Editing Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck

{{short description|US Army heavy tactical truck, in service since 1982}}
{{About|the US Army truck|the cluster mortar round|120 mm M984 extended-range DPICM mortar round}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name               = Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT)
| image              = HEMTT M1120A4 in B-kit configuration.jpg
| image_size         = 298
| caption            = HEMTT M1120A4 in B-kit configuration
| origin             = [[United States]]
| type               = 10-ton, 8×8, heavy tactical truck
| is_vehicle         = yes
| service            = 1982–present<ref name="army">{{cite web |url=http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/wheeled/hemtt.html |title=HEMTT Fact File for the United States Army |access-date=2010-05-21 |work=Army.mil |publisher=U.S. Army |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611190706/http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/wheeled/hemtt.html |archive-date=11 June 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| used_by            = [[U.S. Army]] and others (see [[#Operators|Operators]])<ref name="army"/>
| wars               = <!-- Production history -->
| designer           = [[Oshkosh Corporation]]
| design_date        = 1981
| manufacturer       = [[Oshkosh Corporation]]
| unit_cost          = 
| production_date    = 1982–present
| number             = 35,800 (new build)<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2021-2022)"/><ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2019-2020 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT) May 2019">{{cite web |url=https://janes.ihs.com/Janes/Display/jmvl0792-jlsu|title=Oshkosh M977 heavy expanded mobility tactical truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 heavy expanded mobility ammunition trailer (HEMAT) |publisher=IHS Jane's Shaun C Connors |date=2019-03-18|access-date=2019-05-17}}</ref>
| variants           = M977A0/A2/A4 cargo truck<br>M977A0/A2/A4 Electrical Power Plant cargo truck (EPP)<br>M978A0/A3/A4 tanker<br>M983A0/A2/A4 tractor
<br>M983A2/A4 Light Equipment Transport tractor (LET)<br>M984A0/A1/A2/A4 wrecker<br>M985A0/A2/A4 cargo truck<br>M985A0/A2/A4 Guided Missile Transporter cargo truck (GMT)<br>M1120A2/A4 Load Handling System (LHS)<br>M1142 Tactical Fire Fighting Truck (TFFT)<br>M1158 water tender<br>M1977A0/A2/A4 Common Bridge Transport (CBT)<br>[[THAAD]] Missile [[Transporter erector launcher]]<br>HEMTT A3 (ProPulse).<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)">{{cite web |url=https://janes.ihs.com/CustomPages/Janes/DisplayPage.aspx?DocType=Reference&ItemId=+++1495090&Pubabbrev=JLSU |title=Oshkosh M977 heavy expanded mobility tactical truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 heavy expanded mobility ammunition trailer (HEMAT) |publisher=IHS Jane's Shaun C Connors & [[Christopher F. Foss]] |date=2015-06-14 |access-date=2015-06-14}}</ref>
| spec_label         = M977A4<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="HEMTT A4"/>
| weight             = {{cvt|42500|lb|kg}} unladen<br>{{cvt|69000|lb|kg}} laden (a-kit)<br>{{cvt|75500|lb|kg}} laden (b-kit)<br>{{cvt|109000|lb|kg}} (GCWR)
| length             = {{cvt|409|in|ftin m|disp=out}}
| part_length        = 
| width              = {{cvt|96|in|ftin m|disp=out}}
| height             = {{cvt|118|in|ftin m|disp=out}} (over spare tire)
| diameter           = 
| crew               = 2
| armour             = U.S. Army Long Term Armor Strategy (LTAS) compliant;<br>A-kit (integral) and B-kit (add-on armor appliqué)
| primary_armament   = 
| secondary_armament = 
| engine             = [[Caterpillar Inc.|Caterpillar (CAT)]] C15, 15.2-liter, 6-cylinder inline water-cooled [[EPA]] 2004 compliant [[Diesel fuel|diesel]]
| engine_power       = {{convert|515|hp|abbr=on}}
| pw_ratio           = 
| transmission       = [[Allison Transmission|Allison]] 4500SP 5-speed automatic with Oshkosh enhanced {{convert|55000|lb|kg|adj=on}} 2 speed transfer case
| payload_capacity   = rated at {{convert|10|short ton|kg}}
| suspension         = Holland ADS-240 air (front); Holland AD-246 air (rear)
| clearance          = 
| fuel_capacity      = {{cvt|155|gal|L|0}}
| vehicle_range      = {{cvt|300|mi|0}} loaded
| speed              = {{cvt|62|mph|0}}
| guidance           = 
| steering           = power-assisted on front tandem
}}

The '''Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck''' ('''HEMTT''') is an [[eight-wheel drive]], [[diesel fuel|diesel]]-powered, {{convert|10|short ton|kg|adj=on}} tactical truck.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2021-2022)"/> The M977 HEMTT first entered service in 1982 with the [[United States Army]] as a replacement for the [[M520 Goer]], and since that date has remained in production for the U.S. Army and other nations.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2021-2022)">{{cite web |url=https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JLSU0779-JLSU |title=Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT)|publisher=IHS Jane's Shaun C Connors|date=2021-05-01 |access-date=2021-05-07}}</ref><ref name="olivedrab">{{cite web |url=http://www.olive-drab.com/idphoto/id_photos_hemtt.php |title=HEMTT |date=2008-05-22 |work=olive-drab.com |publisher=Olive-Drab.com LLC |access-date=22 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022115455/http://www.olive-drab.com/idphoto/id_photos_hemtt.php |archive-date=22 October 2007 |url-status=live }}</ref> By Q2 2021, around 35,800 HEMTTs in various configurations had been produced by [[Oshkosh Corporation|Oshkosh Defense]] through new-build contracts and around 14,000 of these had been re-manufactured.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2019-2020 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT) May 2019" /><ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2021-2022)"/> Current variants have the A4 suffix.

