Editing Highwood, Illinois

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Highwood, Illinois
| official_name                   = 
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| settlement_type                 = [[List of cities in Illinois|City]]
| image_skyline                   = Waukegan Avenue.jpg
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| image_caption                   = [[Downtown]] Highwood
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| image_map                       = File:Lake County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Highwood Highlighted.svg
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| map_caption                     = Location in Lake County, Illinois
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| subdivision_name2               = [[Lake County, Illinois|Lake]]
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| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                     = Charles Pecaro
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| unit_pref                       = Imperial
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| area_total_km2                  = 1.86
| area_total_sq_mi                = 0.72
| area_land_km2                   = 1.86
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 0.72
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| population_as_of                = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
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| population_total                = 5074
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| postal_code                     = 60040
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| area_code                       = [[Area code 847#United States|847]]
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| blank_info                      = 17-34865
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| blank_info_sec2                 = 
| blank1_name_sec2                = 
| blank1_info_sec2                = 
| blank2_name_sec2                = Wikimedia Commons
| blank2_info_sec2                = Highwood, Illinois
| website                         = {{URL|www.cityofhighwood.com}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}

'''Highwood''' is a [[North Shore (Chicago)|North Shore]] suburb of Chicago in [[Moraine Township, Lake County, Illinois]], United States. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 5,074.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Highwood city, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US1734865|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=March 13, 2022}}</ref> It is known for its entertainment, restaurants, bars, and festivals.

== Geography ==
Highwood is located in southeastern Lake County at {{Coord|42.205357|-87.812345|type:city_region:US|format=dms|display=inline}},<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> on a ridge {{convert|100|ft}} above the elevation of [[Lake Michigan]].

According to the 2010 census, Highwood has a total area of {{convert|0.71|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="census-g001">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1734865
  |title=G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1
  |access-date=2015-12-27
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213055205/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1734865
  |archive-date=2020-02-13
  |url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

The city is located next to [[Highland Park, Illinois|Highland Park]] and [[Fort Sheridan, Illinois|Fort Sheridan]], and south of the Fort Sheridan Forest Preserve.

== History ==
{{More citations needed section|date=May 2021}}
Originally, the land was owned by the [[Potawatomi]] until it was ceded to the United States through the [[1833 Treaty of Chicago]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Highwood, IL|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/582.html|access-date=November 29, 2013}}</ref> The first non-Native American settled in the town in 1846. In 1851 Highwood became the headquarter location of the [[Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad]], which ran parallel to the [[Chicago and North Western Railway]], and is known today as [[Metra]]'s [[Union Pacific North Line]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} [[Thomas Curley (Wisconsin general)|Thomas Curley]] suggested the name High Woods because the land was the highest ground between Chicago and Milwaukee and was covered with trees.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Webber|first=Brad|date=2003-02-12|title=William J. Curley, 62|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2003-02-12-0302120315-story.html|access-date=2021-05-03|website=[[Chicago Tribune]]}}</ref>

In 1886 civil and labor unrest in Chicago eventually led to the [[Haymarket affair|Haymarket Riot.]] Chicago businessmen felt that having a military presence near the city would help alleviate tensions within the city and on November 8, 1887, purchased Camp Highwood. This land would come to host members of the Sixth Infantry Regiment. On February 27, 1888, Camp Highwood was officially named [[Sheridan Reserve Center|Fort Sheridan]] in honor of General Philip Sheridan for his ability to maintain order after the [[Great Chicago Fire|Chicago Fire of 1871]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Smith|first=Nina B.|date=1987|title="This Bleak Situation" The Founding of Fort Sheridan, Illinois|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40192013|journal=Illinois Historical Journal|volume=80|issue=1|pages=13–22|jstor=40192013 |issn=0748-8149}}</ref>

Highwood provided several business and employment opportunities and following the fire, many of those who lost their home and a wave of immigrants settled into the town. Highwood can also give credit to much of their economic success to the Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railway. However, with increased transportation it also caused a sudden rise in gambling dens and illegal "blind-pig" taverns which catered to off duty soldiers. This eventually provoked federal authorities to enact the "Highwood Quadrangle" which prohibited the sale of liquor within 1 1/8th miles of the army base.<ref name="Highwood Historical Society" />

Fort Sheridan acted as an entertainment center for the town and on July 18, 1888, the trustees voted to change the name from Highwood to the Village of Fort Sheridan to capitalize on its military glamour. However, 8 years later in 1894 the name was changed back to Highwood due to resident frustration and confusion with postal misrouting.<ref name="Highwood Historical Society">{{Cite web |title=Highwood Historical Society |url=http://www.highwoodhistoricalsociety.com/history.html |access-date=2017-03-08 |website=www.highwoodhistoricalsociety.com}}</ref> The city's business district became filled with bars and taverns which led Theodore Roosevelt to call the city "one of the toughest towns in America".<ref name="auto" />

