Editing Heemskerk

{{Short description|Municipality in the Netherlands}}{{More citations needed|date=July 2024}}{{other uses|Heemskerk (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Heemskerk
| settlement_type    = [[List of municipalities of the Netherlands|Municipality]]
| image_skyline      = 21210 Kasteel Assumburg 2.jpg
| image_caption      = Assumburg castle in Heemskerk
| image_flag         = Heemskerk vlag.svg
| flag_size          = 100x67px
| image_shield       = Coat of arms of Heemskerk.svg
| shield_size        = 80x80px
| image_map          = Map - NL - Municipality code 0396 (2009).svg
| map_alt            = Highlighted position of Heemskerk in a municipal map of North Holland
| map_caption        = Location in North Holland
| coordinates        = {{coord|52|31|N|4|40|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[North Holland]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of regions of the Netherlands|Region]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Amsterdam metropolitan area]]
| government_footnotes = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web
 |url = https://www.heemskerk.nl/bestuur_en_organisatie/burgemeester/
 |title = De burgemeester van Heemskerk
 |trans-title = The mayor of Heemskerk
 |language = nl
 |publisher = Gemeente Heemskerk
 |access-date = 5 March 2014
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160420080803/https://www.heemskerk.nl/bestuur_en_organisatie/burgemeester/
 |archive-date = 20 April 2016
 |url-status = dead
 }}</ref>
| governing_body     = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party       = [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|VVD]]
| leader_title       = [[Burgemeester|Mayor]]
| leader_name        = A.H.J.J. Luijten
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes     = <ref>{{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = {{Dutch municipality total area|Heemskerk}}
| area_land_km2      = {{Dutch municipality land area|Heemskerk}}
| area_water_km2     = {{Dutch municipality water area|Heemskerk}}
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web
 |url=http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool 
 |title=Postcodetool for 1964EZ 
 |language=nl 
 |work=Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland 
 |publisher=Het Waterschapshuis 
 |access-date=5 March 2014 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053543/http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool 
 |archive-date=21 September 2013 
}}</ref>
| elevation_m        = 2
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m    = <!-- Population, demographics -->
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}</ref>
| population_total   = {{Dutch municipality population|Heemskerk}}
| population_as_of   = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}
| population_density_km2 = {{Dutch municipality population density|Heemskerk}} <!-- For automatic calculation: auto-->
| population_demonym = Heemskerker
<!-- Other information -->| timezone           = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset         = +1
| timezone_DST       = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST     = +2
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code        = 1960–1969
| area_code_type     = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code          = 0251
| website            = {{URL|1=http://www.heemskerk.nl}}
}}
'''Heemskerk''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈɦeːmskɛr(ə)k|-|399 Heemskerk.ogg}} {{IPA|nl|ɦeːmsˈkɛr(ə)k|label=or}})<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch/W_uwuiXZuHg|title=Portret van Heemskerk|language=nl|date=2020-05-04|access-date=2024-10-26|via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> is a municipality and a town in the [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[North Holland]]. It is located in the [[Kennemerland]] region.

==History==
The town was formed during the [[Middle Ages]]. In an official deed from the year of 1063, the town was known as ''Hemezen Kyrica'', Latinized Frisian meaning Church of Hemezen, a [[Frisians|Frisian]] nun who lived in a religious house there.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Heemskerk - Netherlands |url=https://ermakvagus.com/Europe/Holland/Heemskerk/Heemskerk.htm |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=ermakvagus.com}}</ref> Heemskerk knows many historical monuments, among them the ''Huldtoneel'' (lit. the "Inaugurate Stage"), an artificial hill located near the current Rijksstraatweg, where once the [[Count of Holland|Counts of Holland]] were inaugurated. According to tradition, the Huldtoneel was used before the [[Roman Era]] as a [[Germanic peoples|Germanic]] sanctuary. In the nineteenth century Jonkheer Gevers finally made the Huldtoneel a monument – as it is known today – and ordered passers-by to honour the monument.

