Editing Hogwarts

{{Short description|Fictional school in ''Harry Potter''}}
{{Distinguish|Hogwort}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{In-universe|date=August 2024}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2022}}
{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=da|otherarticle=Hogwarts|date=February 2025}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2013}}
{{Infobox fictional organisation
| name         = Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry
| image        = Studio model of Hogwarts at Leavesden Studios.jpg
| image_size   = 250px
| caption      = Model of Hogwarts at [[Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of Harry Potter|Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of ''Harry Potter'']]
| universe     = ''[[Fictional universe of Harry Potter|Harry Potter]]''
| first        = ''[[Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone]]'' (1997)
| type        = {{Plainlist|
* [[Secondary school]]
* [[Boarding school]]
}}
| founded      = {{circa|9th/10th century}}
| location     = Scotland
| owner        = [[Ministry of Magic]]
| motto        = ''Draco dormiens nunquam titillandus''{{efn|The motto translates from Latin as "Never Tickle a Sleeping Dragon"<ref name="motto">{{cite journal |last1=Haas |first1=Heather A. |title=The Wisdom of Wizards-and Muggles and Squibs: Proverb Use in the World of Harry Potter |journal=The Journal of American Folklore |date=15 April 2011 |volume=124 |issue=492 |pages=29–54 |doi=10.5406/jamerfolk.124.492.0029 |jstor=10.5406/jamerfolk.124.492.0029 | issn=0021-8715 }}</ref>}}
}}

'''Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|ɒ|ɡ|w|ɔːr|t|s}}) is a fictional [[boarding school]] of [[Magic in Harry Potter|magic]] for young wizards. It is the primary setting for the first six novels in the ''[[Harry Potter]]'' series by [[J. K. Rowling]], and also serves as a major setting in the ''[[Wizarding World]]'' media franchise.<ref name="Wohlberg2005">{{cite book|author=Steve Wohlberg|title=Hour of the Witch: Harry Potter, Wicca Witchcraft, and the Bible|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kQ-4_ane91IC&pg=PA31|access-date=31 July 2011|date=April 2005|publisher=Destiny Image Publishers|isbn=978-0-7684-2279-5|pages=31–}}</ref>

In the novels, Hogwarts is described as a [[coeducation]]al, secondary boarding school that enrolls children from ages eleven to eighteen.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Riphouse |first=Acascias |title=The Harry Potter Companion |publisher=Virtualbookworm Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=1-58939-582-4 |location=United States of America |pages=100 |language=English}}</ref> According to Rowling, any child in Britain who shows magical ability is invited to attend the school.<ref name="scholastic-chat-1" /><ref name="jkrowlingcom_id91">{{cite web |last=Rowling |first=J. K. |title=F.A.Q. – About the Books |url=http://www.jkrowling.com/textonly/en/faq_view.cfm?id=91 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828105536/http://www.jkrowling.com/textonly/en/faq_view.cfm?id=91 |archive-date=28 August 2011 |access-date=2 September 2013 |website=J. K. Rowling Official Site |page= |quote=}}</ref> The Wizarding World website states that Hogwarts was founded in the [[Scottish Highlands|Highlands of Scotland]] sometime between the [[9th century|9th]] and [[10th century]] by [[Godric Gryffindor]], [[Helga Hufflepuff]], [[Rowena Ravenclaw]] and [[Salazar Slytherin]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2017 |title=The origins of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry |url=https://www.wizardingworld.com/features/origins-of-hogwarts-school-of-witchcraft-and-wizardry |access-date=2021-02-03 |work=[[Wizarding World]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="fraser-scotland">{{Cite interview |last=Rowling |first=J. K. |interviewer=Lindsey Fraser |title=An interview with J. K. Rowling |publisher=Mammoth |place=London |date=2000 |pages=20–21 |isbn=9780749743949 |oclc=59569316}}</ref> Rowling has offered varying accounts of how many students are enrolled at Hogwarts at any given time.<ref name="scholastic-chat-2">{{cite news|date=16 October 2000|title=Transcript of J.K. Rowling's live interview on Scholastic.com|publisher=[[Scholastic Corporation|Scholastic]]|url=http://www.scholastic.com/harrypotter/AUTHOR/transcript2.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010501153759/http://www.scholastic.com/harrypotter/AUTHOR/transcript2.htm|archive-date=1 May 2001}}</ref><ref name="tlc-2">{{cite news|date=16 July 2005|title=The Leaky Cauldron and MuggleNet interview Joanne Kathleen Rowling: Part Two|publisher=[[MuggleNet]]|url=http://www.mugglenet.com/jkrinterview2.shtml|access-date=20 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050724015152/http://www.mugglenet.com/jkrinterview2.shtml|archive-date=24 July 2005}}</ref>