The 10×10 [[Logistic Vehicle System Replacement]] (LVSR) is the [[United States Marine Corps|United States Marines Corps']]  (USMC) equivalent to the U.S. Army's 8×8 HEMTT and 10×10 [[Palletized Load System]] (PLS). The USMC does not use the HEMTT or PLS, and the Army does not use the LVSR, but both services use a common trailer (M1076) with all three truck types.

==History==
Following the evaluation of proposals submitted by [[AM General]], [[MAN Truck & Bus|MAN]], Pacific Car & Foundry ([[Paccar|PACCAR]]) and [[Oshkosh Corporation|Oshkosh Truck Corporation]] (with PACCAR–[[GMC (automobile)|GMC]] team being the apparent leader of the competition, with pre-production assembly line already established)<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015078436931;view=1up;seq=195 |title=High-Mobility Tactical Truck Joining Goer Vehicle Family |journal=Army Research and Development News Magazine |publisher=U. S. Army Materiel Development and Readiness Command |date=November–December 1976 |volume=17 |number=6 |page=7 |via=Hathi Trust Digital Library}}</ref> in May 1981, the then U.S. Army [[United States Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command|Tank-Automotive Command]] awarded an initial five-year contract valued at US$251.13 million to Oshkosh Truck Corporation for production of the {{convert|10|short ton|kg|adj=mid}} 8×8 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT).<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>

The first prototype HEMTT was completed in December 1981, [[Pre-production car|pre-production]] examples followed during March 1982, with the first production vehicles produced in September 1982. Over five contract years, 2,140 vehicles were to be delivered. Contract options allowed for up to an additional 5,351 HEMTTs to be ordered, bringing production totals to 7,490 vehicles. The bulk of these options were exercised.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>

The second HEMTT contract was awarded to Oshkosh Truck Corporation in April 1987. This contract called for a base quantity of 1,403 vehicles, with options for an additional 1,684 vehicles; all contract options were exercised. A supplemental agreement added a further 1,449 vehicles (plus an option for 363 vehicles) to the second HEMTT contract in April 1989; the contract option was exercised. The third HEMTT production contract was awarded mid-1994 and when deliveries under this concluded over 14,000 HEMTTS had been produced. The fourth HEMTT production contract was awarded in August 1995, this extending production through September 2001.<ref name="Military Machines International">{{cite journal |first=Shaun |last=Connors |title=Feature: ''Oshkosh HEMTT'' |periodical=Military Machines International |publisher=Key |location=[[Stamford, Lincolnshire|Stamford]], England |pages=34–39 |date=March 2006}}</ref>

The Family of Heavy Tactical Vehicles (FHTV) contract was awarded to Oshkosh by the U.S. Army in March 2001. In addition to the HEMTT (both new and re-manufacture), the contract covered the [[Oshkosh M1070|M1070 HET]], M1074, and M1075 [[Palletized Load System]] (PLS) trucks, and M1076 PLS trailers and called for up to 5,398 trucks and 1,100 trailers (including options). FHTV covered the production period from March 2001 until mid-[[fiscal year]] 2006 (FY06). The FHTV contract was extended and renegotiated, and in February 2007, Oshkosh announced it had been awarded a contract to continue production of FHTVs. The follow-on FHTV contract (FHTV 2) covered new production of HEMTTs (including current A4 variants from mid-2008) and PLS vehicles plus PLS trailers.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/> In total, 2,173 new-build HEMTT A4 and 104 Recap HEMTT A4 were ordered under FHTV 2.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>

Production of product-improved HEMTT A2s continued until production of the HEMTT A4 began in July 2008. The exception was the M1977, which initially remained at A2 configuration for fleet commonality reasons; there is now an M1977A4.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>

Oshkosh Defense announced in October 2008 that it had been awarded the FHTV 3 contract by the U.S. Army's [[TACOM]]. More than 6,000 vehicles and trailers could be delivered under this three-year contract. FHTV 3 covered the HEMTT A4 and A1 models of the [[Palletized Load System|PLS]] and [[Heavy Equipment Transport System|HET]], and both new and recapitalized (Recap) vehicles. HEMTT A4 models were required to be Long Term Armor Strategy (LTAS) compliant and came off the assembly line fitted with upgraded suspensions and integral composite (A-kit) armor, and ready to receive an add-on (B-kit) armor appliqué.

