.200943&cp=1&pos=0|title=''Beat the Devil'' (1954)|work=AFI Film Catalog|access-date=January 2, 2019}}</ref> the company released its films through [[Columbia Pictures]]; Columbia re-released ''Beat the Devil'' a decade later.<ref name="AFIBTD" /> In quick succession, Bogart starred in ''[[Knock on Any Door]]'' (1949), ''[[Tokyo Joe (film)|Tokyo Joe]]'' (1949), ''[[In a Lonely Place]]'' (1950), and ''[[Sirocco (film)|Sirocco]]'' (1951). Santana also made two films without him: ''[[And Baby Makes Three]]'' (1949) and ''[[The Family Secret (1951 film)|The Family Secret]]'' (1951).

Although most lost money at the box office (ultimately forcing Santana's sale), at least two retain a reputation; ''In a Lonely Place'' is considered a film-noir high point. Bogart plays Dixon Steele, an embittered writer with a violent reputation who is the primary suspect in the murder of a young woman and falls in love with failed actress Laurel Gray ([[Gloria Grahame]]).<ref>{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1950/05/18/archives/the-screen-three-films-make-their-bows-humphrey-bogart-movie-in-a.html|title=Three Films Make Their Bows; Humphrey Bogart Movie, ''In a Lonely Place,'' at Paramount –Import at Trans-Lux ''Annie Get Your Gun,'' Starring Betty Hutton, Is Presented at Loew's State Theatre|work=The New York Times|date=May 18, 1950|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> Several Bogart biographers, and actress-writer Louise Brooks, have felt that this role is closest to the real Bogart. According to Brooks, the film "gave him a role that he could play with complexity, because the film character's pride in his art, his selfishness, drunkenness, lack of energy stabbed with lightning strokes of violence were shared by the real Bogart". The character mimics some of Bogart's personal habits, twice ordering the actor's favorite meal (ham and eggs).<ref name=Meyers_p240-241>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=240–241.}}</ref>

A parody of sorts of ''The Maltese Falcon'', ''Beat the Devil'' was the final film for Bogart and [[John Huston]]. Co-written by [[Truman Capote]], the eccentrically filmed story follows an amoral group of rogues, one of whom was portrayed by [[Peter Lorre]], chasing an unattainable treasure.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 471.</ref> Bogart sold his interest in Santana to Columbia for over $1&nbsp;million in 1955.<ref name=Meyers_p243>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=243.}}</ref>

==== ''The African Queen'' ====
[[File:The African Queen production still.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Hepburn and Bogart in ''The African Queen'' (1951)]]

Outside Santana Productions, Bogart starred with [[Katharine Hepburn]] in the John Huston-directed ''[[The African Queen (film)|The African Queen]]'' in 1951. The [[C. S. Forester]] novel on which it was based was overlooked and left undeveloped for 15 years until producer [[Sam Spiegel]] and Huston bought the rights. Spiegel sent Katharine Hepburn the book; she suggested Bogart for the male lead, believing that "he was the only man who could have played that part".<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 439.</ref> Huston's love of adventure, his deep, longstanding friendship (and success) with Bogart, and the chance to work with Hepburn convinced the actor to leave Hollywood for a difficult shoot on location in the [[Belgian Congo]]. Bogart was to get 30 percent of the profits and Hepburn 10 percent, plus a relatively small salary for both. The stars met in London and announced that they would work together.

Bacall came for the over-four-month duration, leaving their young son in Los Angeles. The Bogarts began the trip with a [[Film promotion|junket]] through Europe, including a visit with [[Pope Pius XII]].<ref name=Meyers_p248>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=248.}}</ref> Bacall later made herself useful as a cook, nurse and clothes washer; her husband said: "I don't know what we'd have done without her. She [[Lux (soap)|Luxed]] my undies in darkest Africa."<ref name=Meyers_p249>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=249.}}</ref> Nearly everyone in the cast developed [[dysentery]] except Bogart and Huston, who subsisted on canned food and alcohol; Bogart said, "All I ate was baked beans, canned [[asparagus]] and [[Scotch whisky]]. Whenever a fly bit Huston or me, it dropped dead."<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 444.</ref> Hepburn (a [[teetotaler]]) fared worse in the difficult conditions, losing weight and at one point becoming very ill. Bogart resisted Huston's insistence on using real [[leech]]es in a key scene where Charlie has to drag his steam launch through an infested marsh, and reasonable fakes were employed.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 447.</ref> The crew overcame illness, [[Army ant|army-ant]] infestations, leaky boats, poor food, attacking [[hippopotamus|hippos]], poor water filters, extreme heat, isolation, and a boat fire to complete the film.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 444–445.</ref> Despite the discomfort of jumping from the boat into swamps, rivers and marshes, ''The African Queen'' apparently rekindled Bogart's early love of boats; when he returned to California, he bought a classic mahogany [[Hacker-Craft]] runabout which he kept until his death.

