Editing Hautes-Pyrénées

{{short description|Department of France in Occitanie}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = Hautes-Pyrénées
| native_name             = {{native name|oc|Hauts Pirenèus}}<br>{{native name|es|Altos Pirineos}}<br>{{native name|ca|Alts Pirineus}}
| native_name_lang        = fr
| type                    = [[Departments of France|Department of France]]
| image_skyline           = Préfecture des Hautes-Pyrénées.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefectures in France|Prefecture]] building in [[Tarbes]]
| image_flag              = Proposed flag for Hautes-Pyrénées.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason dpt fr HautesPyrenees.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Hautes-Pyrénées-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location of Hautes-Pyrénées in France
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{Coord|43|14|0|N|0|4|5|E|region:FR-65_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = [[France]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions of France|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Occitania (administrative region)|Occitania]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefectures in France|Prefecture]]
| seat                    = [[Tarbes]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefectures in France|Subprefectures]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Argelès-Gazost]]<br>[[Bagnères-de-Bigorre]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Radical Party of the Left|PRG]]
| leader_title            = [[List of presidents of departmental councils (France)|President of the Departmental Council]]
| leader_name             = [[Michel Pélieu]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux |url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/601ef073-d986-4582-8e1a-ed14dc857fba |website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises |date=4 May 2022 |language=fr |access-date=14 July 2022 |archive-date=13 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213042708/https://static.data.gouv.fr/resources/repertoire-national-des-elus-1/20231130-131054/elus-conseillers-departementaux-cd.csv |url-status=live }}</ref>
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 4464
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_total        = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_as_of        = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes2}}
| population_rank         = [[List of French departments by population|86th]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Departments of France|Department number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 65
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements of France|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements of the Hautes-Pyrénées department|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in France|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons of the Hautes-Pyrénées department|17]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in France|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes of the Hautes-Pyrénées department|469]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = FR-65
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}

'''Hautes-Pyrénées''' ({{IPA|fr|ot piʁene|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-Hautes-Pyrénées.wav}}; [[Gascon language|Gascon]]/[[Occitan language|Occitan]]: ''Nauts Pirenèus / Hauts Pirenèus'' ['awts piɾeˈnɛʊs]; {{langx|es|Altos Pirineos}}; {{langx|ca|Alts Pirineus}} ['alts piɾiˈneʊs]; ) is a [[departments of France|department]] in the [[Regions of France|region]] of [[Occitania (administrative region)|Occitania]], southwestern France. The department is bordered by [[Pyrénées-Atlantiques]] to the west, [[Gers]] to the north, [[Haute-Garonne]] to the east, as well by the Spanish [[province of Huesca]] in the autonomous community of [[Aragon]] to the south. In 2019, its population was 229,567;<ref name=pop2019>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6011060/dep65.pdf Populations légales 2019: 65 Hautes-Pyrénées] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105145042/https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6011060/dep65.pdf |date=2022-01-05 }}, INSEE</ref> its [[Prefectures in France|prefecture]] is [[Tarbes]]. It is named after the [[Pyrenees]] mountain range.

==History==
Historically the area broadly covered by the ''département'' known as [[Bigorre]], a territory at times independent but later part of [[Gascony]] [[Provinces of France|province]]. Large parts of the area were held by the English after the [[Treaty of Brétigny]], 1360. In the 16th century, it was part of the [[Huguenot]] domain of the monarchs of [[Navarre]], brought to France by [[Henry IV of France|Henri IV]]. For its early history, see [[Bigorre]] and [[Gascony]].

The ''département'' of Hautes-Pyrénées was created at the time of the [[French Revolution]], on 4 March 1790, through the influence of French politician [[Bertrand Barère]], a member of the [[National Convention|Convention]].

==Geography==
[[File:Hautes Pyrenees topographic map-fr.svg|thumb|left|Map of the Hautes-Pyrénées]]
Hautes-Pyrénées consists of several distinct geographical areas. The southern portion, along the border with Spain, consists of mountains such as the [[Vignemale]], the [[Pic du Midi de Bigorre]], and the [[Neouvielle]] and [[Arbizon]] ranges. A second area consists of low-altitude rolling hills. The northern part of the ''[[département]]'' consists of largely flat agricultural land. Hautes-Pyrénées has two small territorial [[exclave]]s—a remnant from the [[Middle Ages]]—located within the neighboring ''département'' of [[Pyrénées-Atlantiques]]. The southern part of the department is sparsely populated and typically have higher elevations while the northern part of the department  is highly urbanised and typically have lower elevations than the southern part.

