Editing Greenwood County, Kansas

{{short description|County in Kansas, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
| county             = Greenwood County
| state              = Kansas
| ex image           = Eureka Santa Fe Depot.jpg
| ex image size      = 220px
| ex image cap       = [[Eureka station (Kansas)|AT&SF Railroad Depot]] in [[Eureka, Kansas|Eureka]] (2013)
| type               = [[County (United States)|County]]
| founded            = August 25, 1855
| named for          = [[Alfred B. Greenwood]]
| seat wl            = Eureka
| largest city wl    = Eureka
| area_total_sq_mi   = 1153
| area_land_sq_mi    = 1143
| area_water_sq_mi   = 9.3
| area percentage    = 0.8%

| population_footnotes = <ref name="QF"/>
| population_as_of   = 2020
| population_total   = 6016
| pop_est_footnotes  =<ref name="USCensusEst2023_1">{{Cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html |access-date=March 24, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
| pop_est_as_of      =2023
| population_est     =5870 {{decrease}}
| population_density_sq_mi = 5.3

| district           = 4th
| time zone          = Central
| website            = {{URL|http://www.greenwoodcounty.org/|GreenwoodCounty.org}}
}}

'''Greenwood County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[Southeast Kansas|southeast]] portion of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Kansas]].  Its [[county seat]] and most populous city is [[Eureka, Kansas|Eureka]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the county population was 6,016.<ref name="QF">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts; Greenwood County, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/greenwoodcountykansas/POP010220 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816074400/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/greenwoodcountykansas/POP010220 |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>  The county was named for [[Alfred B. Greenwood|Alfred Greenwood]], a U.S. congressman from Arkansas that advocated Kansas statehood.

==History==

===Early history===
{{See also|History of Kansas}}
For many [[millennia]], the [[Great Plains]] of [[North America]] was inhabited by [[nomadic]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]]. From the 16th century to 18th century, the [[Kingdom of France]] claimed ownership of large parts of [[North America]]. In 1762, after the [[French and Indian War]], France secretly ceded [[New France]] to [[Spain]], per the [[Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762)|Treaty of Fontainebleau]].

===19th century===
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for [[History of Kansas|modern day Kansas]] was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile [[Louisiana Purchase]] for 2.83 [[Penny (United States coin)|cents]] per [[acre]].

In 1854, the [[Kansas Territory]] was organized, then in 1861 [[Kansas]] became the 34th [[U.S. state]]. In 1855, '''Greenwood County''' was established, and named for [[Alfred B. Greenwood]],<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n143 144]}}</ref> a U.S. Congressman from Arkansas.

The first railroad in Greenwood County was built through that territory in 1879.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C | title=Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. | publisher=Standard Publishing Company | author=Blackmar, Frank Wilson | year=1912 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C/page/n791 795]}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|1153|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|1143|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|9.3|sqmi}} (0.8%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> It is the fifth-largest county in Kansas by area.

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Lyon County, Kansas|Lyon County]] (north)
* [[Coffey County, Kansas|Coffey County]] (northeast)
* [[Woodson County, Kansas|Woodson County]] (east)
* [[Wilson County, Kansas|Wilson County]] (southeast)
* [[Elk County, Kansas|Elk County]] (south)
* [[Butler County, Kansas|Butler County]] (west)
* [[Chase County, Kansas|Chase County]] (northwest)

==Demographics==
[[Image:USA Greenwood County, Kansas age pyramid.svg|thumb|175px|left|[[Population pyramid]] based on 2000 census age data]]
{{US Census population
|1860= 769
|1870= 3484
|1880= 10548
|1890= 16309
|1900= 16196
|1910= 16060
|1920= 14715
|1930= 19235
|1940= 16495
|1950= 13574
|1960= 11253
|1970= 9141
|1980= 8764
|1990= 7847
|2000= 7673
|2010= 6689
|2020= 6016
|estyear=2023
|estimate=5870
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2023_2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 3, 2024}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2014}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=July 24, 2014}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ks190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2014}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2014}}</ref> 2010-2020<ref name="QF"/>
}}

As of the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> there were 7,673 people, 3,234 households, and 2,153 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|7|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. There were 4,273 housing units at an average density of {{convert|4|/mi2|/km2|}}. The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the county was 96.53% [[White American|White]], 0.83% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]], 0.14% [[Black American|Black]] or [[African American]], 0.10% [[Asian American|Asian]], 0.81% from other races, and 1.58% from [[Multiracial|two or more races]]. [[Hispanic]] or [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] of any race were 1.72% of the population.

There were 3,234 [[household]]s, out of which 27.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.50% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.40% were non-families. 30.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.70% under the age of 18, 6.50% from 18 to 24, 23.20% from 25 to 44, 23.70% from 45 to 64, and 22.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 95.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.50 males.

The [[Median household income|median income for a household]] in the county was $30,169, and the median income for a family was $38,140. Males had a median income of $27,021 versus $19,356 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $15,976. About 8.20% of families and 12.50% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.20% of those under age 18 and 10.10% of those age 65 or over.