His performance as cantankerous skipper Charlie Allnut earned Bogart an [[Academy Award for Best Actor]] in 1951 (his only award of three nominations), and he considered it the best of his film career.<ref name=Meyers_p258>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=258.}}</ref> Promising friends that if he won his speech would break the convention of thanking everyone in sight, Bogart advised [[Claire Trevor]] when she was nominated for ''[[Key Largo (film)|Key Largo]]'' to "just say you did it all yourself and don't thank anyone". When Bogart won, however, he said: "It's a long way from the Belgian Congo to the stage of this theatre. It's nicer to be here. Thank you very much&nbsp;... No one does it alone. As in tennis, you need a good opponent or partner to bring out the best in you. John and Katie helped me to be where I am now." Despite the award and its accompanying recognition, Bogart later said: "The way to survive an Oscar is never to try to win another one&nbsp;... too many stars&nbsp;... win it and then figure they have to top themselves&nbsp;... they become afraid to take chances. The result: A lot of dull performances in dull pictures."<ref name=Meyers_p259-260>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=259–260.}}</ref> ''The African Queen'' was Bogart's first starring [[Technicolor]] role.

==== ''The Caine Mutiny'' ====
[[File:Queeg A.jpg|thumb|right|upright|In ''The Caine Mutiny'' trailer with [[Fred MacMurray]], [[Robert Francis (actor)|Robert Francis]] and [[Van Johnson]]]]
Bogart dropped his asking price to obtain the role of Captain Queeg in [[Edward Dmytryk]]'s drama, ''[[The Caine Mutiny (1954 film)|The Caine Mutiny]]'' (1954). Though he retained some of his old bitterness about having to do so,<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 480.</ref> he delivered a strong performance in the lead; he received his final Oscar nomination and was the subject of a June 7, 1954, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine cover story.

Despite his success, Bogart was still [[Depression (mood)|melancholy]]; he grumbled to (and feuded with) the studio, while his health began to deteriorate. Like his portrayal of Fred C. Dobbs in ''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'', Bogart's Queeg is a paranoid, self-pitying character whose small-mindedness eventually destroys him. [[Henry Fonda]] played a different role in the Broadway version of ''The Caine Mutiny'', generating publicity for the film.<ref name=Meyers_p279-280>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=279–280.}}</ref>

==== Final roles ====
[[File:Sabrina8.jpg|thumb|right|upright|With Audrey Hepburn in ''Sabrina'' trailer]]

For ''[[Sabrina (1954 film)|Sabrina]]'' (1954), [[Billy Wilder]] wanted [[Cary Grant]] for the older male lead but chose Bogart to play the conservative brother who competes with his younger, playboy sibling ([[William Holden]]) for the affection of the Cinderella-like Sabrina ([[Audrey Hepburn]]). Although Bogart was lukewarm about the part, he agreed to it on a handshake with Wilder without a finished script but with the director's assurance that he would take good care of Bogart during filming.<ref name=Meyers_p281>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=281.}}</ref> The actor, however, got along poorly with his director and co-stars; he complained about the script's last-minute drafting and delivery, and accused Wilder of favoring Hepburn and Holden on and off the set. Wilder was the opposite of Bogart's ideal director (John Huston) in style and personality; Bogart complained to the press that Wilder was "overbearing" and "is [a] kind of [[Prussia]]n German with a riding crop. He is the type of director I don't like to work with&nbsp;... the picture is a crock of crap. I got sick and tired of who gets Sabrina."<ref name=Meyers_p283>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=283.}}</ref> Wilder later said, "We parted as enemies but finally made up." Despite the acrimony, the film was successful; according to a review in ''The New York Times'', Bogart was "incredibly adroit&nbsp;... the skill with which this old rock-ribbed actor blends the gags and such duplicities with a manly manner of melting is one of the incalculable joys of the show".<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 495.</ref>

