Editing Heat (1995 film)

{{short description|1995 crime drama film by Michael Mann}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Heat
| image          = Heatposter.jpg
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director       = [[Michael Mann]]
| writer         = Michael Mann
| based_on       = {{Based on|''[[L.A. Takedown]]''|Michael Mann}}
| producer       = {{Plainlist|
* Michael Mann
* [[Art Linson]]
}}
| starring       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Al Pacino]]
* [[Robert De Niro]]
* [[Tom Sizemore]]
* [[Diane Venora]]
* [[Amy Brenneman]]
* [[Ashley Judd]]
* [[Mykelti Williamson]]
* [[Wes Studi]]
* [[Ted Levine]]
* [[Jon Voight]]
* [[Val Kilmer]]
<!--- The above list is per the billing block. Do not change it. --->
}}
| cinematography = [[Dante Spinotti]]
| editing        = {{Plainlist|
* [[Dov Hoenig]]
* [[Pasquale Buba]]
* [[William Goldenberg]]
* [[Tom Rolf]]
}}
| music          = [[Elliot Goldenthal]]
| studio         = {{Plainlist|
* [[Regency Enterprises]]
* Forward Pass
}}
| distributor    = [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]]
| released       = {{Film date|1995|12|15}}
| runtime        = 170 minutes
| country        = United States
| language       = English
| budget         = $60 million<ref name="JPBO">{{cite web |title=Heat (1995) |language=fr |url=http://www.jpbox-office.com/fichfilm.php?id=3994 |website=JP's Box-Office |access-date=April 11, 2016 |archive-date=September 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924112144/http://jpbox-office.com/fichfilm.php?id=3994 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| gross          = $187.4 million<ref name="Mojo">{{cite web |title=Heat (1995) |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0113277/ |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=May 7, 2021}}</ref>
}}
'''''Heat''''' is a 1995 American [[crime drama film]]<ref name="rt" /> written and directed by [[Michael Mann]]. It features an [[ensemble cast]] led by [[Al Pacino]] and [[Robert De Niro]], with [[Tom Sizemore]], [[Jon Voight]], and [[Val Kilmer]] in supporting roles.<ref name=var/> The film follows the conflict between a [[Los Angeles Police Department]] detective, played by Pacino, and a career thief, played by De Niro, while also depicting its effect on their professional relationships and personal lives.

Mann wrote the original script for ''Heat'' in 1979, basing it on [[Chicago]] police officer [[Chuck Adamson]]'s pursuit of criminal Neil McCauley, after whom De Niro's character is named.<ref>{{cite news | author=George M. Thomas | title=He's a Goofy Goober; 'Heat' | newspaper=Akron Beacon Journal | date=February 27, 2005}}</ref> The script was first used for a television pilot developed by Mann, which became the 1989 television film ''[[L.A. Takedown]]'' after the pilot did not receive a series order. In 1994, Mann revisited the script to turn it into a feature film, co-producing the project with [[Art Linson]]. The film marks De Niro and Pacino's first on-screen appearance together following a period of acclaimed performances from both. Due to their esteemed reputations, promotion centered on their involvement.

''Heat'' was released by [[Warner Bros. Pictures]] on December 15, 1995. It grossed $187 million on a $60 million budget and received positive reviews for Mann's direction and the performances of Pacino and De Niro. The film is regarded as one of the most influential films of its genre and has inspired several other works.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rivers |first=Marc |date=September 5, 2020 |title=Michael Mann's 'Heat' At 25: A Newly Relevant Study In Loneliness |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/09/05/908078733/michael-manns-heat-at-25-a-newly-relevant-study-in-loneliness |access-date=July 19, 2024 |publisher=[[NPR]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Valero |first=Gerardo |date=September 7, 2020 |title=Why Heat is the Greatest Heist Movie Ever Made |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/far-flung-correspondents/why-heat-is-the-greatest-heist-movie-ever-made |access-date=July 19, 2024 |website=[[RogerEbert.com]] |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083520/https://www.rogerebert.com/far-flung-correspondents/why-heat-is-the-greatest-heist-movie-ever-made |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Matthew |date=January 7, 2024 |title=The Immense Scope of Michael Mann's 'Heat' Remains Unmatched |url=https://collider.com/heat-michael-mann-scope/ |access-date=July 19, 2024 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]] |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083521/https://collider.com/heat-michael-mann-scope/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A sequel was announced to be in development on July 20, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Leston |first=Ryan |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Michael Mann's Heat 2 'Already Underway' |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/michael-manns-heat-2-already-underway |access-date=August 4, 2022 |website=IGN |language=en}}</ref>

==Plot==
<!--Plot is nearly 700 words; per [[MOS:FILMPLOT]], plot summaries for feature films should be between 400 and 700 words-->Neil McCauley is a professional thief based in [[Los Angeles]]. He and his crew—right-hand man Chris Shiherlis, enforcer Michael Cheritto, driver Gilbert Trejo and newly hired hand Waingro—rob $1.6 million in [[bearer bond]]s from an armored car. During the heist, Waingro kills a guard without provocation, forcing the crew to eliminate the other two guards. McCauley prepares to kill Waingro in retaliation for the deaths of the guards, but he escapes.

[[LAPD]] Police Lieutenant Vincent Hanna and his team investigate the robbery. Hanna, a dedicated lawman and former [[United States Marine Corps|Marine]], has a strained relationship with his third wife Justine, and struggles to connect with his stepdaughter Lauren. McCauley, who lives a solitary life, begins a relationship with Eady, a graphic designer. The pair bonds over their mutual isolation from society.

McCauley's [[fence (criminal)|fence]] Nate suggests that he sell the stolen bonds to their original owner, [[money laundering|money launderer]] Roger Van Zant. Van Zant pretends to agree but instead arranges an ambush. Anticipating a trap, McCauley and his crew counter-ambush and kill the hitmen. Afterward, McCauley threatens Van Zant with revenge. An LAPD [[informant]] connects Cheritto to the robbery, and Hanna's team begins monitoring him, identifying the rest of the crew and their next target, a precious metals depository. The team stakes out the depository, and subsequently breaks in, but when a careless officer makes a noise, McCauley aborts the heist. Hanna refuses to arrest them for [[breaking and entering]] since he thinks their charges will be dropped down to misdemeanors.

McCauley's crew agrees to one last bank robbery worth $12.2 million. Hanna tracks McCauley and pulls him over on the [[Interstate 105 (California)|105 Freeway]], inviting him to coffee. They discuss their dedication to their respective jobs and the limitations of their personal lives; Hanna describes his failing marriage, and McCauley confides that he is similarly isolated. Hanna tells him about a recurring [[nightmare]] he has where he sees all the dead bodies he's encountered in his career sitting around a large banquet table, and McCauley tells him about a [[dream]] he has where he is [[drowning]]. Despite their mutual respect, both men acknowledge that they will kill the other if necessary. Waingro makes a deal with Van Zant to help eliminate McCauley's crew. Trejo quits the bank robbery at the last moment, claiming that the LAPD is following him too closely. McCauley recruits an old colleague, Don Breedan, to take Trejo's place as the getaway driver, and the crew carries out the heist.

