Editing Gypsum, Kansas

{{Short description|City in Saline County, Kansas}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2013}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Gypsum, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            =
|image_caption            =
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Saline_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Gypsum_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Saline County, Kansas|Saline County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Saline Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Saline County, Kansas|Saline County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|38|42|20|N|97|25|41|W|region:US-KS_type:city_source:GNIS|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Saline County, Kansas|Saline]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1800s
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1887
|named_for                = [[Gypsum Creek]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.37
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.37
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_total_km2           = 0.97
|area_land_km2            = 0.97
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft             = 1227

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 400
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 67448
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 785|785]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = {{FIPS|20|29250}}<ref name="GNIS"/>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 476963<ref name="GNIS">{{cite gnis2|476963|Gypsum, Kansas}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://www.sites.google.com/site/cityofgypsum/|City Website}}
}}

'''Gypsum''' is a city in [[Saline County, Kansas|Saline County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 400.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Gypsum, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2029250 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=November 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113200131/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2029250 |archive-date=November 13, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Stouffer's Railroad Map of Kansas 1915-1918 Saline County.png|thumb|left|1915 Railroad Map of [[Saline County, Kansas|Saline County]]]]

===Early history===
{{See also|History of Kansas}}
For many [[millennia]], the [[Great Plains]] of [[North America]] was inhabited by [[nomadic]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]].  From the 16th century to 18th century, the [[Kingdom of France]] claimed ownership of large parts of [[North America]].  In 1762, after the [[French and Indian War]], France secretly ceded [[New France]] to [[Spain]], per the [[Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762)|Treaty of Fontainebleau]].

===19th century===
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France.  In 1803, most of the land for [[History of Kansas|modern day Kansas]] was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile [[Louisiana Purchase]] for 2.83 [[Penny (United States coin)|cents]] per [[acre]].

In 1854, the [[Kansas Territory]] was organized, then in 1861 [[Kansas]] became the 34th [[U.S. state]].  In 1860, [[Saline County, Kansas|Saline County]] was established within the [[Kansas Territory]], which included the land for modern day Gypsum.

The community was founded as a [[Templers (religious believers)|Templer community]] called '''Tempelfeld'''.<ref>[http://home.vicnet.net.au/~tempsoc/webdoc3.htm History of the Temple Society] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604231949/http://home.vicnet.net.au/~tempsoc/webdoc3.htm |date=June 4, 2011 }}.</ref> '''Gypsum''' was named after [[Gypsum Creek]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ODXKhgH3e6AC&pg=PA57 | title=Exploring Kansas Highways | author=Heim, Michael | year=2007 | pages=57| publisher=Exploring America's Highway | isbn=9780974435886 }}</ref>  The Gypsum post office has operated under that name since 1886.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/county:SA |title=Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961 |publisher=Kansas Historical Society |access-date=23 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009134514/http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/county:SA |archive-date=October 9, 2013 }}</ref>

==Geography==
Gypsum is located at {{coord|38|42|18|N|97|25|37|W|type:city}} (38.705118, -97.426876).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.36|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all  land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=June 6, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 12, 2012 |df=mdy }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1890= 530
|1900= 552
|1910= 623
|1920= 732
|1930= 638
|1940= 615
|1950= 523
|1960= 593
|1970= 391
|1980= 423
|1990= 365
|2000= 414
|2010= 405
|2020= 400
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
It is part of the [[Salina, Kansas|Salina]] [[Salina micropolitan area|Micropolitan Statistical Area]].<ref>{{Cite web| last = Nussle| first = Jim| publisher = Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President| title = Micropolitan Statistical Areas| page = 97| work = List 1-9| date = November 20, 2008| access-date = April 2, 2010| url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/omb/assets/omb/bulletins/fy2009/09-01.pdf | format = [[PDF]] format}}</ref>
===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 400 people, 173 households, and 101 families in Gypsum.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 1,069.5 per square mile (412.9/km{{sup|2}}). There were 188 housing units at an average density of 502.7 per square mile (194.1/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 86.75% (347) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (85.75% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 5.75% (23) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 0.0% (0) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.5% (2) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% (0) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 0.75% (3) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.25% (25) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 3.25% (13) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 173 households, 30.6% had children under the age of 18; 38.2% were married couples living together; 27.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 33.5% of households consisted of individuals and 16.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.4 and the average family size was 2.9.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 10.2% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

26.5% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 24.5% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.6 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 107.0 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $53,036 (with a margin of error of +/- $22,256) and the median family income was $66,875 (+/- $19,232).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $40,833 (+/- $12,432) versus $26,250 (+/- $8,925) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $31,620 (+/- $7,226).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 4.6% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 8.7% of those under the age of 18 and 7.0% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Gypsum%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 6, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 405 people, 162 households, and 111 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1125.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 187 housing units at an average density of {{convert|519.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.6% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.5% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.0% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.0% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.7% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.5% of the population.

There were 162 households, of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.5% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.97.

The median age in the city was 39.9 years. 26.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.5% were from 25 to 44; 27.7% were from 45 to 64; and 14.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.2% male and 52.8% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website |df=mdy }}</ref> of 2000, there were 414 people, 158 households, and 111 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|956.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 179 housing units at an average density of {{convert|413.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.17% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.21% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.24% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 3.38% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.97% of the population.

There were 158 households, out of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.7% were non-families. 25.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,833, and the median income for a family was $34,375. Males had a median income of $27,000 versus $17,386 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,440. About 4.1% of families and 6.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 3.5% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.

==Government==
The Gypsum government consists of a mayor and five council members.  The council meets the 2nd Monday of each month at 7 pm.<ref name="gov1">[http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=275 Gypsum - Directory of Public Officials] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824004906/http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=275 |date=August 24, 2011 }}</ref>

==Education==
The community is served by [[Southeast of Saline USD 306]] public school district.  The [[Southeast of Saline Secondary School|Southeast of Saline High School]] mascot is the Trojans.

Gypsum schools were closed through school unification. The Gypsum High School mascot was Pirates.<ref>"The good ole days", The Salina Journal, 1 December 1994, p.17.</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Steve Fritz]] (b. 1967), fourth place in 1996 Olympic decathlon, assistant coach for the Kansas State University track and field team for 21 years.
* [[Bill Wheatley]] (1909-1992), basketball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics with the American basketball team that won a gold medal.
* [[Frank Wilkeson]] (1848-1913), ''New York Times'' journalist and [[Washington (state)|Washington]] explorer who owned a large ranch in Gypsum for nearly forty years.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}}
* JD Andrew (b. 1973) sound engineer and musician; member of The Boxmasters with Billy Bob Thornton.

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Saline County, Kansas]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{See also|Saline County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Saline County, Kansas}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Gypsum, Kansas}}
* {{Official website|https://www.sites.google.com/site/cityofgypsum/}}
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/Default.asp?id=41260739 Gypsum - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/gypsum.PDF Gypsum city map], KDOT

{{Saline County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Year of establishment missing]]
[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Saline County, Kansas]]
[[Category:Salina, Kansas micropolitan area]]
[[Category:1886 establishments in Kansas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1886]]