Editing Highland, Kansas

{{Short description|City in Doniphan County, Kansas}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Highland, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            =
|image_caption            =
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Doniphan_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Highland_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Doniphan County, Kansas|Doniphan County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Doniphan Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Doniphan County, Kansas|Doniphan County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|39|51|37|N|95|15|55|W|region:US-KS_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Doniphan County, Kansas|Doniphan]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1854
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        = 1857
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1857
|named_for                = [[Highland, Illinois]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = <!-- [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]] -->
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.53
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.53
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_total_km2           = 1.36
|area_land_km2            = 1.36
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft             = 1037

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 903
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 66035
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 785|785]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-31850 
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 239437<ref name="GNIS">{{GNIS|239437}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|http://www.highlandks.com/|highlandks.com}}
}}

'''Highland''' is a city in [[Doniphan County, Kansas|Doniphan County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 903.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Highland, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2031850 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=June 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626222036/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2031850 |archive-date=June 26, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>  It is home to [[Highland Community College (Kansas)|Highland Community College]].

==History==

=== Short summary ===
The Highland Township was started with the founding of the [[Iowa and Sac & Fox Mission State Historic Site]] by Reverend Samuel Irvin and Reverend William Hamilton in 1837.<ref>{{cite web |title=History Of Highland |url=http://highlandks.com/residents/city_history.html |website=City Of Highland |access-date=22 October 2022}}</ref> The mission was sponsored and funded by the Presbyterians. The Founders plan behind the town was to make it an educational town and in 1857 when the town was laid out a spot was chosen for the future university.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last1=Leopoldo |first1=Patrick |title=Gray's Doniphan County history: A record of the happenings of half a hundred years |date=1905 |publisher=The Roycroft Press |pages=38–39 |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028875413/page/n53/mode/2up |access-date=22 October 2022}}</ref> Samuel Irvin established the first [[Highland Community College (Kansas)|Highland Community College]] Building [[Irvin Hall]] with the building being built in 1858.<ref>{{cite web |title=Irvin Hall |url=https://loc.gov/pictures/item/ks0002/ |website=Library Of Congress |access-date=22 October 2022}}</ref> The college was chartered and founded in 1858 and has gone through eight name changes over the course of its history.<ref>{{cite web |title=About HCC |url=https://highlandcc.edu/pages/about-hcc#:~:text=Highland%20Community%20College%20began%20as%20Highland%20University%20in,of%20Northeast%20Kansas%20for%20more%20than%20160%20years |access-date=22 October 2022}}</ref>

In 2011 Highland became the self proclaimed Snowflake City of Kansas<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to the City of Highland, KS |url=http://www.highlandks.com/snowflake_city.html |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=www.highlandks.com}}</ref>

=== Early history ===
Reverend Samuel Irvin and Reverend William Hamilton found the Ioway Presbtaryian Church in 1843 with Rev. Hamilton acting as Minister. The church was moved from the [[Iowa and Sac & Fox Mission State Historic Site|Mission]] to Highland in 1860.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Parish |first=Arlyn John |title=History of Highland Community College |year=1983 |edition=1st |pages=6}}</ref> John Powers Johnson builds a log home 2 miles west of the mission in 1854 due to land unavailability along the Missouri River. The Cabin was the first Building in Highland sitting on the site of the current Senior Citizen Center. Johnson left Kansas for two years as he didn't have to live in the home he only had to make improvements to the land in order to purchase it under the [[Preemption Act of 1841]] he however could not purchase the land until after the Iowa tribe members had been removed and the land had been surveyed. John Bayless preempted the land just west of Johnson and founded the Susquehanna western Immigration Company to promote anti-slavery people moving to Kansas. Samuel Irvin looked over the claims till the land could properly be purchased in 1857.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Parish |first=Arlyn John |title=History of Highland Community College |year=1983 |edition=1st |pages=8–9}}</ref>

=== The Highland Town Company ===
On May 16, 1857, the Highland Town Company was formed buying town lots to resell to what they had hoped to be a bustling town. Bayless was the Company's president with Johnson acting as Secretary and Irvin as the treasurer. The town company had built some amenities such as a large hotel despite slow growth. The town struggled to gain population but despite its small size the town had a newspaper called The Highlander and the first bank arrived by 1862 being opened by Johnson. These three founding fathers hoped that Highland would become not only an educational center but also a religious center for Kansas and surrounding territories.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Parish |first=Arlyn John |title=History of Highland Community College |year=1983 |edition=1st |pages=9–10}}</ref> In November 1857 the Highland Presbytery was organized as part of the Missouri [[Synod]] and eventually came to encompass all 21 old school presbyteries in the Kansas and Nebraska territories.