In the 1920s a large number of Northern Italian immigrants (originally from [[Modena]]) moved to Highwood, many from [[Dalzell, Illinois]], a coal mining town in [[Bureau County, Illinois|Bureau County]], to seek jobs. The [[Prohibition in the United States|national prohibition of alcohol]] at the time also attracted bootleggers who smuggled large quantities of liquor into the city. The fight to prevent Highwood from being known as a whisky den largely brought the community together.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

Following the start of [[World War II]] Fort Sheridan was used as an active training ground. By the end of the war Highwood had experienced another wave of immigration, this time a majority of immigrants coming from [[Europe]] and [[Mexico]]. Since then Highwood's business have continued to flourish and the city has become the destination for North Shore dining and nightlife. The city frequently hosts festivals for residents known as Celebrate Highwood which is hosted by the city chambers.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

== Government ==
Highwood operates an [[Council–manager government|council-manager government]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+City Council Members<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mayor & City Council|url=https://www.cityofhighwood.com/208/Mayor-City-Council|access-date=2021-05-04|website=City of Highwood}}</ref>
!Position
!Name
!Term 
|-
|Mayor
|Charlie Pecaro
|2021-2025
|-
|Alderman
|James Levi
|2021-2025
|-
|Alderman
|Eric Falberg 
|2021-2025
|-
|Alderman
|James W. Hospodarsky
|2021-2025
|-
|Alderman
|Andy Peterson
|2023-2027
|-
|Alderman
|Mike Fiore 
|2023-2027
|-
|Alderman
|M. Brad Slavin
|2023-2027
|}

== Transportation ==
[[File:Highwood Station - October 2015.jpg|left|thumb|Highwood Metra Station located within the downtown of the city]]
The main highway to Highwood is [[U.S. Route 41]], which connects Chicago to [[Milwaukee]]. Commuter rail is available at two different Metra stations locations within the city ([[Fort Sheridan station|Fort Sheridan]] and [[Highwood station|Highwood]]). Highwood is also located near the [[Highland Park station (Illinois)|Highland Park]] and [[Lake Forest station (Union Pacific)|Lake Forest]] stations which all located on the [[Union Pacific North Line]] which begins in Kenosha and ends in the downtown area of [[Chicago]] at [[Ogilvie Transportation Center]].

[[Pace (transit)|Pace]] provides bus service on Route 472 connecting Highwood to Highland Park, Fort Sheridan, and other destinations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rtachicago.org/uploads/files/general/RTA-System-Map.pdf|title=RTA System Map|access-date=January 29, 2024}}</ref>

The city is approximately {{convert|22|mi}} from [[O'Hare International Airport]] and {{convert|31|mi}} from [[Midway International Airport]].

==Schools==
Highwood residents are served by [[North Shore School District 112]] and [[Township High School District 113]]. The majority of Highwood's children attend Oak Terrace School for [[Kindergarten]] through fifth grade, Northwood Junior High School for sixth through eighth grade, and [[Highland Park High School (Highland Park, Illinois)|Highland Park High School]] for grades nine through twelve.

St. James School was a private [[Catholic school]] located in Highwood, but closed in 2015 due to a lack of funding and low enrollment.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/highland-park/news/ct-hpn-stjames-closing-tl-0528-20150526-story.html|title=St. James closing stirs memories of happier times|last=Berkowitz|first=Karen|work=chicagotribune.com|access-date=2017-03-10|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Recreation ==
[[File:Fort Sheridan Theatre.jpg|thumb|Once the movie theater for troops stationed at the army base, it is now the studio for Julie Rotblatt-Amrany and Omri Amrany, who are best known for the sculpture of Michael Jordan outside of the United Center]]
The Don Skrinar Recreation Center is a public recreation facility located near downtown Highwood. The city is also a host to the [[Midwest Young Artists Conservatory]] and The Performer's School. The Fine Art Studio of ROTBLATT-AMRANY which is owned by [[Julie Rotblatt-Amrany|Julie Rotblatt Amrany]] is located within the old village of Fort Sheridan.

[[File:Highwood_Homes.jpg|thumb|right|Arts and Crafts bungalows, such as these on North Avenue, are found throughout the city.]] [[File:Mixed_Use_Green_Bay.jpg|thumb|left|Brick commercial store fronts, such as these on Green Bay Road, often have offices or apartments above.]]