[[Joseph L. Mankiewicz]]'s ''[[The Barefoot Contessa]]'' (1954) was filmed in [[Rome]]. In this Hollywood backstory, Bogart is a broken-down man, a cynical director-narrator who saves his career by making a star of a [[flamenco]] dancer modeled on [[Rita Hayworth]]. He was uneasy with [[Ava Gardner]] in the female lead; she had just broken up with his [[Rat Pack]] buddy [[Frank Sinatra]], and Bogart was annoyed by her inexperienced performance. The actor was generally praised as the film's strongest part.<ref name=Meyers_p288-290>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=288–290.}}</ref> During filming and while Bacall was home, Bogart resumed his discreet affair with [[Verita Bouvaire-Thompson]] (his long-time studio assistant, whom he drank with and took sailing). When Bacall found them together, she extracted an expensive shopping spree from her husband; the three traveled together after the shooting.<ref name=Meyers_p291-292>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=291–292.}}</ref>

Bogart could be generous with actors, particularly those who were blacklisted, down on their luck or having personal problems. During the filming of the [[Edward Dmytryk]]–directed ''[[The Left Hand of God]]'' (1955), he noticed his co-star [[Gene Tierney]] having a hard time remembering her lines and behaving oddly; he coached her, feeding Tierney her lines. Familiar with mental illness because of his sister's bouts of depression, Bogart encouraged Tierney to seek treatment.<ref>"Gene Tierney: A Shattered Portrait". ''The Biography Channel''. Airdate: March 26, 1999.</ref><ref>Tierney and Herskowitz 1978, pp. 164–165.</ref> He also stood behind [[Joan Bennett]] and insisted on her as his co-star in [[Michael Curtiz]]'s ''[[We're No Angels (1955 film)|We're No Angels]]'' (1955) when a scandal made her ''[[persona non grata]]'' with studio head Jack Warner.<ref>Meyers 1997, p. 294.</ref>

Bogart had already been diagnosed with terminal cancer when shooting ''[[The Harder They Fall (1956 film)|The Harder They Fall]]'', a boxing drama with [[Rod Steiger]] in a supporting role. Steiger later mentioned Bogart's courage and geniality during his final performance:

<blockquote>Bogey and I got on very well. Unlike some other stars, when they had closeups, you might have been relegated to a two-shot, or cut out altogether. Bogey didn't play those games. He was a professional and had tremendous authority. He'd come in exactly at 9 a.m. and leave at precisely 6 p.m. I remember once walking to lunch in between takes and seeing Bogey on the lot. I shouldn't have because his work was finished for the day. I asked him why he was still on the lot, and he said, "They want to shoot some retakes of my closeups because my eyes are too watery". A little while later, after the film, somebody came up to me with word of Bogey's death. Then it struck me. His eyes were watery because he was in pain with the cancer. I thought: "How dumb can you be, Rodney"!{{Sfn|Fantle|Johnson|2009|p=140}}</blockquote>

==== Television and radio ====
[[File:Bacall, Bogart, Fonda crop.jpg|thumb|right|upright|With Bacall and [[Henry Fonda]] in the televised version of ''The Petrified Forest'', 1955]]
Bogart rarely performed on television, but he and Bacall appeared on [[Edward R. Murrow]]'s ''[[Person to Person]]'' and disagreed on the answer to every question. He also appeared on ''[[The Jack Benny Program]]'', where a surviving [[kinescope]] of the live telecast captures him in his only TV sketch-comedy performance (October 25, 1953).

Bogart and Bacall worked on an early color telecast in 1955, an [[NBC]] adaptation of "[[The Petrified Forest]]" for ''[[Producers' Showcase]]''. Bogart received [[Billing (performing arts)|top billing]], [[Henry Fonda]] played Leslie Howard's role and Bacall played [[Bette Davis]]'s part. [[Jack Klugman]], [[Richard Jaeckel]], and [[Jack Warden]] played supporting roles. In the late 1990s, Bacall donated the only known [[kinescope]] of the 1955 performance (in black and white) to the Museum of Television & Radio (now the [[Paley Center for Media]]), where it remains archived for viewing in New York City and Los Angeles. It is now in the public domain.

Bogart also performed radio adaptations of some of his best-known films, such as ''Casablanca'' and ''The Maltese Falcon'', and recorded a radio series entitled ''[[Bold Venture]]'' with Bacall.

