Editing Gwinn, Michigan

{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Gwinn, Michigan
|settlement_type          = [[Census-designated place]] (CDP) & [[Unincorporated area|unincorporated community]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Gwinn Model Town Historic District 2009a.jpg
|imagesize                = 275
|image_caption            = Street scene in downtown Gwinn
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|pushpin_map              = Michigan#USA
|pushpin_label_position   = right<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_label            = Gwinn
|pushpin_map_caption      = 
|pushpin_mapsize          = 
|image_map                = Gwinn (community), MI location.png
|mapsize                  = 250
|map_caption              = Location within [[Marquette County, Michigan|Marquette County]]

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Michigan]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Michigan|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Marquette County, Michigan|Marquette]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[Civil township|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        = [[Forsyth Township, Michigan|Forsyth]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1907

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2022">{{cite web |title=2022 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Michigan |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2022_Gazetteer/2022_gaz_place_26.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 16, 2023}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 7.57
|area_land_km2            = 7.28
|area_water_km2           = 0.29
|area_total_sq_mi         = 2.92
|area_land_sq_mi          = 2.81
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.11

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=&g=1600000US2635760&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1| title=P1. Race – Gwinn CDP, Michigan: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| access-date=August 16, 2023}}</ref>
|population_total         = 1784
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
|population_density_km2   = 244.91
|population_density_sq_mi = 634.42

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis>{{gnis|627559}}</ref>
|elevation_m              = 335
|elevation_ft             = 1099
|coordinates              = {{coord|46|16|52|N|87|26|27|W|region:US-MI_type:adm2nd_source:GNIS|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]
|postal_code              = 49841
|area_code                = [[Area code 906|906]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 26-35760<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 627559<ref name=gnis/>
|website                  = 
|footnotes                = 
 {{Infobox NRHP
 | name = Gwinn Model Town Historic District
 | embed = yes
 | nrhp_type = hd 
 | nocat = yes
 | location= Including most of the original plat of Gwinn and surrounding greenbelt, [[Forsyth Township, Michigan]]
 | locmapin = 
 | area =
 | built = 1907
 | architect = [[Warren Manning]], D. Fred Charlton
 | architecture = [[American Craftsman|Bungalow/Craftsman]], Cleveland-Cliff Iron Co. dup
 | added = June 24, 2002
 | refnum = 00000286<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2009a}}</ref>
 | designated_other1 = Michigan
 }}
}}

'''Gwinn''' is an [[Unincorporated area|unincorporated community]] in [[Marquette County, Michigan|Marquette County]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Michigan]]. It is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) for statistical purposes and has no legal status as an incorporated municipality. The population of the CDP was 1,784 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020"/> The community is located within [[Forsyth Township, Michigan|Forsyth Township]].<ref name=gnis/>

The CDP includes the nearby communities of Austin to the west and New Swanzy to the east. It is located along [[M-35 (Michigan highway)|M-35]] near the forks of the east and middle branches of the [[Escanaba River]]. The Gwinn 49841 [[ZIP Code]] serves a much larger area, including most of Forsyth Township, as well as portions of [[Turin Township, Michigan|Turin Township]] to the east, [[Wells Township, Marquette County, Michigan|Wells]] and [[Ewing Township, Michigan|Ewing]] townships to the south, [[Tilden Township, Michigan|Tilden Township]] to the west, and [[Richmond Township, Marquette County, Michigan|Richmond]], [[Sands Township, Michigan|Sands]], and [[West Branch Township, Marquette County, Michigan|West Branch]] townships to the north.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/tigerweb/| title=TIGERweb: 49841 5-Digit ZCTA| publisher=Geography Division, U.S. Census Bureau| access-date=August 16, 2023}}</ref>

== History ==
[[Image:Gwinn Model Town Historic District 2009c.jpg|left|thumb|Houses near downtown Gwinn]]
[[Image:Gwinn Model Town Historic District 2009d.jpg|left|thumb|Police station in downtown Gwinn]]
[[Image:Gwinn Model Town Historic District 2009e.jpg|left|thumb|Building near river in downtown Gwinn]]
The area was acquired by the [[Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company]] (CCI) in 1902, which opened the Gwinn Mine in 1905.<ref name="Romig">{{cite book | last = Romig | first = Walter | year = 1986 | title = Michigan Place Names | orig-year= 1973 | publisher = Wayne State University Press | location = Detroit, Michigan | isbn = 0-8143-1838-X}}</ref> In 1906, the president of CCI, [[William Gwinn Mather]], commissioned the well-known Boston landscape designer [[Warren H. Manning]] to design a residential community to support the mining operations.<ref name = "state">[http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/70078.htm Gwinn Model Town Historic District] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606153101/http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/70078.htm |date=2011-06-06 }} from the state of Michigan, retrieved 12/22/09</ref> Mather named the community after his mother Elizabeth Lucy Gwinn. Streets were laid out and ground was broken for the first houses in 1907.<ref name = "state"/> Construction was primarily carried out between then and 1915.<ref name = "cs">[http://www.lalh.org/preservation/casegwinn.html Jane Roy Brown] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724015208/http://www.lalh.org/preservation/casegwinn.html |date=2011-07-24 }}, Preservation Case Study: Gwinn, Michigan, 2006, Library of American Landscape History, Inc., retrieved 12/22/09</ref> Manning emphasized Gwinn's connection to the surrounding environment by preserving many of the existing trees and planting new ones.<ref name = "cs"/> Eventually, over 8 percent of the cost of the town's construction was allocated to outdoor improvements.<ref name = "cs"/>