In a 1999 interview, Rowling said she envisioned Hogwarts as a place that offers security to the orphaned [[Harry Potter (character)|Harry Potter]]. She said that she made Hogwarts a boarding school because many important plot events occur at night.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Carey |first=Joanna |date=16 February 1999 |title=Who hasn't met Harry? |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Several writers have suggested that Rowling took the name "Hogwarts" from the 1954 book ''How to Be Topp'' by [[Geoffrey Willans]]. The book describes a fictional play titled "The Hogwarts" and a fictional school headmaster named "Hoggwart".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jones |first=Thomas |date=2000-02-17 |title=swete lavender |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v22/n04/thomas-jones/swete-lavender |access-date=2024-08-26 |work=London Review of Books |language=en |volume=22 |issue=4 |issn=0260-9592}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Robins |first=Jane |date=22 September 2000 |title=Potter's magic school first appeared in 1950's classic |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/news/potter-s-magic-school-first-appeared-in-1950-s-classic-701701.html |access-date=26 August 2024 |website=Independent}}</ref> Rowling, however, said she may have unknowingly derived the name "Hogwarts" from the name of the [[Croton capitatus|hogwort]] plant.<ref>{{cite web |last=Abel |first=Katy |title=Harry Potter Author Works Her Magic |url=http://school.familyeducation.com/reading/fiction/37736.html?detoured=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510165309/http://school.familyeducation.com/reading/fiction/37736.html?detoured=1 |archive-date=10 May 2006 |publisher=Family Education}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lambertsen |first=Carrie |date=2023-02-12 |title=Hogwarts Legacy: How Did Hogwarts Get Its Name |url=https://screenrant.com/hogwarts-legacy-castle-name-warty-hog-rowena-ravenclaw/ |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=ScreenRant |language=en}}</ref>

==Castle and grounds==
Students travel to and from Hogwarts through a steam powered train, known as ''Hogwarts Express''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rowling |first1=J. K. |date=10 August 2015 |title=The Hogwarts Express |url=https://www.pottermore.com/writing-by-jk-rowling/the-hogwarts-express |access-date=3 September 2017 |website=Wizarding World}}</ref>

Rowling has described Hogwarts as a "huge, rambling, quite scary-looking castle, with a jumble of towers and battlements". She said the castle is supported by magic.<ref name="scholastic-chat-1">{{cite news |last=Rowling |first=J. K. |date=3 February 2000 |title=Transcript of J. K. Rowling's live interview on Scholastic.com |url=http://www.scholastic.com/harrypotter/author/transcript1.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010413164539/http://www.scholastic.com/harrypotter/author/transcript1.htm |archive-date=13 April 2001 |publisher=[[Scholastic Press|Scholastic]]}}</ref> The school grounds have sloping lawns, vegetable gardens and greenhouses. There is a pitch for playing the wizard sport [[Quidditch]], and a large wooded area known as the Forbidden Forest. There is also a lake, which is home to [[merman|merpeople]], [[grindylow]]s and a giant squid. Wizards cannot [[Apparate]] (teleport) on Hogwarts grounds, but there are several hidden passages that lead out of the school.<ref>{{HPref|book=4|chapter=28}}</ref> In ''[[Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire]]'' (2000), it is explained that [[Muggle|Muggles]] (non-magical people) cannot see Hogwarts because there are numerous enchantments on it.<ref>{{HPref|book=4|chapter=11}}</ref>[[File:Universal-Islands-of-Adventure-Harry-Potter-Castle-9182.jpg|thumb|right|A version of Hogwarts castle at [[Universal Islands of Adventure]] amusement park in Orlando, Florida.]]