Tipped by Van Zant's associate Hugh Benny, the LAPD intercepts the crew as they leave the bank, leading to a massive shootout. Breedan and Cheritto are killed alongside many police officers, while McCauley escapes with a wounded Shiherlis, and Bosko, one of Hanna's detectives, is killed. McCauley takes Shiherlis to a doctor to treat his wounds and leaves him with Nate. Suspecting that Trejo tipped off the LAPD, McCauley arrives at his house to confront him, but finds him mortally wounded and his wife killed.

Before asking McCauley to kill him, Trejo reveals that Waingro and Van Zant forced him to divulge the bank heist plans. McCauley kills Van Zant in his mansion, while Hanna's team detains Benny. Learning of McCauley's connection to Waingro and that the latter is hiding in a hotel, Hanna uses Waingro as bait to lure McCauley. As McCauley prepares to flee the country, Eady discovers his criminal identity but agrees to go with him. Before escaping, Shiherlis attempts to reconcile with his wife Charlene after she has been forced by the LAPD to bring him in. As Shiherlis encounters Charlene at her safe house, she warns him away with a hand gesture, and he escapes.

Having separated from Justine, Hanna finds Lauren in his hotel room, having attempted suicide. He rushes her to the hospital and saves her life. Hanna reconciles with Justine, although the two agree that their marriage will never work.

McCauley drives with Eady to the [[Los Angeles International Airport]] to flee to [[New Zealand]] via private jet. However, when Nate gives him Waingro's location, McCauley abandons his usual caution to seek revenge. McCauley infiltrates the hotel and kills Waingro in his room. However, as McCauley returns to Eady, he is spotted by Hanna and flees. Hanna chases McCauley onto the tarmac at the airport, and the two stalk each other before Hanna gets the drop on McCauley and shoots him in the chest. Hanna takes McCauley's hand as he dies of his wounds.

==Cast==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Al Pacino]] as [[LAPD]] Police Lieutenant Vincent Hanna
* [[Robert De Niro]] as Neil McCauley
* [[Val Kilmer]] as Chris Shiherlis
* [[Jon Voight]] as Nate
* [[Tom Sizemore]] as Michael Cheritto
* [[Diane Venora]] as Justine Hanna
* [[Amy Brenneman]] as Eady
* [[Ashley Judd]] as Charlene Shiherlis
* [[Mykelti Williamson]] as Sergeant Bobby Drucker
* [[Wes Studi]] as Detective Sammy Casals
* [[Ted Levine]] as Detective Mike Bosko
* [[Dennis Haysbert]] as Don Breedan
* [[William Fichtner]] as Roger Van Zant
* [[Natalie Portman]] as Lauren Gustafson
* [[Tom Noonan]] as Kelso
* [[Niki Haris]] as Marcia Drucker
* [[Kevin Gage (actor)|Kevin Gage]] as Waingro
* [[Hank Azaria]] as Alan Marciano
* [[Danny Trejo]] as Gilbert Trejo<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FzdY2WEmYk | title=Danny Trejo Breaks Down His Most Iconic Characters &#124; GQ | website=[[YouTube]] | date=December 23, 2022 | access-date=March 27, 2023 | archive-date=July 19, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719082743/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FzdY2WEmYk | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Susan Traylor]] as Elaine Cheritto
* Kim Staunton as Lillian
* [[Henry Rollins]] as Hugh Benny
* [[Jerry Trimble]] as Detective Danny Schwartz
* [[Tone Loc]] as Richard Torena
* [[Ricky Harris]] as Albert Torena
* [[Ray Buktenica]] as Timmons
* [[Jeremy Piven]] as Dr. Bob
* [[Xander Berkeley]] as Ralph
* [[Steven Ford]] as Officer Bruce
}}

Additional cast members include [[Martin Ferrero]] as a hardware salesman and [[Hazelle Goodman]] as the mother of a prostitute murdered by Waingro. Featured as members of the LAPD are [[Paul Herman]] as Sergeant Heinz, Cindy Katz as forensics investigator Rachel, and [[Dan Martin (actor)|Dan Martin]] as Detective Harry Dieter. Stuntmen [[Rick Avery]], Bill McIntosh, and [[Thomas Rosales Jr.]] portray the armored truck guards. [[Patricia Healy]] appears as a woman in a relationship with Bosko and [[Yvonne Zima]] plays the girl taken hostage by Cheritto. News reporter Claudia is portrayed by [[Farrah Forke]]. [[Bud Cort]] makes an uncredited appearance as restaurant owner Solenko.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/jul/10/burt-cort-harold-and-maude-blessing-and-curse |title=Bud Cort: 'Harold and Maude was a blessing and a curse' |newspaper=The Guardian |date=July 10, 2014 |last1=Godfrey |first1=Alex |access-date=March 27, 2023 |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719082704/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/jul/10/burt-cort-harold-and-maude-blessing-and-curse |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Development==
[[Michael Mann]], for ''[[Heat (1995 film)|Heat]]'' (just like for ''[[Collateral (film)|Collateral]]'' and ''[[Thief (film)|Thief]]''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Debruge |first=Peter |date=2024-04-09 |title=Critic’s Notebook: Sharper Than Ever, French Crime Classic ‘Le Samouraï’ Might Be the Coolest Film Ever Made |url=https://variety.com/2024/film/columns/le-samourai-the-coolest-film-ever-made-jean-pierre-melville-alain-delon-4k-restoration-1235964766/ |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>), creates the character of Neil McCauley, played by [[Robert De Niro]], drawing inspiration from the minimalist and detached style of [[Alain Delon]] in ''[[Le Samouraï]].''<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=2003-12-01 |title=Le Cercle Rouge (1970) » PopMatters |url=https://www.popmatters.com/cercle-rouge-2496229539.html |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=www.popmatters.com |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Le Samourai: Alain Delon and Jean-Pierre Melville's Masterpiece |url=https://usa.tv5monde.com/en/blog/le-samourai-alain-delon-and-jean-pierre-melville-s-masterpiece-1186384 |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=TV5MONDE États-Unis |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Le Samourai — Cinema Reborn |url=https://cinemareborn.com.au/Le-Samourai |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=cinemareborn.com.au |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Harper |first=Jack |date=2024-11-17 |title=Everyone From The Mandalorian to John Wick Owe a Debut the Roles and Life of This French Legend |url=https://collider.com/alain-delon-le-samourai/ |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=Collider |language=en}}</ref> The line "I am alone, not lonely" from McCauley (De Niro in ''Heat'') directly echoes the one from Jeff Costello (Delon in ''Le Samouraï'') : "I never lose, never really".<ref>{{cite web |date=2022-01-26 |title=Les films qu’il faut avoir vus : Heat |url=https://blog.culture31.com/2022/01/26/les-films-quil-faut-avoir-vus-heat-4/ |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=Culture 31 |language=fr-FR}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