The first FHTV 3 order was valued at US$1.2 billion and delivery commenced in November 2008. By late-2009, about 11,500 HEMTT A4s (new-build and Recap) had been ordered under the FHTV 2 and 3 contracts.

Oshkosh Defense announced in 2012 that it had been awarded a bridge contract to continue production and support of the FHTV. In October 2013, the U.S. Army released a revised pre-solicitation notice associated with FHTV 4 (presented FHTV IV). The original synopsis had been released in July 2013. According to the October release, the government intends to award a five-year requirements contract with an estimated value of US$822 million on a sole source basis to Oshkosh Corporation. It is understood the aim of the U.S. Army, was to ensure negotiations with Oshkosh Defense for FHTV IV were concluded in time to ensure there was no break in production between FHTV 3 and FHTV IV production and deliveries.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>

On 19 June 2015, Oshkosh Defense announced the U.S. Army had awarded the company a five-year requirements contract worth a potential $780 million to Recapitalize (Recap) its Family of Heavy Tactical Vehicles (FHTV). The FHTV 4 contract covers an estimated 1,800 FHTVs and in addition to HEMTTs covers PLS trucks and also includes the production of approximately 1,000 new production PLS trailers. HEMTT models account for around 75 per cent of the Recap potential, and all work performed under the contract will be completed in [[Oshkosh, Wisconsin]]. Deliveries will run from 2015 to 2019. In March 2016, Oshkosh received FHTV 4 awards valued at $430 million and covering the Recap of 1212 HEMTTs and PLS, plus the production of 345 new-build PLS trailers. Deliveries are slated for 2016–2017.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/> In April 2017, Oshkosh announced further FHTV 4 awards valued at more than $258 million for the Recap of 670 FHTVs plus the production of 356 PLS trailers. Deliveries commence in December 2017.<ref name="OSHKOSH DEFENSE AWARDED $258 MILLION FROM U.S. ARMY FOR RECAPITALIZATION OF HEAVY VEHICLE FLEET">{{cite web |url=https://oshkoshdefense.com/news/oshkosh-defense-awarded-258-million-u-s-army-recapitalization-heavy-vehicle-fleet/ |title=OSHKOSH DEFENSE AWARDED $258 MILLION FROM U.S. ARMY FOR RECAPITALIZATION OF HEAVY VEHICLE FLEET |date=2017-04-17 |work=Oshkosh Defense |access-date=19 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920154834/https://oshkoshdefense.com/news/oshkosh-defense-awarded-258-million-u-s-army-recapitalization-heavy-vehicle-fleet/ |archive-date=20 September 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On 23 May 2018 Oshkosh announced a further FHTV-4 award, this valued at $235.2 million for the Recap of 410 FHTVs and the manufacture of 680 new PLS trailers. Deliveries commence in FY19.<ref name="U.S. ARMY AWARDS OSHKOSH DEFENSE $235 MILLION TO RECAPITALIZE HEAVY VEHICLE FLEET">{{cite web |url=https://oshkoshdefense.com/news/u-s-army-awards-oshkosh-defense-235-million-to-recapitalize-heavy-vehicle-fleet/|title=U.S. ARMY AWARDS OSHKOSH DEFENSE $235 MILLION TO RECAPITALIZE HEAVY VEHICLE FLEET|date=2018-05-23 |work=Oshkosh Defense }}</ref> On 8 February 2019 Oshkosh announced an FHTV-4 award valued at $225.7 million for the Recap of 407 FHTVs and the manufacture of 601 new PLS trailers. Deliveries commence in FY19.<ref name="Oshkosh Defense Awarded $232.7 Million To Recapitalize U.S. Army’s Heavy Vehicle Fleet">{{cite web |url=https://oshkoshdefense.com/oshkosh-defense-awarded-232-7-million-to-recapitalize-u-s-armys-heavy-vehicle-fleet/ |title=Oshkosh Defense Awarded $232.7 Million To Recapitalize U.S. Army's Heavy Vehicle Fleet |date=2019-02-08 |work=Oshkosh Defense }}</ref><ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="Oshkosh Defense Awarded Contract to Recapitalize U.S. Army’s Heavy Tactical Vehicles">{{cite web |url=http://oshkoshdefense.com/news/oshkosh-defense-awarded-contract-recapitalize-u-s-armys-heavy-tactical-vehicles/ |title=Oshkosh Defense Awarded Contract to Recapitalize U.S. Army's Heavy Tactical Vehicles |date=2015-06-19 |access-date=2015-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630114937/http://oshkoshdefense.com/news/oshkosh-defense-awarded-contract-recapitalize-u-s-armys-heavy-tactical-vehicles/ |archive-date=30 June 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The final FHTV 4 award was announced by Oshkosh in March 2020. The award was valued at US$346.4 million and called for an undisclosed quantity of U.S. Army and U..S Army Reserve FHTVs to be Recap’d. Quantities/breakdown were not revealed, and deliveries were scheduled to conclude in December 2021.