== Personal life ==

=== Children ===
Bogart became a father at age 49, when Bacall gave birth to their son [[Stephen Humphrey Bogart]] on January 6, 1949, during the filming of ''Tokyo Joe''.<ref name="Bacall" /> The name was taken from Steve, Bogart's character's nickname in ''To Have and Have Not''.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 422.</ref> Stephen became an author and biographer and hosted a television special about his father on [[Turner Classic Movies]]. The couple's second child and daughter, Leslie Howard Bogart, was born on August 23, 1952. Her first and middle names honor [[Leslie Howard]], Bogart's friend and co-star in ''The Petrified Forest''.<ref name="shickelbook" /><ref name="Bacall" />

=== Rat Pack ===
Bogart was a founding member and the original leader of the Hollywood [[Rat Pack]]. In the spring of 1955, after a long party in [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]] attended by [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Judy Garland]] and her husband [[Sidney Luft]], [[Michael Romanoff]] and his wife Gloria, [[David Niven]], [[Angie Dickinson]] and others, Bacall surveyed the wreckage and said: "You look like a goddamn rat pack."<ref name="sperber p. 504.">Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 504.</ref>

The name stuck and was made official at Romanoff's in Beverly Hills. Sinatra was dubbed pack president; Bacall den mother; Bogart director of public relations, and Sid Luft acting cage manager.<ref name="sperber p. 430.">Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 430.</ref> Asked by columnist [[Earl Wilson (columnist)|Earl Wilson]] what the group's purpose was, Bacall replied: "To drink a lot of bourbon and stay up late."<ref name="sperber p. 504." />

=== Illness and death ===
[[File:Humphrey Bogart Grave.JPG|thumb|right|upright|Bogart's niche in the Columbarium of Eternal Light, Garden of Memory of Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California]]

After signing a long-term deal with Warner Bros., Bogart predicted with glee that his teeth and hair would fall out before the contract ended. By 1955, however, his health was failing. In the wake of Santana, Bogart had formed a new company and had plans for a film (''[[John P. Marquand#Popular fiction|Melville Goodwin]], U.S.A.'') in which he would play a general and Bacall a press magnate. His persistent cough and difficulty eating became too serious to ignore, though, and he dropped the project.<ref>The film was subsequently renamed ''Top Secret Affair'' and made with Kirk Douglas and Susan Hayward: Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 509–510.</ref> The film was re-tooled as ''[[Top Secret Affair]]'' and released just two weeks after Bogart's death in 1957, with [[Kirk Douglas]] and [[Susan Hayward]] replacing Bogart and Bacall.

A heavy smoker and drinker, Bogart had developed [[esophageal cancer]]. He did not talk about his health and visited a doctor in late January 1956 after considerable persuasion from Bacall. The disease worsened and several weeks later, on March 1, Bogart had surgery to remove his [[esophagus]], two [[lymph node]]s and a rib. The surgery was unsuccessful, and [[chemotherapy]] followed.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 510.</ref> He had additional surgery in November 1956, when the cancer had metastasized.<ref name="shickelbook" /> Although he became too weak to walk up and down stairs, he joked despite the pain: "Put me in the [[dumbwaiter]] and I'll ride down to the first floor in style." It was then altered to accommodate his wheelchair.<ref>Bacall 1978, p. 273.</ref> [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Katharine Hepburn]], and [[Spencer Tracy]] visited him on January 13, 1957. In an interview, Hepburn said:

{{blockquote|Spence patted him on the shoulder and said, "Goodnight, Bogie." Bogie turned his eyes to Spence very quietly and with a sweet smile covered Spence's hand with his own and said, "Goodbye, Spence." Spence's heart stood still. He understood.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 516.</ref> }}

Bogart lapsed into a coma and died the following day; at the time of his death, he weighed only {{convert|80|lb|kg}}. A simple funeral was held at [[All Saints' Episcopal Church (Beverly Hills, California)|All Saints Episcopal Church]], with music by Bogart's favorite composers: [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] and [[Claude Debussy]]. Among those who attended Bogart's funeral were [[Ingrid Bergman]], [[Mary Astor]], [[Olivia de Havilland]], [[Bing Crosby]], [[James Cagney]], [[Errol Flynn]], [[Henry Fonda]], [[Harry Cohn]], [[Gregory Peck]], [[James Mason]], [[David O. Selznick]] and [[Jack L. Warner]]. Bacall asked Tracy to give the eulogy; he was too upset, however, and John Huston spoke instead:

{{blockquote|Himself, he never took his work too seriously. He regarded the somewhat gaudy figure of Bogart, the star, with an amused cynicism; Bogart, the actor, he held in deep respect&nbsp;... In each of the fountains at Versailles there is a pike which keeps all the carp active; otherwise they would grow over-fat and die. Bogie took rare delight in performing a similar duty in the fountains of Hollywood. Yet his victims seldom bore him any malice, and when they did, not for long. His shafts were fashioned only to stick into the outer layer of complacency, and not to penetrate through to the regions of the spirit where real injuries are done&nbsp;... He is quite irreplaceable. There will never be another like him.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 518.</ref> }}