The community became known as a "Model Town", a trace of which remains in the name for the local high school sports teams: the "Modeltowners".<ref name = "cs" /> It received a post office in 1908.<ref>{{cite gnis|2336734|Gwinn Post Office}}</ref> Although it began as a [[company town]], the direct involvement of Cleveland-Cliffs in the affairs of the Gwinn gradually decreased, and by the [[Great Depression]] the company had no hand in the operation of the town.<ref name = "state"/> Cleveland-Cliffs began divesting itself of real estate in the town, and by 1946 had sold the last of the houses it owned.<ref name = "state"/> The nearby Austin Mine was also operated by Cleveland-Cliffs, which developed the Austin community in 1911 to provide residences for miners and their families. Similarly, New Swanzy took its name from the [[Swanzy Iron Company]], formed in 1883.<ref name="Romig" /> The original Swanzy, located further to the northeast in Forsyth Township, was the site of the Escanaba River Land & Iron Company. Swanzy was a station on the [[Chicago & Northwestern Railroad]] and had a post office from October 1889 until December 1905.<ref name="Romig" />

On June 24, 2002, Gwinn was listed in the [[National Register of Historic Places]] as the "Gwinn Model Town Historic District, Forsyth Township, Marquette County, Michigan". The historic district encompasses the sections of Gwinn that were platted during the time Cleveland Cliffs was involved in the town's affairs.<ref name = "state"/> Although the original Manning Plan for the town was never fully implemented, the section of town that was platted remains faithful to the Manning plan.<ref name = "state"/>

In 2015 it was rated by ''[[Business Insider]]'' as the most affordable town in Michigan.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/most-affordable-small-towns-2015-2?op=1 |title=This map shows the most affordable small town in every state |journal=[[Business Insider]] |first1=Andy |last1=Kiersz |date=March 4, 2015  |access-date=March 4, 2015}}</ref>

==Geography==
Gwinn is in southeastern Marquette County, in the northern part of Forsyth Township. It is {{convert|20|mi}} south of [[Marquette, Michigan|Marquette]], the [[county seat]], {{convert|23|mi}} southeast of [[Negaunee, Michigan|Negaunee]], and {{convert|42|mi}} northwest of [[Gladstone, Michigan|Gladstone]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the CDP has a total area of {{convert|2.92|sqmi|km2|2}}, of which {{convert|2.81|sqmi|km2|2}} is land and {{convert|0.11|sqmi|km2|2}}, or 3.80%, are water.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2022"/>

==Renovation==
Recently Gwinn has experienced a boom of renovation and restoration taking place in the downtown area. Using federal funds the city has been beautified. Additional community funding has paid for the Community Clubhouse to have a complete exterior masonry restoration.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1960= 1009
|1970= 1054
|1980= 1408
|1990= 2370
|2000= 1965
|2010= 1917
|2020= 1784
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 1,965 people, 851 households, and 584 families residing in the CDP.  The population density was {{convert|386.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 1,035 housing units at an average density of {{convert|203.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.86% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.92% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.48% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.02% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.36% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.37% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.92% of the population.

There were 851 households, out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 29.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.1 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,772, and the median income for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $35,962 versus $18,929 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $16,511.  About 12.0% of families and 17.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 31.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
*[[Indian Trails]] bus lines operates daily intercity bus service between [[Hancock, Michigan|Hancock]] and [[Milwaukee]] with a stop in Gwinn.<ref>{{cite web | title=HANCOCK-MARQUETTE-GREEN BAY-MILWAUKEE | publisher=[[Indian Trails]] | date=January 12, 2012 | access-date=2013-02-27 | url=http://www.indiantrails.com/sites/default/files/1490_0.pdf | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222225859/http://www.indiantrails.com/sites/default/files/1490_0.pdf | archive-date=February 22, 2014 }}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Shadi Petosky]], television writer
* [[Bonita Pietila]], casting director for ''[[The Simpsons]]''
* [[Mike Shaw]], professional WCW wrestler known as Norman the Lunatic

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.gwinnmi.com/ Gwinn Sawyer Chamber of Commerce]
*[http://www.gwinnmichigan.com/ Gwinn Area website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630080253/http://www.gwinnmichigan.com/ |date=June 30, 2007 }}
*[http://www.gwinn.k12.mi.us/ Gwinn Area Community Schools]
{{Marquette County, Michigan}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Unincorporated communities in Marquette County, Michigan]]
[[Category:Unincorporated communities in Michigan]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Michigan]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Marquette County, Michigan]]
[[Category:Planned communities in the United States]]
[[Category:Company towns in Michigan]]
[[Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1907]]
[[Category:1907 establishments in Michigan]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Marquette County, Michigan]]