On 3 May 2021 the U.S. Army announced that it had awarded Oshkosh Defense a three-year extension to the FHTV 4 contract. Under the extension, Oshkosh will provide new and Recap'd HEMTT, PLS trucks and trailers, and HETs. The initial delivery orders call for a total of 353 new and recapitalized vehicles, with HEMTTs accounting for US$130.5 million (inc. 33.8 million for M1977A4 CBTs) of the US$146.8 million total.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2021-2022)"/>

Used vehicles can be returned to Oshkosh as part of a recapitalization program where they are stripped to their frame rails and then fully rebuilt to a zero-hour, zero-mile, like-new condition. Recapitalized vehicles are assembled on the same production line as new vehicles, and put through the same performance tests and inspection procedures as new vehicles. Recapitalized vehicles are returned to the Army with a new bumper-to-bumper warranty and include air-conditioned and armor-ready cabs; electrical upgrades, and an [[anti-lock braking system]].<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="Oshkosh Defense Awarded Contract to Recapitalize U.S. Army’s Heavy Tactical Vehicles"/><ref name="U.S. ARMY AWARDS OSHKOSH DEFENSE $235 MILLION TO RECAPITALIZE HEAVY VEHICLE FLEET"/>

===Common Tactical Truck (CTT); previously Next Generation Future Truck (NGFT)===
{{anchor|Common tactical truck}}
[[File:CommonTacticalTruckRender.jpg|thumb|Common Tactical Truck rendering]]
Parallel to the FHTV 4 extension effort, the U.S. Army's Heavy Tactical Vehicles (HTV) PEO CS&CSS issued on 20 July 2020 Notice ID W56HZV-20-R-0237, a Request for Information (RfI) for the Next Generation Future Truck (NGFT). Responses were due by 24 August 2020 for what was quickly renamed the Common Tactical Truck (CTT). It is the intent that CTT will replace the HEMTT, plus the PLSA1 and M915 Truck Tractor, Line Haul. The Army desires five variants of the NGFT/CTT, and all with the option to perform semi-autonomous or autonomous operations. The five variants currently mooted are: a wrecker to recover Stryker, MRAPs, and other tactical wheeled vehicles up to 40 US tons; an LHS Heavy variant with crane to transport flatrack with up to 16 tons of cargo payload; a Tractor variant operable with the M870, M871, M172, M872, M967 tanker, M1062 tanker, future tanker (8,200 gallons), and commercial standard trailers; a Tanker variant with a 2,500 gallon threshold or objective fuel payload greater than 2,500 gallons; and a Cargo variant with crane capable of carrying a payload of up to 22 tons or greater.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2021-2022)"/>

==Description==
The HEMTT's objective is to provide heavy transport capabilities for supply and re-supply of combat vehicles and weapons systems. Compared to earlier generation [[M939 Truck|5-ton trucks]] in [[U.S. Army]] service it offers increased payload and mobility. The HEMTT is available in a variety of configurations, including cargo, tanker, tractor and wrecker.<ref name="Military Machines International"/>

The HEMTT was developed from the outset as a tactical truck,<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2021-2022)"/> but to minimize procurement and life cycle costs included militarized commercial automotive components where possible, these including the engine and transmission. Some components used in early HEMTTs are common with the Oshkosh [[Logistics Vehicle System]] (LVS) vehicles which were supplied to the [[United States Marine Corps|U.S. Marine Corps.]]

With the exception of the M984 [[Tow truck|wrecker]] variant (254 × 89 × 9.5&nbsp;mm, front; 356 × 89 × 9.5&nbsp;mm, rear), on all HEMTT variants the [[chassis]] is formed of 257 × 89 × 9.5&nbsp;mm heat-treated carbon [[Mangalloy|manganese steel]] with a [[Yield (engineering)|yield strength]] of 758 [[Pascal (unit)|MPa.]] Bolted construction with Grade 8 bolts is used throughout. A centrally mounted self-recovery [[winch]] is an option and this is fitted to around 20% of production.<ref name="Military Machines International"/>

The HEMTT's two-door [[Cab over|forward control]] cab seats two. It is of heavy-duty welded steel construction with corrosion-resistant sheet metal skins. [[Armor Holdings|Simula Inc.]] (acquired by [[Armor Holdings]] in 2003 and now [[BAE Systems]]) supplied 186 add-on cab armoring kits for use in the former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]. These were not issued, but from 2004 were used in [[Iraq]]. BAE systems supplied a next-generation armor kit for the HEMTT and by late-2006 had supplied the [[U.S. Army]] with around 3600 kits for the Oshkosh HEMTT and [[Palletized Load System|PLS.]] The HEMTT A4 is fitted with the slightly larger from the Oshkosh [[Palletized Load System|PLS A1.]] This cab complies with the U.S. Army's Long Term Armor Strategy (LTAS) requirements of an A- and B-kit armoring philosophy. It also comes as standard with integrated floor armor, an integrated mount for a [[machine gun]] and gunner protection kit, and [[Automobile air conditioning|air-conditioning.]]