Bogart was cremated, and his ashes were interred in [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)|Forest Lawn Memorial Park]]'s Columbarium of Eternal Light in its Garden of Memory in [[Glendale, California]]. He was buried with a small, gold whistle that had been part of a charm bracelet he had given to Bacall before they married. On it was inscribed, "If you want anything, just whistle." This alluded to a scene in ''To Have and Have Not'' when Bacall's character says to Bogart shortly after their first meeting, "You know how to whistle, don't you, Steve? You just put your lips together and blow."<ref name=Meyers_p315>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=315.}}</ref>
Bogart's estate had a gross value of $910,146 and a net value of $737,668.<ref>Mendel, Stephen A. [http://www.mendellawfirm.com/blog/uncategorized/famous-estates-legacy-champ-chump-5/ "Famous Estates – Legacy Champ or Chump?: Humphrey Bogart (1899–1957) – Actor."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140428144821/http://www.mendellawfirm.com/blog/uncategorized/famous-estates-legacy-champ-chump-5 |date=April 28, 2014 }} ''Mendel Estate Planning'', August 3, 2012. Retrieved: July 4, 2013.</ref>

== Awards and honors ==
[[File:Humphrey bogart star walk of fame.JPG|thumb|right|upright|Bogart's star on the Walk of Fame, at 6322 Hollywood Boulevard]]

On August 21, 1946, he recorded his hand- and footprints in cement in a ceremony at [[Grauman's Chinese Theatre]]. On February 8, 1960, Bogart was posthumously inducted into the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] with a [[List of actors with Hollywood Walk of Fame motion picture stars|motion-picture star]] at 6322 [[Hollywood Boulevard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.walkoffame.com/humphrey-bogart |title=Hollywood Walk of Fame – Humphrey Bogart |website=walkoffame.com |publisher=Hollywood Chamber of Commerce |access-date=November 21, 2017}}</ref> There is a street named after Bogart in [[San Antonio, Texas]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Merrisa |date=September 30, 2014 |title=San Antonio street names and groupings |url=https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/slideshow/San-Antonio-street-names-and-groupings-94695.php |website=mysanantonio.com}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ [[Academy Awards]]
|-
!Year
!Award
!Film
!Result
|-
| [[16th Academy Awards|1943]]
| Rowspan="3"|[[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
|''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]''
|{{Nom}}
|-
| [[24th Academy Awards|1951]]
|''[[The African Queen (film)|The African Queen]]''
|{{Won}}
|-
| [[27th Academy Awards|1954]]
|''[[The Caine Mutiny (1954 film)|The Caine Mutiny]]''
|{{Nom}}
|}

== Legacy and tributes ==
[[File:Arganda del Rey 09.JPG|thumb|right|upright|2015 [[street art]] of Bogart and Bacall in Spain]]

After his death, a "Bogie cult" formed at the [[Brattle Theatre]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]],<ref>Mazur, Rebecca J. [http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/2/14/brattle-theater-past-tense/ "Past Tense: The Brattle Theatre."] ''The Harvard Crimson'', February 14, 2013. Retrieved: March 12, 2015.</ref> in [[Greenwich Village]], and in France; this contributed to his increased popularity during the late 1950s and 1960s. In 1997, ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' magazine ranked Bogart the number-one movie legend of all time; two years later, the [[American Film Institute]] rated him the [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars|greatest male screen legend]].

[[Jean-Luc Godard]]'s ''[[Breathless (1960 film)|Breathless]]'' (1960) was the first film to pay tribute to Bogart. Over a decade later, in [[Woody Allen]]'s comic paean ''[[Play It Again, Sam (film)|Play It Again, Sam]]'' (1972), Bogart's ghost aids Allen's character: a film critic having difficulties with women who says that his "sex life has turned into the 'Petrified Forest{{'"}}.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Nichols|first=Mary P.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bUV7AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA20|title=Reconstructing Woody: Art, Love, and Life in the Films of Woody Allen|date=August 23, 2000|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-1-4422-0746-2|language=en}}</ref>