A subterranean area of the castle known as the Chamber of Secrets is introduced in the second novel, ''[[Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets]]'' (1998). In the novel, the young student [[Ginny Weasley]] is forced to open the Chamber by the [[Dark arts (Harry Potter)|Dark]] wizard [[Voldemort]]. From the Chamber emerges a deadly [[Magical creatures (Harry Potter)#Basilisk|Basilisk]], which attacks students until Harry kills it. A magical room called the {{Visible anchor|Room of Requirement|text=Room of Requirement}} is also located in Hogwarts. It only appears when someone needs it, and contains whatever the person requires. In ''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix|Order of the Phoenix]]'' (2003), Harry holds meetings of his student group Dumbledore's Army in the Room of Requirement. In ''[[Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince|Half-Blood Prince]]'' (2005), [[Draco Malfoy]] uses the room to hide and repair a [[Vanishing Cabinet]], which allows him to smuggle Voldemort's [[Death Eaters]] into Hogwarts.

== Houses ==
When a first-year student arrives at Hogwarts, the magical [[Sorting Hat]] is placed on their head. It examines their mind and assigns them to a [[House system|House]] based on their abilities, personality, and preferences. Hogwarts has four Houses, each named after one of the founders of the school. Throughout the school year, the Houses compete for the House Cup, gaining and losing points based on actions such as performance in class and rule violations. The House with the highest end-of-year total wins and has its colours displayed in the Great Hall during the following school year. Each House also has its own Quidditch team that competes for the Quidditch Cup. Each House is under the authority of one of the Hogwarts professors. The four Houses are described below.

* '''{{Visible anchor|Gryffindor|text=Gryffindor}}''' values courage, nerve, and chivalry. Gryffindor's mascot is a lion, and the Head of House is [[Minerva McGonagall]]. The Gryffindor dormitories are in a high tower, and students must use a password to gain entry. According to Rowling, Gryffindor corresponds roughly to the element of [[Fire (classical element)|fire]].<ref name="Colours">{{cite web |last1=Rowling |first1=J.K. |date=10 August 2015 |title=Colours |url=https://www.wizardingworld.com/writing-by-jk-rowling/colours |access-date=1 March 2022 |website=Wizarding World}}</ref>
* '''{{Visible anchor|Hufflepuff|text=Hufflepuff}}''' values hard work, patience, justice, and loyalty. Hufflepuff's mascot is a badger, and the Head of House is [[Pomona Sprout]]. Rowling said that Hufflepuff corresponds roughly to the element of [[Earth (classical element)|earth]].<ref name="Colours" />
* '''{{Visible anchor|Ravenclaw|text=Ravenclaw}}''' values intelligence, learning, wisdom, and wit.<ref>{{HPref|book=5}}</ref><ref name="HPbook7">{{HPref|book=7}}</ref> The house mascot is an eagle in the novels and a raven in the ''[[Harry Potter (film series)|Harry Potter]]'' and ''[[Fantastic Beasts (film series)|Fantastic Beasts]]'' films. In the novels, the Head of Ravenclaw House is [[Filius Flitwick]]. The dormitories are in Ravenclaw Tower, and students must solve a riddle to gain entry. Ravenclaw corresponds roughly to the element of [[Air (classical element)|air]].<ref name="Colours" />
* '''{{Visible anchor|Slytherin|text=Slytherin}}''' values ambition, cunning, leadership, and resourcefulness. The mascot of Slytherin is a serpent. [[Severus Snape]] is the Head of Slytherin House until he becomes headmaster, at which point [[Horace Slughorn]] assumes the position. The Slytherin dormitories are accessed by speaking a password in front of a stone wall in the dungeons, which causes a hidden door to open. Slytherin corresponds roughly to the element of [[Water (classical element)|water]].<ref name="Colours" />

Each year, two fifth-year students from each House are selected as [[School prefect|prefects]]. The position grants them certain privileges and the authority to give detentions for infractions. The leaders of the student body, the [[head girl and head boy]], are chosen from among the seventh-year students. Hogwarts students in their third year or higher are allowed to visit the nearby wizarding village of [[Hogsmeade]].

