Editing Huesca

{{about|the city|other meanings of "Huesca"|Huesca (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Huesca
| other_name              = 
| settlement_type         = [[Municipalities of Spain|Municipality]]
| official_name           = <!-- if different from name -->
| native_name             = {{native name|an|Uesca}}
|image_skyline                    = {{Multiple image
  | perrow = 1/2
  | border = infobox
  | total_width = 280 
  | caption_align = center
  | image1 = Bell tower of the cathedral of Huesca 03.jpg
  | caption1 = Panoramic view from the cathedral
  | image2 = Exterior of cathedral of Huesca 02.jpg
  | caption2 = [[Huesca Cathedral|Cathedral]]
  | image3 = Huesca - Parque Miguel Servet 03 edited.jpg
  | caption3 = Miguel Servet park
}}
| image_flag              = Flag of Huesca.svg
| image_shield            = Blasón de Uesca.svg
| nickname                =
| motto                   = Gate of the Pyrenees
| pushpin_map             = Spain Aragon#Spain
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location of Huesca within Aragon
| image_map          = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=285|frame-height=180|frame-align=center|frame-coordinates={{Coord|39.5|N|3.7|W}}|zoom=4|type=point|title=Huesca|marker=city|type2=shape|stroke-width2=2|stroke-color2=#808080|text=Interactive map of Huesca.}}
|map_caption              = Location of Huesca
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = Spain
| subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous community]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Aragon]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Huesca (province)|Huesca]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Comarcas of Spain|Comarca]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Hoya de Huesca]]
| subdivision_type4       = [[Judicial districts of Spain|Judicial district]]
| subdivision_name4       = Huesca
| seat_type               = <!-- [[Capital (political)|Capital]] -->
| seat                    =
| coordinates             = {{coord|42|8|N|0|25|W|region:ES_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| elevation_m             = 488
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| area_footnotes          =
| area_total_km2          = 161.0
| established_title       =  Founded by
| established_date        = [[Iberians]]
| population_as_of        = 2020
| population_footnotes    = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_total        = 53,956
| population_demonym      = Oscense
| population_note         =
| population_density_km2  = auto
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Languages of Spain|Official language(s)]]
| blank_info_sec2         =
| timezone                = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset              = +1
| timezone_DST            = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST          = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[List of postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 22001 - 22006
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in Spain|Dialing code]]
| area_code               = 974
| government_type         = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor-council]]
| leader_title            = Mayor
| governing_body          = Ayuntamiento de Huesca
| leader_name             = Lorena Orduna (2023)
| leader_party            = [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]]
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Patron saint|Patron saints]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Saint Lawrence]]<br />[[Vincent of Saragossa|Saint Vincent]]
| website                 = [http://www.huesca.es/ Official website]
| footnotes               =
}}

'''Huesca''' ({{IPA|es|ˈweska|lang}}; {{langx|an|Uesca}}) is a city in north-eastern [[Spain]], within the [[Autonomous communities of Spain|autonomous community]] of [[Aragon]]. It was the capital of the [[Kingdom of Aragon]] between 1096 and 1118. It is also the capital of the Spanish [[Huesca (province)|province of the same name]] and of the [[Comarcas of Spain|comarca]] of [[Hoya de Huesca/Plana de Uesca|Hoya de Huesca]]. In 2009, it had a population of 52,059, almost a quarter of the total population of the province. The city is one of the smallest provincial capitals in Spain.

Huesca celebrates its main festival, the ''Fiestas de San Lorenzo'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fiestassanlorenzo.es/ |title=Fiestassanlorenzo.es |access-date=2010-08-30 |archive-date=2011-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430133715/http://www.fiestassanlorenzo.es/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> in honor of [[Saint Lawrence]], from 9 to 15 August.

