Editing Hugoton, Kansas

{{Short description|City in Stevens County, Kansas}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Hugoton, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]] and [[County seat]]
|nickname                 = [[Natural Gas]] Capital

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = StevensCoCH.jpg
|image_caption            = Stevens County Courthouse (2009)
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Stevens_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Hugoton_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Stevens County, Kansas|Stevens County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Stevens Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Stevens County, Kansas|Stevens County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name=gnis/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|37|10|28|N|101|20|41|W|region:US-KS_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Stevens County, Kansas|Stevens]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1885
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1910
|named_for                = [[Victor Hugo]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              = Matthew D. Rome

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 2.08
|area_land_sq_mi          = 2.08
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_total_km2           = 5.39
|area_land_km2            = 5.39
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 3107

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 3747
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 67951
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 620|620]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-33425 
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 2394441<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2394441}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|http://cityofhugoton.com/|cityofhugoton.com}}
}}

'''Hugoton''' {{IPAc-en|h|j|uː|g|ə|t|ə|n}} is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Stevens County, Kansas|Stevens County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name=gnis/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 3,747.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Hugoton, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2033425 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=November 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115151916/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2033425 |archive-date=November 15, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Hugoton, Kansas (1891).jpg|thumb|left|Hugoton, 1891]]
Settlers from [[McPherson, Kansas|McPherson]] established a settlement in what was then west-central [[Seward County, Kansas|Seward County]] in 1885.<ref name=Butler>{{cite web |last=Butler |first=Ken |title=Kansas Blood Spilled Into Oklahoma |date=31 Jul 2005 |url=http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/stevens/haymeadow.html |access-date=2009-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090419075715/http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/stevens/haymeadow.html |archive-date=2009-04-19 }}</ref><ref name=StevensCo>{{Citation |contribution=Stevens County |title=Kansas: a cyclopedia of state history, embracing events, institutions, industries, counties, cities, towns, prominent persons, etc. |editor-last=Blackmar |editor-first=Frank W. |volume=2 |pages=764–766 |place=[[Chicago]] |publisher=Standard |year=1912 |contribution-url=http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/archives/1912/s/stevens_county.html |access-date=2009-12-06}}</ref> They originally named this settlement Hugo in honor of [[French people|French]] writer [[Victor Hugo]], but then changed its name to Hugoton to distinguish it from [[Hugo, Colorado]].<ref name=Hugo>{{cite book |title=History of Kansas Newspapers |page=304 |place=[[Topeka, Kansas]] |publisher=[[Kansas Historical Society|Kansas State Historical Society and Department of Archives]] |date=1916 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofkansasn00kansuoft/page/304/mode/2up}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Gannett, Henry |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ |title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States |publisher=Govt. Print. Off. |year=1905 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n162 163]}}</ref> Hugoton's first church, Hugoton United Methodist, was also the first in Stevens County and was founded in 1886; it is still active as of 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.umc.org/find-a-church/church/68386|title=Hugoton United Methodist Church (Hugoton, KS) - Find-A-Church |last=Communications |first=United Methodist |website=The United Methodist Church |language=en |access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref> The first post office in Hugoton was established in April 1886.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961 |url=http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/page:1/county:SV/sort:txt_postoffice_name/direction:asc |publisher=Kansas Historical Society |access-date=23 June 2014}}</ref>

In 1886, the [[Kansas Legislature]] reestablished the surrounding area as Stevens County, and [[John Martin (Governor of Kansas)|Gov. John Martin]] designated Hugoton as the interim county seat. This set off a violent [[county seat war]] with nearby [[Woodsdale, Kansas|Woodsdale]]. Hugoton became the permanent county seat in 1887, but the conflict continued, culminating in the [[Hay Meadow Massacre]] of 1888.<ref name=StevensCo/> Woodsdale founder and attorney [[Samuel Newitt Wood]], heavily invested in the conflict for the county seat, was assassinated by James Brennen, one of the men involved in the Hay Meadow Massacre, outside the Hugoton courthouse on June 23, 1891.<ref>{{Cite web |website=Kansapedia - Kansas Historical Society |url=https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/samuel-n-wood/17866 |title=Samuel N. Wood |access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref>

