Editing Hinds County, Mississippi

{{short description|County in Mississippi, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                     = Hinds County
| official_name            = 
| native_name              = <!-- if different from the English name -->
| native_name_lang         = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
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| settlement_type          = [[List of counties in Mississippi|County]]
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| image_skyline            = Hinds County (MS) District 2 Courthouse.jpg
| imagesize                =
| image_alt                =
| image_caption            = Hinds County Courthouse and Confederate Monument in Raymond
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| image_seal               = Hinds County, MS Seal 2.jpg
| seal_size                = 150px
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| image_map                = Map of Mississippi highlighting Hinds County.svg
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| map_caption              = Location in [[Mississippi]]
| image_map1               = Mississippi in United States.svg
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| coordinates              = {{coord|32.26|-90.44|type:adm2nd_region:US-MS_source:UScensus1990|display=title,inline}}
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| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = {{flagu|United States}}
| subdivision_type1        = State
| subdivision_name1        = {{flag|Mississippi}}
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| subdivision_name2        = <!-- etc., subdivision_type6 / subdivision_name6 -->
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| established_title        = Founded
| established_date         = 1821
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| founder                  =
| named_for                = [[Thomas Hinds]]
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| seat_type                = [[County seat]]
| seat                     = [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] and [[Raymond, Mississippi|Raymond]]
| seat1_type               = Largest city
| seat1                    = Jackson
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| area_total_sq_mi         = 877
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| area_land_sq_mi          = 870
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| area_water_sq_mi         = 7.6
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| area_blank1_km2          =
| area_blank1_sq_mi        = 0.9
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| width_mi                 = <!-- elevation -->
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<!-- population -->
| population_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_total         = 227742
| pop_est_footnotes        =
| pop_est_as_of            = 2022
| population_est           = 217730
| population_rank          = MS: [[List of counties in Mississippi|1st]]<br>US: [[List of the most populous counties in the United States|321st]]
| population_density_km2   = <!-- for automatic calculation of any density field, use: auto -->
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| timezone1                = [[Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset1              = −6
| timezone1_DST            = CDT
| utc_offset1_DST          = −5
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| area_code                = [[Area codes 601 and 769|601]], 769
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| blank_name_sec1          = Congressional districts
| blank_info_sec1          = [[Mississippi's 2nd congressional district|2nd]], [[Mississippi's 3rd congressional district|3rd]]
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<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website                  = {{URL|www.hindscountyms.com|Official website}}
| footnotes                =
}}

'''Hinds County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Mississippi]]. With its [[county seat]]s ([[Raymond, Mississippi|Raymond]] and the state's capital, [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]]), Hinds is the most populous county in Mississippi with a [[2020 United States census|2020 census]] population of 227,742 residents.<ref name="QF">{{cite web| title=State & County QuickFacts| url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/hindscountymississippi/PST045222|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=September 15, 2023}}</ref> Hinds County is a central part of the [[Jackson, Mississippi metropolitan area|Jackson metropolitan statistical area]]. It is a professional, educational, business and industrial hub in the state. It is bordered on the northwest by the [[Big Black River (Mississippi)|Big Black River]] and on the east by the [[Pearl River (Mississippi–Louisiana)|Pearl River]]. It is one county width away from the [[Yazoo River]] and the southern border of the [[Mississippi Delta]].

In the 19th century, the rural areas of the county were devoted to cotton [[plantations in the American South|plantations]] worked by [[Slavery in the United States|enslaved]] African Americans and depended on agriculture well into the 20th century; from 1877 to 1950, this county had 22 [[Lynching in the United States|lynchings]], the highest number in the state. Mississippi has the highest total number of lynchings of any state.<ref name="eji">[https://eji.org/sites/default/files/lynching-in-america-second-edition-supplement-by-county.pdf ''Lynching in America'', 2nd edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627005306/https://eji.org/sites/default/files/lynching-in-america-second-edition-supplement-by-county.pdf |date=June 27, 2018 }}, Supplement by County, p. 5</ref>

In September 2022, it was reported that Hinds County, Mississippi, had the highest STD rate in the United States, with 2,253 cases per 100,000 residents.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/sc-county-among-highest-std-090000183.html | title=This SC county has among the highest STD rates in the US, report shows. Do you live there? | date=September 28, 2022 }}</ref>

==Etymology==
The county is named for General [[Thomas Hinds]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|publisher=Govt. Print. Off.|author=Gannett, Henry|year=1905|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n156 157]}}</ref> a hero of the [[Battle of New Orleans]] during the [[War of 1812]].

