Editing Hebron, Maine

{{Short description| Town in the state of Maine, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Hebron, Maine
|settlement_type          = [[New England town|Town]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

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|image_skyline            = Sturtevant Hall, Hebron Academy, ME.jpg
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|image_caption            = Sturtevant Hall, Hebron Academy
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|image_seal               =

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|pushpin_map              = Maine#USA
|pushpin_label            = Hebron
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<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Maine]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Maine|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Oxford County, Maine|Oxford]]
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
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|established_title        = Incorporated
|established_date         = 1792

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 58.38
|area_land_km2            = 58.04
|area_water_km2           = 0.34
|area_total_sq_mi         = 22.54
|area_land_sq_mi          = 22.41
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.13

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
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|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 1223
|population_density_km2   = 21.1
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|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      = 
|elevation_m              = 162
|elevation_ft             = 531
|coordinates              = {{coord|44|13|4|N|70|22|44|W|region:US-ME|display=inline}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 04238
|area_code                = [[Area code 207|207]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 23-32370
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0582516
|website                  = {{URL|hebronmaine.org}}
|footnotes                = 
}}
'''Hebron''' is a town in [[Oxford County, Maine|Oxford County]], [[Maine]], United States. Hebron is included in the [[Lewiston-Auburn]], Maine metropolitan [[New England city and town area]]. The town's history has always been interconnected with [[Hebron Academy]], a co-ed [[university preparatory school|college preparatory boarding school]] which is located in the town's heart. The population was 1,223 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US2301732370|title=Census - Geography Profile: Hebron town, Oxford County, Maine|access-date=January 20, 2022}}</ref> There is an elementary school, Hebron Station School, located on Station Road.

==History==
It was granted on March 8, 1777, by the [[Massachusetts General Court]] to Alexander Shepard, Jr. of [[Newton, Massachusetts]] as payment for a survey chart of the Maine coast that he had assisted making. It was named [[Shepardsfield Plantation]], although early inhabitants called it Bog Brook Plantation. There was a farm settled in 1764 on what is now Sodom Road in Hebron before the Revolution and the grant to Alexander Shepard Jr.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Whitman |first1=Mildred I. |title=Along the roads to Sodom |date=1991 |publisher=Mildred I. Whitman |location=Buckfield, Maine |page=[[File:Moses Snell Homestead.jpg|thumb|Moses Snell Homestead]]
 |edition=2nd printing |url=https://bethelhistorical.org/catalog/item/L0673 |access-date=December 2, 2018}}</ref> The first settlers of Shepardsfield Plantation were Captain Daniel Buckman and his family in 1778. Others followed, many fresh from the battlefields of the [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]]. On February 27, 1829, Hebron's southwestern half was set off and incorporated as the town of [[Oxford, Maine|Oxford]].<ref name=Coolidge>{{Cite book  | last = Coolidge  | first = Austin J.|author2=John B. Mansfield  | title = A History and Description of New England| publisher = A.J. Coolidge  | year = 1859| location = Boston, Massachusetts| pages = [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ/page/n189 155]–156| url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ| quote = coolidge mansfield history description new england 1859.  }}</ref>

[[Agriculture]] was the principal occupation, with [[hay]] the chief crop. In addition, the town had fine [[orchard]]s. The outlet of Marshall Pond, the largest body of water, provided [[water power|power]] for [[watermill|mills]]. There was a [[sawmill]], [[roof shingle|shingle]] mill, [[Bucket|pail]] factory, [[blacksmith]] shop and [[shoemaking|shoe]] shop. In 1804, Deacon William Barrows, Jr. was instrumental in founding [[Hebron Academy]]. The town would be crossed by the [[Rumford Falls and Buckfield Railroad]].<ref>{{Citation
  | last = Varney
  | first = George J.
  | title = Gazetteer of the state of Maine. Hebron
  | place = Boston
  | publisher = Russell
  | year = 1886
  | url = http://history.rays-place.com/me/hebron-me.htm
  | archive-url = https://archive.today/20130201011157/http://history.rays-place.com/me/hebron-me.htm
  | url-status = dead
  | archive-date = February 1, 2013
  }}</ref> The Western Maine Sanatorium opened at Hebron in 1904, the first of its kind in the state. It treated [[tuberculosis]] patients with rest, fresh air and a healthy diet. Taken over by the state in 1915, it closed in 1959.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|22.54|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|22.41|sqmi|sqkm|2}}  is land and {{convert|0.13|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name ="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer2010.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 16, 2012}}</ref> Hebron is drained by Cobb Brook, Cushman Brook, Bicknell Brook and Allen Brook.

The town is crossed by [[Maine State Route 119]]. It borders the towns of [[Buckfield, Maine|Buckfield]] to the north, [[Oxford, Maine|Oxford]] to the south, [[Paris, Maine|Paris]] to the west, and [[Turner, Maine|Turner]] and [[Minot, Maine|Minot]] to the east.

Hebron is known for the Rubellite Tourmaline, found on Mt. Rubellite in Hebron Center.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1800= 981
|1810= 1211
|1820= 1727
|1830= 915
|1840= 945
|1850= 839
|1860= 895
|1870= 744
|1880= 601
|1890= 600
|1900= 494
|1910= 603
|1920= 652
|1930= 791
|1940= 678
|1950= 829
|1960= 465
|1970= 532
|1980= 665
|1990= 878
|2000= 1053
|2010= 1416
|2020= 1223
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=June 4, 2015 }}</ref>
}}
[[Image:Sturtevant Home, Hebron Academy, ME.jpg|thumb|left|Sturtevant Home in 1907]]

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 16, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,416 people, 449 households, and 343 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was {{convert|63.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 483 housing units at an average density of {{convert|21.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 93.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.1% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 3.5% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], and 1.3% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.6% of the population.

There were 449 households, of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 23.6% were non-families. 15.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the town was 33.4 years. 29.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.2% were from 25 to 44; 28.4% were from 45 to 64; and 7.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 52.6% male and 47.4% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,053 people, 389 households, and 296 families living in the town.  The population density was {{convert|47.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 410 housing units at an average density of {{convert|18.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the town was 97.82% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.09% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.19% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.57% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.19% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.14% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.76% of the population.

There were 389 households, out of which 41.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.7% were non-families. 18.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.07.

[[Image:Mountain View Cottage, Hebron, ME.jpg|thumb|right|Mountain View Cottage, c. 1905]]
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 6.9% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.3 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $45,417, and the median income for a family was $47,292. Males had a median income of $30,529 versus $22,900 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $19,086.  About 3.0% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 2.9% of those age 65 or over.

== Notable people ==
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· The article must mention how they are associated with Hebron, whether born, raised, or residing.
· The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited.
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* [[Horace A. Barrows]], 19th century physician
* [[Albion K. Parris]], US senator, fifth [[List of Governors of Maine|governor of Maine]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080507035357/http://maine.gov/local/oxford/hebron/ Maine.gov – Hebron, Maine]
* [https://hebronmaine.org/ Town of Hebron official website]
* [http://www.hebronacademy.org/ Hebron Academy]
* [http://www.mainegenealogy.net/individual_place_record.asp?place=hebron Maine Genealogy: Hebron, Oxford County, Maine]
{{Commons category|Hebron, Maine}}

{{Oxford County, Maine}}
{{Androscoggin River}}

{{Coord|44|11|53|N|70|24|23|W|type:city_region:US-ME|display=title}}

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[[Category:Hebron, Maine| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Oxford County, Maine]]
[[Category:Towns in Maine]]