===Factual basis===
''Heat'' is based on the true story of Neil McCauley, a calculating criminal and ex-[[Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary|Alcatraz]] inmate who was tracked down by Detective [[Chuck Adamson]] in 1964.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/far-flung-correspondents/crime-in-the-emptiness-of-los-angeles|title=Crime in the emptiness of Los Angeles|author=Wael Khairy|work=rogerebert.com|date=December 14, 2012 |access-date=April 17, 2020|archive-date=May 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511150913/https://www.rogerebert.com/far-flung-correspondents/crime-in-the-emptiness-of-los-angeles|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Rybin">{{cite book|publisher=[[Lexington Books]]|date=2007|title=The Cinema of Michael Mann|first=Steven|last=Rybin|isbn=9780739153031|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RX94AAAAQBAJ&q=Chuck+Adamson+heat&pg=PA112|access-date=October 17, 2020|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719082704/https://books.google.com/books?id=RX94AAAAQBAJ&q=Chuck+Adamson+heat&pg=PA112#v=snippet&q=Chuck%20Adamson%20heat&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1961, McCauley was transferred from Alcatraz to [[McNeil Island Corrections Center]], as mentioned in the film. He was released in 1962 and immediately began planning new crimes. Michael Parille and William Pinkerton used bolt cutters and drills to rob a manufacturing company of diamond drill bits, which is recreated in the film.<ref name="interview">DVD Extra Interview with Michael Mann; ''The Making of Heat''</ref> 

Pacino's character is largely based on Detective Chuck Adamson, who began keeping tabs on McCauley's crew, knowing that he had begun committing crimes again. Adamson and McCauley met for coffee once, as portrayed in the film.<ref name="Rybin" /> Their dialogue in the script is based on the conversation that McCauley and Adamson had.<ref name="interview" /> The next time that the two met, guns were drawn, which is also mirrored in the movie.<ref name="Rybin" />

On March 25, 1964, McCauley and members of his regular crew followed an armored car that delivered money to a [[National Tea]] grocery store at 4720 S. Cicero Avenue, Chicago. When the drop was made, three of the robbers entered the store. They threatened the clerks and stole money bags worth $13,137<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/25690887/chicago_tribune/|title=Heroes Commended by Wilson; Warns Gangs: Flee or be Killed|date=March 27, 1965|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=November 25, 2018|page=2|language=en|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|13137|1964|r=-3|fmt=c}} in {{Inflation/year|US}}) before getting away after police gunfire.<ref name="Rybin" /><ref name="interview" /> 

McCauley's crew was unaware that Adamson and eight other detectives had blocked off all potential exits; the getaway car turned down an alley, and the robbers saw the blockade and realized that they were trapped. All four exited the vehicle and began firing. Russell Bredon (or Breaden) and Michael Parille were slain in an alley while Miklos Polesti (on whom Chris Shiherlis is loosely based)<ref name="Rybin" /> shot his way out and escaped. McCauley was shot to death on the lawn of a nearby home. He was 50 years old and the prime suspect in several burglaries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scrappygraphics.com/alcatraz/prison/prisoners/list6.html|title=We've got them all!!!|work=scrappygraphics.com|access-date=March 5, 2015|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719082702/https://www.scrappygraphics.com/lander|url-status=live}}</ref> Polesti was caught days later and sent to prison. Polesti was still alive in 2011.<ref name="interview" />

Adamson went on to a successful career as a television and film producer, and he died in 2008 at age 71.<ref name="obit">{{cite news | url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/obituaries/individual_display.jsp?obitID=3645211 | title=Adamson, Chuck | work=Las Vegas Review-Journal | date=March 2, 2008 | access-date=July 28, 2009 | archive-date=July 19, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719125112/https://www.reviewjournal.com/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Mann's 2009 film ''[[Public Enemies (2009 film)|Public Enemies]]'' is dedicated to Adamson's memory.

The character of Nate played by [[Jon Voight]] is based on criminal-turned-author [[Edward Bunker]], who served as a consultant to Mann on the film.<ref name="Rybin"/><ref name=interview/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1494806/Edward-Bunker.html|title=Edward Bunker|date=July 26, 2005|work=Telegraph.co.uk|access-date=April 4, 2018|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719125117/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1494806/Edward-Bunker.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Canceled TV series===
{{main|L.A. Takedown}}

In 1979, Mann wrote a 180-page draft of ''Heat''. He rewrote it after making ''[[Thief (film)|Thief]]'' in 1981, hoping to find a director to make it and mentioning it publicly in a promotional interview for his 1983 film ''[[The Keep (film)|The Keep]]''. In the late 1980s, he offered the film to his friend, film director [[Walter Hill (director)|Walter Hill]], who turned him down.<ref name="lafrance blog">{{cite web |author=Lafrance, J.D. |date=November 19, 2010 |title=''Heat'' |url=http://rheaven.blogspot.com/2010/11/heat.html |access-date=September 10, 2014 |work=Radiator Heaven |archive-date=May 12, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512225754/http://rheaven.blogspot.com/2010/11/heat.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Following the success of ''[[Miami Vice]]'' and ''[[Crime Story (U.S. TV series)|Crime Story]]'', Mann was to produce a new crime television show for [[NBC]]. He turned the script that would become ''Heat'' into a 90-minute [[television pilot|pilot]] for a television series featuring the Los Angeles Police Department Robbery–Homicide division,<ref name="lafrance blog" /> featuring [[Scott Plank]] in the role of Hanna, and [[Alex McArthur]] playing the character of Neil McCauley, renamed to Patrick McLaren.<ref name="latakedown film">{{cite AV media | title=L.A. Takedown | publisher=NBC | date=August 27, 1989 | people=Mann, Michael (director, writer) | medium=Television film}}</ref>

The pilot was shot in nineteen days, atypical for Mann.<ref name="lafrance blog" /> The script was shortened to almost a third of its original length, omitting many subplots that made it into ''Heat''. The network was unhappy with Plank as the lead actor, and asked Mann to recast Hanna's role. Mann declined and the show was canceled and the pilot aired on August 27, 1989, as a [[television film]] entitled ''[[L.A. Takedown]]'',<ref name="lafrance blog" /> which was eventually released on [[VHS]] and [[DVD]] in Europe.<ref name="latakedown dvd">{{cite AV media | title=L.A. Takedown | publisher=Concorde Video | date=March 19, 2008 | people=Mann, Michael (director, writer) | medium=DVD}}</ref>