A [[Detroit Diesel]] 8V92TA V-8 [[Two-stroke engine|two-stroke]] [[diesel engine|diesel]] developing {{cvt|445|hp|kW|lk=on}} is fitted in HEMTT A0 and A1 models, with the DDECIV version of this engine fitted to A2 HEMTTs. An [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA 2004]] compliant [[Caterpillar Inc.|Caterpillar (CAT)]] C-15 six-cylinder, 15.2-liter diesel developing a peak of {{cvt|515|hp|kW}} is fitted to HEMTT A4 models. HEMTT A0 and A1 models are fitted with an [[Allison Transmission|Allison HT 740D]] 4F/1R [[automatic transmission]], [[torque converter]], and Oshkosh {{convert|55000|lb|kg|adj=on}} two-speed [[transfer case]]. HEMTT A2 models have the [[Allison Transmission|Allison HD 4560P]] 6F/1R automatic transmission. HEMTT A4 models are fitted with an [[Allison Transmission|Allison 4500SP]] 5F/1R automatic transmission and an uprated version of Oshkosh's {{convert|55000|lb|kg|adj=on}} two-speed transfer case.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="HEMTT A4">{{cite web |url=https://oshkoshdefense.com/vehicles/hemtt-a4/ |title=Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck HEMTT A4 |publisher=Oshkosh Defense |access-date=2015-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109190407/http://oshkoshdefense.com/vehicles/hemtt-a4/ |archive-date=9 January 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The front axles on all HEMTTs are single-reduction Oshkosh 46K, the rear are Dana single-reduction which vary according to configuration. Drive to the front axles is selectable and all axles have [[Locking differential|differential locks.]] [[Suspension (vehicle)|Suspension]] on A0/A1/A3 models is by [[Hendrickson International|Hendrickson]] [[leaf spring]]s with equalizing beams. Suspension on A4 models is Holland [[air suspension]], load rating on the rear axles varying by configuration. Tire size is [[Tire code|1600 R20]] on all models, and standard tire fit is [[Michelin]] XZL.<ref name="HEMTT A4"/>

All models are capable of fording water crossings up to {{cvt|48|in|cm}} deep, and can climb a [[Grade (slope)|gradient]] of at least 60%. All original variants are air transportable in the [[C-130]]. All variants are air-transportable in the [[Boeing C-17 Globemaster III|C-17]].<ref name="army" />

Original HEMTT models now have the [[suffix]] A0. Only the M984 wrecker was produced in A1 configuration. All models were produced in A2 configuration. The A3 suffix is applied to HEMTT [[technology demonstration|technology demonstrators]] with a [[diesel–electric powertrain|diesel–electric]] drive system. Current HEMTT production models have the suffix A4.

