Editing Hillegom

{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- Name and transliteration -->
| name                    = Hillegom
| settlement_type         = [[Town]] and [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]]
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline           = Gemeentehuis Hillegom June 2016.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = Hillegom Town Hall
| image_flag              = Flag of Hillegom.svg
| flag_size               = 100x67px
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Coat of arms of Hillegom.svg
| shield_size             = 100x80px
| shield_alt              = 
<!-- Maps, coordinates -->
| image_map               = Map - NL - Municipality code 0534 (2009).svg
| map_alt                 = Highlighted position of Hillegom in a municipal map of South Holland
| map_caption             = Location in South Holland
| coordinates             = {{coord|52|17|N|4|35|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[South Holland]]
| government_footnotes    = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web
 |url         = https://www.hillegom.nl/secure/gemeentebestuur/collegevanbenw/ledencollevanbenw/id_114029
 |title       = Leden college van B&W
 |trans-title = Members of the board of mayor and aldermen
 |language    = nl
 |publisher   = Gemeente Hillegom
 |access-date  = 30 July 2013
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://archive.today/20130730154504/https://www.hillegom.nl/secure/gemeentebestuur/collegevanbenw/ledencollevanbenw/id_114029
 |archive-date = 30 July 2013
}}</ref>
| governing_body          = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = [[Burgomaster|Mayor]]
| leader_name             = Roberto ter Hark (2024–present)
<!-- Geographic information -->
| unit_pref               = Metric
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}</ref>
<!-- square kilometers -->
| area_total_km2          = {{Dutch municipality total area|Hillegom}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Dutch municipality land area|Hillegom}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Dutch municipality water area|Hillegom}}
| elevation_footnotes     = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web
 |url=http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool 
 |title=Postcodetool for 2181EC 
 |language=nl 
 |work=Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland 
 |publisher=Het Waterschapshuis 
 |access-date=30 July 2013 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053543/http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool 
 |archive-date=21 September 2013 
}}</ref>
| elevation_m             = 1
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         =
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         =
<!-- Population, demographics -->
| population_footnotes    = <ref>{{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}</ref>
| population_total        = {{Dutch municipality population|Hillegom}}
| population_as_of        = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}
| population_density_km2  = {{Dutch municipality population density|Hillegom}} <!-- For automatic calculation: auto-->
| population_demonym      = Hillegommer
<!-- Other information -->
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code             = 2180–2182
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code               = 0252
| website                 = {{Official URL}}
| footnotes               =
}}

'''Hillegom''' ({{IPA|nl|ˌɦɪləˈɣɔm|lang|321 Hillegom.ogg}}) is a [[town]] and [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]] in the Western [[Netherlands]], in the [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[South Holland]]. Hillegom is part of an area called the [[Duin- en Bollenstreek]] ("Dune and Bulb Region"). As such, a large portion of the local economy was traditionally geared to the cultivation of bulb flowers.

The name Hillegom is derived from the [[abbey]] named ''Hijlighem'' ([[Old Frankish]] for "Holy Home"). This abbey no longer exists. The current Lord of Hillegom is [[Six family|Jan Six X]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hillegompromotie.nl/sixvanhillegom.php |title=Six van Hillegom |website=Hillegom Promotie |language=nl |access-date=17 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129043006/http://www.hillegompromotie.nl/sixvanhillegom.php |archive-date=29 November 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bollenstreek.info/nl/de-regio/plaatsenoverzicht/hillegom |title=Hillegom |website=Bollenstreek |language=nl |access-date=17 November 2014}}</ref>

==History==
Hillegom was formed on the eastern edge of the coastal [[dune]]s where the old [[Leiden]] to [[Haarlem]] route crossed the ''Hillegommerbeek'' (Hillegom's Creek), not far from the shores of the ''[[Haarlemmermeer]]'' (Haarlem's Lake). Places with the suffix "-heim" (or variant spellings) usually developed before the year 1000 and therefore it is assumed that this may apply to Hillegom as well. In 1150 the [[abbot]] of [[Egmond Abbey|Egmond]] had the rights to naming priests in Hillegom, indicating that a church or chapel existed there. In 1248 the count [[William II of Holland|Willem II]] gave the Chapel of Hijllinghem and all its buildings to the Abbot of Egmond.