==Production==
===Pre-production===
On April 5, 1994, Mann was reported to have abandoned his earlier plan to shoot a [[biopic]] of [[James Dean]] in favor of directing ''Heat'', producing it with [[Art Linson]]. The film marks the first on-screen appearance together of Al Pacino and Robert De Niro. Both actors had starred in ''[[The Godfather Part II]]'' but, owing to the film's story structure, they are not seen in the same scene.<ref name="variety prepping">{{cite news|last1=Fleming|first1=Michael|title=Mann prepping De Niro-Pacino pic|url=https://variety.com/1994/film/news/mann-prepping-de-niro-pacino-pic-119865/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=September 16, 2014|date=April 5, 1994|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719082704/https://variety.com/1994/film/news/mann-prepping-de-niro-pacino-pic-119865/|url-status=live}}</ref> Pacino and De Niro were Mann's first choices for the roles of Hanna and McCauley, respectively, and they both immediately agreed to act.<ref name="making of heat">{{cite AV media |people=Mann, Michael (Director) |date=February 22, 2005 |title=The Making of 'Heat' |medium=DVD, part of ''Heat – Two-Disc Special Edition'' |publisher=Warner Home Video}}</ref>

Mann assigned Janice Polley, a former collaborator on ''[[The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)|The Last of the Mohicans]]'', as the film's location manager, along with Lori Balton, who primarily handled scouting duties. Scouting locations lasted from August to December 1994. Mann requested locations that had not appeared on film before, in which Balton was successful—fewer than 10 of the 85 filming locations were previously used. The most challenging shooting location proved to be Los Angeles International Airport, with the film crew nearly missing the shot due to a threat to the airport by the [[Unabomber]].<ref name="lafrance blog" />

To make the long shootout more realistic, they hired British ex-[[Special Air Service]] sergeant [[Andy McNab]] as a technical weapons trainer and adviser.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thedissolve.com/features/movie-of-the-week/882-the-long-warm-up-to-heat/|title=The long warm-up to Heat|last=Klimek|first=Chris|work=[[The Dissolve]]|date=January 15, 2015|access-date=October 7, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727005754/https://thedissolve.com/features/movie-of-the-week/882-the-long-warm-up-to-heat/|archive-date=July 27, 2015}}</ref> He designed a weapons-training curriculum to train the actors for three months using live ammunition before shooting with blanks for the actual take and worked with training them for the bank robbery.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW0yebyGk-8| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211031/gW0yebyGk-8| archive-date=October 31, 2021 | url-status=live|title=Heat Shootout Behind the Scenes Feature|date=October 8, 2009|work=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
De Niro was the first cast member to receive the film script, showing it to Pacino, who also wanted to be part of the film. De Niro believed that ''Heat'' was a "very good story, had a particular feel to it, a reality and authenticity".<ref name="lafrance blog" /> In 2016, Pacino revealed that he viewed his character as having been under the influence of [[cocaine]] throughout the film.<ref name="cocaine">{{cite web |last=Stolworthy |first=Jacob |date=September 8, 2016 |title=Christopher Nolan interviewed Robert De Niro and Al Pacino about Heat |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/christopher-nolan-interview-robert-de-niro-al-pacino-michael-mann-heat-val-kilmer-dunkirk-a7231451.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220509/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/christopher-nolan-interview-robert-de-niro-al-pacino-michael-mann-heat-val-kilmer-dunkirk-a7231451.html |archive-date=May 9, 2022 |access-date=October 7, 2016 |website=[[The Independent]]}}</ref>

Mann took Kilmer, Sizemore and De Niro to [[Folsom State Prison]] to interview actual career criminals to prepare for their roles. While researching her role, Judd met several former prostitutes who became housewives.<ref name="lafrance blog" />

[[Keanu Reeves]] was offered the role of Chris Shiherlis, but he turned it down in favor of playing [[Hamlet]] at the [[Manitoba Theatre Centre]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 3, 2015 |title=Keanu Reeves: 'I felt like I was fighting for my life' |newspaper=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/john-wick/keanu-reeves-interview/}}</ref> As a result, Val Kilmer was given the role. [[Jon Bon Jovi]] also auditioned.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/music/podcasts/bon-jovi-touring-future-taylor-swift-1236033365/</ref>

===Filming===
[[Principal photography]] for ''Heat'' lasted 107 days during the summer of 1995.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hersey |first1=Will |title='Heat' at 25: The Making of a Modern Classic |date=December 27, 2020 |url=https://www.esquire.com/uk/culture/film/a34802474/heat-25-anniversary/ |publisher=Esquire |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719082703/https://www.esquire.com/uk/culture/film/a34802474/heat-25-anniversary/ |url-status=live }}</ref> All of the shooting was done on location in and around Los Angeles due to Mann's decision not to use a [[soundstage]].<ref name="lafrance blog" /> Among the key filming locations were the [[Citigroup Center (Los Angeles)|Citigroup Center]], where the bank heist and police shootout takes place, and the [[Kate Mantilini|Kate Mantilini restaurant]], which serves as the location of the meeting over coffee between Pacino and De Niro's characters.

The film's cinematographer Dante Spinotti used a combination of natural and practical lighting to capture grittiness and realism for the film. The film's visual style also captures the vastness of Los Angeles and the isolation of its characters within the urban sprawl. Mann and Spinotti often use wide shots and long takes to create a sense of scale and immersion.<ref name="cinephiliabeyond.org">{{Cite web |date=March 9, 2016 |title=Michael Mann's 'Heat': A Complex, Stylistically Supreme Candidate for One of the Most Impressive Films of the Nineties • Cinephilia & Beyond |url=https://cinephiliabeyond.org/michael-manns-heat-complex-stylistically-supreme-candidate-one-impressive-films-nineties/ |access-date=June 7, 2024 |language=en-US |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719082705/https://cinephiliabeyond.org/michael-manns-heat-complex-stylistically-supreme-candidate-one-impressive-films-nineties/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Both Al Pacino and Robert De Niro prepared extensively for their roles. They spent time with real detectives and criminals to understand their characters in depth. The diner scene with Pacino and De Niro was shot with minimal rehearsals to maintain the spontaneity and intensity of their interaction. Mann used multiple cameras to capture the scene from different angles, focusing on close-ups to highlight the tension and subtleties of each actor's performance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |title=Heat movie review & film summary (1995) {{!}} Roger Ebert |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/heat-1995 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |website=www.rogerebert.com/ |language=en |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083207/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/heat-1995 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="cinephiliabeyond.org"/>

== Soundtrack ==
{{main|Heat (soundtrack)}}

On December 19, 1995, [[Warner Bros. Records]] released a [[soundtrack album]] on [[Cassette tape|cassette]] and [[Compact disc|CD]] to accompany the film, titled ''Heat: Music from the Motion Picture''.<ref name="allmusic 2">{{cite web |last1=McDonald |first1=Steven |title=Heat: Music from the Motion Picture - Original Soundtrack |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/heat-music-from-the-motion-picture-mw0000968483 |access-date=September 11, 2014 |website=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> The album is produced by [[Matthias Gohl]]. It contains a 29-minute selection of the film score composed by [[Elliot Goldenthal]], as well as songs by other artists, such as [[U2]] and [[Brian Eno]] (collaborating as [[Passengers (side project)|Passengers]]), [[Terje Rypdal]], [[Moby]] and [[Lisa Gerrard]].