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
|1890= 451
|1900= 1575
|1910= 1219
|1920= 1446
|1930= 3590
|1940= 3707
|1950= 3813
|1960= 4499
|1970= 4973
|1980= 5455
|1990= 5331
|2000= 4143
|2010= 5405
|2020= 5074
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Highwood city, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Highwood city, Illinois |url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US1734865&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Highwood city, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US1734865&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Highwood city, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US1734865&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2010
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|2,347
|2,079
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,071
|56.65%
|38.46%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |40.82%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|79
|72
|style='background: #ffffe6; |110
|1.91%
|1.33%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.17%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|9
|3
|style='background: #ffffe6; |8
|0.22%
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.16%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|86
|114
|style='background: #ffffe6; |137
|2.08%
|2.11%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.70%
|-
|[[Native Hawaiian]] or [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|2
|1
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0
|0.05%
|0.02%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.00%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|9
|16
|style='background: #ffffe6; |23
|0.22%
|0.30%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.45%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|27
|46
|style='background: #ffffe6; |127
|0.65%
|0.85%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.50%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|1,584
|3,074
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,598
|38.23%
|56.87%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |51.20%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,143'''
|'''5,405'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''5,074'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

=== 2010 census ===
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], Highwood's resident population was 5,405. The median resident age was 32.8.<ref>{{cite web|title=United States Census Bureau – American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212055711/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-02-12}}</ref>

The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 69.64% [[White people|White]] (38.5% Non-Hispanic White), 1.54% [[Black people|Black]] or [[African American]], 2.24% [[Asian people|Asian]], 0.31% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]], 0.02% [[Pacific Islander]], 22.92% of some other race and 3.33% of two or more races. 56.87% were [[Hispanic]] or [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] (of any race).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusviewer.com/city/IL/Highwood|title=Highwood, IL Population - Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts - CensusViewer|work=censusviewer.com}}</ref>

=== 2000 census ===
At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]] there were 4,143 people in 1,555 households, including 933 families, in the city. The population density was {{convert|6,552.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,604 housing units at an average density of {{convert|2,536.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2000 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 43.14% White, 2.15% African American, 0.58% Native American, 2.12% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 17.19% from other races, and 4.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 38.23%.<ref name="GR22">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|title=U.S. Census website|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31}}</ref>

Of the 1,555 households 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.2% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 34.1% of households were one person and 13.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.31.

The age distribution was 23.3% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 33.8% from 25 to 44, 16.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.0 males.

The median household income was $42,993 and the median family income was $53,000. Males had a median income of $30,560 versus $27,560 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,138. These income statistics are significantly lower than in surrounding towns. About 4.3% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 9.9% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.

== Architecture ==
Highwood was settled in 1887 and was largely developed before the post-World War II building boom that led to much of the suburban development that characterizes Lake County. Therefore, the city has a large collection of pre-war residential and commercial structures that reflect the architecture popular during that period, including neo-classical, Italianate, and arts and crafts bungalow styles. Also common in the business district are brick commercial "store front" structures with commercial businesses on the ground floor and residential apartments above.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

== Notable people ==
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* [[Frank Bernardi]], National Football League defensive back (1955–1960)
* [[Scott Drury]], member of the [[Illinois House of Representatives]] (2013–2019)
* [[Lowell B. Komie]], lawyer and writer
* [[Francis Joseph Magner]], prelate of Catholic church; served as [[Bishop of Marquette]] (1941–1947)
* [[Settimio Fernando "Terry" Terracina ]], Light Heavy-Weight Boxing Champion of Italy 1936 to 1939. Owner of The Rainbow (1949 to 1968) and La Lira(1968 to 1974)  Born in Rome: January 11, 1917 Died February 10,1985, Buried at Shalom Memorial Park.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.cityofhighwood.com/ City of Highwood]
* [http://www.highwoodchamberofcommerce.com/ Highwood Chamber of Commerce] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150126184212/http://highwoodchamberofcommerce.com/ |date=January 26, 2015 }}
* [http://www.highwoodhistoricalsociety.com Highwood Historical Society]

{{Lake County, Illinois}}
{{Chicago metropolitan area}}
{{Geographic Location
|Center=Highwood
|North=[[Fort Sheridan, Illinois|Fort Sheridan]]
|West=[[Bannockburn, Illinois|Bannockburn]]
|South=[[Highland Park, Illinois|Highland Park]]
}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Highwood, Illinois| ]]
[[Category:Chicago metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Cities in Lake County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1887]]
[[Category:Cities in Illinois]]
[[Category:Illinois populated places on Lake Michigan]]
[[Category:Majority-minority cities and towns in Lake County, Illinois]]