==HEMTT models==
* The '''M977''' cargo truck variant is the base member of the HEMTT family. The current model is the M977A4; there was no M977A1. In addition to the basic M977A0/A2/A4 cargo truck, two other variants are available. The M977A0/A2/A4 Electrical Power Plant (EPP) has an extended cargo body ({{cvt|6.041|m|ft}} inside length) and is used to hold and transport generators for the [[MIM-104 Patriot|Patriot]] air-defence missile system. There is no material handling crane on the EPP. The M977A0/A2/A4 Large Repair Parts Transporter (LRPT) and the basic M977 cargo truck are fitted with a light-duty Grove materials handling crane mounted at the rear of the chassis.<ref name="Military Machines International"/><ref name=doy03>{{cite book |last=Doyle |first=David |title=Standard catalog of U.S. Military Vehicles |year=2003 |publisher=Krause Publications |isbn=0-87349-508-X |pages=247–250}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/244474407/TM-9-2320-338-10 |title=TM 9-2320-338-10 Operators Manual for Truck, Cargo, M977A4 |publisher=US Dept. of the Army |date=2008-10-15 |access-date=2014-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072735/https://www.scribd.com/doc/244474407/TM-9-2320-338-10 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The '''M978''' is a 9,500 liter capacity tanker. The current model is the M978A4; there was no M978A1. The M978A0 was produced in both potable water (approximately 18) and fuel servicing truck variants, the A2 and A4 models have only been produced in the fuel servicing truck variant.<ref name="Military Machines International"/><ref name=doy03/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/244502492/TM-9-2320-339-10 |title=TM 9-2320-339-10 Operators Manual for Truck, Tank, M978A4 |publisher=US Dept. of the Army |date=2008-10-15 |access-date=2015-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306210813/https://www.scribd.com/doc/244502492/TM-9-2320-339-10 |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The '''M983''' is a tractor unit for use with the trailer-mounted [[MIM-104 Patriot]] [[missile]] system. It can also be used with the Interim [[Stryker]] Recovery System, or other trailers.<ref name=doy03/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/244504033/TM-9-2320-340-10 |title=TM 9-2320-340-10 Operators Manual for Truck, Tractor, M983A4 |publisher=US Dept. of the Army |date=2008-10-15 |access-date=2015-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314170247/https://www.scribd.com/doc/244504033/TM-9-2320-340-10 |archive-date=14 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> An earlier variant fitted with a 30&nbsp;kW generator and crane mounted behind the cab was used to tow the [[Pershing II]] Erector Launcher in [[CONUS]] (a [[M1001]] [[MAN SE|MAN]] tractor was used in [[Germany|West Germany]]). The M983A2/A4 Light Equipment Transporter (LET) tractor is mainly used to transport construction and engineer equipment. It has a {{cvt|45000|lb|kg}}) 2 speed hydraulic winch mounted behind the cab used to load the trailer. It does not have a self-recovery winch.<ref name="Military Machines International"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/244507137/TM-9-2320-341-10 |title=TM 9-2320-341-10 Operators Manual for Truck, Tractor(LET), M983A4 |publisher=US Dept. of the Army |date=2008-10-15 |access-date=2015-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306081623/https://www.scribd.com/doc/244507137/TM-9-2320-341-10 |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The '''M984''' wrecker is the only HEMTT variant to have been produced in the A1 configuration, and this resulting in the change of recovery crane and retrieval system between A0 and A1 configurations. The current model is the M984A4. Standard equipment includes a {{cvt|27240|kg|lb}} capacity two-speed recovery winch, a rear-mounted 11,340&nbsp;kg capacity vehicle retrieval system, and a {{cvt|6350|kg|lb}} at {{cvt|2.74|m|ft}} capacity Grove materials handling crane. A {{cvt|9072|kg|lb}} bare drum capacity self-recovery winch is fitted as standard on the M984.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="Military Machines International"/>
* The '''M985''' is available in two variants. The current models are A4; there were no A1 models. The M985 cargo variant is similar to the M977 cargo truck but was developed to support the [[M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System]] (MLRS) with a M989A1 HEMAT trailer. It may also used to transport Patriot missiles. The M985 Guided Missile Transporter (GMT) was developed specifically for use with the Patriot system and it can be distinguished easily from other cargo models by its rear-mounted Hiab 8108/2 materials handling crane<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="Military Machines International"/><ref name="US Dept. of the Army">{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/29047972/TM-5-5420-234-14P-CBT-COMMON-BRIDGE-TRANSPORTER |title=TM 5-5420-234-14&P Operators Unit Maintenance Manual for Common Bridge Transporter M977A2 |publisher=US Dept. of the Army |date=1999-07-15 |access-date=2014-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305155652/https://www.scribd.com/doc/29047972/TM-5-5420-234-14P-CBT-COMMON-BRIDGE-TRANSPORTER |archive-date=5 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The [[M1120 HEMTT Load Handling System|'''M1120''' Load Handling System]] (LHS) variant was initially introduced as part of the HEMTT overhaul/rebuild program, during which returned M977 cargo trucks have their cargo bodies and materials handling cranes removed, to be replaced by a [[Hydrauliska Industri AB|Multilift]] Mark 5 (now designated MPH165-LHS) LHS, as fitted to the Oshkosh [[Palletized Load System|PLS]] truck.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="Military Machines International"/>
* The '''M1977''' HEMTT Common Bridge Transporter (CBT) is a further development of the M1120 LHS, and in common with the M1120 LHS was initially introduced as part of the HEMTT overhaul/rebuild program. It is used for loading, transporting, and unloading [[Pontoon bridge|Ribbon Bridge]] components and bridge erection boats.<ref name="Military Machines International"/><ref name="US Dept. of the Army"/>
* The '''M1142''' is a Tactical Fire Fighting Truck (TFFT) capable of extinguishing aircraft, petroleum, brush, and structural fires at isolated military installations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/78170883/TM-5-4210-249-13P-1 |title=TM 5-5420-249-13&P-1 Operator's and Field Level Maint. Manual for TFFT M1142 |publisher=US Dept. of the Army |date=2009-02-20 |access-date=2015-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219122705/https://www.scribd.com/doc/78170883/TM-5-4210-249-13P-1 |archive-date=19 February 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> The TFFT is based on a HEMTT M977A2 chassis with the heavier duty M1120 LHS HEMTT variant rear suspension. The TFFT contract was awarded to [[Pierce Manufacturing]] with Oshkosh Corporation as a subcontractor to Pierce.<ref name="Military Machines International"/>
* The '''M1158''' HEWATT is designed to support the M1142 Tactical Fire Fighting Truck (TFFT) while providing supplementary fire suppression capabilities.<ref name="Military Machines International"/>
* The HEMTT-based '''M1075''' [[Terminal High Altitude Area Defense|Terminal (formerly Theatre) High Altitude Area Defense ('''THAAD''')]] missile launcher is technically a variant of the HEMTT LHS, but as of November 2016 no technical details had been released.
* The '''HEMTT A3''' is the first production-ready tactical defense vehicle to feature a [[diesel–electric powertrain|diesel–electric]] drive system. The ProPulse system fitted uses a modular series-[[hybrid power|hybrid]] arrangement to simplify the [[transmission (mechanics)|transmission]] of power to the wheels. The [[diesel engine]] powers an [[electric generator]], which provides direct power to the wheels, eliminating the [[torque converter]], [[automatic transmission]], [[transfer case]], and [[drive shaft]]s. A dedicated motor controlled from its own power converters drives each axle independently. ProPulse technology, it is claimed, can increase fuel economy by up to 40% over conventional [[powertrain]]s. The [[diesel engine]] is optimized to run at the most efficient speed based on power demand, and transient loads to the engine are eliminated using stored energy. This eliminates the inefficiency associated with changing [[Revolutions per minute|rpm]] levels during [[acceleration]] and [[deceleration]], and also reduces [[emission standard|emissions]]. In stopping operations, the [[electric motor]]s operate as generators, and energy is stored for use in the next [[acceleration]]. Other stated advantages of the system include the system acting as an on-board generator, providing enough [[electricity]] (up to 200 [[kW]] of [[Alternating current|AC]] power) to power a small [[airfield]], hospital, or military command center. Since the system uses no [[Battery (electricity)|batteries]], they never need to be replaced, and the amount of fuel needed to supply ProPulse-equipped trucks will be less.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/><ref name="HEMTT A4"/>