During the 1890s, economic decline drove many residents to leave for newly opened territories in the [[Southwestern United States|American Southwest]], and the population declined significantly.<ref name=StevensCo/> The [[Santa Fe Railway]] reached Hugoton in 1913, which spurred growth.<ref name=Hugo/><ref>{{cite web |title=Stevens County Kansas Genealogy |url=http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/stevens/index.html |access-date=2009-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505014633/http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/stevens/index.html |archive-date=2011-05-05}}</ref> [[Natural gas]] was discovered southwest of the city in 1927, leading to the development of the [[Hugoton Natural Gas Area]] and the transformation of Hugoton into a major center of natural gas extraction.<ref>{{cite web |title=Stevens County, Kansas |work=Kansapedia |publisher=[[Kansas Historical Society]] |url=http://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/stevens-county-kansas/15349 |access-date=2011-05-02}}</ref>

Hugoton reportedly served as a temporary home for infamous criminals Bonnie and Clyde.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://stevenscounty.advantage-preservation.com/ |title=Search For |website=Stevens County Library|access-date=2019-07-09}}{{failed verification|date=June 2022}}{{fcn |date=January 2024}}</ref> They lived in the unincorporated areas near Hugoton, assuming the aliases of Jewell and Blackie Underwood. Jewell operated a cafe, Jewell's Cafe, and Blackie reportedly worked on area farms. Locals believed they ran a bootlegging operation out of the cafe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hdnews.net/article/20101230/NEWS/312309833|title=Stevens County: 1969 Hutch News interview with Claude French about Bonnie and Clyde|website=The Hays Daily News|language=en |access-date=2019-07-01}}</ref> Clyde was officially in prison during the time they are claimed to be in the Hugoton area,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Bonnie and Clyde: a biography|last=Hendley, Nate |date=2007 |publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=9780313338717 |location=Westport, Conn.|oclc=80360895}}</ref> but locals still insist Jewell and Blackie were Bonnie and Clyde. Receipts from Jewel's Cafe were found in the duo's vehicle after their deaths in a 1934 shoot-out.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bonnie and Clyde |url=https://vault.fbi.gov/Bonnie%20and%20Clyde |website=FBI |language=en-us|access-date=2019-07-09}}</ref>

In the mid-1930s, Hugoton, along with much of Kansas and parts of other nearby states, suffered the effects of the [[Dust Bowl]], which ravaged the Great Plains in waves between 1934 and 1940.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weather.gov/oun/events-19350414|title=The Black Sunday Dust Storm of April 14, 1935|last=US Department of Commerce|first=NOAA|website=weather.gov|language=EN-US|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref> Southwest Kansas was hit particularly hard between 1932 and 1936.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/209526|title=Dust clouds rolling over the prairies, Hugoton, Kansas - Kansas Memory |website=kansasmemory.org|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref> The famous [[Black Sunday (storm)|"Black Sunday" dust storm]] that marks the naming of the Dust Bowl as a geographic area encompassing most of the mid-United States and affecting the entire country, hit Hugoton and neighboring towns in multiple counties and in Oklahoma early on April 14, 1935.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/dust-bowl|title=Dust Bowl|website=history.com|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref>

==Geography==
Located in southwestern Kansas at the intersection of [[U.S. Route 56 in Kansas|U.S. Route 56]], [[K-25 (Kansas highway)|K-25]], and [[K-51 (Kansas highway)|K-51]], Hugoton is approximately {{convert|136|mi|km}} north of [[Amarillo, Texas|Amarillo]], {{convert|222|mi|km}} west-southwest of [[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]], and {{convert|271|mi|km}} southeast of [[Denver]].<ref name=KDOT/><ref>{{cite web | title = City Distance Tool | publisher = [[Geobytes]] | url = http://www.geobytes.com/citydistancetool.htm | access-date = 2010-08-08 | archive-date = 2010-10-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101005175701/http://geobytes.com/CityDistanceTool.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref>

