Editing Henning, Tennessee

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Henning, Tennessee
|settlement_type          = [[Town]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Henning TN welcome sign US51 02.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = 
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = File:Lauderdale County Tennessee Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Henning Highlighted 4733360.svg
|mapsize                  = 260px
|map_caption              = Location of Henning in Lauderdale County, Tennessee.

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Tennessee]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Tennessee|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Lauderdale County, Tennessee|Lauderdale]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref  = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='47'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 6.40
|area_land_km2            = 6.39
|area_water_km2           = 0.01
|area_total_sq_mi         = 2.47
|area_land_sq_mi          = 2.47
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/>
|population_total         = 871
|population_density_km2   = 136.31
|population_density_sq_mi = 353.06

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_m              = 89
|elevation_ft             = 292
|coordinates              = {{coord|35|40|25|N|89|34|39|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 38041
|area_code                = [[Area code 731|731]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 47-33360<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 1287426<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|1287426}}</ref>
|website                  = 
|footnotes                = 
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}}
'''Henning''' is a town in [[Lauderdale County, Tennessee]], United States. The population was 871 at the 2020 census.

==History==
Founded in the late 1800s, the town is named after prominent businessman and railway official William H. Henning. The infamous [[Battle of Fort Pillow]], a [[United States Civil War|Civil War]] victory for the [[Confederate States Army|Confederates]], took place near Henning. Here, nearly 300 black troops serving in the [[Union Army]] were massacred after surrendering by Confederates under the command of General [[Nathan Bedford Forrest]]. The Confederate refusal to treat these troops as traditional prisoners of war infuriated the North, and led to the Union’s refusal to participate in prisoner exchanges. Union survivors’ accounts, later supported by a federal investigation, concluded that African-American troops were massacred by Forrest’s men after surrendering.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/lauderdale-county/|title=Lauderdale County}}</ref>

In 1900, a local black man, Anderson Gause, was lynched by a mob.<ref name="1900 Chronological 1900">{{cite news |title=Lynchings |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85034375/1901-01-05/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1901&index=12&rows=20&words=1900+CHRONOLOGY&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1901&proxtext=chronological+1900&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 |access-date=January 11, 2019 |newspaper=The Grenada Sentinel |date=January 5, 1901 |ref=Chronological 1900}}</ref>

==Geography==
Henning is located at {{coord|35|40|25|N|89|34|39|W|type:city}} (35.673563, -89.577366).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|1.3|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

Henning is situated on the southeastern edge of the [[New Madrid Seismic Zone]], an area with a high [[earthquake]] risk.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 148
|1890= 420
|1910= 582
|1920= 495
|1930= 639
|1940= 415
|1950= 493
|1960= 466
|1970= 605
|1980= 638
|1990= 802
|2000= 970
|2010= 945
|2020= 871
|footnote=Sources:<ref name="GR9">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=March 4, 2012|title=Census of Population and Housing: Decennial Censuses }}</ref><ref name=CensusPopEst>{{cite web|title=Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|work=Population Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=December 11, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611010502/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|archive-date=June 11, 2013}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:47&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Henning racial composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4733360&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 8, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!Race
!Num.
!Perc.
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (non-Hispanic)
|153
|17.57%
|-
|[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic)
|621
|71.3%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
|39
|4.48%
|-
|[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]]
|37
|4.25%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
|21
|2.41%
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 871 people, 491 households, and 315 families residing in the town.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 970 people, 362 households, and 238 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|752.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 406 housing units at an average density of {{convert|314.9|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 22.37% [[White Americans|White]], 74.85% [[African American]], 1.34% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 1.44% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.41% of the population.

[[Image:Henning Alex Haley Home and Memorial.jpg|thumb|[[Alex Haley]]'s boyhood home and his grave beside the home (2007)]]
There were 362 households, out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.4% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 26.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.37.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 32.8% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 19.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $20,438, and the median income for a family was $19,776. Males had a median income of $26,500 versus $19,583 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $8,413, which is the lowest in the state. About 30.9% of families and 30.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 31.9% of those under age 18 and 30.2% of those age 65 or over.

==Government and infrastructure==
The [[United States Postal Service]] operates the Henning Post Office.<ref>"[http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/henning-415-n-main-st-henning-tn-1366740 Post Office Location - HENNING] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006083854/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/henning-415-n-main-st-henning-tn-1366740 |date=2010-10-06 }}." [[United States Postal Service]]. Retrieved on September 26, 2010.</ref>

The [[Tennessee Department of Corrections]] operates the [[West Tennessee State Penitentiary]] in [[unincorporated area|unincorporated]] [[Lauderdale County, Tennessee|Lauderdale County]], near Henning.<ref name="WTSPProfile">"[http://www.state.tn.us/correction/institutions/wtsp.html West Tennessee State Penitentiary]." [[Tennessee Department of Correction]]. Retrieved on September 26, 2010.</ref> Previously the [[Cold Creek Correctional Facility]] was located in the area.<ref name="Profile1999">"[https://web.archive.org/web/19990203051545/http://www.state.tn.us/correction/cccf.html Cold Creek Correctional Facility]." [[Tennessee Department of Correction]]. February 3, 1999. Updated July 13, 1998. Retrieved on September 26, 2010.</ref>

Henning is home to a community of [[Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians]]. The tribe placed 79 acres of local land into federal trust in 2012, making it the only [[Tribe (Native American)|Native American Indian tribe]] that owns land in [[Tennessee]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.doi.gov/cobell/commission/upload/Mississippi-Band-of-Choctaw-Indians-Presentation_Chief-Anderson-4-29-13.pdf|title=Vision of Trust Management Model, Responsibility and Reform, Chief Phyliss J. Anderson, Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, 29 April 2013, to the Secretarial Commission on Indian Trust Administration and Reform|access-date=December 23, 2020}}</ref>

==Education==
Henning Public Schools are part of Lauderdale County School District. The school district has one primary school, two elementary schools, one middle school, one junior high school and two high schools.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.usa.com/school-district-4702310.htm|title=Lauderdale County School District |publisher= GreatSchools Inc.|access-date=June 22, 2012}}</ref>

Shawn Kimble is the superintendent of schools.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://lauderdale.tn.schoolwebpages.com/education/components/scrapbook/default.php?sectiondetailid=445|title=Tipton County Schools|publisher= Tipton County Schools|access-date=June 22, 2012}}</ref>

==Notable people==
[[Image:Henning Alex Haley Historic Marker.jpg|thumb|Historical marker in front of [[Alex Haley]]'s boyhood home (2007)]]
* [[John Henry Barbee]], blues guitarist known for his connection to [[Chicago]]'s blues scene
* [[Ramon Foster]], offensive lineman for [[Pittsburgh Steelers]]
* [[Erle P. Halliburton]], the founder of [[Halliburton Company]] (the world's second largest oil field service company), was born in Henning.
* [[Alex Haley]], author, best known for ''Roots'', winner of Pulitzer Prize in 1976 and acclaimed television miniseries; Henning was his boyhood home
* [[Jim Hickman (1960s outfielder)|Jim Hickman]], Major League Baseball outfielder, 1962–74
* [[Noah Lewis (musician)|Noah Lewis]], [[jug band]] performer

==References==
{{Portal|United States|Tennessee}}
{{Commons category}}

{{reflist|30em}}

{{Lauderdale County, Tennessee}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Lauderdale County, Tennessee]]
[[Category:Towns in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1873]]
[[Category:1873 establishments in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Majority-minority cities and towns in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians]]