The [[United States Postal Service]] honored Bogart with a stamp in its "Legends of Hollywood" series in 1997, the third figure recognized.<ref>Selligman, Craig. [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-books-bogart-idUSTRE71L7DH20110222 "New Humphrey Bogart bio a superficial effort: USPS Humphrey Bogart Legends of Hollywood Stamp."] ''reuters.com,'' February 22, 2011. Retrieved: March 19, 2011.</ref> At a ceremony attended by Lauren Bacall and the Bogart children, Stephen and Leslie, USPS governing-board chair [[Tirso del Junco]] delivered a tribute:

<blockquote>"Today, we mark another chapter in the Bogart legacy. With an image that is small and yet as powerful as the ones he left in celluloid, we will begin today to bring his artistry, his power, his unique star quality, to the messages that travel the world."<ref>Kanfer 2011, p. 248.</ref></blockquote>

On June 24, 2006, 103rd Street between Broadway and West End Avenue in New York City was renamed Humphrey Bogart Place. Lauren Bacall and her son, Stephen Bogart, attended the ceremony. "Bogie would never have believed it", she said to the assembled city officials and onlookers.<ref>Kanfer 2011, p. 249.</ref>

=== In popular culture ===
<!-- ===============({{NoMoreCruft}})===============-->
<!-- Please READ about the use of popular culture in articles before adding any "Popular culture" items.
Please do not add the many minor appearances of this historical figure. This section is only for major cultural appearances where Bogart plays a MAJOR part in the story line, or has an "especially notable" role in what is listed. A verifiable source proving the appearance's notability is required. Random cruft, including TV series appearances, and ALL anime/fiction look-a-like speculation, WILL BE removed. --->

Bogart has inspired multiple artists.
* Two [[Bugs Bunny]] cartoons featured impersonations of the actor: ''[[Slick Hare]]'' (1947) and ''[[8 Ball Bunny]]'' (1950, based on ''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'').<ref>[https://archive.today/20120729235703/http://www.bcdb.com/cartoon/213-Slick_Hare.html "Slick Hare."] ''Big Cartoon Database''. Retrieved: January 25, 2011.</ref><ref>[http://revver.com/video/1081477/bugs-bunny-in-8-ball-bunny "8 Ball Bunny."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119190008/http://www.revver.com/video/1081477/bugs-bunny-in-8-ball-bunny/ |date=January 19, 2011 }} ''revver.com''. Retrieved: January 25, 2011.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTcGeI5nuvw| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211028/FTcGeI5nuvw| archive-date=October 28, 2021|title=bogart – panhandler| date=July 16, 2013|via=www.youtube.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* ''[[The Man with Bogart's Face]]'' (1981, starring Bogart lookalike [[Robert Sacchi]]) was an [[Homage (arts)|homage]] to the actor.<ref>Null, Christopher. [http://www.filmcritic.com/reviews/1980/the-man-with-bogarts-face "The Man With Bogart's Face."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015015635/http://www.filmcritic.com/reviews/1980/the-man-with-bogarts-face/ |date=October 15, 2011 }} ''filmcritic.com'', May 17, 2000. Retrieved: January 25, 2011.</ref> 
* [[Al Stewart]]'s 1976 song "[[Year of the Cat (song)|Year of the Cat]]" was influenced by [[Casablanca (film)| ''Casablanca'']] and begins with the line "In a morning from a Bogart movie, in a country where they turn back time..."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Honigmann |first=David |date=May 10, 2021 |title=Year of the Cat — the long, slow evolution of Al Stewart's best-known song |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://ig.ft.com/life-of-a-song/year-of-the-cat.html}}</ref>
* The lyrics of [[Bertie Higgins]]' 1981 song "[[Key Largo (song)|Key Largo]]" refer to two of Bogart's films, ''[[Key Largo (film)|Key Largo]]'' and ''Casablanca''.<ref name=Billboard>{{cite magazine| first1=Colin| last1=Stutz| title=Lauren Bacall Dies: Her Top 5 Pop Song References| url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/list/6214475/lauren-bacall-dead-music-references| magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]| access-date=October 31, 2015| date=August 12, 2014}}</ref> 
* In 2023, notable artist [[William Kentridge]] included a drawing of Bogart in his solo museum exhibition at [[The Broad]] in [[Los Angeles]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Amadour |date=2022-12-07 |title=15 Minutes With Visionary Artist William Kentridge |url=https://lamag.com/art/with-a-show-at-the-broad-artist-william-kentridge-talks-hollywood |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=LAmag – Culture, Food, Fashion, News & Los Angeles |language=en}}</ref> 
* In the cartoon ''[[Shirt Tales]]'', Bogey Orangutan was based on the voice and the likeness of Bogart.