''Heat'' uses an abridged instrumental rendition of the [[Joy Division]] song "[[New Dawn Fades]]" by Moby, which is also featured in the same form on the soundtrack album. Mann reused the [[Einstürzende Neubauten]] track "Armenia" in his 1999 film ''[[The Insider (film)|The Insider]]''.<ref name="insider allmusic">{{cite web |last1=Erlewine |first1=Stephen Thomas |title=Lisa Gerrard – The Insider |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-insider-mw0000252594 |access-date=September 11, 2014 |website=[[AllMusic]] |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084511/https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-insider-mw0000252594 |url-status=live }}</ref> The film ends with Moby's "[[God Moving Over the Face of the Waters]]", a different version of which is included at the end of the soundtrack album.<ref name="track filmtracks">{{cite web |last1=Clemmensen |first1=Christian |date=August 11, 2003 |title=Heat |url=http://www.filmtracks.com/titles/heat.html |access-date=September 11, 2014 |website=[[Filmtracks.com]] |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083210/https://www.filmtracks.com/titles/heat.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Mann and Goldenthal decided on an atmospheric situation for the film soundtrack. Goldenthal uses a setup consisting of multiple guitars, which he termed "guitar orchestra", and thought that it brought the film score closer to a European style.<ref name="soundtrack interview">{{cite web |last1=Goldwasser |first1=Dan |date=January 2000 |title=The Sweet Revenge of Elliot Goldenthal |url=http://www.soundtrack.net/content/article/?id=51 |access-date=September 11, 2014 |website=[[Soundtrack.Net]] |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083104/https://www.soundtrack.net/content/article/?id=51 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Release==
===Box office===
''Heat'' was released on December 15, 1995, and opened at the box office with $8.4 million from 1,325 theaters, finishing in third place behind ''[[Jumanji]]'' and ''[[Toy Story]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122247607/toy-story-jumanji-duel-for-box/ |title='Toy Story,' 'Jumanji' duel for box office lead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404063815/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122247607/toy-story-jumanji-duel-for-box/ |date=December 19, 1995 |access-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |page=19 |publisher=[[The Sheboygan Press]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |url-status=live}} {{Open access}}</ref><ref name=Mojo1>{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1995&wknd=50&p=.htm |title=Weekend Box Office Results for December 15-17, 1995 |work=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=September 10, 2013 |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083220/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/1995W50/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It went on to earn a total gross of $67.4 million in United States, and $120 million in foreign box offices.<ref name=Mojo2>{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=heat.htm |title=Heat (1995) |work=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=September 10, 2013 |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921102226/http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=heat.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Heat'' was ranked the #25 highest-grossing film of 1995.<ref name="Mojo2" />

===Home media===
''Heat'' was released on [[VHS]] on November 12, 1996, by [[Warner Home Video]].<ref name="Tuckman">{{cite news|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=ADHB&p_theme=adhb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0ED0277BCBF23B70&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|title=Pacino and De Niro shoot up the screen in explosive 'Heat' On video|last=Tuckman|first=Jeff|date=June 21, 1996|work=[[Daily Herald (Arlington Heights)|Daily Herald]]|access-date=May 29, 2010|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083212/https://www.newslibrary.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=ADHB&p_theme=adhb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0ED0277BCBF23B70&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date%3AD&s_trackval=GooglePM|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Nichols" /> Due to its long runtime, the film had to be released on two separate cassettes.<ref name="Nichols">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/19/arts/home-video-085600.html|title=Home Video|last=Nichols|first=Peter M.|date=April 19, 1996|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=May 29, 2010}}</ref> A [[DVD]] release followed on July 27, 1999.<ref name="original DVD">{{cite AV media|people=Mann, Michael (director)|date=November 1, 1999|title=Heat|medium=DVD|publisher=Warner Home Video}}</ref> A two-disc special-edition DVD was released by [[Warner Bros. Discovery Home Entertainment|Warner Home Video]] on February 22, 2005, featuring an [[audio commentary]] by Michael Mann, [[deleted scene]]s and numerous documentaries detailing the film's production.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC - Movies - review - Collateral: Collector's Edition DVD|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2005/01/14/collateral_ce_2005_dvd_review.shtml|access-date=October 10, 2021|website=BBC|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083103/https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2005/01/14/collateral_ce_2005_dvd_review.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> This edition contains the original theatrical cut.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdcompare.net/comparisons/film.php?fid=535|title='Heat' Rewind DVD comparison|website=dvdcompare.net|access-date=July 30, 2012|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083108/http://www.dvdcompare.net/comparisons/film.php?fid=535|url-status=live}}</ref>

The initial [[Blu-ray]] release was by Warner Home Video on November 10, 2009, featuring a high-definition film transfer, supervised by Mann.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/movies.php?id=753 |title=Heat Blu-ray |website=Blu-ray.com |date=November 10, 2009 |access-date=September 11, 2014}}</ref> Among the disc extras are Mann's audio commentary, a one-hour documentary about the making of the film, and ten minutes of scenes deleted from the film.<ref name="bluray review">{{cite web|last1=Kenneth|first1=Brown|title=Heat Blu-ray Review|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Heat-Blu-ray/753/#Review|website=Blu-ray.com|access-date=September 11, 2014|date=November 4, 2009}}</ref> As well as approving the look of the transfer, Mann also recut two scenes slightly differently, referring to them as "new content changes".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hometheaterforum.com/t/294622/htf-blu-ray-review-heat |title='Heat' Home Theater Forum Blu-ray review }}</ref>

A "Director's Definitive Edition" blu-ray was released on May 9, 2017, by [[20th Century Fox Home Entertainment]], who acquired the distribution rights to the film through their part-ownership of [[Regency Enterprises|Regency]] back in 2015. Sourced from a [[4K resolution|4K]] remaster of the film supervised by Mann, the two-disc set contains all the extras from the 2009 Blu-ray, with two filmmakers panels from 2015 and 2016, one of which was moderated by [[Christopher Nolan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Heat Director's Definitive Blu-ray Edition Detailed|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=21024|website=blu-ray.com|access-date=July 25, 2017}}</ref>

A 4K [[Ultra HD Blu-ray]] Ultimate Collector's Edition of ''Heat'' that contains the Director's Definitive Edition of the film on UHD Blu-ray and Blu-ray, along with legacy bonus materials released on August 9, 2022, by [[Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment]] (under the [[20th Century Studios]] label), was released coinciding with the release date of Mann's sequel novel.<ref name="DisneyHeat">{{cite web|title=Heat (1995) 4k Blu-ray & 4k SteelBook Release Dates Finally Confirmed|url=https://hd-report.com/2022/06/08/heat-1995-4k-blu-ray-4k-steelbook-release-dates-finally-confirmed/|access-date=June 8, 2022}}</ref> Unlike the previous home media releases, the Director's Definitive Edition Blu-ray and the 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray Ultimate Collector's Edition did not feature the [[Warner Bros. Pictures]] logo at the beginning, although the in-credit closing is retained.