===Principal towns===

The greater [[Tarbes]] area is the economic and administrative focus of the ''département'', while [[Lourdes]], the second-biggest city in Hautes-Pyrénées, is dedicated almost exclusively to the religious [[pilgrimage]] industry. As of 2019, there are 7 communes with more than 5,000 inhabitants:<ref name=pop2019/>
{| class=wikitable
! Commune
! Population (2019)
|-
| [[Tarbes]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 42,758
|-
| [[Lourdes]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 13,132
|-
| [[Aureilhan, Hautes-Pyrénées|Aureilhan]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 7,864
|-
| [[Bagnères-de-Bigorre]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 7,085
|-
| [[Lannemezan]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 5,816
|-
| [[Bordères-sur-l'Échez]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 5,357
|-
| [[Séméac]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 5,085
|}

== Demographics ==
Population development since 1801:{{historical populations|cols=2|align=none|percentages=pagr|footnote=Sources:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://splaf.free.fr/65his.html |title=Historique des Hautes-Pyrénées |website=Le SPLAF |access-date=2022-07-05 |archive-date=2022-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127145919/http://splaf.free.fr/65his.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4176909?geo=DEP-65 |title=Évolution et structure de la population en 2016 |publisher=INSEE |access-date=2022-07-11 |archive-date=2022-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711090107/https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4176909?geo=DEP-65 |url-status=live }}</ref>|graph-pos=bottom
|13=1801|14=174,721|15=1806|16=198,763|17=1821|18=212,077|19=1831|20=233,031|21=1841|22=244,196|23=1851|24=251,285|25=1861|26=240,179|27=1872|28=235,156|29=1881|30=236,472|31=1891|32=225,861|33=1901|34=215,546|35=1911|36=206,105|37=1921|38=185,760|39=1931|40=189,993|41=1936|42=188,604|43=1946|44=201,954|45=1954|46=203,544|47=1962|48=211,433|49=1968|50=225,730|51=1975|52=227,222|53=1982|54=227,922|55=1990|56=224,759|57=1999|58=222,368|59=2006|60=227,736|61=2011|62=229,228|63=2016|64=227,829}}

==Politics==

The president of the Departmental Council is Michel Pélieu, first elected in 2011.

===Current National Assembly Representatives===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan="2"|Constituency!!Member<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/ |title=Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français |first=Assemblée |last=Nationale |website=Assemblée nationale |access-date=2022-05-14 |archive-date=2022-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514201102/https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/ |url-status=live }}</ref>!!Party
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|En Marche!}}" |
| [[Hautes-Pyrénées's 1st constituency]]
| [[Jean-Bernard Sempastous]]
| [[La République En Marche!]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|Radical Party of the Left}}" |
| [[Hautes-Pyrénées's 2nd constituency]]
| [[Jeanine Dubié]]
| [[Radical Party of the Left]]
|}

== Tourism ==
The Western Pyrenees National Park covers a significant area, and includes well-known attractions such as the [[Cirque de Gavarnie]] and the [[Pont d'Espagne]]. The entire area is a favorite destination of hikers and mountain enthusiasts.

The area has been known perhaps since Antiquity for its hot springs, and several towns were built around these, most notably [[Cauterets]], [[Luz-Saint-Sauveur]] and [[Bagnères-de-Bigorre]].

A notable lake in the area is [[Lac Bleu d'Ilhéou]], southwest of [[Cauterets]].

There are a number of popular ski resorts in Hautes-Pyrénées such as [[Barèges]]-[[La Mongie]], [[Gavarnie]], [[Luz-Ardiden]], [[Cauterets]], [[Hautacam]], [[Piau-Engaly]] and [[Saint-Lary-Soulan]].

The area is a nearly-permanent fixture on the Tour de France's itinerary, with significantly difficult passes such as the [[Col du Tourmalet|Tourmalet]], the [[Col d'Aubisque|Aubisque]] and the [[Col du Soulor|Soulor]].

A jazz festival is held each year in [[Luz-Saint-Sauveur]]: Jazz a Luz. Tarbes hosts an annual horse festival, Equestria, and a Tango festival, Tarbes en Tango.{{cn|date=January 2025}}

<gallery>
File:Lourdes Sanctuaires 01.jpg|[[Lourdes]] sanctuary
File:Picdumidi.jpg|[[Pic du Midi de Bigorre]]
File:Le Vignemale.jpg|[[Vignemale]]
File:Lac du Milieu de Bastan Hautes Pyrénées 02 BLS.JPG|Middle of Lake Bastan, shortly before sunset
File:Gavarnie-Cirque.JPG|[[Cirque de Gavarnie]]
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Cantons of the Hautes-Pyrénées department]]
* [[Communes of the Hautes-Pyrénées department]]
* [[Arrondissements of the Hautes-Pyrénées department]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{in lang|fr}} [https://www.hautespyrenees.fr/ Departmental Council of Hautes-Pyrénées website]
* {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.hautes-pyrenees.gouv.fr/ Prefecture website]
* [http://www.pyrenees-parcnational.fr/fr Pyrenees National Park]
* {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.pyrenees360.fr/index.php?/category/panoramas-des-hautes-pyrenees Photography Panoramics 360° website]

{{Departments of France}}
{{Authority control}}

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[[Category:Hautes-Pyrénées| ]]
[[Category:1790 establishments in France]]
[[Category:Departments of Occitania (administrative region)]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1790]]