It lies in the [[High Plains (United States)|High Plains]] region of the [[Great Plains]], approximately {{convert|11|mi|km}} southeast of the [[Cimarron River (Arkansas River)|Cimarron River]].<ref name=KDOT>{{cite web | title = 2003-2004 Official Transportation Map | publisher = [[Kansas Department of Transportation]] | year = 2003 | url = http://www.ksdot.org/burtransplan/maps/HistoricStateMaps/2003-04Mapside.pdf | access-date = 2011-05-24}}</ref><ref name=CountyMap>{{cite web | title = General Highway Map - Stevens County, Kansas | publisher = [[Kansas Department of Transportation]] | date = 2010-10-01 | url = http://www.ksdot.org/burtransplan/maps/county-pdf/stevens.PDF | access-date = 2011-05-24}}</ref> It also lies within, and is the namesake of, the [[Hugoton Natural Gas Area]]. The Hugoton [[natural gas field]] is the largest such field in North America and the second largest in the world.<ref>{{cite web | title = Background | work = The Hugoton Project | publisher = [[Kansas Geological Survey]] | date = January 2001 | url = http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hugoton/background.html | access-date = 2009-11-24}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|1.75|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref>

===Climate===
Hugoton has a [[Semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|semi-arid steppe climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification#Group B: Arid (desert and semi-arid) climates|Köppen ''BSk'']]) with hot, dry summers and cold, dry winters. The hottest temperature recorded in Hugoton was {{convert|116|F|C|1}} on June 25, 1911, which along with [[Clay Center, Kansas|Clay Center]] on the same day, is the highest temperature recorded in Kansas in June. Hugoton also holds the state record high for March. The coldest temperature was {{convert|-22|F|C|1}} on January 7, 1912.<ref name = NOWData/>

{{Weather box
|location = Hugoton, Kansas, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1904–present
|single line = Yes

|Jan record high F = 82
|Feb record high F = 88
|Mar record high F = 100
|Apr record high F = 100
|May record high F = 104
|Jun record high F = 116
|Jul record high F = 110
|Aug record high F = 114
|Sep record high F = 107
|Oct record high F = 97
|Nov record high F = 90
|Dec record high F = 84

|Jan avg record high F = 70.1
|Feb avg record high F = 76.4
|Mar avg record high F = 83.8
|Apr avg record high F = 89.9
|May avg record high F = 95.3
|Jun avg record high F = 101.4
|Jul avg record high F = 102.9
|Aug avg record high F = 100.4
|Sep avg record high F = 97.1
|Oct avg record high F = 91.5
|Nov avg record high F = 79.6
|Dec avg record high F = 69.5
|year avg record high F = 104.1

|Jan high F = 47.4
|Feb high F = 51.5
|Mar high F = 60.6
|Apr high F = 69.0
|May high F = 78.6
|Jun high F = 88.3
|Jul high F = 92.3
|Aug high F = 89.7
|Sep high F = 82.9
|Oct high F = 70.5
|Nov high F = 57.7
|Dec high F = 47.1
|year high F = 

|Jan mean F = 33.7
|Feb mean F = 37.1
|Mar mean F = 45.6
|Apr mean F = 54.2
|May mean F = 64.4
|Jun mean F = 74.1
|Jul mean F = 78.4
|Aug mean F = 76.3
|Sep mean F = 68.8
|Oct mean F = 56.0
|Nov mean F = 43.5
|Dec mean F = 34.0
|year mean F = 

|Jan low F = 20.1
|Feb low F = 22.6
|Mar low F = 30.7
|Apr low F = 39.4
|May low F = 50.2
|Jun low F = 59.9
|Jul low F = 64.6
|Aug low F = 62.9
|Sep low F = 54.8
|Oct low F = 41.6
|Nov low F = 29.3
|Dec low F = 21.0
|year low F = 

|Jan avg record low F = 3.2
|Feb avg record low F = 6.9
|Mar avg record low F = 13.3
|Apr avg record low F = 24.7
|May avg record low F = 36.4
|Jun avg record low F = 49.2
|Jul avg record low F = 56.8
|Aug avg record low F = 54.8
|Sep avg record low F = 40.8
|Oct avg record low F = 25.9
|Nov avg record low F = 12.4
|Dec avg record low F = 3.5
|year avg record low F = -2.3

|Jan record low F = -22
|Feb record low F = -21
|Mar record low F = -5
|Apr record low F = 14
|May record low F = 19
|Jun record low F = 38
|Jul record low F = 42
|Aug record low F = 38
|Sep record low F = 24
|Oct record low F = 12
|Nov record low F = -8
|Dec record low F = -16