==In film==
Hogwarts is featured in the ''[[Harry Potter (film series)|Harry Potter]]'' film adaptations. England's [[Alnwick Castle]] was used for many scenes depicting exterior parts of the school. Shots of the entire school were created by adding a digital spire to images of [[Durham Cathedral]], which also served as a set for the interior of Hogwarts. A detailed scale model of Hogwarts was also used during production of the films.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hogwarts Castle Model |url=https://www.wbstudiotour.co.uk/explore-the-tour/art-department |access-date=2018-11-25 |website=Warner Bros. Studio Tour London: The Making of Harry Potter |language=en}}</ref>

== Cultural impact ==
In 2008, the Independent Schools Network Rankings website featured Hogwarts on a list of the best schools in Scotland. Frank Tiarks, the managing director of the website, said Hogwarts was included on the list for fun. Rowling's fictional school was ranked as the 36th-best school, surpassing Edinburgh's [[Loretto School]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 March 2008 |title=Harry Potter's school outranks Loretto |url=https://www.scotsman.com/education/harry-potters-school-outranks-loretto-2466498 |access-date=20 August 2024 |website=The Scotsman}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Harry Potter characters|Characters in ''Harry Potter'']]
* [[Fictional universe of Harry Potter|Fictional universe of ''Harry Potter'']]
* [[Places in Harry Potter|Places in ''Harry Potter'']]
* [[Warner Bros. Studio Tour London - The Making of Harry Potter|Warner Bros. Studio Tour London: The Making of ''Harry Potter'']]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book |last=Boyle |first=F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ie_K7-E2dUC&q=Potion |title=A Muggle's Guide to the Wizarding World: Exploring the Harry Potter universe |publisher=ECW Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-55022-655-3 |pages=192–195 |access-date=June 18, 2016}} {{subscription required}}
*{{cite book |last=Fowler |first=C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7jcyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA74 |title=The Ravenclaw Chronicles: Reflections from Edinboro |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publisher |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-4438-6598-2 |pages=74–77 |access-date=2016-06-18}}
*{{cite web |title=Harry Potter West Coast Railway |url=http://www.steamtrain.info/harry.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080813211628/http://www.steamtrain.info/harry.htm |archive-date=13 August 2008 |access-date=2 September 2013 |website=Jacobite Steam Train}}
*{{cite book |last=Highfield |first=R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GNrzY1tlmd4C&pg=PA111 |title=The Science of Harry Potter: How Magic Really Works |publisher=Penguin |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-14-200355-8 |access-date=June 19, 2016}}
*{{cite journal |journal=Meta: Translators' Journal |title=From Harry to Garri: Strategies for the Transfer of Culture and Ideology in Russian Translations of Two English Fantasy Stories |author=Inggs |first=Judith |volume=48 |issue=1–2 Traduction pour les enfants / Translation for children |date=May 2003 |pages=285–297 |doi=10.7202/006975ar |s2cid=145173155 |doi-access=}}
*{{cite news |title=Harry Potter: What Is 'Hogwarts' In French? (& 9 Other Translations For The School) |url=https://screenrant.com/harry-potter-hogwarts-french-other-translations-school-name/ |access-date=23 February 2021 |agency=|last=Leroy|first=Kath|date=August 20, 2020|work=ScreenRant}}
*{{cite book |last=Neal |first=C.W. |url=https://archive.org/details/gospelaccordingt0000neal |title=The Gospel According to Harry Potter: Spirituality in the stories of the world's most famous seeker |publisher=Westminster John Knox Press |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-664-22601-5 |series=Gospel According to Series |access-date=June 18, 2016 |url-access=registration}}
*{{cite book |last=Spencer |first=R.A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7HgwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207 |title=Harry Potter and the Classical World: Greek and Roman allusions in J.K. Rowling's modern epic |publisher=McFarland |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-4766-2141-8 |access-date=June 18, 2016}}
*{{cite book |last=Stouffer |first=Tere |title=The Complete Idiot's Guide to the World of Harry Potter |date= 2007 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=9781440636615}}
==External links==
* [https://www.wizardingworld.com/ Wizarding World: The Official Home of Harry Potter]
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{{Harry Potter}}
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[[Category:Fictional elements introduced in 1997]]
[[Category:Fictional fortifications]]
[[Category:Fictional locations in Scotland]]
[[Category:Harry Potter organisations]]
[[Category:Fictional buildings and structures originating in literature]]
[[Category:Glen Fiddich]]
[[Category:Fictional magic schools]]