==History==

Huesca dates from pre-Roman times, and was once known as ''[[Bolskan]]'' ([[Northeastern Iberian script|Iberian]]: [[file:Bolskan.svg|50px]]) in the ancient [[Iberian language]]. It was once the capital of the [[Vescetani]], in the north of [[Hispania Tarraconensis]], on the road from Tarraco (modern [[Tarragona]]) and Ilerda (modern [[Lleida]]) to Caesaraugusta (modern [[Zaragoza]]).<ref>''[[Antonine Itinerary]]'' pp. 391, 451.</ref> During Roman times, the city was known as '''Osca''', and was a Roman colony under the rule of [[Quintus Sertorius]], who made Osca his base. The city minted its own coinage and was the site of a prestigious school founded by Sertorius to educate young Iberians in Latin and Roman customs. After Sertorius, it is thought that it was renamed '''Ileoscan''' ({{lang|grc|Ἰλεόσκαν}}) by [[Strabo]].<ref>iii. p. 161; v. [[Friedrich August Ukert]], vol. ii. pt. 1. p. 451.</ref> It appears to have been situated on silver mines.<ref>[[Livy]] xxxiv. 10, 46, xl. 43.</ref>

Eighteenth-century Spanish historian [[Enrique Flórez]]<ref>''Med.'' ii. 520.</ref> has pointed out the impossibility of one city supplying such vast quantities of minted silver as has been recorded by ancient writers under the terms ''argentum Oscense'', ''signatum Oscense''; and is of the opinion that "Oscense" meant "Spanish", being a corruption of "[[Basque language|Eus-cara]]".<ref>''Cf.'' [[Julius Caesar]] ''[[Commentarii de Bello Civili]]'' i. 60; [[Velleius Paterculus]] ii. 30; "Euskara", Basque for the [[Basque language]].</ref>  The Romanised city was made a ''[[municipium]]'' by decree of [[Augustus]] in 30 BC.

[[File:Campanahuesca.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Bell of Huesca]], by [[José Casado del Alisal]]]]
The Arabs conquered the city in the late 8th century, and the city came to be called ''Washqah'' (وشقة in [[Arabic language|Arabic]]), falling within the [[Upper March]] of the [[Caliphate of Córdoba|Emirate of Córdoba]]. It was ruled by a local governor appointed from Córdoba, but was repeatedly subject to political turmoil, rebellion and assassination as the [[Banu Qasi]], [[Amrus ibn Yusuf|Banu Amrus]] and [[Muhammad al-Tawil of Huesca|Banu al-Tawil]] clans, as well as the [[Íñigo Arista of Pamplona|Arista dynasty of Pamplona]], struggled for control, autonomy and independence from the Emirate. In the mid-10th century, Wasqah was transferred to the [[Banu Tujib]], who governed the Upper March from [[Zaragoza]], and it became part of the [[Taifa of Zaragoza]] in 1018 when they successfully freed themselves from the disintegrating [[Caliphate]]. In 1094 [[Sancho Ramirez]] built the nearby [[Castle of Montearagón]] with the intention of laying siege to Wasqah but was killed by a stray arrow as he reached the city's walls. It was conquered in 1096 by [[Peter I of Aragon]] and moved his royal capital to Huesca from the ancient capital of [[Jaca]]. In 1118 the Aragonese capital was moved to [[Zaragoza]].<ref>Joseph F. O’Callaghan ''A History of Medieval Spain''. Cornell University Press 1975, pp. 219.</ref>

In 1354, King [[Peter IV of Aragon]] founded the {{Interlanguage link multi|University of Huesca|es|3=Universidad Sertoriana de Huesca}}, which initially had a faculty of theology. The school expanded, but by the end of the 16th century was eclipsed by the [[University of Zaragoza]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=S3kWAAAAIAAJ&dq=university+of+huesca&pg=PR3 Hastings Rashdall, The universities of Europe in the middle ages, Volume 2, Part 1, Oxford, 1895, pp. 92-94.]</ref> The university was abolished in 1845.<ref>Hans Hoefe & Andrew Eames, Spain, 2d ed 1993, p. 305.</ref>

Historically, Huesca was home to one of the most important [[Jewish]] communities in Aragon, third after [[Zaragoza]] and [[Calatayud]]. The Jewish community flourished until the 1492 [[expulsion of the Jews from Spain|expulsion of the Jews]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Huesca |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/huesca |website=Jewish Virtual Library |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref>