== Filmography ==
{{Main|Humphrey Bogart on stage, screen, radio and television}}

== <span id="Radio appearances (notable)"></span>Notable radio appearances ==
[[File:Humphrey Bogart - Here's how I remember! Whitman's Sampler, 1954.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Magazine ad in 1954]]
[[File:Humphrey Bogart in Dark Victory trailer.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Trailer for ''[[Dark Victory]]'', 1939]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Date!! Program !! Episode
|-
| April 17, 1939|| ''[[Lux Radio Theatre]]'' || ''[[Bullets or Ballots]]''<ref name="radioclassics-siriusXM">{{cite episode |title=Radio Classics: Bullets or Ballots rebroadcast |url=http://www.gregbellmedia.com |access-date=November 18, 2015 |series=Radio Classics |network=Sirius XM |station=Channel 148 |date=November 18, 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| 1940|| rowspan="4" | ''The Gulf Screen Guild Theater'' || ''The Petrified Forest''
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1941|| ''If Only She Could Cook''
|-
| ''The amazing Dr. Clitterhouse''
|-
| ''If You Could Only Cook''
|-
|January 4, 1942|| rowspan="3" |''[[The Screen Guild Theater]]''||''High Sierra''<ref name="sierraradio1">{{cite web |url=http://radiogoldindex.com/cgi-local/p2.cgi?ProgramName=The+Gulf+Screen+Guild+Theatre |title=The Gulf Screen Guild Theatre |publisher=RadioGOLDINdex |access-date=November 2, 2015 |archive-date=December 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205003237/http://radiogoldindex.com/cgi-local/p2.cgi?ProgramName=The+Gulf+Screen+Guild+Theatre |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Archive Screen Guild">{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenGuildTheater |title=Screen Guild Theater |publisher=[[Internet Archive]] |access-date=November 2, 2015}}</ref>
|-
|1943||''Casablanca''<ref name="casablanca-ultimate">{{cite AV media| people =Bogart, Humphrey; Ingrid Bergman, Paul Henreid|year =1942|title =Casablanca: The Ultimate Collector's Edition| medium=multi-disc DVD set| publisher =Warner Home Video}}</ref>
|-
|September 20, 1943||''The Maltese falcon''<ref name="falconradio2">{{cite book |author=Terrace, Vincent |title=Radio Programs, 1924–1984:A Catalog of Over 1800 Shows |year=1999 |publisher=McFarland |location=Jefferson, NC|isbn=0-7864-0351-9}}</ref><ref name="falcon3disc">{{cite AV media| people =Bogart, Humphrey; Mary Astor, Gladys George|year =1941|title =The Maltese Falcon 3 Disc Special Edition| medium=multi-disc DVD set| publisher=Warner Home Video}}</ref>
|-
| 1944|| ''[[Screen Guild Players]]'' || ''[[High Sierra (film)|High Sierra]]''<ref name="sierraradio2">{{cite journal |title=Those Were The Days |journal=Nostalgia Digest |date=Summer 2015 |volume=41|issue=3|pages=32–39}}</ref>
|-
| April 30, 1945|| ''[[Lux Radio Theatre]]'' || ''Moontide''
|-
|July 3, 1946||''[[Academy Award Theater]]''||''The Maltese Falcon''<ref name=falcon3disc />
|-
| 1946|| rowspan="2" | ''[[Lux Radio Theatre]]'' || ''[[To Have and Have Not (film)|To Have and Have Not]]''<ref>{{cite news| title=Bacall & Bogart Lux Theatre Stars| url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3335246/harrisburg_telegraph/| work=Harrisburg Telegraph| date=October 12, 1946| page=17| via=[[Newspapers.com]]| access-date = October 1, 2015}} {{Open access}}</ref>
|-
| April 18, 1949|| ''Treasure of the Sierra Madre''
|-
| 1951–52|| ''[[Bold Venture]]'' || 78-episode series
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1952|| ''[[The Screen Guild Theater|Stars in the Air]]'' || ''[[The House on 92nd Street]]''<ref>{{cite journal| title=Those Were the Days| journal=Nostalgia Digest| date=Spring 2009| volume=35| issue=2| pages=32–39}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Lux Radio Theatre]]'' || ''[[The African Queen (film)|The African Queen]]''<ref>{{cite news| last1=Kirby| first1=Walter| title=Better Radio Programs for the Week| url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2591748/the_decatur_daily_review/| work=[[The Decatur Daily Review]]| date=December 14, 1952| page=54}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
* [[Bogart–Bacall syndrome]]
* [[List of actors with Academy Award nominations]]
* [[List of amateur chess players]]
* [[List of members of the American Legion]]

