Editing Hinckley, Minnesota

{{short description|City in Minnesota, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Hinckley
|native_name = Gaa-zhiigwanaabikokaag
|native_name_lang = oj
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Hinckley Minnesota.jpg
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_caption            = Main Street in downtown Hinckley in 2007
|image_flag               = 
|image_blank_emblem       = Official Hinckley Logo.png
|blank_emblem_type        = Logo

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map = Pine_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Hinckley_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250x200px
|map_caption              = Location of the city of Hinckley<br>within Pine County, Minnesota
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Minnesota]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Minnesota|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Pine County, Minnesota|Pine]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = Mayor
|leader_name              = Donald Zeman<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.co.pine.mn.us/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B4BE2F27C-B77C-4F0A-9BE6-BFAFD400FEBF%7D|title=City Officials - Pine County Minnesota|website=www.co.pine.mn.us|access-date=23 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304110530/http://www.co.pine.mn.us/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B4BE2F27C-B77C-4F0A-9BE6-BFAFD400FEBF%7D|archive-date=4 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] (village)
|established_date         = 1885<ref name="Lakenwoods">{{cite web|url=http://www.lakesnwoods.com/Hinckley.htm|title=Guide to Hinckley Minnesota|website=www.lakesnwoods.com|access-date=23 April 2018}}</ref>
|established_title1       = Incorporated (city)
|established_date1        = November 27, 1907<ref name="Lakenwoods" />

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_27.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 9.93
|area_land_km2            = 9.81
|area_water_km2           = 0.13
|area_total_sq_mi         = 3.84
|area_land_sq_mi          = 3.79
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.05

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 1904
|population_density_km2   = 194.18
|population_density_sq_mi = 502.91
|population_blank1_title  = [[Demonym]]
|population_blank1        = Hincklian

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 1014
|coordinates              = {{coord|46|0|44|N|92|56|32|W|region:US-MN|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 55037
|area_code                = [[Area code 320|320]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 27-29294<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2394390<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2394390}}</ref>
|website                  = [http://www.hinckley.govoffice2.com/ www.hinckley.govoffice2.com]
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
}}
'''Hinckley''' is a city in [[Pine County, Minnesota|Pine County]], [[Minnesota]], United States, located at the junction of [[Interstate 35 in Minnesota|Interstate 35]] and [[Minnesota State Highway 48]]. The population was 1,800 at the [[United States Census, 2010|2010 census]].<ref name="2010 Census">{{cite web|title=2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |work=American FactFinder |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census |access-date=23 April 2011 }}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

Hinckley's name in the [[Ojibwe language]] is ''Gaa-zhiigwanaabikokaag'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.millelacsojibwe.org/pdf/StatutesTitle2.pdf |title=Mille Lacs Band Statutes, Annotated (2MLBSA§11c) |access-date=2008-07-03 |archive-date=2008-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080909222912/http://www.millelacsojibwe.org/pdf/StatutesTitle2.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Weshki-ayaad, Lippert and Gambill. [http://www.freelang.net/dictionary/ojibwe.html Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary]</ref> meaning "the place abundant with grindstones" due to being located along the [[Grindstone River]].  Portions of the [[Mille Lacs Indian Reservation]] are located within and adjacent to Hinckley.

On September 1, 1894, the [[Great Hinckley Fire]] killed more than 400 people.

Hinckley is generally considered the halfway point on Interstate 35 between [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul]] and [[Duluth, Minnesota|Duluth]].

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|3.83|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|3.78|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.05|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-11-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 12, 2012 }}</ref>

Interstate Highway [[Interstate 35 in Minnesota|35]] and Minnesota Highway [[Minnesota State Highway 23|23]] ([[Concurrency (road)|co-signed]]); and Minnesota Highway [[Minnesota State Highway 48|48]] are two of the main routes in Hinckley.  Interstate 35 runs north–south; and Highway 48 (Fire Monument Road) runs east–west.  Pine County 61 passes through downtown Hinckley.

Hinckley is along the Grindstone River. The Kettle River is also nearby.

Hinckley is the home of [[Grand Casino Hinckley]], sister casino to Grand Casino Mille Lacs; which holds an associate count equal to the population of the city of Hinckley itself.

''Camp Nathanael'' is located {{convert|16|mi|km}} east of Hinckley on Highway 48.

