Editing Guillaume Budé

{{short description|French scholar, humanist and administrator (1467–1540)}}
{{redirect|Budé|the series of classical texts|Collection Budé}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox philosopher
| region           = [[Western philosophy]]
| era              = [[Renaissance philosophy]]
| image            = File:Guillaume Budé, by Jean Clouet.jpg
| caption          = ''Guillaume Budé'', c. 1536 portrait by [[Jean Clouet]]
| name             = Guillaume Budé
| other_names      = William Budaeus 
| birth_date       = January 26, 1467
| birth_place      = [[Paris]], [[Kingdom of France]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|August 20, 1540|January 26, 1467}}
| death_place      = Paris, Kingdom of France
| alma_mater       = [[University of Orléans]]
| institutions     = [[Collegium Trilingue]]
| school_tradition = [[Renaissance humanism]]
| main_interests   = [[Law]]
| academic_advisors = [[Janus Lascaris]]<ref name=:0>Gerald Sandy (ed.), ''The Classical Heritage in France'', Brill, 2002, p. 58.</ref><br/>[[George Hermonymus]]<ref name=:0/>
| notable_students = [[Melchior Wolmar]]<br/>[[John Colet]]
| notable_ideas    =
}}
 
'''Guillaume Budé''' ({{IPA|fr|ɡijom byde|lang}}; [[Onomastic Latinisation|Latinized]] as '''Guilielmus Budaeus'''; January 26, 1467 – August 20, 1540)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Guillaume-Bude |title=Guillaume Budé |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica |access-date=December 2, 2023}}</ref> was a French scholar and humanist. He was involved in the founding of [[Collegium Trilingue]], which later became the Collège de France. 

Budé was also the first keeper of the royal library at the Palace of Fontainebleau, which was later moved to Paris, where it became the [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]]. He was an ambassador to Rome and held several important judicial and civil administrative posts.

==Life==

Budé was born in [[Paris]]. He went to the [[University of Orléans]] to study [[law]], but for several years, having ample means, he led an idle and dissipated life. When about twenty-four years of age, he was seized with a sudden passion for study, and made rapid progress, particularly in [[Latin]] and [[Ancient Greek]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Budé, Guillaume|volume=4|pages=749–750}}</ref>

The work which gained him greatest reputation was his ''De Asse et Partibus Eius'' (1514), a treatise on ancient coins and measures. He was held in high esteem by [[Francis I of France|Francis I]], who was persuaded by him, and by [[Jean du Bellay]], [[Bishop of Narbonne]], to found the [[Collegium Trilingue]] (afterwards the [[Collège de France]]) and the library at [[Fontainebleau]], which was removed to Paris and was the origin of the [[Bibliothèque Nationale]]. 

He also induced Francis to refrain from prohibiting printing in France, which had been advised by the [[Collège de Sorbonne|Sorbonne]] in 1533. Earlier, he had been sent by [[Louis XII of France|Louis XII]] to [[Rome]] as ambassador to [[Pope Leo X|Leo X]], and in 1522 was appointed ''[[maître des requêtes]]'' and was several times ''[[Provost (civil)|prévôt]] des marchands''.<ref name="EB1911"/>

==Death==
Before his death in Paris, he requested to be buried at night, and his widow's open profession of [[Protestantism]] at [[Geneva]] (where she retired after his death), caused him to be suspected of leanings towards [[Calvinism]].<ref name="EB1911"/> 

Sections of his correspondence with Erasmus also suggest this religious inclination. At the time of the [[St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre]], the members of his family were obliged to flee from France. Some took refuge in [[Switzerland]], where they worthily upheld the traditions of their house, while others settled in [[Swedish Pomerania]] under the name Budde or Buddeus (see [[Johann Franz Buddeus]]).<ref name="EB1911"/>

Budé was also the author of ''Annotationes in XXIV. libros Pandectarum'' (1508), which, by the application of [[philology]] and [[history]], had a great influence on the study of [[Roman law]], and of ''Commentarii linguae Graecae'' (1529), an extensive collection of lexicographical notes, which contributed greatly to the study of [[Greek literature]] in France.<ref name="EB1911"/> ''Epistolae'' (1520, 8vo) is a  collection that contains only a small part of the voluminous correspondence of Bude, written in Greek with remarkable purity.