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|877|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|870|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|7.6|sqmi}} (0.9%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_28.txt| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928074019/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_28.txt|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 28, 2013|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 4, 2014| date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref> It is the third-largest county in Mississippi by land area and fifth-largest by total area.

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Madison County, Mississippi|Madison County]] (northeast)
* [[Rankin County, Mississippi|Rankin County]] (east)
* [[Copiah County, Mississippi|Copiah County]] (south)
* [[Claiborne County, Mississippi|Claiborne County]] (southwest)
* [[Warren County, Mississippi|Warren County]] (west)
* [[Yazoo County, Mississippi|Yazoo County]] (northwest)

===National protected area===
* [[Natchez Trace Parkway]] (part)

==Transportation==

===Major highways===
* {{jct|state=MS|I|20}}
* {{jct|state=MS|I|55}}
* {{jct|state=MS|I|220}}
* {{jct|state=MS|US|49}}
* {{jct|state=MS|US|51}}
* {{jct|state=MS|US|80}}
* {{jct|state=MS|MS|18}}
* {{jct|state=MS|MS|22}}
* {{jct|state=MS|MS|25}}
* {{jct|state=MS|MS|27}}
* {{jct|state=MS|MS|467}}
* {{jct|state=MS|MS|473}}
* {{jct|state=MS|MS|476}}
* {{jct|state=MS|NTP}}

===Airports===
The following public-use airports are located in Hinds County:
* [[Hawkins Field (airport)|Hawkins Field]] (HKS) in [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]]
* [[John Bell Williams Airport]] (JVW) in [[Raymond, Mississippi|Raymond]]

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1830= 8645
|1840= 19098
|1850= 25340
|1860= 31339
|1870= 30488
|1880= 43958
|1890= 39279
|1900= 52577
|1910= 63726
|1920= 57110
|1930= 85118
|1940= 107273
|1950= 142164
|1960= 187045
|1970= 214973
|1980= 250998
|1990= 254441
|2000= 250800
|2010= 245285
|2020= 227742
|estyear=2023
|estimate=214870
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 5, 2024}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 21, 2014}}</ref><br />1790–1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=October 21, 2014}}</ref> 1900–1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ms190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 21, 2014}}</ref><br />1990–2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 21, 2014}}</ref> 2010–2020<ref name="QF"/>
}}

With a population of 8,645 at the [[1830 United States census|1830 census]], the county's population has experienced growth to an initial historic high of 250,000 in 1980; its second historic high was 254,441 at the [[1990 United States census|1990 census]]. Since then, its population has fluctuated to 250,800 in 2000 and 245,285 in 2010. At the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], its population was 227,742, locally reflecting a drop in the state's overall population.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=2020 Race and Population Totals |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US28049&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=December 16, 2021 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2021 |title=Census shows Mississippi lost population and diversified |url=https://apnews.com/article/mississippi-census-2020-a1e6f0aa9d508d88b13af95354f07711 |access-date=November 26, 2022 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref>

===Race and ethnicity===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Hinds County, Mississippi – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Hinds County, Mississippi |url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=050XX00US28049&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Hinds County, Mississippi|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=050XX00US28049&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Hinds County, Mississippi|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=050XX00US28049&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|92,804
|68,609
|style='background: #ffffe6; |58,012
|37.00%
|27.97%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |25.47%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|152,652
|168,839
|style='background: #ffffe6; |157,483
|60.87%
|68.83%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |69.15%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|280
|343
|style='background: #ffffe6; |332
|0.11%
|0.14%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.15%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|1,493
|1,851
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,157
|0.60%
|0.75%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.95%
|-
|[[Native Hawaiian]] or [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|23
|29
|style='background: #ffffe6; |43
|0.01%
|0.01%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.02%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|153
|151
|style='background: #ffffe6; |562
|0.06%
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.25%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|1,417
|1,833
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,589
|0.56%
|0.75%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.01%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|1,978
|3,630
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,564
|0.79%
|1.48%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.00%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''250,800'''
|'''245,285'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''227,742'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}