==Government==
Greenwood county is often carried by Republican Candidates. The last time a Democratic candidate has carried this county was in 1936 by [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]].

===Presidential elections===
{{Hidden
|headercss  = background: #ccccff; font-size: 100%; width: 100%;
|contentcss = text-align: left; font-size: 100%; width: 100%;
|header     = Presidential election results
|content    =
{{PresHead|place=Greenwood County, Kansas|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title = Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|2,299|541|52|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|2,444|569|64|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|2,160|485|195|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|1,590|478|55|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|1,619|622|38|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|2,282|911|51|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|2,392|1,027|142|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|1,932|1,108|595|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|1,411|1,262|1,180|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|2,217|1,421|78|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|2,901|1,173|44|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|2,685|1,241|229|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|2,319|1,737|88|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|3,157|951|130|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|2,937|1,122|392|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1964|Republican|2,717|2,048|36|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|3,758|1,804|9|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|4,164|1,763|21|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|4,974|1,743|32|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|3,553|2,574|73|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|3,959|2,187|41|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|4,893|3,160|56|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|4,146|4,176|23|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|3,592|4,002|153|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|5,863|1,554|49|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|4,181|1,794|556|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|3,422|1,478|107|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1916|Republican|2,971|2,956|227|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1912|Democratic|954|1,334|1,406|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1908|Republican|2,370|1,545|91|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|2,458|1,211|190|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|2,204|1,917|16|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1896|Democratic|1,835|2,064|23|Kansas}}
{{PresRow|1892|Populist|1,734|0|1,804|Kansas}}
{{PresFoot|1888|Republican|2,242|1,110|589|Kansas}}
}}<!-- End of Hidden template -->

===Laws===
Greenwood County was a prohibition, or [[dry county|"dry"]], county until the [[Kansas Constitution]] was amended in 1986 and voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ksrevenue.org/abcwetdrymap.htm |title=Map of Wet and Dry Counties |publisher=Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue |date=November 2006 |access-date=December 28, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008013617/http://www.ksrevenue.org/abcwetdrymap.htm |archive-date=October 8, 2007 }}</ref>

The county narrowly voted "No" on the [[2022 Kansas abortion referendum]], an anti-abortion ballot measure, by 50.1% to 49.9% despite backing [[Donald Trump]] with 79% of the vote to [[Joe Biden]]'s 18% in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/14-out-19-counties-that-rejected-kansas-anti-abortion-measure-backed-trump-2022-8|title=14 of the 19 Kansas counties that rejected an anti-abortion amendment voted for Trump in 2020|publisher=Business Insider|last=Panetta|first=Grace|date=August 3, 2022|accessdate=August 3, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/08/02/us/elections/results-kansas-abortion-amendment.html | title=Kansas Abortion Amendment Election Results | work=The New York Times | date=August 2, 2022 }}</ref>

==Education==

===Unified school districts===
* [[Madison–Virgil USD 386]]
* [[Eureka USD 389]]
* [[Hamilton USD 390]]

;School district office in neighboring county
* [[West Elk USD 282]] (serving Severy and southern Greenwood county)
* [[Fredonia USD 484]] (serving Fall River and southeastern corner of Greenwood county)

==Communities==
[[Image:Map of Greenwood Co, Ks, USA.png|thumb|300px|2005 map of Greenwood County<ref name="County-Map-Current"/> ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|map legend]])]]
List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Greenwood County.<ref name="County-Map-Current">{{cite web |title=General Highway Map of Greenwood County, Kansas |url=https://www.ksdot.gov/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/county-pdf/greenwood.PDF |publisher=[[Kansas Department of Transportation]] (KDOT) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517192458/https://www.ksdot.gov/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/county-pdf/greenwood.PDF |archive-date=May 17, 2024 |date=May 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Cities===
{{div col}}
* [[Climax, Kansas|Climax]]
* [[Eureka, Kansas|Eureka]] (county seat)
* [[Fall River, Kansas|Fall River]]
* [[Hamilton, Kansas|Hamilton]]
* [[Madison, Kansas|Madison]]
* [[Severy, Kansas|Severy]]
* [[Virgil, Kansas|Virgil]]
{{div col end}}

===Unincorporated communities===
† means a community is designated a [[Census-designated place|Census-Designated Place]] (CDP) by the [[United States Census Bureau]].
{{div col}}
* [[Lamont, Kansas|Lamont]]
* [[Neal, Kansas|Neal]]†
* [[Piedmont, Kansas|Piedmont]]†
* [[Quincy, Kansas|Quincy]]
* [[Reece, Kansas|Reece]]
* [[Tonovay, Kansas|Tonovay]]
{{div col end}}

===Ghost towns===
{{div col}}
* [[Ivanpah, Kansas|Ivanpah]]
* [[Lapland, Kansas|Lapland]]
* [[Teterville, Kansas|Teterville]]
* [[Thrall, Kansas|Thrall]]
* [[Utopia, Kansas|Utopia]]
{{div col end}}

===Townships===
Greenwood County is divided into fifteen [[Civil township|townships]]. The city of [[Eureka, Kansas|Eureka]] is considered ''governmentally independent'' and is excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

