Editing Guadalupe County, New Mexico

{{Short description|County in New Mexico, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Guadalupe County
 | state                = New Mexico
 | seal                 = 
 | founded year         = 1891
 | founded date         = February 26
 | seat wl              = Santa Rosa
 | largest city wl      = Santa Rosa
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 3032
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 3030
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 1.1
 | area percentage      = 0.04%
 | census yr            = 2020
 | pop                  = 4452
 | density_sq_mi        = auto
 | ex image             = Guadalupe Courthouse New.jpg
 | ex image cap         = Guadalupe County [[Courthouse]] in Santa Rosa
 | district             = 2nd
 | time zone            = Mountain
 | named for            = [[Our Lady of Guadalupe]]
|website=https://www.guadalupecountynm.org/}}

[[Image:Guadalupe Courthouse Old.jpg|thumb|245px|right|The older section of Guadalupe County [[Courthouse]], which was built in 1909, adjoins the newer section.]]

'''Guadalupe County''' ({{langx|es|Condado de Guadalupe}}) is a [[List of counties in New Mexico|county]]  in the [[U.S. state]] of [[New Mexico]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 4,452.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guadalupe County, New Mexico|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Guadalupe_County,_New_Mexico?g=050XX00US35019|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 3, 2023}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Santa Rosa, New Mexico|Santa Rosa]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011  }}</ref>

==History==
Guadalupe County was named after ''Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe'' ([[Our Lady of Guadalupe]]) or after the ''Mesita de Guadalupe'' (Guadalupe Plain). The county was created from the southern portion of [[San Miguel County, New Mexico|San Miguel County]] February 26, 1891, by an act of the [[New Mexico Territory|New Mexico Territorial]] Legislature. The original county seat was [[Puerto De Luna]], but was moved north to [[Santa Rosa, New Mexico|Santa Rosa]] in 1903. That same year, after the popular [[Spanish–American War]] of 1898, the county's name was changed to [[Leonard Wood]] County after the Presidential physician, Major-General in the [[Rough Riders]], and recipient of the [[Medal of Honor]]. The name was later changed back to Guadalupe County.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bowden|first=J. J.|title=Guadalupe County|url=http://www.newmexicohistory.org/filedetails.php?fileID=675|publisher=Office of the State Historian|access-date=December 16, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320110014/http://www.newmexicohistory.org/filedetails.php?fileID=675|archive-date=March 20, 2012}}</ref> The County contains whole, or parts of, several previous [[Spanish land grants in New Mexico|Spanish land grants]] to include the Aqua Negra, the Jose Perea, the Anton Chico, and the Preston Beck land grants.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guadalupe Co. History|url=http://guadalupe.nmgenweb.us/Cohistry.htm|publisher=The New Mexico GenWeb Project|access-date=December 16, 2011}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|3032|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|3030|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|1.1|sqmi}} (0.04%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_35.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150101195546/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_35.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 1, 2015 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 2, 2015 |date=August 22, 2012 |title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files }}</ref>

===Adjacent counties===
* [[San Miguel County, New Mexico|San Miguel County]] – north
* [[Quay County, New Mexico|Quay County]] – east
* [[De Baca County, New Mexico|De Baca County]] – south
* [[Lincoln County, New Mexico|Lincoln County]] – south
* [[Torrance County, New Mexico|Torrance County]] – west

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1900 = 5429
| 1910 = 10927
| 1920 = 8015
| 1930 = 7027
| 1940 = 8646
| 1950 = 6772
| 1960 = 5610
| 1970 = 4969
| 1980 = 4496
| 1990 = 4156
| 2000 = 4680
| 2010 = 4687
| 2020 = 4452
| estyear = 
| estimate = 
| estref = 
| align-fn = center
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 2, 2015}}</ref><br />1790–1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=January 2, 2015}}</ref> 1900–1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/nm190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 2, 2015}}</ref><br />1990–2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 2, 2015}}</ref> 2010<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/35/35019.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=September 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606225921/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/35/35019.html|archive-date=June 6, 2011}}</ref>
}}

===2000 census===
As of the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website  }}</ref> there were 4,680 people, 1,655 households, and 1,145 families living in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|2|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. There were 2,160 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1|/mi2|/km2|adj=pre|units&nbsp;}}. The racial makeup of the county was 54.1% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 1.3% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 1.1% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.5% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], nil% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 39.1% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 3.6% from two or more races. 81.2% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 1,655 households, out of which 33.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.8% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 121.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 126.3 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $24,783, and the median income for a family was $28,279. Males had a median income of $22,463 versus $18,500 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $11,241. About 18.1% of families and 21.60% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 24.1% of those under age 18 and 19.4% of those age 65 or over.

