Editing Hospital de Sant Pau

{{Expand Catalan|topic=struct|date=January 2009|Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau}}
{{Short description|Former hospital complex in Barcelona, Spain}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox building
|name       = Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau
|image       = Hospital Sant Pau, main facade.jpg
|location    = [[Barcelona]], Spain
|architectural_style = [[Modernisme]]
|coordinates = {{coord|41|24|46|N|2|10|28|E}} 
|website     = {{URL|http://www.santpau.cat/en/}}
| embedded         = 
{{Infobox designation list
| embed            = yes
| designation1          = WHS
| designation1_partof   = [[Palau de la Música Catalana]] and Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona 
| designation1_date     = 1997 {{small|(21st [[World Heritage Committee|session]])}}
| designation1_number   = [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/804bis 804bis-002]
| designation1_criteria = {{UNESCO WHS type|(i), (ii), (iv)}}(i), (ii), (iv)
| designation1_free1name = Region
| designation1_free1value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Europe|Europe and North America]]
| designation1_free2name = Area
| designation1_free2value = {{convert|6.74|ha}}
| designation1_free3name = Buffer zone
| designation1_free3value = {{convert|23.14|ha}}
| designation2     = Spain
| designation2_type = Non-movable
| designation2_criteria = Monument
| designation2_date = 19 May 1978
| designation2_number = RI-51-0004278
}}
}}

The former '''Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau''' ({{IPA|ca|uspiˈtal də lə ˈsantə ˈkɾɛw i ˈsam ˈpaw}}, {{langx|en|Hospital of the Holy Cross and Saint Paul}}) in the neighborhood of [[El Guinardó]], [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], Spain, is a complex built between 1901 and 1930. It is one of the most prominent works of the Catalan [[modernisme]] [[architect]] [[Lluís Domènech i Montaner]]. The complex was listed as a ''[[Conjunto histórico|Conjunto Histórico]]'' in 1978. Together with [[Palau de la Música Catalana]], it was declared a UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]] in 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Centre |first=UNESCO World Heritage |title=World Heritage Committee Inscribes 46 New Sites on World Heritage List |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/180/ |access-date=2022-02-03 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |language=en}}</ref>

Composed of 12 pavilions connected through long underground galleries within its large green space, Sant Pau is the largest complex built in [[Art Nouveau]] style.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-04 |title=Visites |url=https://www.santpaubarcelona.org/en/visits |access-date=2022-02-03 |website=Sant Pau Recinte Modernista |language=en}}</ref> It was a fully functioning hospital until June 2009, when the new hospital opened next to it. It underwent restoration for use as a museum and cultural center, and re-opened in 2014. An important historical and architectural masterpiece, the building also offers workspace to high-profile social organizations such as the [[World Health Organization|WHO]], Banco Farmacéutico, Barcelona Health Hub, EMEA, [[United Nations Human Settlements Programme|UN-HABITAT]] and more.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-01-28 |title=Resident Institutions |url=https://www.santpaubarcelona.org/en/resident-institutions|access-date=2022-02-03 |website=Sant Pau Recinte Modernista |language=en}}</ref> The cultural center also has a historical archive where records and documents of remarkable occurrences related to the hospital and the city can be found. The archives are open to visitors and offer information to users and researchers with an information and [[Reprography|reprographics]] service, in addition to a reading room.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-01-28 |title=Historical Archive |url=https://www.santpaubarcelona.org/en/history/historical-archive |access-date=2022-02-03 |website=Sant Pau Recinte Modernista |language=en}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:17-12-03-Hospital de Sant Pau (BCN) Pavelló de Sant Rafael-RalfR-DSCF0553-PANORAMA.jpg |thumb|left|Interior of the hospital]]

Although the hospital's current 26 buildings<ref>{{Cite book |title=Homage to Barcelona |last=Tóibín |first=Colm |publisher=Picador |year=2002 |isbn=9780330373562 |location=London |pages=34}}</ref> date from the 20th century, the Hospital de la Santa Creu (the last part of its name, "Sant Pau", was added in honour of the banker, Pau Gil, who paid for the new buildings in the 20th century) was founded in 1401 when six small medieval hospitals merged.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.santpaubarcelona.org/en/history |title=History |date=28 January 2014}}</ref> The [[Old Hospital de la Santa Creu, Barcelona|hospital's former buildings]] near the center of Barcelona date from the 15th century, and now house an art school (''Escola Massana'') and the [[Biblioteca de Catalunya]] (National Library of Catalonia).

The initial building's construction started in 1401 and was completed in 1450. Later, in the 17th century, the Casa Convalescència building was added to the complex.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Mediaeval Hospital |url=https://www.santpaubarcelona.org/en/history/the-mediaeval-hospital |access-date=2022-02-03}}</ref> With the expansion of the city and weariness of the medieval buildings, the construction of a new hospital designed by [[Lluís Domènech i Montaner]] began in 1902. Domènech's original plan had 48 buildings, 27 of which were actually constructed.  
 