During the [[First Carlist War]], Huesca was the site of a [[Battle of Huesca|battle]] between Spanish Constitutionalists and [[Carlists]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lawrence |first1=Mark |title=The First Carlist War (1833-40), insurgency, Ramón Cabrera, and expeditionary warfare |url=https://kar.kent.ac.uk/76357/1/Mark%20Lawrence%2C%20The%20First%20Carlist%20War.pdf |website=[[University of Kent]] |access-date=13 January 2024}}</ref>

During the [[Spanish Civil War]] (1936–39) the "[[Huesca Offensive|Huesca Front]]" was the scene of some of the worst fighting between the Republicans and [[Francisco Franco|Franco's]] army. Held by the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalists]], the city was besieged by the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republicans]], with [[George Orwell]] among them,<ref>{{cite web |title=Huesca and Return |url=https://orwellsociety.com/huesca-and-return/ |website=The Orwell Society |access-date=31 December 2023}}</ref><ref name="orwell">{{cite news |last1=Keeley |first1=Graham |title=George Orwell to finally make it to Huesca as Spanish city honours writer |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2023/05/02/george-orwell-to-finally-make-it-to-huesca-as-spanish-city-honours-writer |access-date=31 December 2023 |agency=euronews |date=2 May 2023}}</ref> but did not fall.<ref>{{cite web |title=This Week in Spanish Civil War History – Week 48: 12 – 19 June 1937 |url=https://carolineangus.com/2017/06/14/this-week-in-spanish-civil-war-history-week-48-12-19-june-1937/ |website=Caroline Angus |access-date=31 December 2023}}</ref><ref name="Civilwar">{{cite web |title=THE SEGOVIA AND HUESCA OFFENSIVES |url=https://www.vscw.ca/en/node/266 |website=Spanish Civil War |access-date=31 December 2023}}</ref>

==Modern Huesca==
[[File:Huesca - Plaza Luis López Allué.jpg|thumb|Allué square]]

Various streets in the centre of Huesca have recently been pedestrianised.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/aragon/huesca_provincia/huesca/2013/12/30/2013_ano_peatonalizacion_huesca_263281_302.html|title = 2013, el año de la peatonalización en Huesca}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=February 2018}}

==Geography==
Huesca lies on a plateau in the northern region of Aragón, with an elevation of {{convert|488|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. Close to the city lie the [[Sierra de Guara]] mountains, which reach 2,077 m. The geographical coordinates of the city are: 42° 08´ N, 0° 24´ W.

Its municipal area is 161.02&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and borders the municipalities of [[Almudévar]], [[Vicién]], [[Monflorite-Lascasas]] [[Tierz]], [[Quicena]], [[Loporzano]], [[Nueno]], [[Igriés]], [[Banastás]], [[Chimillas]], [[Alerre]], [[Barbués]] and [[Albero Bajo]].

The city lies {{convert|71|km|mi|abbr=off}} from [[Zaragoza]], {{convert|160|km|mi|abbr=off}} from [[Pamplona]], {{convert|118|km|mi|abbr=off}} from [[Lleida]], {{convert|380|km|mi|abbr=off}} from [[Madrid]] and {{convert|273|km|mi|abbr=off}} from [[Barcelona]].

==Coat of arms==
Both the modern Coat of Arms of Huesca ([[:es:Escudo de Huesca|es]]) (which date from the 16th century) and its mediaeval predecessor (from the 13th) include at their top the device of a block having a V-shaped notch. It is commonly said that it symbolises [[Salto de Roldán]] ('[[Roland]]'s Leap'), a natural rock formation about {{convert|25|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of the city.<ref name=academia>{{cite journal |url=https://www.academia.edu/37703190 |title=Leyendas asociadas al Salto de Roldán |first=Alejandro |last=Alagón |website=[[academia.edu]] |language=es |access-date=12 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eloscense.com/blogoscense/2009/07/tradiciones-oscenses-salto-del-roldan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225205547/http://www.eloscense.com/blogoscense/2009/07/tradiciones-oscenses-salto-del-roldan/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 December 2010 |title=Tradicions Oscenses: Salto del Roldan |website=eloscense.com |first=David |last=Pacheu Grau |language=es |access-date=10 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.altoaragon.org/escudo.htm |title=El Escudo de Huesca |website=altoaragon.org |language=es |access-date=11 August 2019}}</ref>{{efn|The idea is not impossible. [[Arthur Charles Fox-Davies|Fox-Davies]]' ''Complete Guide to Heraldry'' (1909) includes no example of any [[heraldic charge]] like it.}} Some writers have suggested that the official Spanish name of Huesca ({{langx|ca|Osca}}) derives from a Latin, [[Basque language|Basque]] and [[Catalan language|Catalan]] word ''[[wikt:osca|osca]]'', meaning notch or indentation, referring to the Salto de Roldán.<ref name=academia />