With the trend of greater diversification in the United States leading up to and following the 2020 census,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Frey |first=William H. |date=August 13, 2021 |title=New 2020 census results show increased diversity countering decade-long declines in America's white and youth populations |url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/new-2020-census-results-show-increased-diversity-countering-decade-long-declines-in-americas-white-and-youth-populations/ |access-date=November 26, 2022 |website=Brookings |language=en-US}}</ref> the population of [[non-Hispanic whites]] declined from 37.0% of the population in 2000 to 25.5% of the population in 2020. The 2020 census reported 69.2% of its population was Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.0% Asian, nil% Pacific Islander, 2.0% of two or more races, and 2.0% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

==Law enforcement==
The Hinds County Sheriffs Department provides police services to areas of the county that are [[Unincorporated areas|unincorporated]] or in municipalities that do not have their own local police force. It was founded on January 1, 1928.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 3, 2013 |title=Sheriff |url=http://www.hindscountyms.com/elected-offices/sheriff |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=www.hindscountyms.com |language=en}}</ref>

Tyrone Lewis took office January 3, 2012, taking over from Malcolm E. McMillin who had held the role for 20 years. Victor Mason defeated Tyrone Lewis August 4, 2015, as Lewis sought another term. Mason went on to secure the Office November 3, 2015. Mason defeated 3 other candidates securing more than seventy percent of the vote. Victor Mason was defeated in the Democratic Primary on August 27, 2019, by Lee D. Vance. On August 4, 2021, Sheriff Lee Vance was found deceased at his home after contracting COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wjtv.com/news/local/hinds-county-sheriff-lee-vance-passes-away/|title=Hinds County Sheriff Lee Vance passes away|date=August 4, 2021}}</ref> The current sheriff is Tyree Jones, elected November 23, 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wjtv.com/news/election/tyree-jones-elected-hinds-county-sheriff/|title = Tyree Jones elected Hinds County Sheriff|date=November 24, 2021}}</ref>

==Politics==
Hinds County is one of the most staunchly Democratic counties in Mississippi due to it being an urban county and having a large African-American population. The last Republican to win the county was [[George H.W. Bush]] in his failed 1992 re-election bid.

{{PresHead|place=Hinds County, Mississippi|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=March 4, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Democratic|22,816|62,840|1,472|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2020|Democratic|25,141|73,550|1,517|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2016|Democratic|25,275|67,594|2,208|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2012|Democratic|29,664|76,112|715|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2008|Democratic|32,949|75,401|552|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2004|Democratic|36,975|54,845|680|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2000|Democratic|37,753|46,789|3,228|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1996|Democratic|35,653|45,410|3,446|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|45,031|43,434|7,559|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|52,749|41,058|1,199|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|56,953|42,373|1,142|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|48,135|39,369|2,570|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|45,803|28,748|1,205|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|49,877|12,679|1,540|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1968|American Independent|13,488|14,880|32,366|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1964|Republican|36,831|5,058|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1960|Dixiecrat|11,083|5,811|12,094|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1956|Democratic|7,015|7,104|6,159|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|12,520|10,933|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1948|Dixiecrat|492|1,041|13,722|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1944|Democratic|962|10,466|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|538|9,917|4|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|313|8,647|16|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|403|6,541|39|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1928|Democratic|976|5,707|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1924|Democratic|245|4,083|170|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1920|Democratic|151|2,510|67|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|97|2,220|20|Mississippi}}
{{PresFoot|1912|Democratic|40|2,065|118|Mississippi}}

==Education==
[[Image:School Districts in Hinds County, Mississippi.png|thumb|right|350px|Public School Districts in Hinds County]]