In 1991, the hospital was awarded the St. George's Cross by the [[Generalitat de Catalunya]].

In 2003, a new hospital building was erected to the north of Domènech i Montaner's ''Modernista'' pavilions, where almost all departments moved. However, a few departments such as the Blood and Tissue Bank, the radiography department and the physical therapy department remain in some of the old buildings.

== Restoration ==
[[File:Pavelló de Nostra Senyora del Carme, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, 2015.jpg|thumb|Pavelló de Nostra Senyora del Carme, in 2015]]
A meticulous restoration of the complex began in 2009. A Heritage Committee coordinated the process and ensured the quality of the interventions. Over 30 teams of experts and architects took part in the restoration. The original configuration of the buildings was brought forth through examining historical archives prior to the interventions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-07-01 |title=The sublime restoration of Sant Pau's Hospital: a modernist treasure looking to the future |url=https://diariodesign.com/2014/07/sublime-restoration-sant-paus-hospital-modernist-treasure-looking-future/ |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=diariodesign.com |language=es}}</ref>

A built area of {{convert|29,517|m2}} and an outdoor space of {{convert|31,052|m2}} were included in the restoration. Funded by the [[European Regional Development Fund]], [[Generalitat de Catalunya]], the Spanish Government, [[Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de la Energía|IDAE]], Barcelona City Council, Barcelona Provincial Council, [[Council of Europe Development Bank|CEB]] and the private foundation Hospital de la Sant Creu i Sant Pau, the project had a total budget of €100 million.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-01-28 |title=Restoration |url=https://www.santpaubarcelona.org/en/history/restoration |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=Sant Pau Recinte Modernista |language=en}}</ref>

The restoration project had three main objectives. 
*restore the building to its original state by strengthening the structure and removing any elements added in the later stages of its lifetime. 
*emphasize the ornamental elements with materials suitable to the original design of the buildings. 
*adapt the complex for contemporary needs and possible alternative uses without relinquishing its authenticity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Administration Pavilion of the Historical site "Sant Pau Hospital" - Restoration of interiors onl, arquitectura |url=https://www.world-architects.com/fr/onl-arquitectura-barcelona/project/administration-pavilion-of-the-historical-site-sant-pau-hospital-restoration-of-interiors |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=World-Architects |language=fr}}</ref>

The objectives in relation to the restoration of the buildings were carried out in three steps. First, the original structure and plan was recovered by eliminating the structures that were not in the original plan. Afterward, the infrastructure and support structures such as iron beams and framing were strengthened. New underground rooms and a new perimeter of columns was built to contribute to the functionality of the building without disrupting its façade.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-07-01 |title=The sublime restoration of Sant Pau's Hospital: a modernist treasure looking to the future |url=https://diariodesign.com/2014/07/sublime-restoration-sant-paus-hospital-modernist-treasure-looking-future/ |access-date=2022-02-05 |website=diariodesign.com |language=es}}</ref>

Even though the premises have been open to visitors since 2014, the restoration project was expected to be fully completed in 2020.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

==See also==
* [[List of Modernista buildings in Barcelona]]
* [[Art Nouveau]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau}}
*[http://www.santpau.cat/ Official website of the present hospital] {{in lang|ca|es|en}}
* [https://artsandculture.google.com/story/UQUB9Ek9ynPkJw Palau de la Música Catalana and Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona] UNESCO Collection on Google Arts and Culture
*[http://www.gaudiallgaudi.com/AA104.htm Hospital de Sant Pau] on ''Gaudí i el Modernisme a Catalunya'' site. {{in lang|ca|es|fr|en}}
*[https://www.santpaubarcelona.org/en/ Official website of the hospital museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524170631/http://santpaubarcelona.org/en |date=2017-05-24 }}

{{Barcelona landmarks}}
{{World Heritage Sites in Catalonia}}
{{World Heritage Sites in Spain}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|41|24|46|N|2|10|28|E|region:ES-CT_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Hospitals in Barcelona]]
[[Category:El Raval]]
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1930]]
[[Category:Defunct hospitals in Spain]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Barcelona]]
[[Category:Modernisme architecture in Barcelona]]
[[Category:Modernism]]
[[Category:Culture in Barcelona]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in Catalonia]]
[[Category:Lluís Domènech i Montaner buildings]]
[[Category:1401 establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in the 15th century]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures with azulejos in Catalonia]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Barcelona]]
[[Category:Art Nouveau hospital buildings]]
[[Category:15th-century establishments in Aragon]]
[[Category:Bien de Interés Cultural landmarks in Catalonia]]