==Climate==
Huesca has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''). with [[semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] influences. Winters are cool (with normal maximums from 8 to 16&nbsp;°C and minimums from -2 to 6&nbsp;°C) and summers are hot, with daily maximums reaching up to {{convert|35|C|F|abbr=on}}, while the rainiest seasons are autumn and spring. The average [[Precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] is 480&nbsp;mm per year. [[Frost]] is common and there is sporadic snowfall, with an average of three snowy days per year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=9898&k=arn |title=Valores climatológicos normales. Huesca, Aeropuerto|language=Spanish|author=[[AEMET]]|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Huesca Airport, <small>541 m a.s.l.</small> (1981–2010)
|metric first = y
|single line = y
|Jan record high C = 20.3
|Feb record high C = 21.0
|Mar record high C = 26.2
|Apr record high C = 31.0
|May record high C = 34.2
|Jun record high C = 41.2
|Jul record high C = 42.6
|Aug record high C = 41.4
|Sep record high C = 39.2
|Oct record high C = 30.6
|Nov record high C = 24.8
|Dec record high C = 19.6
|year record high C = 42.6
|Jan high C = 9.0
|Feb high C = 11.6
|Mar high C = 15.7
|Apr high C = 18.0
|May high C = 22.3
|Jun high C = 28.1
|Jul high C = 31.6
|Aug high C = 30.9
|Sep high C = 25.9
|Oct high C = 19.8
|Nov high C = 13.4
|Dec high C = 9.2
|year high C = 19.6
|Jan mean C = 5.2
|Feb mean C = 6.9
|Mar mean C = 10.1
|Apr mean C = 12.1
|May mean C = 16.1
|Jun mean C = 21.0
|Jul mean C = 24.1
|Aug mean C = 23.7
|Sep mean C = 19.8
|Oct mean C = 15.0
|Nov mean C = 9.3
|Dec mean C = 5.5
|year mean C = 14.0
|Jan low C = 1.4
|Feb low C = 2.2
|Mar low C = 4.5
|Apr low C = 6.2
|May low C = 9.8
|Jun low C = 13.8
|Jul low C = 16.5
|Aug low C = 16.6
|Sep low C = 13.6
|Oct low C = 10.1
|Nov low C = 5.2
|Dec low C = 1.9
|year low C = 8.4
|Jan record low C = -12.6
|Feb record low C = -13.2
|Mar record low C = -8.6
|Apr record low C = -3.0
|May record low C = -1.5
|Jun record low C = 3.6
|Jul record low C = 4.5
|Aug record low C = 7.0
|Sep record low C = 4.2
|Oct record low C = -0.4
|Nov record low C = -8.2
|Dec record low C = -10.8
|year record low C= -13.2
|Jan precipitation mm = 31
|Feb precipitation mm = 28
|Mar precipitation mm = 30
|Apr precipitation mm = 53
|May precipitation mm = 52
|Jun precipitation mm = 33
|Jul precipitation mm = 22
|Aug precipitation mm = 29
|Sep precipitation mm = 48
|Oct precipitation mm = 60
|Nov precipitation mm = 47
|Dec precipitation mm = 44
|year precipitation mm = 480
|Jan precipitation days = 5
|Feb precipitation days = 5
|Mar precipitation days = 4
|Apr precipitation days = 6
|May precipitation days = 7
|Jun precipitation days = 4
|Jul precipitation days = 3
|Aug precipitation days = 3
|Sep precipitation days = 4
|Oct precipitation days = 7
|Nov precipitation days = 6
|Dec precipitation days = 6
|unit precipitation days = 1 mm
|year precipitation days = 61
|Jan snow days= 1
|Feb snow days= 1
|Mar snow days= 0
|Apr snow days= 0
|May snow days= 0
|Jun snow days= 0
|Jul snow days= 0
|Aug snow days= 0
|Sep snow days= 0
|Oct snow days= 0
|Nov snow days= 0
|Dec snow days= 1
|year snow days= 3
|Jan sun = 138
|Feb sun = 173
|Mar sun = 230
|Apr sun = 243
|May sun = 275
|Jun sun = 302
|Jul sun = 346
|Aug sun = 314
|Sep sun = 247
|Oct sun = 197
|Nov sun = 146
|Dec sun = 123
|year sun = 2732
|Jan humidity = 78
|Feb humidity = 70
|Mar humidity = 61
|Apr humidity = 60
|May humidity = 57
|Jun humidity = 50
|Jul humidity = 47
|Aug humidity = 50
|Sep humidity = 57
|Oct humidity = 67
|Nov humidity = 76
|Dec humidity = 81
|year humidity = 63
|source 1 = [[AEMET]]<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=9898&k=arn
  |title=Valores Climatológicos Normales. Huesca / Aeropuerto
  }}</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}