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.46
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.31
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.14
|Apr precipitation inch = 1.58
|May precipitation inch = 2.18
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.40
|Jul precipitation inch = 2.67
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.17
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.77
|Oct precipitation inch = 1.61
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.51
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.93
|year precipitation inch = 

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 2.0
|Feb precipitation days = 2.2
|Mar precipitation days = 3.4
|Apr precipitation days = 5.1
|May precipitation days = 6.2
|Jun precipitation days = 6.7
|Jul precipitation days = 6.4
|Aug precipitation days = 6.7
|Sep precipitation days = 4.1
|Oct precipitation days = 4.1
|Nov precipitation days = 2.6
|Dec precipitation days = 2.8

|Jan snow inch = 2.9
|Feb snow inch = 1.5
|Mar snow inch = 2.8
|Apr snow inch = 0.5
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.1
|Nov snow inch = 1.1
|Dec snow inch = 4.0
|year snow inch = 

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 1.1
|Feb snow days = 1.2
|Mar snow days = 1.0
|Apr snow days = 0.3
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.1
|Nov snow days = 0.6
|Dec snow days = 1.2

|Jan snow depth inch = 
|Feb snow depth inch = 
|Mar snow depth inch = 
|Apr snow depth inch = 
|May snow depth inch = 
|Jun snow depth inch = 
|Jul snow depth inch = 
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|Sep snow depth inch = 
|Oct snow depth inch = 
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|year snow depth inch = 

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00143855&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Hugoton, KS
|access-date = November 27, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=ddc
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Dodge City
|access-date = November 27, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=
|1890= 136
|1900= 54
|1910= 105
|1920= 644
|1930= 1368
|1940= 1349
|1950= 2781
|1960= 2912
|1970= 2739
|1980= 3165
|1990= 3179
|2000= 3708
|2010= 3904
|2020= 3747
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 3,747 people, 1,355 households, and 976 families in Hugoton.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:2020/> The population density was 1,800.6 per square mile (695.2/km{{sup|2}}). There were 1,573 housing units at an average density of 755.9 per square mile (291.8/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:2020>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 61.84% (2,317) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (51.45% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 0.48% (18) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 1.44% (54) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.59% (22) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% (0) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 23.81% (892) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 11.85% (444) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 44.62% (1,672) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 1,355 households, 38.1% had children under the age of 18; 56.1% were married couples living together; 22.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 24.2% of households consisted of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:2020/> The average household size was 3.1 and the average family size was 3.6.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 7.0% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

28.6% of the population was under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.9 males.<ref name=:2020/> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 105.1 males.<ref name=:2020/>

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $56,786 (with a margin of error of +/- $12,361) and the median family income was $61,318 (+/- $8,164).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $35,417 (+/- $6,805) versus $17,364 (+/- $7,595) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $26,972 (+/- $4,981).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 12.7% of families and 19.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 25.0% of those under the age of 18 and 16.1% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Hugoton%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]],<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> there were 3,904 people, 1,413 households, and 993 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,168.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,560 housing units at an average density of {{convert|866.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 87.0% [[White American|White]], 0.8% [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian]], 0.3% [[African American]], 0.2% [[Asian American|Asian]], 10.1% from some other race, and 1.6% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]]s or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]s of any race were 36.4% of the population.<ref name=Census2010>{{cite web | title = U.S. Census website | publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]] | url = https://www.census.gov | access-date = 2011-10-01}}</ref>

There were 1,413 households, of which 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.5% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.7% were non-families. 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71, and the average family size was 3.32.<ref name=Census2010/>

In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.3% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.3 males age 18 and over.<ref name=Census2010/>

The median income for a household in the city was $52,161, and the median income for a family was $57,269. Males had a median income of $45,750 versus $33,188 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $20,851. About 11.6% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 22.1% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.<ref name=Census2010/>