=== Highland University ===
At the first meeting of the presbytery, it was decided by the members that a Presbyterian academy would be established in highland. On December 26, 1857, the board had decided that the academy which could be compared to a private high school was not sufficient and voted to established [[Highland Community College (Kansas)|Highland University]] instead with James Cambell as president and Samuel Irvin as Secretary. The board of trustees prepared a charter that was taken to Lecompton the [[Territorial capital]] of Kansas and was passed and signed by Governor Denver on February 9, 1858.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Driggs |first=S.W. |url=http://archive.org/details/privatelawsterr00kansgoog |title=Private laws of the territory of Kansas |publisher= |others=unknown library |year=1858 |pages=77–79 |language=English}}</ref> Highland Town Company then reserved 4 blocks on the west side of town for the University.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Parish |first=Arlyn John |title=History of Highland Community College |year=1983 |edition=1st |pages=10–11}}</ref> Elementary classes were held at the college until a Grade school was opened in the mid 1870s.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Parish |first=A.J. |title=History of Highland Community College |year=1983 |edition=1st |pages=35}}</ref>

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.53|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-07-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-01-25 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=right
|1860= 120
|1870= 282
|1880= 441
|1890= 493
|1900= 780
|1910= 763
|1920= 809
|1930= 788
|1940= 764
|1950= 717
|1960= 755
|1970= 899
|1980= 954
|1990= 942
|2000= 976
|2010= 1012
|2020= 903
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
Highland is part of the [[St. Joseph, Missouri|St. Joseph]], [[Missouri]]&ndash;Kansas [[St. Joseph, Missouri Metropolitan Area|Metropolitan Statistical Area]].

===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 903 people, 251 households, and 160 families in Highland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:2020/> The population density was 1,720.0 per square mile (664.1/km{{sup|2}}). There were 341 housing units at an average density of 649.5 per square mile (250.8/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:2020>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 75.64% (683) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (73.31% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 15.61% (141) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 1.55% (14) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.89% (8) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% (0) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 2.1% (19) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 4.21% (38) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 4.65% (42) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 251 households, 29.5% had children under the age of 18; 49.0% were married couples living together; 22.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 33.1% of households consisted of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:2020/> The average household size was 2.6 and the average family size was 3.2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 13.7% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

14.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 36.3% from 18 to 24, 16.2% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.4 males.<ref name=:2020/> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 79.0 males.<ref name=:2020/>

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $65,208 (with a margin of error of +/- $16,964) and the median family income was $74,063 (+/- $9,690).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $9,618 (+/- $2,646) versus $7,389 (+/- $2,433) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $8,413 (+/- $1,908).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 11.8% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 26.1% of those under the age of 18 and 14.0% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Highland%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
At the 2010 [[census]],<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref> there were 1,012 people, 296 households and 155 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1909.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 372 housing units at an average density of {{convert|701.9|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 84.7% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 10.0% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.1% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.8% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 3.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 296 households, of which 23.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.6% were non-families. 39.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.94.

The median age in the city was 21.8 years. 12.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 41.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.6% were from 25 to 44; 17.2% were from 45 to 64; and 13.8% were 65 years of age or older. The sex makeup of the city was 53.3% male and 46.7% female.

===2000 census===
At the 2000 [[census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> there were 976 people, 316 households and 169 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,842.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 344 housing units at an average density of {{convert|649.5|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 90.27% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 5.74% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.02% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.20% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.92% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.84% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.33% of the population.

There were 316 households, of which 20.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.5% were non-families. 41.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.76.

12.3% of the population were under the age of 18, 36.5% from 18 to 24, 14.2% from 25 to 44, 15.2% from 45 to 64, and 21.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.5 males.

The [[median household income]] was $25,250 and the median family income was $37,969. Males had a median income of $30,298 compared with $22,250 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $12,341. About 9.0% of families and 17.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 10.6% of those under age 18 and 13.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==

===Primary and secondary education===
The community is served by [[Doniphan West USD 111]] public school district, and home to Doniphan West Jr/Sr High School since 2009. The Doniphan West Jr/Sr High School mascot is Doniphan West Mustangs.<ref>{{cite web | title = Doniphan West USD 111 | publisher = USD 111 | url = http://www.usd111.org/ | accessdate = 1 January 2017}}</ref>

Highland High School was closed through school unification. The Highland Blue Streaks<ref>"Highland 35 Reserve 6", The Atchison Daily Globe, 8 October 1961, p.4.</ref> won the [[Kansas State High School Activities Association|Kansas State High School]] boys class 1A Track & Field championship in 1969 and 1990.<ref>{{cite web | title = Track & Field | publisher = KSHSAA | url = http://www.kshsaa.org/Public/Track/HistoryBoys.cfm | accessdate = 6 January 2017 | archive-date = 13 November 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161113174817/http://www.kshsaa.org/Public/Track/HistoryBoys.cfm | url-status = dead }}</ref>

===Colleges and universities===
[[Highland Community College (Kansas)|Highland Community College]] is a Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference (KJCCC) member school.

==Notable people==
<!--- Please list only people who have spent a significant amount of time in Highland. If the individual's tie is ''only'' as a college student, they should be listed in the college article. --->
{{See also|Highland Community College (Kansas)#Notable_alumni|l1=List of Highland Community College people}}
* [[John Misse]], baseball player

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Doniphan County, Kansas]]
* [[The Highlands, Kansas]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{See also|Doniphan County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Doniphan County, Kansas}}

==External links==
* [http://www.highlandks.com/ City of Highland]
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260763 Highland - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/highland.PDF Highland city map], KDOT

{{Doniphan County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Doniphan County, Kansas]]
[[Category:St. Joseph, Missouri metropolitan area]]
[[Category:1857 establishments in Kansas Territory]]