==Main sights==
[[File:Huesca - Catedral, exterior 09.jpg|thumb|240px|Cathedral of Huesca]] 
[[File:Huesca - Fuente de las Musas.jpg|thumb|240px|Fuente de las Musas]]
A double line of ancient walls can still be seen in present-day Huesca.

Nearby, in the territory of [[Quicena]], lie the ruins of the [[Castle of Montearagón]] Monastery.

===Churches of Huesca===
* [[Huesca Cathedral]] (''Catedral de la Transfiguración del Señor''), a [[Gothic architecture|Gothic-style]] cathedral built by king [[James I of Aragon]] around 1273 on the ruined foundations of a mosque. Work continued until the fifteenth century, and the cathedral is now one of the architectural gems of northern Spain. The doorway, built between 1300 and 1313, has carvings depicting the Apostles. The interior contains a triple [[nave]] and chapels. It includes a magnificent high altar made from [[alabaster]], carved to represent [[The Crucifixion of Jesus|the crucifixion]], built between 1520 and 1533 by [[Damián Forment]]. The cloister and the bell-tower were built in the fifteenth century.
*[[Abbey of San Pedro el Viejo]], erected between 1100 and 1241, is one of the oldest [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] structures in the [[Iberian Peninsula]]. It was partially rebuilt in the seventeenth century, and retains its [[cloister]] built in 1140.
*Church of St. Lawrence (''Iglesia de San Lorenzo''), built in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
[[File:Ayuntamiento de Huesca.JPG|thumb|right|240px|Huesca City Hall]]
*Iglesia de Santo Domingo, a [[Baroque]] style church. 
*Iglesia de la Compañía San Vicente, from the 17th century
*Ermita de Ntr. Sra. de Salas, a Romanesque and Baroque [[hermitage (religious retreat)|hermitage]].
*Ermita de Loreto, San Lorenzo's oldest hermitage, according to tradition.
*Ermita de San Jorge, built in memory of the [[Battle of Alcoraz]]
*Ermita de las Mártires
*Ermita de Santa Lucía
*Ermita de Jara, in ruins
*San Miguel, a Romanesque tower
*Santa María de Foris, built in a transitional Romanesque style
*Santa Cruz, Seminary, on Romanesque foundations.
*There are several old monasteries in the local area. One in the [[Castle of Montearagón]] contains the tomb of king [[Alfonso I of Aragon]] in its [[crypt]].
*The Museum of Huesca occupies the building formerly belonging to the old university. The famous "Bell of Huesca" lies in one of its vaults, and is said to have been constructed from the heads of rebels who were executed by King [[Ramiro II of Aragon]].

== Culture ==

Huesca celebrates its most important annual festival in August: the festival (or fiesta) of [[Saint Lawrence|San Lorenzo (Saint Lawrence)]], a native of Huesca martyred in 268 AD. The anniversary of his martyrdom falls on August 10. The [[festival|fiesta]] starts on 9 August and finishes on the 15. Many of the inhabitants dress in green and white for the duration. San Lorenzo, born in Huesca, was a deacon in Rome and a martyr who, according to legend, was burned on a grille by the Romans. The grille is the symbol of San Lorenzo and can be seen in a number of decorative works in the city.