''Heat'' was broadcast on [[NBC]] television on January 3, 1999, in a significantly edited version. Mann had offered the network some scenes that had been filmed but omitted from the theatrical edit with hope of having the film shown in four hours (with commercials) over two nights. Instead, NBC chose to cut nearly 40 minutes from the theatrical version so that ''Heat'' could be shown in a three-hour time slot (with commercials). Mann told ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'', "They cut so much out of the movie that they destroyed the narrative of the film along with its integrity.... Too much time was taken out of the film that wasn't due to language or other content." As a result, Mann had his director's credit on the TV version replaced with the pseudonym "[[Alan Smithee]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Mann bites Peacock; just the facts for Permut |url=https://variety.com/1999/voices/columns/mann-bites-peacock-just-the-facts-for-permut-1117489876/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety.com]] |access-date=February 12, 2023 |date=January 4, 1999 |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083652/https://variety.com/1999/voices/columns/mann-bites-peacock-just-the-facts-for-permut-1117489876/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Reception==
On [[Rotten Tomatoes]], ''Heat'' holds an approval rating of 83%, based on 150 reviews and an average rating of 7.8/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Though Al Pacino and Robert De Niro share but a handful of screen minutes together, ''Heat'' is an engrossing crime drama that draws compelling performances from its stars – and confirms Michael Mann's mastery of the genre."<ref name=rt>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1068182_heat |title=Heat (1995) |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=December 20, 2023 |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083809/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/heat_1995 |url-status=live }}</ref> On [[Metacritic]], the film has a weighted average score of 76 out of 100, based on 22 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/heat |title=Heat (1995): Reviews |website=[[Metacritic]] |access-date=June 21, 2011 |archive-date=December 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205075828/http://www.metacritic.com/movie/heat |url-status=live }}</ref> Audiences polled by [[CinemaScore]] gave the film an average grade of "A−" on a scale of A+ to F.<ref name="CinemaScore">{{cite web |url=https://www.cinemascore.com/ |title=cinemascore.com |website=[[CinemaScore]] |access-date=December 15, 2018 |archive-date=January 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102130540/https://www.cinemascore.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Roger Ebert]] of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three and a half stars out of four. He described Mann's script as "uncommonly literate", with a psychological insight into the symbiotic relationship between police and criminals, and the fractured intimacy between the male and female characters: "It's not just an action picture. Above all, the dialogue is complex enough to allow the characters to say what they're thinking: They are eloquent, insightful, fanciful, poetic when necessary. They're not trapped with cliches. Of the many imprisonments possible in our world, one of the worst must be to be inarticulate – to be unable to tell another person what you really feel."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/heat-1995 |title=Heat :: Reviews |website=[[RogerEbert.com]] |date=December 15, 1995 |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719083207/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/heat-1995 |url-status=live }}</ref> Simon Cote of ''[[The Austin Chronicle]]'' called the film "one of the most intelligent crime-thrillers to come along in years", and said Pacino and De Niro's scenes together were "poignant and gripping."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.filmvault.com/filmvault/austin/h/heat1.html |title=''Heat'' |work=[[The Austin Chronicle]] |date=September 22, 1997 |access-date=April 27, 2013 |archive-date=August 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830092532/http://www.filmvault.com/filmvault/austin/h/heat1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Kenneth Turan]] of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' called the film a "sleek, accomplished piece of work, meticulously controlled and completely involving. The dark end of the street doesn't get much more inviting than this."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/heat/critic-reviews |title=Critic Reviews for Heat |website=[[Metacritic]] |access-date=April 27, 2013}}</ref> [[Todd McCarthy]] of ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' wrote, "Stunningly made and incisively acted by a large and terrific cast, Michael Mann's ambitious study of the relativity of good and evil stands apart from other films of its type by virtue of its extraordinarily rich characterizations and its thoughtful, deeply melancholy take on modern life."<ref name=var>{{cite news |url=https://variety.com/1995/film/reviews/heat-2-1200444173/ |first=Todd |last=McCarthy |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |title=Review: ''Heat'' |date=December 5, 1995 |access-date=March 27, 2014}}</ref> [[Owen Gleiberman]] of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' gave it a B− rating, saying that "Mann's action scenes ... have an existential, you-are-there jitteriness," but called the heist-planning and Hanna's investigation scenes "dry, talky."<ref name="ew review">{{cite magazine |last1=Gleiberman |first1=Owen |author-link1=Owen Gleiberman |title=Heat Review |url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,300104,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717201853/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,300104,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 17, 2007 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |access-date=September 14, 2014 |date=December 22, 1995}}</ref>

''[[Rolling Stone]]'' ranked ''Heat'' #28 on its list of "The 100 Greatest Movies of the '90s",<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Editorial staff|date=July 12, 2017|title=The 100 Greatest Movies of the Nineties|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-lists/the-100-greatest-movies-of-the-nineties-195513/|access-date=May 25, 2021|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084357/https://gum.criteo.com/syncframe?origin=publishertag&topUrl=www.rollingstone.com&us_privacy=1---&gpp=DBABBg~BUoAAAJY.QA&gpp_sid=8|url-status=live}}</ref> and ''[[The Guardian]]'' ranked it #22 on its list of "The Greatest Crime Films of All Time",<ref>{{Cite web|date=October 17, 2010|title=Heat: No 22 best crime film of all time|url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/17/heat-crime|access-date=May 25, 2021|website=The Guardian|language=en|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084301/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/17/heat-crime|url-status=live}}</ref> while other publications have noted its influence on numerous subsequent films.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Goodman|first=William|title=The Action Is the Juice: Ranking the Heat Homages|url=https://www.gq.com/story/heat-movie-robert-de-niro-al-pacino-michael-mann-homages-ranked|access-date=May 25, 2021|website=GQ|date=December 15, 2020|language=en-US|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084210/https://www.gq.com/story/heat-movie-robert-de-niro-al-pacino-michael-mann-homages-ranked|url-status=live}}</ref>