===Climate===
{{Weather box   <!-- Infobox begins -->
| single line = Y
| location    = Hinckley, Minnesota, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1905&ndash;2011

|Jan record high F = 53
|Feb record high F = 58
|Mar record high F = 79
|Apr record high F = 94
|May record high F = 93
|Jun record high F = 101
|Jul record high F = 102
|Aug record high F = 102
|Sep record high F = 96
|Oct record high F = 88
|Nov record high F = 73
|Dec record high F = 59

|Jan avg record high F = 39.8
|Feb avg record high F = 45.4
|Mar avg record high F = 59.6
|Apr avg record high F = 76.7
|May avg record high F = 84.0
|Jun avg record high F = 88.6
|Jul avg record high F = 90.9
|Aug avg record high F = 90.3
|Sep avg record high F = 83.9
|Oct avg record high F = 75.0
|Nov avg record high F = 57.8
|Dec avg record high F = 42.1
|year avg record high F = 93.2

<!-- Average high temperatures -->
| Jan high F  =19.4
| Feb high F  =25.3
| Mar high F  =37.5
| Apr high F  =52.2
| May high F  =65.4
| Jun high F  =74.6
| Jul high F  =79.4
| Aug high F  =77.3
| Sep high F  =69.4
| Oct high F  =54.6
| Nov high F  =38.7
| Dec high F  =25.6
<!-- Mean daily temperature -->
| Jan mean F  =9.3
| Feb mean F  =14.3
| Mar mean F  =26.6
| Apr mean F  =40.3
| May mean F  =52.6
| Jun mean F  =62.4
| Jul mean F  =67.2
| Aug mean F  =64.8
| Sep mean F  =56.7
| Oct mean F  =43.4
| Nov mean F  =29.8
| Dec mean F  =17.1
<!-- Average low temperatures -->
| Jan low F  =-0.9
| Feb low F  =3.3
| Mar low F  =15.7
| Apr low F  =28.4
| May low F  =39.9
| Jun low F  =50.3
| Jul low F  =54.9
| Aug low F  =52.4
| Sep low F  =44.0
| Oct low F  =32.1
| Nov low F  =20.9
| Dec low F  =8.5

|Jan avg record low F = -23.6
|Feb avg record low F = -17.9
|Mar avg record low F = -5.7
|Apr avg record low F = 15.6
|May avg record low F = 27.9
|Jun avg record low F = 37.5
|Jul avg record low F = 44.1
|Aug avg record low F = 42.5
|Sep avg record low F = 29.1
|Oct avg record low F = 18.7
|Nov avg record low F = 2.9
|Dec avg record low F = -17.8
|year avg record low F = -27.0

|Jan record low F = -41
|Feb record low F = -39
|Mar record low F = -38
|Apr record low F = -2
|May record low F = 15
|Jun record low F = 29
|Jul record low F = 37
|Aug record low F = 30
|Sep record low F = 20
|Oct record low F = -30
|Nov record low F = -22
|Dec record low F = -40

<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
| precipitation colour    =  green
| Jan precipitation inch  =0.95
| Feb precipitation inch  =0.90
| Mar precipitation inch  =1.64
| Apr precipitation inch  =2.77
| May precipitation inch  =3.81
| Jun precipitation inch  =4.64
| Jul precipitation inch  =4.07
| Aug precipitation inch  =4.26
| Sep precipitation inch  =3.61
| Oct precipitation inch  =3.45
| Nov precipitation inch  =1.61
| Dec precipitation inch  =1.30

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 7.9
|Feb precipitation days = 6.6
|Mar precipitation days = 7.1
|Apr precipitation days = 9.6
|May precipitation days = 12.1
|Jun precipitation days = 12.8
|Jul precipitation days = 10.6
|Aug precipitation days = 9.9
|Sep precipitation days = 9.6
|Oct precipitation days = 10.5
|Nov precipitation days = 7.2
|Dec precipitation days = 8.0

<!-- Snowfall -->
| Jan snow inch  =7.3
| Feb snow inch  =7.7
| Mar snow inch  =7.7
| Apr snow inch  =3.7
| May snow inch  =0.1
| Jun snow inch  =0.0
| Jul snow inch  =0.0
| Aug snow inch  =0.0
| Sep snow inch  =0.0
| Oct snow inch  =0.7
| Nov snow inch  =8.8
| Dec snow inch  =8.8

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 7.1
|Feb snow days = 5.5
|Mar snow days = 4.2
|Apr snow days = 1.6
|May snow days = 0.1
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.7
|Nov snow days = 3.7
|Dec snow days = 6.7

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00213793&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Hinckley, MN
|access-date = May 13, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 1981&ndash;2010)<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=dlh
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Duluth
|access-date = May 13, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

==History==
[[File:Hinckley Fire Museum & water tower.jpg|right|thumb|The [[Hinckley Fire Museum]] and Hinckley water tower]]
{{unreferenced section|date=February 2023}}
The [[Ojibwe people|Ojibwe]] Indians were the first people to settle the Hinckley area.  They trapped and hunted on the land and [[fur trade|traded furs]] at the Mille Lacs and Pokegama trading posts.