===2010 census===
As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], there were 4,687&nbsp;people, 1,766&nbsp;households, and 1,114&nbsp;families living in the county.<ref name="census-dp1">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US35019
  |title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data
  |access-date=January 24, 2016
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213030038/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US35019
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref> The population density was {{convert|1.5|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|inhabitants&nbsp;|inhabitants|}}. There were 2,393 housing units at an average density of {{convert|0.8|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}.<ref name="census-density">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US35019
  |access-date=January 24, 2016
  |title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213185644/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US35019
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref> The racial makeup of the county was 70.4% white, 1.9% American Indian, 1.7% black or African American, 1.3% Asian, 21.4% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 79.6% of the population.<ref name="census-dp1"/> In terms of ancestry, 8.3% were [[Germans|German]], and 2.4% were [[Americans|American]].<ref name="census-dp2">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US35019
  |title=DP02 Selected Social Characteristics in the United States – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
  |access-date=January 24, 2016
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213031455/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US35019
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

Of the 1,766&nbsp;households, 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.9% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 36.9% were non-families, and 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.93. The median age was 40.1 years.<ref name="census-dp1"/>

The median income for a household in the county was $28,488 and the median income for a family was $37,535. Males had a median income of $36,494 versus $23,984 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,710. About 21.7% of families and 28.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 46.7% of those under age 18 and 27.4% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="census-dp3">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US35019
  |title=DP03 Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
  |access-date=January 24, 2016
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213013912/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US35019
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

==Communities==
===City===
* [[Santa Rosa, New Mexico|Santa Rosa]] (county seat)

===Town===
* [[Vaughn, New Mexico|Vaughn]]

===Census-designated places===
* [[Anton Chico, New Mexico|Anton Chico]]
* [[Llano del Medio, New Mexico|Llano del Medio]]
* [[Newkirk, New Mexico|Newkirk]]
* [[Pastura, New Mexico|Pastura]]
* [[Puerto de Luna, New Mexico|Puerto de Luna]]

==Politics==
Guadalupe County leans Democratic, and has voted for the Democratic nominee in every presidential election since 1988. In 2024, however, Guadalupe County saw a trend toward the Republican Party in line with majority-Hispanic counties nationally when [[Donald Trump]] came within less than 1% of flipping it, with [[Kamala Harris]] holding it by a plurality and winning by only 14 votes. This was the best performance for a Republican in the county since [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] won it in 1984.
{{PresHead|place=Guadalupe County, New Mexico|whig=no|source1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=April 1, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP/Whig vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Democratic|945|959|34|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|2020|Democratic|917|1,234|38|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|2016|Democratic|595|970|262|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|2012|Democratic|557|1,488|90|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|2008|Democratic|620|1,557|19|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|2004|Democratic|914|1,340|13|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|2000|Democratic|548|1,076|27|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1996|Democratic|436|1,208|92|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1992|Democratic|691|1,225|186|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1988|Democratic|861|1,243|15|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|990|946|30|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|1,065|980|100|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|1,047|1,379|27|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|1,297|1,202|26|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|1,176|1,027|84|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|1,058|1,649|6|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1960|Democratic|1,242|1,589|3|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|1,529|1,191|3|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|1,575|1,347|0|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|1,565|1,550|0|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|1,649|1,539|0|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|1,807|2,082|0|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|1,775|2,187|4|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|1,621|1,909|12|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|1,718|1,093|0|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|1,329|1,056|179|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|1,599|1,224|17|New Mexico}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|1,067|1,172|36|New Mexico}}
{{PresFoot|1912|Democratic|651|761|250|New Mexico}}

==Education==
The county has two school districts serving sections: [[Santa Rosa Consolidated Schools]] and [[Vaughn Municipal Schools]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st35_nm/schooldistrict_maps/c35019_guadalupe/DC20SD_C35019.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904051931/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st35_nm/schooldistrict_maps/c35019_guadalupe/DC20SD_C35019.pdf |archive-date=September 4, 2022 |url-status=live|title=2020 Census – School District Reference Map: |publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=September 1, 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st35_nm/schooldistrict_maps/c35019_guadalupe/DC20SD_C35019_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Guadalupe County, New Mexico]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090426030027/http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=%2Fcffiles%2Fcounties%2Fcounty.cfm&id=35019 Profile] from the [[National Association of Counties]]

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Guadalupe County, New Mexico
|North     = [[San Miguel County, New Mexico|San Miguel County]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Quay County, New Mexico|Quay County]]
|Southeast =
|South     = [[De Baca County, New Mexico|De Baca County]]
|Southwest = [[Lincoln County, New Mexico|Lincoln County]]
|West      = [[Torrance County, New Mexico|Torrance County]]
|Northwest =
}}
{{Guadalupe County, New Mexico}}
{{New Mexico}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|34.86|-104.78|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-NM_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Guadalupe County, New Mexico| ]]
[[Category:1891 establishments in New Mexico Territory]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1891]]
[[Category:Hispanic and Latino American culture in New Mexico]]