Many battles have been fought in Heemskerk. Two castles—[[Oud Haerlem Castle]] and [[Marquette Castle|Heemskerk Castle]]—were built in the twelfth and thirteenth century respectively to protect the [[County of Holland]] against the [[West Friesland (historical region)|West Frisians]]. In the fifteenth century the residents of Heemskerk fought each other during the [[Hook and Cod wars]], in which both castles were destroyed. The Oud Haerlem castle was never rebuilt, Castle Heemskerk however was. In 1492, a rebellion by the people of Kennemerland was brutally beaten down by the Austrian conquerors, on the place where today the cemetery of the Hervormde Kerk (Reformed Church) is located.
[[File:Gem-Heemskerk-OpenTopo.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Dutch Topographic map of Heemskerk, June 2015]]
[[File:Heemskerk1630.jpg|thumb|left|230px|Castle Heemskerk circa 1630.]]
In 1610, the Castle Heemskerk was renamed to Castle Marquette and was at first the residence for many nobles and later inhabited by [[Patrician (post-Roman Europe)|patricians]]. The last noble family that lived there were the House of Gevers. Today Castle Marquette is owned by the Spanish hotelgroup [[NH Hoteles]] and is the site of many weddings, conferences, and company courses, while the estate grounds are favoured for wedding photos.

Located on the eastside of Heemskerk is [[Castle Assumburg]], built from the remains of Kasteel Oud Haerlem in 1546. The Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk (Dutch Reformed Church) at the Nielenplein and Kerkplein is built in 1628, but it has a tower from the Middle Ages. In the graveyard around the church is a copy of a monument dedicated to the father of painter [[Maarten van Heemskerck]]. The original is located inside the church.

===Agricultural village===
[[File:Heemskerk de oude dorpskern.JPG|thumb|230px|left|The old village around 1915-30.<ref>J. Van Venetien (1968). ''Hart van Kennemerland: Album van het leven en werken in Midden-Kennemerland door de eeuwen heen''. p.212.</ref>]]
After the time of [[knights]] and nobles, Heemskerk remained a small, quiet village near the dunes. Its residents, who mainly worked in agriculture and keeping cattle, had good, but also some very bad times. From the time that products—mainly strawberries for the neighbouring town [[Beverwijk]], where the fruits were sold—were brought to the market with donkeys, people from Heemskerk got the name of Donkey as a nickname and symbol.

The former town hall was built in 1911 after a design by [[Jan Stuyt]] and was raised with an additional floor in 1949. Today this is the building where Janssen's notary office is located. The Roman Catholic Laurentiuskerk, designed by architect [[J. H. Tonnaer]], was completed in 1891 and is a rare example of a Catholic church in Holland in a [[Renaissance Revival architecture|neo-renaissance]] style. There is nothing left of other historical monuments, like Castle Oud Haerlem.

==Transportation==
*'''Railway Station:''' [[Heemskerk railway station|Heemskerk]]

==Notable residents==
* [[André Aptroot]] (born 1961), mycologist and lichenologist
* [[Sofie van den Enk]] (born 1980), TV presente
* [[Bette Franke]] (born 1989), model
* [[Maarten van Heemskerck]] (1498–1574), portrait and religious painter
* [[Rolf de Heer]] (born 1951), Dutch-Australian film director
* [[:de:Nicolaas Henneman|Nicholaas Hennemann]] (1813–1898), photographer
* [[Rolf de Heer]] (born 1951), Dutch Australian film director
* [[Nico Roozen]] (born 1953), economist
=== Sportspeople ===
* [[Martin van der Horst]] (born 1965), volleyball player
* [[Ernesto Hoost]] (born 1965), kickboxer
* [[Sepp Koster]] (born 1974), racing driver
* [[Nick Kuipers (footballer, born 1988)|Nick Kuipers]] (born 1988), footballer
* [[Dennis Lens]] (born 1977), badminton player
* [[Arthur Numan]] (born 1969), footballer
* [[Rafael van der Vaart]] (born 1983), footballer and darts player 
* [[Juan Viedma (footballer)|Juan Viedma]] (born 1974), footballer

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Kasteel Assumburg.JPG|Kasteel Assumburg
File:Heemskerk, notariskantoor aan de Burg. Nielenplein 2 foto8 2011-06-12 16.10.JPG|Heemskerk, former town hall at the Burg. Nielenplein
File:Maerten van Heemskerck Statue02.jpg|Maerten van Heemskerck Statue
File:Marquette-voor.jpg|Kasteel Marquette
File:GM-Oosterweg-6-Heemskerk.JPG|GM-Oosterweg-6-Heemskerk
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{commons category-inline}}
*[http://www.heemskerk.nl Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110212011859/http://www.heemskerk.nl/ |date=2011-02-12 }}

{{Geographic location
 | Centre    = Heemskerk
 | North     = [[Castricum]]
 | Northeast = [[Uitgeest]]
 | Southeast = [[Zaanstad]]
 | South     = [[Beverwijk]]
 | West      = ''[[North Sea]]''
}}
{{North Holland Province}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Heemskerk| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities of North Holland]]
[[Category:Populated places in North Holland]]

{{northHolland-geo-stub}}