Budé corresponded with the most learned men of his time, amongst them [[Erasmus]], who called him the "marvel of France", and [[Thomas More]]. He wrote with equal facility in Greek and Latin.<ref name="EB1911"/>

== Works ==
[[File:Budé, Guillaume – De Asse et Partibus Eius, 1522 – BEIC 11022672.tif|thumb|''Libri V de Asse et partibus ejus'', 1522]]
[[File:GillaumeBude.jpg|thumb|Statue de Guillaume Budé at the Collège de France, Paris]]

* Translations from [[Plutarch]], from 1502 to 1505
* ''Annotationes in XXIV libros Pandectarum'', Paris, 1508
** ''Annotationes in quattuor et viginti pendectarum libros''. Paris, Josse Bade, 1532
** {{cite book|title=Annotationes in XXIV Pandectarum libros|publisher=Sébastien Gryphius|location=Lyon|year=1541|language=la|url=https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=11102898}}
** {{cite book|title=Annotationes in XXIV Pandectarum libros|publisher=Sébastien Gryphius|location=Lyon|year=1546|language=la|url=https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=11221254}}
* ''De contemptu rerum fortuitarum libri tres'', Paris, 1520
* ''Epistolae'', in 8vo, 1520 
* {{cite book|title=Libri V de Asse et partibus ejus|publisher=Aldo Manuzio, eredi & Andrea Torresano|location=Venice|year=1522|language=la|url=https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=11022672}}
* ''Summaire ou Epitome du livre de Asse'', Paris, 1522
* ''De studio litterarum recte et commode instituendo'', Paris, 1527
* ''Commentarii linguae graecae'', Paris, 1529
** ''Commentarii Linguae Græcae, Gulielmo Budaeo, consiliario Regio, supplicumque libellorum in Regia magistro, auctore. Ab eodem accuratè recogniti, atque amplius tertia parte aucti''. Ex officina Roberti Stephani typographi Regii, Parisiis, 1548
* ''De philologia'', Paris, 1530
* ''Libellorumque magistri in praetorio, altera aeditio annotationum in pandectas'', Paris, Josse Bade, 1532
* ''De Studio Literarum Recte Et Commode Instituendo. Item Eiusdem G. Budaei De Philologia Lib. II.'' Basileae, apud Ioan. Walderum, martio 1533
* ''De transitu Hellenismi ad Christianismum libri tres'', Paris, Robert Estienne, 1534
* ''De l'institution du prince'', in-folio, 1547
* ''Opera omnia'', 4 vol. in-folio, Basel, 1557

==Family==
Guillaume was the son of [[Jean Budé]] (d. 1502) and Catherine Le Picart. He married Roberte Le Lieur when she was about 15 years old.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McNeil|first1=David O.|title=Guillaume Bude and Humanism in the Reign of Francis I|date=1975|publisher=Geneve Librairie Droz|location=Google Books|isbn=9782600030571|page=7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mopEu94hZ58C&pg=PA7|access-date=20 May 2015}}</ref> Their children included:<ref>Sylie Charton le Clech, ''Chancellerie et Culture'' (1993), 324</ref>
*Dreux Budé (d. 1547), married Marthe Paillart
*François (d. 1550)

== See also ==
* [[Greek scholars in the Renaissance]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
*Loys Leroy (or Regius), ''Vita G. Budaei'' (1540)
*D. Rebitté, ''G. Budé, restaurateur des études grecques en France'' (1846)
*E. de Budé, ''Vie de G. Budé'' (1884), who refutes the idea of his ancestor's Protestant views
*D'Hozier, ''La Maison de Budé''
*L. Delaruelle, ''Études sur l'humanisme français'' (1907)
*D. McNeil, ''Guillaume Budé and Humanism in the Reign of Francis I'' (1975)

==External links==
{{commons category|Guillaume Budé}}
* {{MathGenealogy|id=131517}}
* {{Google books|Wjk8AAAAcAAJ|Budé, Guillaume, "De Asse et Partibus Ejus", 1528}}
* {{Google books|fzk8AAAAcAAJ|Budé, Guillaume, "De Asse et Partibus Ejus", 1542}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bude, Guillaume}}
[[Category:Writers from Paris]]
[[Category:1467 births]]
[[Category:1540 deaths]]
[[Category:16th-century writers in Latin]]
[[Category:Christian humanists]]
[[Category:French Christians]]
[[Category:French Renaissance humanists]]
[[Category:French scholars]]
[[Category:French hellenists]]
[[Category:16th-century French writers]]
[[Category:16th-century French male writers]]
[[Category:16th-century French lawyers]]
[[Category:Provost of the Merchants of Paris]]