==Gallery==
<gallery caption="Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT)" mode="packed" heights="150px">
File:HEMTT truck.JPEG|An early promotional image of a M977 HEMTT and trailer; payload are MLRS reloads
File:M978 tank truck in Beatty, Nevada.jpg|HEMTT M978A2 {{convert|9500|L|gal|adj=mid|sp=us}} capacity fuel tanker with standard unarmored cab
File:HEMTT M978A2 with HEMAT trailer.jpg|HEMTT M978A4 {{convert|9500|L|gal|adj=mid|sp=us}} capacity fuel tanker with M989 HEMAT trailer
File:ROCA Oshkosh HEMTT in Car Park of Hukou Camp 20140329.jpg|HEMTT M983A2 of Taiwan's armed forces
File:HEMTT Wrecker and Cargo.jpg|HEMTT M984A2 wreckers with standard unarmored cab
File:HEMTT M984A4 wrecker.jpg|HEMTT M984A4 wrecker with armored cab
File:Bridging divides, bridging together 130730-M-AR522-079.jpg|HEMTT M1977A2 CBTs with standard unarmored cab
File:HEMTT M1977A2.jpg|U.S. Army soldiers unload a Mk2 Bridge Erection Boat from a M1977A2 CBT HEMTT into the Missouri River
File:HEMTT M1120A2.jpg|HEMTT M1120A2 with standard softskin cab
File:Hemtt iraq.jpg|HEMTT M1120A2 with Simula/BAE Systems armored package in Iraq
File:HEMTT M1120A4.jpg|M1120A4 HEMTT with B-kit armor added to the standard A-kit cab
File:IPS Modernization-Recap 7544 HR.jpg|HEMTT A2 being Recap'd to A4 standard
</gallery>

==Operators==
{{div col}}
===Current operators===
* {{flag|Bahrain}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Brazil}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tecnodefesa.com.br/exercito-confirma-compra-de-10-veiculos-oshkosh-conforme-anunciado-em-1a-mao-por-td/ |title=Exército confirma compra de 10 veículos Oshkosh (Conforme anunciado em 1ª mão por T&D). |trans-title=Army confirms purchase of 10 Oshkosh vehicles (As announced 1st hand to T & D) |work=Tecnodefesa |first=Roberto |last=Caiafa |location=Brazil |language=pt |date=2018-07-07 |access-date=2018-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708050338/http://tecnodefesa.com.br/exercito-confirma-compra-de-10-veiculos-oshkosh-conforme-anunciado-em-1a-mao-por-td/ |archive-date=8 July 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> (10 M984 wreckers to be delivered from 2020 to support the Iveco [[VBTP-MR Guarani]] 6x6 armored vehicles). 20 more ordered.
* {{flag|Egypt}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Greece}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Iraq}}
* {{flag|Israel}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/> (includes approx. 420 EDA examples in 2015)
* {{flag|Jordan}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Kuwait}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Malaysia}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.defense.gov/News/Contracts/Contract/Article/2785412//|title=US DOD}}</ref><ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Morocco}} (believed EDA but not confirmed)
* {{flag|Oman}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Romania}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/Regimentul74PATRIOT/posts/pfbid02hNKjqZYMmPNcRjdgnBf2caVCmBtNTpCJ3HVRJcxYALziBraDhUm4oZzpH87JXDk5l|title=Regimentul 74 PATRIOT|work=[[Facebook]]|publisher=Regimentul 74 P A T R I O T|language=ro|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/X4cwr |archive-date=2023-01-05|date=27 November 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> used with the Patriot [[surface-to-air missile]] systems
* {{flag|Qatar}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{SAU}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|South Korea}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Taiwan}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Turkey}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|UAE}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flagu|United States}}<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and M989A1 Heavy Expanded Mobility Ammunition Trailer (HEMAT)"/>
* {{flag|Ukraine}}<ref name=m1089>{{cite web |title=Ukraine received M1089A1P2 armored recovery vehicles |date=7 December 2022 |url=https://mil.in.ua/en/news/ukraine-received-m1089a1p2-armored-recovery-vehicles/ |publisher=«Ukrainian Military Center» Public Organization}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