Every summer since 1973 the city has hosted the [[Huesca International Film Festival]], an international gathering dedicated to short meter films.<ref>{{cite web
| url =https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/aragon/huesca/2018/03/20/la-academia-cine-premio-pepe-escriche-del-festival-internacional-huesca-1230990-2261127.html
| title =La Academia de Cine, premio Pepe Escriche del 46º Festival Internacional de Huesca
| date =2018-03-20
| publisher = Heraldo
| access-date =2025-01-15}}</ref> It is one of the six Spanish festivals qualifying for the [[Goya Awards|Goya]] and the [[Academy Awards]].<ref>{{cite web
| url =https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio-cultura/2018/04/05/el-festival-cine-huesca-podra-preclasificar-para-los-oscar-los-documentales-que-presenten-1233546-1361024.html
| title =El Festival de Cine de Huesca podrá preclasificar para los Óscar los documentales que se presenten
| date =2018-04-05
| publisher = Heraldo
| access-date =2025-01-14}}</ref>

== Notable people ==

Huesca is the birthplace of film director [[Carlos Saura]] and his brother Antonio Saura, a contemporary artist. 

The writer Oscar Sipan, winner of several literary prizes, was born in Huesca in 1974. The celebrated illustrator Isidro Ferrer, though born in Madrid, lives in the city.

*[[Amrus ibn Yusuf]] (Huesca, 760- 808/9 or 813/4 Talavera de la Reina or Zaragoza), general of the Emirate of Córdoba and governor of Zaragoza
*[[Petrus Alphonsi]] (Born at an unknown date in the 11th century in Huesca, died 1140?), was a Jewish Spanish physician, writer, astronomer, and polemicist, who converted to Christianity.
*[[Petronilla of Aragon]] (Huesca, 1136 – 15 October 1173), Queen of Aragon from the abdication of her father in 1137 until her own abdication in 1164.
*[[Alfonso II of Aragon]] (Huesca, March 1157 – 25 April 1196), was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1164 until his death.
*[[Peter II of Aragon]] (Huesca, July 1178 – 12 September 1213), was the King of Aragon (as Pedro II) and Count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.
*Vincencio Juan de Lastanosa (Huesca, 1607 - 1681), collector, scholar, Spanish cultural promoter and patron.
*[[Valentín Carderera]] (Huesca, 1796 - Madrid, 1880), promoter of the arts, writer and academic art painter.
*[[Lucas Mallada y Pueyo]] (Huesca, 1841 - Madrid 1921), mining engineer, paleontologist and writer, belonging to Regenerationism movement.
*[[Fidel Pagés]] (Huesca, January 26, 1886 - September 21, 1923 Madrid), Spanish military surgeon, known for developing the technique of epidural anesthesia.
*[[Ramón Acín Aquilué]] (1888, Huesca, Aragon, Spain – 1936), anarcho-syndicalist, teacher, writer and avant-garde artist murdered by fascists in the first year of the Spanish Civil War.
*[[Pepín Bello]] (13 May 1904, Huesca – 11 January 2008), intellectual and writer. He was regarded as the last survivor of the "Generation of '27".
*[[Julio Alejandro]] (Huesca, 1906 – 1995 Javea), was a Spanish screenwriter. He wrote for 80 films between 1951 and 1984.
*[[Antonio Saura]] (September 22, 1930, Huesca – July 22, 1998, Cuenca) was a Spanish artist and writer, one of the major post-war painters to emerge in Spain in the fifties.
*[[Carlos Saura]] (4 January 1932, Huesca – 10 February 2023, Collado Mediano) is a Spanish film director and photographer.
*[[Josep Acebillo]] (born in Huesca, Spain, in 1946), architect.
*[[Esteban Navarro]] (Moratalla, 1965), writer. Huesca resident since 2001.
*[[Nunilo and Alodia]] (Huesca, A.D. 851), martyrs of Christianity. Died after refusing to deny Christ.
*[[Sara Giménez Giménez]] (born in Huesca, 1977), Roma lawyer