===2000 census===
As of the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]], there were 3,708 people, 1,380 households, and 968 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,084.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,579 housing units at an average density of {{convert|887.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 81.53% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.08% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.67% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.32% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 14.51% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.89% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 22.92% of the population.<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>

There were 1,380 households, out of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.25.<ref name="GR2" />

In the city the population was spread out, with 30.5% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.<ref name="GR2" />

The median income for a household in the city was $41,932, and the median income for a family was $50,225. Males had a median income of $37,930 versus $22,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,115. About 6.9% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 2.2% of those age 65 or over.<ref name=Census2010/>

==Economy==
As of 2011, 67.5% of the population over the age of 16 was in the civilian labor force with 64.9% being employed and 2.6% unemployed. The composition, by occupation, of the employed civilian labor force was:  27.2% in management, business, science, and arts; 25.2% in natural resources, construction, and maintenance; 25.0% in sales and office occupations; 14.3% in service occupations; 8.3% in production, transportation, and material moving. The three industries employing the largest percentages of the working civilian labor force were:  agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining (23.0%); educational services, health care, and social assistance (20.7%); and construction (8.3%).<ref name=Census2010/>

The cost of living in Hugoton is relatively low; compared to a U.S. average of 100, the cost of living index for the city is 80.5.<ref name=CityData>{{cite web | title = Hugoton, Kansas | publisher = City-Data.com | url = http://www.city-data.com/city/Hugoton-Kansas.html | access-date = 2013-11-22}}</ref> As of 2011, the median home value in the city was $79,300, the median selected monthly owner cost was $991 for housing units with a mortgage and $445 for those without, and the median gross rent was $628.<ref name=Census2010/>

==Government==
Hugoton is a [[Kansas#Important cities and towns|city of the second class]] with a [[mayor-council government|mayor-council]] form of government. The [[city council]] consists of five members and meets on the first Monday after the 4th day of each month.<ref name="gov1">{{cite web | title = Hugoton | work = Directory of Kansas Public Officials | publisher = The League of Kansas Municipalities | url = http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=459 | access-date = 2011-05-24 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110505135845/http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=459 | archive-date = 2011-05-05 }}</ref> The [[mayor]] and the council members are elected for four-year terms.<ref>{{cite web | title = City Government | publisher = City of Hugoton | url = http://cityofhugoton.com/government.htm | access-date = 2010-02-09}}</ref>

As the [[county seat]], Hugoton is the administrative center of Stevens County. The [[county courthouse]] is located downtown, and all departments of the county government base their operations in the city.<ref>{{cite web | title = Stevens County Departments | publisher = Stevens County, Kansas | url = http://www.stevenscoks.org/depts.htm | access-date = 2013-11-22}}</ref>

Hugoton lies within [[Kansas's 1st congressional district|Kansas's 1st U.S. Congressional District]]. For the purposes of representation in the [[Kansas Legislature]], the city is in the 39th district of the [[Kansas Senate]] and the 124th district of the [[Kansas House of Representatives]].<ref name="gov1"/>

==Education==

===Primary and secondary education===
The community is served by [[Hugoton USD 210]] public school district, which operates five schools in Hugoton:<ref>{{cite web | title = USD 210 Hugoton Public Schools | publisher = Hugoton Public Schools | url = http://www.usd210.org/ | access-date = 2009-11-24}}</ref>
* Hugoton Primary School ([[Education in the United States#School grades|Grades]] Pre-K-2)
* Hugoton Intermediate School (3-6)
* Hugoton Middle School (7-8)
* Hugoton High School (9-12)
* Hugoton Learning Academy (7-12), [[charter school]]

Heritage Christian Academy, a [[Christian school#United States|Christian school]], offers [[preschool]] and classes for grades K-8.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hcaknights.com/|title=Heritage Christian Academy|publisher=Heritage Christian Academy|access-date=2019-07-01}}</ref>

==Transportation==
[[U.S. Route 56]] and [[K-25 (Kansas highway)|K-25]] enter Hugoton [[Concurrency (road)|concurrently]] from the north, intersecting [[K-51 (Kansas highway)|K-51]], which runs east-west, in the southern part of the city. Both U.S. 56 and K-25 then run concurrently with K-51 to the west.<ref name=KDOT/>