===Future/potential operators===
*{{flag|Bulgaria}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bulgaria – Stryker Vehicles {{!}} Defense Security Cooperation Agency |url=https://www.dsca.mil/press-media/major-arms-sales/bulgaria-stryker-vehicles?fbclid=IwAR3MDP-couU_Alz7RCQ47wialnyQgi7z_jZ-ouNB69zC9glKLSem01MyNmA |access-date=2023-09-02 |website=www.dsca.mil}}</ref>

==See also==
{{div col}}
* [[Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles]]
* [[Heavy Equipment Transport System]]
* [[List of U.S. military vehicles by model number|U.S. Army equipment M-numbers]]
* [[M939 Truck]]
* [[MAN gl]]
* [[MAZ-7310]]
* [[BAZ-6909]]
* [[Tatra 816]]
* [[Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement]]
* [[Oshkosh Corporation]]
* [[Oshkosh L-ATV]]
* [[Oshkosh Logistic Vehicle System Replacement (LVSR)|Logistic Vehicle System Replacement]] (LVSR)
* [[Oshkosh M-ATV]]
* [[Palletized Load System]]
* [[Plasan Sand Cat]]
* [[RMMV HX range of tactical trucks]]
* [[Shaanxi HMV3]]
* [[Sisu E13TP]]
* [[TA580/TAS5380]]
* [[TerraMax (vehicle)]]
* [[US Army tactical truck engines]]
{{div col end}}

==References (bibliography)==
* ''Brothers of HEMTT - PLS-LVS'' by Carl Schulze (published by Tankograd) [http://www.tankograd.com/cms/website.php?id=/en/index/publikationen.htm/ Tankograd]
* ''HEMTT: US Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck'' by Carl Schulze (published by Tankograd) [http://www.tankograd.com/cms/website.php?id=/en/index/publikationen.htm/ Tankograd]
* ''Jane's Land Warfare Platforms 2015-2016: Logistics, Support & Unmanned'' {{ISBN|0710631723}}
* ''Jane's Land Warfare Platforms 2014/2015: Logistics, Support & Unmanned'' {{ISBN|0710631308}} 
* ''Jane's Military Vehicles & Logistics 2004–2005'' {{ISBN|0710626312}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150502083819/https://www.ihs.com/products/janes-logistics-support-unmanned.html ''Jane’s Land Warfare Platforms: Logistics, Support & Unmanned'']
* ''Modern U.S. Military Vehicles'' by Fred Crismon {{ISBN|0760305269}}
* ''Oshkosh Trucks: 75 Years of Specialty Truck Production'' (Paperback; November, 1992) ({{ISBN|0879386614}})
* {{cite book|url=https://www.nsncenter.com/Files/library/TM/HEMTT/TM-9-2320-279-10-1/TM-9-2320-279-10-1.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.nsncenter.com/Files/library/TM/HEMTT/TM-9-2320-279-10-1/TM-9-2320-279-10-1.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=TM 9-2320-279-10-1 (vol. 1 of 2)}} and {{cite book|url=https://www.nsncenter.com/Files/library/TM/HEMTT/TM-9-2320-279-10-2/TM-9-2320-279-10-2.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.nsncenter.com/Files/library/TM/HEMTT/TM-9-2320-279-10-2/TM-9-2320-279-10-2.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=TM 9-2320-279-10-2 (vol. 2 of 2)}}{{cite book|title=Operator's Manual M977 Series, 8x8 Heavy Expanded Mobility Trucks (HEMTT)|publisher=US Dept. of the Army|date=1998}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Oshkosh HEMTT}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8oMuGPeiuRo/ July 2015 Oshkosh promotional video]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4HzBXN8xlJ8/ March 2015 Oshkosh promotional video]
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/OshkoshCorp/ Oshkosh Corporation YouTube page]
* [http://oshkoshdefense.com/ Oshkosh Defense]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzcDcehlU1Y/ Oshkosh HEMTT Tactical Fire Fighting Truck (TFFT)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3ovDFIJvUI/ Oshkosh HEMTT heavy expanded mobility tactical truck Army Recognition]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PAAJ82FfFI&list=PLiQrs9VcSO2gtAkmenHfIrC38TOZBmCIY&index=4/ Oshkosh Defense Overview]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0Vyq--p89A/ Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEpFzXwsntI/ Oshkosh 2011 Corporate Video]
* [http://www.primeportal.net/hemtt.htm Photos and Walk Arounds of most HEMTT Variants at Prime Portal]
* [http://www.hybrid-vehicle.org/hybrid-truck-hemtt.html Hybrid-Vehicle.org: Oshkosh hybrid truck the HEMTT A3] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410092114/http://www.hybrid-vehicle.org/hybrid-truck-hemtt.html |date=10 April 2021 }}
* [https://archive.today/20121212221520/http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/wheeled/hemtt.html Army Fact File: HEMTT]
* [https://oshkoshdefense.com/vehicles/hemtt-a4/ Oshkosh website: HEMTT A4]
* [https://www.nsndepot.com/Library/HEMTT HEMTT Technical Manuals at NSN Depot]

{{Oshkosh Corporation}}
{{Post-WWII US Soft Vehicles}}

[[Category:All-wheel-drive vehicles]]
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[[Category:Military logistics of the United States]]
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