When European settlers came to the Hinckley area, it was a heavily forested area with thick forests of white pine, some of the largest in the state. The first railroad arrived in Hinckley in 1869; and so began a logging and railroad expansion.

Hinckley was founded as the Village of ''Central Station'' in 1885, the village was re-incorporated as the City of Hinckley in 1907. Both names were after [[Hinckley Township, Pine County, Minnesota|Hinckley Township]] where the city is located within.  Surrounding Hinckley Township was known as ''Central Station'' by the railroads because of its position halfway between the Twin Ports of [[Duluth, Minnesota|Duluth]] and [[Superior, Wisconsin|Superior]] as well as the Twin Cities of [[Minneapolis|Minneapolis and St. Paul]].  Hinckley Township was named in 1870 after [[Isaac Hinckley]], president of the [[Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad]].

By 1894, Hinckley was a prosperous community that had everything needed to serve residents and the fast-expanding lumber industry.

On September 1, 1894, everything changed with a firestorm wiping out Hinckley and many northeastern Minnesota towns. Today the [[Northern Pacific Depot (Hinckley, Minnesota)|Hinckley Fire Museum]], nine blocks west of Interstate 35 in downtown Hinckley, tells the devastating story of what came to be called the [[Great Hinckley Fire]] and the town's recovery from it. The museum is located in a restored railroad depot downtown, an exact replica of the pre-fire depot, built just after the fire.

After the fire, the burned stumps of the forests were cleared to take advantage of the now nutrient-rich soil. Hinckley's recovery would hinge on agriculture. Some of the main crops were potatoes, fruits and vegetables. The early harvests were bountiful.  Abundant clover helped feed milk cows for a brisk dairy industry.

Following the national trend in farming {{when|date=December 2017}}, Hinckley has lost most of its agricultural underpinnings.

The Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe opened Grand Casino Hinckley in 1992.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1890= 618
|1900= 459
|1910= 673
|1920= 673
|1930= 682
|1940= 873
|1950= 902
|1960= 851
|1970= 885
|1980= 963
|1990= 946
|2000= 1291
|2010= 1800
|2020= 1904
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://web.archive.org/web/20060208103743/http://www.census.gov:80/prod/www/abs/decennial/ U.S. Decennial Census]
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-11-13}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,800 people, 736 households, and 409 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|476.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 785 housing units at an average density of {{convert|207.7|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 82.4% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.1% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 10.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.8% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 5.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.5% of the population.

There were 736 households, of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 17.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.4% were non-families. 35.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the city was 32.5 years. 28.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 21.4% were from 45 to 64; and 14.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 1,291 people, 551 households, and 332 families living in the city.  The population density was {{convert|454.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 614 housing units at an average density of {{convert|216.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the city was 91.87% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.15% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 5.81% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.70% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.08% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.39% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.08% of the population.

There were 551 households, out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 17.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.7% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.6 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,338, and the median income for a family was $37,313. Males had a median income of $29,167 versus $21,375 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,537.  About 12.5% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 17.8% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
It is a part of [[Hinckley-Finlayson Public Schools]].<ref name=PineCoSDmap>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st27_mn/schooldistrict_maps/c27115_pine/DC20SD_C27115.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811145233/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st27_mn/schooldistrict_maps/c27115_pine/DC20SD_C27115.pdf |archive-date=2021-08-11 |url-status=live|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Pine County, MN|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2021-08-11}}</ref> The school district was established in 1994 through the consolidation of the Hinckley and Finlayson school districts.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.house.leg.state.mn.us/hrd/issinfo/schdistcon.aspx?src=34|title=School District Consolidations|publisher=[[Minnesota House of Representatives]]|accessdate=2021-08-11}}</ref>

==Notable people==
The following list includes those who were either born in, or who have resided (or presently reside) in Hinckley:
* [[Boston Corbett]] — [[Abraham Lincoln]] avenger

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.hinckleymn.com/ Hinckley Convention and Visitors Bureau – Visitor Information website]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FD2NZaffG0 Video documentary on The Hinckley Fire of 1894]
*[http://www.lakesnwoods.com/HinckleyGallery.htm Hinckley Photo Gallery website]
*[http://www.hinckley.govoffice2.com/ Hinckley, Minnesota – City Government website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901190639/http://www.hinckley.govoffice2.com/ |date=September 1, 2011 }}

{{Pine County, Minnesota}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Minnesota]]
[[Category:Cities in Pine County, Minnesota]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1885]]
[[Category:1885 establishments in Minnesota]]