===Public schools===
School districts:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st28_ms/schooldistrict_maps/c28049_hinds/DC20SD_C28049.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701044238/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st28_ms/schooldistrict_maps/c28049_hinds/DC20SD_C28049.pdf |archive-date=July 1, 2021 |url-status=live|title=2020 Census – School District Reference Map: Hinds County, MS|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=July 19, 2022}} – [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st28_ms/schooldistrict_maps/c28049_hinds/DC20SD_C28049_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>
* [[Clinton Public School District]]
* [[Hinds County School District]] (Raymond)
* [[Jackson Public School District]]

State-operated schools:
* [[Mississippi School for the Blind]]
* [[Mississippi School for the Deaf]]

===Private schools===
* Clinton Christian Academy (Clinton)
* [[Hillcrest Christian School]] (Jackson)
* [[Jackson Academy (Mississippi)|Jackson Academy]] (Jackson)
* Mt. Salus Christian School (Clinton)
* [[Rebul Academy]] (Learned)
* Central Hinds Academy (Raymond)

===Colleges and universities===
* [[Belhaven University]] (Jackson)
* [[Hinds Community College]] (Raymond)
* [[Jackson State University]] (Jackson)
* [[Millsaps College]] (Jackson)
* [[Mississippi College]] (Clinton)
** [[Mississippi College School of Law]] (Jackson)
* [[Reformed Theological Seminary]] (Jackson)
* [[Tougaloo College]] (Tougaloo)
* [[University of Mississippi Medical Center]] (Jackson)
* [[Wesley Biblical Seminary]] (Jackson)

Hinds County is in the community college district of Hinds Community College.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hub.hindscc.edu/hubfs/Recruiting/admission_guide.pdf|title=Admission Guide 2019-2020|publisher=[[Hinds Community College]]|page=10 (PDF p. 12/20)|access-date=2024-09-27|quote=[...]located in the Hinds Community College District (Hinds, Rankin, Warren, Claiborne, and Copiah counties)[...]}}</ref>

===Public libraries===
* [[Jackson/Hinds Library System]]

==Communities==

===Cities===
* [[Byram, Mississippi|Byram]]
* [[Clinton, Mississippi|Clinton]]
* [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] (county seat; partly in [[Madison County, Mississippi|Madison]] and [[Rankin County, Mississippi|Rankin]] counties)
* [[Raymond, Mississippi|Raymond]] (county seat)

===Towns===
* [[Bolton, Mississippi|Bolton]]
* [[Edwards, Mississippi|Edwards]]
* [[Learned, Mississippi|Learned]]
* [[Terry, Mississippi|Terry]]
* [[Utica, Mississippi|Utica]]

===Unincorporated communities===
* [[Brownsville, Mississippi|Brownsville]]
* [[Cayuga, Mississippi|Cayuga]]
* [[Cynthia, Mississippi|Cynthia]]
* [[Midway, Hinds County, Mississippi|Midway]]
* [[Oakley Youth Development Center|Oakley]]
* [[Pocahontas, Mississippi|Pocahontas]]

==Notable people==
* [[Kate Stone]] (1841–1907), diarist
* [[Henry Sloan]] (1870–1948), delta blues musician
* [[Charley Patton]] (1891–1934), blues musician
* [[Richard Durham]] (1917–1984), writer of the radio series ''[[Destination Freedom]]''<!-- Durham's article is in draft status -->

==See also==
{{Portal|Mississippi}}
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Hinds County, Mississippi]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.hindscountyms.com/ Hinds County] – Official site.

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Hinds County, Mississippi
|North     = [[Yazoo County, Mississippi|Yazoo County]]
|Northeast = [[Madison County, Mississippi|Madison County]]
|East      = [[Rankin County, Mississippi|Rankin County]]
|Southeast =
|South     = [[Copiah County, Mississippi|Copiah County]]
|Southwest = [[Claiborne County, Mississippi|Claiborne County]]
|West      = [[Warren County, Mississippi|Warren County]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Hinds County, Mississippi}}
{{Mississippi}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Hinds County, Mississippi| ]]
[[Category:1821 establishments in Mississippi]]
[[Category:Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi]]
[[Category:Mississippi counties]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1821]]
[[Category:Black Belt (U.S. region)]]
[[Category:Majority-minority counties in Mississippi]]