Although it did not receive any major award nominations, the film was nominated for [[Saturn Award for Best Action or Adventure Film|Best Action/Adventure Film]] and Kilmer for [[Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] at the [[Saturn Awards]] but lost to ''[[The Usual Suspects]]'' and ''[[12 Monkeys]]'' respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theenvelope.latimes.com/extras/lostmind/year/1995/1995sat.htm|title=1995 – 22nd Saturn Awards|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=September 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061017175721/http://theenvelope.latimes.com/extras/lostmind/year/1995/1995sat.htm|archive-date=October 17, 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Impact==
French gangster [[Rédoine Faïd]] told Mann at a film festival "You were my technical adviser".<ref name=bbc20180701>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-44673753 "Redoine Faid: Paris helicopter prison break for gangster"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084306/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-44673753 |date=July 19, 2024 }}, BBC News, July 1, 2018</ref> The media described later robberies as resembling scenes from ''Heat'', including armored car robberies in [[South Africa]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://free.financialmail.co.za/05/1209/leisure/fmalala.htm |title=Just Blame The Heat |website=Free.financialmail.co.za |access-date=June 21, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906230258/http://free.financialmail.co.za/05/1209/leisure/fmalala.htm |archive-date=September 6, 2008}}</ref> [[Colombia]],<ref>{{cite news |last=McDermott |first=Jeremy |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3124879.stm |title=Life imitates art in Colombia robbery |work=BBC News |date=August 5, 2003 |access-date=June 21, 2011 |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084305/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3124879.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Denmark]], and [[NOKAS robbery|Norway]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwhitelodge.no%2Fblog%2Fdet-store-kuppet%2F&sl=no&tl=en&hl=&ie=UTF-8 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120717044059/http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http://whitelodge.no/blog/det-store-kuppet/&sl=no&tl=en&hl=&ie=UTF-8 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 17, 2012 |title=The big coup |website=Translate.google.com |access-date=June 21, 2011 }}</ref> and the 1997 [[North Hollywood shootout]], in which Larry Phillips Jr. and Emil Mătăsăreanu robbed the North Hollywood branch of the [[Bank of America]] and, similarly to the film, were confronted by the [[Los Angeles Police Department|LAPD]] as they left the bank. A copy of ''Heat'' was found in the VCR at Phillips' residence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 8, 2017 |title=North Hollywood Shootout: Baptism of Fire |url=https://www.policemag.com/patrol/article/15346577/north-hollywood-shootout-baptism-of-fire |access-date=June 7, 2024 |website=Police Magazine |language=en-us |archive-date=July 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084313/https://www.policemag.com/patrol/article/15346577/north-hollywood-shootout-baptism-of-fire |url-status=live }}</ref> This shootout is one of the longest and bloodiest events of its type in American police history. Both robbers were killed, and eleven police officers and seven civilians were injured during the shootout.<ref>{{cite book|title=Digital Media, Cultural Production and Speculative Capitalism|chapter=Capital Implications: the Function of Labor in the Video Art of Juan Devis and Yoshua Okon|last=Rogers|first=Kenneth|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2013|isbn=9781317982319|page=49|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pcPhAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA49}}</ref>  ''Heat'' was widely referenced during the coverage of the shootout.<ref>{{cite book|title=Heat|last=James|first=Nick|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers]]|year=2002|isbn=9780851709383|pages=74–76|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1N10TL019j0C&pg=PA74}}</ref>

For his 2008 film ''[[The Dark Knight]]'', director [[Christopher Nolan]] drew inspiration in his portrayal of [[Gotham City]] from ''Heat'' in order "to tell a very large, city story or the story of a city".<ref name=Stax1>{{cite news | author=Stax | title=IGN interviews Christopher Nolan | url=http://movies.ign.com/articles/839/839933p1.html | work=[[IGN]] Movies | publisher=Ziff Davis | date=December 6, 2007 | access-date=June 3, 2008 | archive-date=July 28, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728044030/http://movies.ign.com/articles/839/839933p1.html | url-status=live }}</ref> In 2016, a year after the 20th anniversary of ''Heat'', Nolan moderated a Q&A session with Michael Mann and cast and crew at the [[Samuel Goldwyn Theater]].<ref name="NolanHeat">{{cite web|last1=Tapley|first1=Kristopher|title=Christopher Nolan Talks Michael Mann's 'Heat' With Cast and Crew at the Academy|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/in-contention/heat-christopher-nolan-michael-mann-al-pacino-robert-de-niro-academy-1201854410/|website=Variety|access-date=September 4, 2018|date=September 7, 2016|archive-date=February 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207112611/http://variety.com/2016/film/in-contention/heat-christopher-nolan-michael-mann-al-pacino-robert-de-niro-academy-1201854410/|url-status=live}}</ref>

''Heat'' was one of the inspirations behind the highly influential 2001 video game ''[[Grand Theft Auto III]]''<ref>{{cite book |last=Kushner |first=David |title=[[Jacked: The Outlaw Story of Grand Theft Auto]] |date=April 3, 2012 |publisher=[[Turner Publishing Company]] |isbn=978-0-4709-3637-5 |pages=82 |author-link=David Kushner (writer)}}</ref> as well as the 2008 sequel ''[[Grand Theft Auto IV]]'', notably the mission "Three Leaf Clover", which was inspired by the climactic bank robbery and police shootout,<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.thegamer.com/gta4-three-leaf-clover-bank-heist-mission/|title = GTA Missions Don't Get Much Better Than Three Leaf Clover|date = November 22, 2021|access-date = February 9, 2022|archive-date = July 19, 2024|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240719084216/https://www.thegamer.com/gta4-three-leaf-clover-bank-heist-mission/|url-status = live}}</ref> and the 2013 sequel ''[[Grand Theft Auto V]]'', notably the mission "Blitz Play" where the crew blocks and then knocks over an armored car in order to rob it.<ref name="gamspot">{{cite web|last1=Petit|first1=Carolyn|title=Taking Scores: Heat and Grand Theft Auto V|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/taking-scores-heat-and-grand-theft-auto-v/1100-6414987/|website=[[GameSpot]]|access-date=October 13, 2016|date=October 8, 2013|archive-date=September 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907105755/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/taking-scores-heat-and-grand-theft-auto-v/1100-6414987/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Director [[Mia Hansen-Løve]] has said she is "obsessed" with ''Heat'' and said "the themes of ''Heat'', actually, are themes of my films, except in a very different way, in a very different world".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Newman |first1=Nick |title=Mia Hansen-Løve on Abbas Kiarostami, Her Obsession With 'Heat,' and the Meaning of 'Things to Come' |date=November 30, 2016 |url=https://thefilmstage.com/mia-hansen-love-on-abbas-kiarostami-her-obsession-with-heat-and-the-meaning-of-things-to-come/ |access-date=July 22, 2022|website=thefilmstage.com}}</ref>