[[Hugoton Municipal Airport]] is located on the south side of U.S. 56 less than a mile west of the city.<ref name=CountyMap/> Publicly owned, it has two paved runways and is used for [[general aviation]].<ref>{{cite web | title = KHQG - Hugoton Municipal Airport | publisher = AirNav.com | url = http://www.airnav.com/airport/KHQG | access-date = 2011-05-24}}</ref>

A line of the [[Cimarron Valley Railroad]] passes through the northwestern corner of the city.<ref>{{cite web | title = Kansas Operating Division Map | publisher = [[BNSF Railway]] | url = http://www.bnsf.com/tools/reference/division_maps/div_ks.pdf | access-date = 2009-11-23 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100210222657/http://bnsf.com/tools/reference/division_maps/div_ks.pdf | archive-date = 2010-02-10 }}</ref>

==Media==
''The Hugoton Hermes'' is the city's sole [[newspaper]], published weekly.<ref>{{cite web | title = About this Newspaper: The Hugoton hermes. | work = Chronicling America | publisher = [[Library of Congress]] | url = http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014106/ | access-date = 2009-11-23}}</ref>

Two radio stations are [[City of license|licensed]] to Hugoton: K222AK, a [[translator station]] of [[National Public Radio|NPR]] affiliate [[High Plains Public Radio]] in [[Garden City, Kansas]], broadcasts from Hugoton on 92.3 FM; KFXX-FM broadcasts from Garden City on 106.7 FM, playing a [[Classic Hits]] format.<ref>{{cite web | title = Radio Stations in Hugoton, Kansas | publisher = Radio-locator | url = http://www.radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/locate?select=city&city=Hugoton%2C+KS&x=0&y=0&sid= | access-date = 2013-06-06}}</ref>

Hugoton is in the [[Media in Wichita, Kansas#Television|Wichita-Hutchinson, Kansas television market]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Kansas [TV market maps] | publisher = EchoStar Knowledge Base | url = http://dishuser.org/TVMarkets/Maps/kansas.gif | access-date = 2013-06-06 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110726000406/http://dishuser.org/TVMarkets/Maps/kansas.gif | archive-date = 2011-07-26 }}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Billy Drago]] (1945–2019), actor<ref name="Roffman">{{cite news|url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/r-p-billy-drago-iconic-234452634.html|title=R.I.P. Billy Drago, iconic character actor and The Untouchables villain, has died at 73|first=Michael|last=Roffman|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|publisher=[[Oath Inc.]]({{small|[[Verizon Communications]]}})|location=United States|agency=[[Consequence of Sound]]|date=June 26, 2019|access-date=June 27, 2019}}</ref> 
* [[Stephen Morris (politician)|Steve Morris]] (1946- ), eight-year Kansas Senate president, 2005-2013<ref>{{cite web | title = Biography for Steve Morris | url = http://www.kslegislature.org/li_2012/b2011_12/members/sen_morris_stephen_1/ | access-date = 2013-03-04}}</ref><ref>[http://www.sos.ks.gov/elections/elections_upcoming_candidate_display.asp ''Kansas Secretary of State'', "Candidates for the 2012 Primary (official)," retrieved March 4, 2013.]</ref><ref>[http://www.kssos.org/elections/12elec/2012%20Primary%20Election%20Results.pdf ''Kansas Secretary of State,'' Official 2012 Primary Results]</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Kansas}}
* [[Hay Meadow Massacre]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{Kansas books}}
{{See also|Stevens County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Stevens County, Kansas}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Hugoton, Kansas}}
* [http://cityofhugoton.com/ City of Hugoton]
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260778 Hugoton - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.usd210.org/ USD 210], local school district
* [https://www.kansasmemory.org/category/3456 Dust Bowl photos of Hugoton]
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/hugoton.pdf Hugoton City Map], KDOT
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20240421143755/https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/21/us/oklahoma-double-murder-plot/index.html "Accused of double murder: The grandmother, her boyfriend, and the couple who hosted anti-government religious meetings] - CNN - April 21, 2024

{{Stevens County, Kansas}}
{{Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:County seats in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Stevens County, Kansas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1885]]
[[Category:1885 establishments in Kansas]]
[[Category:Victor Hugo]]