Editing Hayden, Arizona

{{Short description|Town in Gila and Pinal Counties, Arizona}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
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{{Infobox settlement
 | official_name            = Hayden, Arizona
 | settlement_type          = [[Town]]
 | nickname                 = 
 | motto                    =

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 | image_skyline            = Welcome to Hayden, Arizona.jpg
 | image_caption            = Welcome to Hayden, August 2019
 | image_flag               = 
 | image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
 | pushpin_map              = Arizona#USA
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<!-- Location -->
 | subdivision_type         = [[List of countries|Country]]
 | subdivision_name         = United States
 | subdivision_type1        = [[US state|State]]
 | subdivision_name1        = [[Arizona]]
 | subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Arizona|County]]
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Gila County, Arizona|Gila]]

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 | leader_title             = 
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<!-- Area -->
 | unit_pref                = Imperial
 | area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_04.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
 | area_magnitude           = 
 | area_total_km2           = 3.30
 | area_land_km2            = 3.28
 | area_water_km2           = 0.02
 | area_total_sq_mi         = 1.27
 | area_land_sq_mi          = 1.26
 | area_water_sq_mi         = 0.01

<!-- Population -->
 | population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
 | population_footnotes     = 
 | population_total         = 512
 | population_density_km2   = 156.23
 | population_density_sq_mi = 404.74

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 | timezone                 = [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|MST]] (no [[Daylight saving time|DST]])
 | utc_offset               = -7
 | elevation_footnotes      = 
 | elevation_m              = 
 | elevation_ft             = 2044
 | coordinates              = {{coord|33|00|17|N|110|47|07|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}

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 | postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
 | postal_code              = 85135<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zipdatamaps.com/85135|title=Hayden AZ ZIP Code|publisher=zipdatamaps.com|year=2023|access-date=May 3, 2023}}</ref>
 | area_code                = [[Area code 520|520]]
 | blank_name               = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
 | blank_info               = 5646<ref name=GNIS1>{{gnis|5646|Hayden}}</ref>
 | blank1_name              = 
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 | website                  = {{URL|http://www.townofhaydenaz.gov/}}
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}}
[[File:Hayden-Valley National Bank-1912-Now Police Dept.jpg|thumb|Former [[Valley National Bank]] building, built 1912]]
}}
'''Hayden''' is a town in [[Gila County, Arizona|Gila]] and [[Pinal County, Arizona|Pinal]] counties in [[Arizona]], United States.<ref name=GNIS1/> According to the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], the population of the town was 662.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 23, 2014}}</ref>

==History==
Hayden was founded in 1909 and owned by the [[Kennecott Utah Copper|Kennecott Copper]] Corp. In 1912, the company built a {{convert|1000|ft|m|abbr=on|adj=on}} smelter named the "Hayden Smelter". It was the tallest smelter chimney in Arizona.<ref name="OMTH">{{cite web | url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona/2017/04/24/old-mining-town-hayden-sees-its-last-days/100765600 | title=Old mining town of Hayden sees its last days | website=AZ Central | date=April 24, 2017 | access-date=December 4, 2021}}</ref><ref name="AAMT">[https://markhahnphotography.wordpress.com/2012/12/12/hayden-arizona-all-american-mining-town/ Hayden Arizona all American mining town]</ref> The mine is now owned by the [[Asarco|American Smelting and Refining Company]].<ref>[https://www.discovergilacounty.com/hayden Historic Mining Town Arizona Copper]</ref> The town is now in the process of becoming a ghost town.

One of the main reasons the people are abandoning the town is that the crime rate is much higher in Hayden than the Arizona average crime rate. It is also much higher than the national average crime rate in the rest of the United States.<ref>[http://www.usa.com/hayden-az-crime-and-crime-rate.htm Hayden, AZ Crime and Crime Rate]</ref>

Pollution is another factor which has contributed to the abandonment of the town by its residents. The illegal amounts of lead, arsenic and eight other dangerous compounds released by the smelter were so huge that in 2011, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took action against the smelter.<ref>[http://www.echoesofthesouthwest.com/2013/02/arizona-mine-town-hayden.html Arizona Mine Town: Hayden]</ref>

Hayden's economy began to decline as the mine veins became depleted. The crime rate rose and residents began to move out. There were also political scandals.<ref name="OMTH"/><ref name="AAMT"/>  Businesses closed, and churches, schools and houses were abandoned or burned. The Valley National Bank abandoned its building, and it now occupied by the Hayden Police Department. According to the mayor, Bob Smith, Hayden has more police cars than police officers.<ref name="OMTH"/><ref name="AAMT"/>

==Geography==
Hayden is adjacent to [[Winkelman, Arizona|Winkelman]]. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|1.3|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1940= 1577
|1950= 1494
|1960= 1760
|1970= 1283
|1980= 1205
|1990= 909
|2000= 892
|2010= 662
|2020= 512
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}

At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]] there were 892 people, 288 households, and 222 families living in the town. The population density was {{convert|707.1|pd/sqmi}}. There were 334 housing units at an average density of {{convert|264.8|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2000 census|racial makeup]] of the town was 57.0% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 1.7% Native American, 0.6% Pacific Islander, 35.1% from other races, and 5.3% from two or more races. 84.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
Of the 288 households, 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 21.5% of households were one person and 9.0% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.56.

The age distribution was 33.2% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 20.5% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% 65 or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.6 males.

The median household income was $24,293 and the median family income was $26,964. Males had a median income of $35,521 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the town was $9,797. About 20.1% of families and 27.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 35.2% of those under age 18 and 14.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Economy==
The economic base of Hayden's economy is the Asarco [[Hayden Smelter]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110318122610/http://www.asarco.com/about-us/our-locations/hayden-operations/ ASACO GRUPO MEXICO-Hayden Operations]</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Dick Tuck]] (1924–2018), politician consultant, was born in Hayden.<ref>'Dick Tuck, Democratic prankster who targeted Nixon, dies at 94,' '''The Washington Post,''' Tom Hamburger, May 29, 2018</ref>

==See also==
{{portal|Arizona}}
* [[List of towns in Arizona]]

==References==
{{reflist|22em}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Hayden, Arizona}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091028051519/http://www.geocities.com/~zybt/kehist.htm History of Hayden] (scroll down)
* [https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2011/11/17/142439081/epa-takes-action-against-toxic-arizona-copper-plant EPA Takes Action Against Toxic Arizona Copper Plant], NPR story on Hayden, with video

{{Gila County, Arizona}}
{{Pinal County, Arizona}}

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[[Category:Towns in Gila County, Arizona]]
[[Category:Towns in Pinal County, Arizona]]
[[Category:Mining communities in Arizona]]