In the middle of the 14th century, Hillegom gained some prominence when the [[Count of Holland|counts of Holland]] convened there 3 times for council. In 1369, there were 46 houses with a population of 283, growing to 67 houses and 412 people in 1477.

{{Stack|
[[File:Hillegom 1865.gif|thumb|left|Hillegom in 1865.]]
[[File:Hillegom Beekkade.jpg|thumb|left|The Beekkade along Hillegom's Creek.]]
|float=left}}
During the [[Eighty Years' War]], Hillegom found itself several times between the opposing Spanish and [[Les Gueux|Dutch Rebel]] armies, resulting in its near destruction in 1577. But after the middle of the 17th century, the area became prosperous through the cultivation of fruits and vegetables, growing on the sandy soil of fields dug out the dunes.

In 1722, the rich Amsterdam merchant Jan Six II bought the [[fiefdom]] Hillegom and built improvements, including a stone bridge over the Hillegommerbeek and a pump in the village square as well as paving a portion of the main road. In 1749, he purchased ''Het Hof'' (The Courtyard), an [[Estate (house)|estate]] in the centre of Hillegom. At this time, there were many other estates of rich merchants and [[stadtholder]]s in Hillegom, such as Bethlehem, Oostende, Horstendael, Weeresteyn, Treslong, Duin en Weg, Meer en Dorp, Het Hof, Lapinenburg and Elsbroek (many of these names survive as neighborhood names). The population grew to 930 in 1732 and to 1050 in 1795.

In 1855 Hillegom absorbed the former municipality of [[De Vennip]]. During the 19th century, the beauty of the area and its estates slowly began to disappear. Developers bought the estates, cut down the forests, and excavated the sand dunes to create fields for [[bulb]] flower cultivation. This process accelerated in 1904 when a lime-sand brick factory was built just south of Hillegom, which needed large amounts of sand. By the early 1920s, all estates had disappeared, except for ''Het Hof'' which became Hillegom's [[town hall]]. This same period saw the rapid growth of the bulb flower industry and Hillegom's population, up to 8800 in 1916.

Hillegom's convenient location led to another rapid growth period during the 1960s, 70s, and 80s, when many new neighborhoods were built to accommodate families working in either Haarlem, Amsterdam, or Leiden. Its economy became less dependent on the bulb flower trade and more diversified with the establishment of a few business parks.
{{Clear left}}
==Geography==
[[File:Gem-Hillegom-OpenTopo.jpg|260px|thumb|Dutch Topographic map of Hillegom, June 2015]]
Hillegom is bordered by the municipalities of [[Bloemendaal]] (and formerly [[Bennebroek]]) to the north, [[Haarlemmermeer]] to the east, [[Lisse]] to the south, and [[Noordwijk]] (formerly [[Noordwijkerhout]]) to the west. The municipality covers an area of {{convert|{{Dutch municipality total area|Hillegom}}|km2|abbr=on}} of which {{convert|{{Dutch municipality water area|Hillegom}}|km2|abbr=on}} is water.

===Neighbourhoods===
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|
* Centrum
* Elsbroek
* De Marel
* Meer en Dorp I and II
* Patrimonium
* Treslong
* De Zanderij
* Hofzicht
* Weerestein
* Amerikabuurt
* Hillegom Zuid
* Vossepolder (under construction)
}}

==Demographics==
[[Image:Bevolkingspiramide - Gemeente Hillegom (2007).png|thumb|right|Population spread by age group, 2007.]]
Population on January 1:
*1899: 5,361
*1930: 10,812
*1960: 14,789
*1970: 16,963
*1980: 17,937
*1990: 19,885
*2000: 20,664
*2004: 20,588
*2006: 20,317
*2011: 20,627
*2017: 21,629
:''Source: Statistics Netherlands''

==Transport==
Historically, much of the town's transport was done by water, either canals or streams.