== References ==
'''Notes'''
{{Reflist}}

'''Bibliography'''
{{Refbegin}}
* Bogart (song by Nik Kershaw, from the album "Human Racing")
* Bacall, Lauren. ''By Myself''. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1979. {{ISBN|0-394-41308-3}}.
* Bogart, Stephen Humphrey. ''Bogart: In Search of My Father''. New York: Dutton, 1995. {{ISBN|0-525-93987-3}}.
* Citro, Joseph A., Mark Sceurman and Mark Moran.''Weird New England''. New York: Sterling, 2005. {{ISBN|1-4027-3330-5}}.
* {{cite book |last1=Fantle |first1=David |last2=Johnson |first2=Tom |title=25 Years of Celebrity Interviews from Vaudeville to Movies to TV, Reel to Real |date=2009 |publisher=Badger Books Inc. |isbn=978-1-932542-04-2}}
* Halliwell, Leslie. ''Halliwell's Film, Video and DVD Guide''. New York: HarperCollins Entertainment, 2004. {{ISBN|0-00-719081-6}}.
* Hepburn, Katharine. ''The Making of the African Queen''. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1987. {{ISBN|0-394-56272-0}}.
* Hill, Jonathan and Jonah Ruddy. ''Bogart: The Man and the Legend''. London: Mayflower-Dell, 1966.
* ''History of the U.S.S. Leviathan, Cruiser and Transport Forces, United States Atlantic Fleet'', pp.&nbsp;207–208.{{Full citation needed|date=February 2020}}
* ''Humphrey Bogart.'' ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', June 7, 1954.
* Hyams, Joe. ''Bogart and Bacall: A Love Story''. New York: David McKay Co., Inc., 1975. {{ISBN|0-446-91228-X}}.
* Hyams, Joe. ''Bogie: The Biography of Humphrey Bogart''. New York: New American Library, 1966 (later editions renamed as: ''Bogie: The Definitive Biography of Humphrey Bogart''). {{ISBN|0-451-09189-2}}.
* Kanfer, Stefan. ''Tough Without A Gun: The Life and Extraordinary Afterlife of Humphrey Bogart.'' New York: Knopf, 2011. {{ISBN|978-0-307-27100-6}}.
* {{cite book| last=Meyers| first=Jeffrey| title=Bogart: A Life in Hollywood| year=1997| publisher=Andre Deutsch| location=London| isbn=978-0-395-77399-4| url=https://archive.org/details/bogartlifeinholl00meye}}
* Michael, Paul. ''Humphrey Bogart: The Man and his Films''. New York: Bonanza Books, 1965. No ISBN.
* Porter, Darwin. ''The Secret Life of Humphrey Bogart: The Early Years (1899–1931)''. New York: Georgia Literary Association, 2003. {{ISBN|0-9668030-5-1}}.
* Pym, John, ed. ''"Time Out" Film Guide''. London: Time Out Group Ltd., 2004. {{ISBN|1-904978-21-5}}.
* Santas, Constantine, ''The Essential Humphrey Bogart.'' Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016. {{ISBN|978-1-4422-6093-1}}.
* Shickel, Richard. ''Bogie: A Celebration of the Life and Films of Humphrey Bogart.'' New York: Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Press, 2006. {{ISBN|978-0-312-36629-2}}.
* Sperber, A. M. and Eric Lax. ''Bogart''. New York: William Morrow & Co., 1997. {{ISBN|0-688-07539-8}}.
* Tierney, Gene with Mickey Herskowitz. ''Self-Portrait''. New York: Peter Wyden, 1979. {{ISBN|0-88326-152-9}}.
* Wallechinsky, David and Amy Wallace. ''[[The New Book of Lists]]''. Edinburgh, Scotland: Canongate, 2005. {{ISBN|1-84195-719-4}}.
* Wise, James. ''Stars in Blue: Movie Actors in America's Sea Services''. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1997. {{ISBN|1-55750-937-9}}. {{OCLC|36824724}}
* Youngkin, Stephen D. ''The Lost One: A Life of Peter Lorre''. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky, 2005, {{ISBN|0-8131-2360-7}}.
{{Refend}}

== External links ==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{IMDb name|7}}
* {{IBDB name}}
* {{TCMDb name}}

{{AcademyAwardBestActor 1941–1960}}
{{Rat Pack}}
{{portal bar|Biography|Film|Radio|United States}}
{{Authority control}}

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