==Popular references==
[[File:Casino Municipal Huesca.jpg|thumb|left|225px|The Casino (Oscense Circle)]] 
Huesca is notable for the saying "Tomorrow we'll have coffee in Huesca", a running joke among militiamen of the [[Spanish Civil War]]. In February 1937, [[George Orwell]] was stationed near the [[FET y de las JONS|falangist]]-held Huesca as a member of the [[Workers' Party of Marxist Unification|POUM]] militia.<ref name="orwell" /> In ''[[Homage to Catalonia]]'', Orwell writes about this running joke, originally a naïvely optimistic comment made by one of the Spanish Republican generals:

{{blockquote|text=Months earlier, when [[Siétamo]] was taken, the general commanding the Government troops had said gaily: "Tomorrow we'll have coffee in Huesca." It turned out that he was mistaken. There had been bloody attacks, but the town did not fall, and [the phrase] had become a standing joke throughout the army. If I ever go back to Spain I shall make a point of having a cup of coffee in Huesca.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Orwell |first1=George |title=[[Homage to Catalonia]] |date=1938 |publisher=Macmillian Collector's Library |isbn=978-1-5290-3271-0 |page=48 }}</ref>}}

Huesca is also famous for the legend of the [[The Huesca Bell Legend|Bell of Huesca]].

==Twin towns - sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Spain}}

The following are [[Sister cities]] of Huesca:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huesca.es/areas/fiestas/hermanamiento-de-tarbes/ |title=Cities twinned with Huesca. Huesca City Hall |publisher=Huesca.es |access-date=2011-07-05 |archive-date=2020-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127204331/https://www.huesca.es/areas/fiestas/hermanamiento-de-tarbes |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|France}} [[Tarbes]], [[France]] <small>''(since 1964)''</small>

==Transportation==
The [[Autovía A-23]] runs through Huesca, connecting the city with [[Zaragoza]]. While under construction as of 2018, the [[Autovía A-22]] also connects Huesca to [[Lleida]]. The two highways will eventually connect.

Huesca has been served by [[Huesca–Pirineos Airport]] since 1930,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aena.es/es/aeropuerto-huesca-pirineos/historia.html|title = Huesca-Pirineos}}</ref> but the airport does not currently have any scheduled commercial passenger services.

Huesca railway station is served by regional and AVE trains to destinations including Zaragoza, Canfranc, Madrid and Jaca.

==Sports==
In 2018, [[SD Huesca]], became the town's first football team to be promoted to [[La Liga]]. They became the 63rd team to play in the league, and their stadium's maximum capacity was the smallest in the [[2018–19 La Liga]].

==See also==
[[File:Tambores Semana Santa Huesca.jpg|thumb|right|170px|Holy week, Huesca]]
[[File:ElLince-BocadilloSardina.JPG|thumb|right|170px|[[Tapas|Tapa]] El Lince from Huesca]]
* [[Diocese of Huesca]]
* [[List of municipalities in Huesca]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*Michael H. Crawford, 1985. ''Coinage and Money Under the Roman Republic'' in series ''Library of Numismatics''  (London: Methuen and Co. Ltd.), pages 84 – 102.
*{{SmithDGRG}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Huesca}}
{{wikivoyage|Huesca}}
*[http://www.huesca.es/ Council of Huesca] {{in lang|es}}
*[http://www.huesca-filmfestival.com/ Huesca Film Festival]
*[http://www.cdan.es/ CDAN, Centre of Art and Nature]
*[http://www.diariodelaltoaragon.es/ Diario Del Alto Aragón] {{in lang|es}}
*[http://www.viajesvirtuales.es/2/25/huesca_huesca_huesca_espana_monumentos.html Virtual Tour around Huesca]{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://www.excursionesporhuesca.es Excursiones por Huesca] {{in lang|es}}
*[http://www.fiestassanlorenzo.es/ Fiestas de San Lorenzo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430133715/http://www.fiestassanlorenzo.es/ |date=2011-04-30 }} {{in lang|es}}
*[https://www.postalcodigo.com/huesca Postal codes in Huesca]

{{Municipalities in Huesca}}
{{Capitals of Provinces in Spain}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Huesca| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities in the Province of Huesca]]
[[Category:Roman sites in Spain]]