The Hillegommerbeek (Hillegom's Creek) was used to transport goods from the town to Haarlemmermeer (Haarlem's Lake) and, after its [[Land reclamation|reclamation]], to the [[Ringvaart]]. Several docks and wharfs still line the creek and canal.

The ''[[Leidsevaart]]'' (Leiden Canal) was completed in 1657 and runs between Leiden and Haarlem just west of Hillegom. This canal has fallen in disuse because of its many non-operable bridges.

Hillegom is served by Provincial Roads 207, 208, and 442.

===Railway===
[[File:Bollenveld Hillegom.JPG|thumb|right|Bulb flower fields near Hillegom.]]
Hillegom is served by [[Hillegom railway station]], with direct connections to [[Haarlem]] in the north and [[Leiden]] and [[The Hague]] southward.

==Tourism and attractions==
The most interesting time to visit is during the spring when the fields around Hillegom are in a colourful bloom. At this time a flower [[parade]], the ''Bloemencorso'', travels through its main streets.

Hillegom was home to the [[:nl:Den Hartogh Ford Museum|Den Hartogh Ford Museum]], which had the world's largest collection of [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] automobiles, until it closed down in 2016. It had over 200 classic cars, all from before World War II.

== Notable people ==
[[File:Piet van Zeil 1980 (1).jpg|upright|thumb|Piet van Zeil, 1980]]
* [[Adriaan van der Willigen Pz.]] (1810 in Hillegom – 1876) a doctor and historian
* Dr. [[Willem Pleyte]] (1836 in Hillegom – 1903) a Dutch [[Egyptologist]] and museum director
* [[Jacob Cornelis van Slee]] (1841 in Hillegom – 1929) a Dutch Reformed clergyman and scholar
* {{ill|Constantijn Muysken|nl}} (1843 in Hillegom - 1922), architect
* [[Piet van Zeil]] (1927 in Hillegom – 2012) a Dutch politician and trade union leader
* [[Hans 't Mannetje]] (1944 in Hillegom – 2016) a Dutch sculptor, mostly of [[gable stone]]s. 
* [[Wim Turkenburg]] (born 1947 in Hillegom) an academic on energy and environmental issues
* [[Thea de Roos-van Rooden]] (born 1949 in Hillegom), historian and former politician
* [[Annemarie Spilker]] (born 1980 in Hillegom) a Dutch photographer 
=== Sport ===
* {{ill|Dick van Egmond|nl}} (born 1961 in Hillegom) soccer referee
* [[Jesse Huta Galung]] (born 1985) a former Dutch professional tennis player, lives in Hillegom
* [[Marc Evers]] (born 1991 in Hillegom) a Dutch Paralympic swimmer

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Voormalig Postkantoor Hillegom.jpg|Former post office
File:Silo’s van de kalkzandsteenfabriek - Hillegom.jpg|Silos of the siliceous brick factory
File:Hillegommerbeek dichtgevroren foto 2.JPG|Frozen ''Hillegommerbeek'' (Hillegom's Creek)
File:Moskee Al Ansaar - Hillegom.jpg|Mosque Al Ansaar
File:Hillegom, ophaalbrug met de toren van de Maartenskerk RM22136 foto5 2017-04-09 16.06.jpg|Hillegom, drawing bridge with churchtower (de Maartenskerk)
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.hillegom.nl Official website]
*[http://www.vriendenvanoudhillegom.nl/ History of Hillegom] (in Dutch)

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Hillegom
|North     = [[Bloemendaal]]&nbsp;([[North Holland|NH]])
|East      = [[Haarlemmermeer]]&nbsp;([[North Holland|NH]])
|South     = [[Lisse]]
|West      = [[Noordwijk]]
}}

{{South Holland Province}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Hillegom| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities of South Holland]]
[[Category:Populated places in South Holland]]