==Subsequent works ==
{{Further|Heat 2}}
On March 16, 2016, Mann announced that he was developing a ''Heat'' [[prequel]] novel, as a part of launching his company Michael Mann Books.<ref name="Novel_Deadline">{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2016/03/michael-mann-heat-prequel-novel-michael-mann-books-publishing-imprint-1201721330/|title=Michael Mann Launches Book Imprint; 'Heat' Prequel Novel A Priority|website=Deadline Hollywood|last=Fleming|first=Mike Jr.|date=March 16, 2016|access-date=April 17, 2020|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719085121/https://deadline.com/2016/03/michael-mann-heat-prequel-novel-michael-mann-books-publishing-imprint-1201721330/|url-status=live}}</ref> On April 27, 2017, [[Reed Farrel Coleman]] joined the project as co-author.<ref name="Novel_Deadline2">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2017/04/heat-prequel-novel-michael-mann-reed-farrel-coleman-co-writing-robert-deniro-al-pacino-1202078228/|title=Michael Mann Sets Bestselling Author Reed Farrel Coleman to Co-Write 'Heat' Prequel Novel|date=April 27, 2017|website=Deadline|access-date=January 20, 2022|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719085149/https://deadline.com/2017/04/heat-prequel-novel-michael-mann-reed-farrel-coleman-co-writing-robert-deniro-al-pacino-1202078228/|url-status=live}}</ref> On May 15, 2020, Mann stated that the novel would function as both a prequel and a sequel, with plot taking place before and after the film's main events.<ref name="Novel_SF">{{Cite web|date=May 15, 2020|title=Michael Mann Wants to Turn His 'Heat' Prequel Novel Into a Movie, And Make a Sequel, Too|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/heat-prequel-and-sequel/|access-date=July 10, 2020|website=/Film|language=en-US|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719085714/https://gum.criteo.com/syncframe?origin=criteoPrebidAdapter&topUrl=www.slashfilm.com&gpp=|url-status=live}}</ref> By January 19, 2022, it was revealed that the novel would be a collaboration between Mann and [[Meg Gardiner]]; it was subsequently released in August 2022. The title is ''Heat 2.''<ref name="Novel_Deadline3">{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2022/01/heat-sequel-prequel-novel-michael-mann-august-9-publish-date-william-morrow-al-pacino-robert-deniro-1234914977/|title='Heat' Fans Rejoice: Michael Mann & Meg Gardiner Novel 'Heat 2' Has August 9 Pub Date And Will Detail Lives Of Characters Before & After 1995 Crime Classic|website=Deadline Hollywood|last=Fleming|first=Mike Jr.|date=January 19, 2022|access-date= January 19, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Review of Heat 2 novel |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2022/08/09/heat-2-michael-mann-review/}}</ref>

In September 2019, Michael Mann stated that he intends to produce an adaptation of the novel, acknowledging film and television as possible mediums for release.<ref name="Adaptation_Esquire">{{Cite news|title=Michael Mann says 'Heat 2' sequel is on the cards|url=https://www.esquireme.com/content/38450-michael-mann-says-heat-2-sequel-is-on-the-cards|access-date=July 10, 2020|newspaper=Esquire Middle East – the Region's Best Men's Magazine|date=September 2019 |language=en|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719085712/https://www.esquireme.com/culture/film-and-tv/38450-michael-mann-says-heat-2-sequel-is-on-the-cards|url-status=live}}</ref> By July 5, 2022, Mann reaffirmed his plans to adapt the novel follow-up into a feature film, while stating that the principal cast from the first installment may be recast for the adaptation.<ref name="Sequel_Empire">{{cite web|url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/michael-mann-heat-2-movie-exclusive/|work=Esquire|title=Michael Mann Wants To Make Heat 2 As A Movie – Exclusive|author=Travis, Ben|date=July 5, 2022|accessdate=July 6, 2022|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719085841/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/michael-mann-heat-2-movie-exclusive/|url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2023, it was reported that the sequel was in development, with [[Adam Driver]] in talks to play young McCauley.<ref>{{cite web|title=Michael Mann Eyeing ''Heat 2'' As Next Film With Warner Bros In Negotiations With Director To Board Sequel; Adam Driver In Talks With Mann To Play Young Neil McCauley|url=https://deadline.com/2023/04/michael-mann-heat-2-warner-bros-adam-driver-young-neil-mccauley-1235316777/|website=Deadline Hollywood|last=Kroll|first=Justin|date=April 3, 2023|access-date=April 4, 2023|archive-date=May 20, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520000320/https://deadline.com/2023/04/michael-mann-heat-2-warner-bros-adam-driver-young-neil-mccauley-1235316777/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2023/10/michael-mann-heat-2-next-movie-adam-driver-neil-mccauley-ferrari-1235568226/|title=Michael Mann Confirms 'Heat 2' As Next Movie & Comments On Potential Reteam With Adam Driver|date=October 9, 2023|publisher=deadline|access-date=October 10, 2023|archive-date=July 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719085837/https://deadline.com/2023/10/michael-mann-heat-2-next-movie-adam-driver-neil-mccauley-ferrari-1235568226/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Heist film]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0113277}}
* {{mojo title|heat}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|1068182-heat}}
* {{Metacritic film}}
* [http://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/onlinessays/JC43folder/Heat.html Heat. Work and genre] Jump Cut magazine, by J. A. Lindstrom, no. 43, July 2000, pp.&nbsp;21–37
* [https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/27/movies/de-niro-and-pacino-star-in-a-film-together.html De Niro and Pacino Star in a Film. Together], from ''[[The New York Times]]''

{{Michael Mann}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Heat (1995 Film)}}
[[Category:1995 films]]
[[Category:1995 action films]]
[[Category:1995 crime drama films]]
[[Category:1990s heist films]]
[[Category:1990s police films]]
[[Category:American crime drama films]]
[[Category:American gangster films]]
[[Category:American heist films]]
[[Category:American neo-noir films]]
[[Category:American police detective films]]
[[Category:Films about the Los Angeles Police Department]]
[[Category:Films about bank robbery]]
[[Category:Films about organized crime in the United States]]
[[Category:Films directed by Michael Mann]]
[[Category:Films produced by Art Linson]]
[[Category:Films produced by Michael Mann]]
[[Category:Films scored by Elliot Goldenthal]]
[[Category:Films set in Koreatown, Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Films set in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Films shot in California]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Michael Mann]]
[[Category:Village Roadshow Pictures films]]
[[Category:Regency Enterprises films]]
[[Category:Warner Bros. films]]
[[Category:1990s English-language films]]
[[Category:1990s American films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:English-language crime drama films]]