{| class="toccolours" border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;"
|- style="background:#ccccff"
! Township !! [[FIPS place code|FIPS]] !! Population<br/>center
! Population !! Population<br/>density<br/><small>/km<sup>2</sup> (/sq&nbsp;mi)</small>
! Land area<br/><small>km<sup>2</sup> (sq&nbsp;mi)</small> !! Water area<br/><small>km<sup>2</sup> (sq&nbsp;mi)</small> !! Water %
! Geographic coordinates
|-
| [[Bachelor Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Bachelor]]|| 03625 || || 230 || 1 (4) || 155 (60) || 1 (0) || 0.70% || {{coord|37|49|57|N|96|12|21|W|}}
|-
| [[Eureka Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Eureka]]|| 21825 || || 451 || 3 (8) || 149 (58) || 2 (1) || 1.50% || {{coord|37|50|41|N|96|17|49|W|}}
|-
| [[Fall River Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Fall River]]|| 22800 || || 229 || 1 (4) || 154 (60) || 2 (1) || 1.13% || {{coord|37|42|36|N|96|12|4|W|}}
|-
| [[Janesville Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Janesville]]|| 35000 || || 548 || 1 (4) || 371 (143) || 2 (1) || 0.62% || {{coord|37|59|4|N|96|11|29|W|}}
|-
| [[Lane Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Lane]]|| 38425 || || 167 || 1 (3) || 138 (53) || 1 (0) || 0.52% || {{coord|37|58|36|N|96|0|59|W|}}
|-
| [[Madison Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Madison]]|| 44075 || || 1,155 || 4 (9) || 320 (124) || 3 (1) || 0.85% || {{coord|38|7|32|N|96|12|11|W|}}
|-
| [[Otter Creek Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Otter Creek]]|| 53650 || || 211 || 1 (2) || 290 (112) || 2 (1) || 0.55% || {{coord|37|40|20|N|96|24|0|W|}}
|-
| [[Pleasant Grove Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Pleasant Grove]]|| 56375 || || 52 || 0 (1) || 150 (58) || 2 (1) || 1.57% || {{coord|37|47|21|N|96|1|41|W|}}
|-
| [[Quincy Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Quincy]]|| 58175 || || 163 || 1 (3) || 155 (60) || 1 (0) || 0.38% || {{coord|37|51|8|N|96|2|59|W|}}
|-
| [[Salem Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Salem]]|| 62650 || || 35 || 0 (0) || 233 (90) || 2 (1) || 0.89% || {{coord|38|1|45|N|96|24|29|W|}}
|-
| [[Salt Springs Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Salt Springs]]|| 62875 || || 463 || 3 (7) || 182 (70) || 10 (4) || 5.16% || {{coord|37|38|55|N|96|3|59|W|}}
|-
| [[Shell Rock Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Shell Rock]]|| 64600 || || 173 || 1 (3) || 136 (53) || 1 (0) || 0.87% || {{coord|38|5|53|N|96|1|18|W|}}
|-
| [[South Salem Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|South Salem]]|| 66925 || || 127 || 1 (1) || 224 (87) || 3 (1) || 1.13% || {{coord|37|52|42|N|96|27|4|W|}}
|-
| [[Spring Creek Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Spring Creek]]|| 67425 || || 154 || 1 (3) || 139 (54) || 1 (1) || 0.93% || {{coord|37|47|49|N|96|26|50|W|}}
|-
| [[Twin Grove Township, Greenwood County, Kansas|Twin Grove]]|| 71825 || || 601 || 4 (11) || 148 (57) || 1 (0) || 0.57% || {{coord|37|38|7|N|96|14|3|W|}}
|-
|colspan=9|Sources: {{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/places2k.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020802223743/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/places2k.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 2, 2002 |title=Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division }}
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Kansas}}
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Greenwood County, Kansas]]
{{See also Kansas counties}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{Kansas books}}
* [https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/225064/ ''Handbook of Greenwood County, Kansas'']; C.S. Burch Publishing Co; 37 pages; 1880s.
* [https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/223953/ ''Standard Atlas of Greenwood County, Kansas'']; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 78 pages; 1922.
* [https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/209403/ ''Plat Book of Greenwood County, Kansas'']; North West Publishing Co; 58 pages; 1903.
* [https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/225064/ ''Handbook of Greenwood County, Kansas'']; C. S. Burch Publishing Co; 37 pages; 1880 to 1890.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Greenwood County, Kansas}}
;County
* {{Official website|http://www.greenwoodcounty.org/|Greenwood County - Official}}
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260437 Greenwood County - Directory of Public Officials]
;Maps
* Greenwood County Maps: [http://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/county-pdf/greenwood.PDF Current], [http://www.ksdot.org/bureaus/burtransplan/maps/PastPublishedCounty.asp Historic], KDOT
* Kansas Highway Maps: [http://www.ksdot.org/burtransplan/maps/MapsState.asp Current], [http://www.ksdot.org/burtransplan/maps/HistoricStateMaps.asp Historic], KDOT
* Kansas Railroad Maps: [http://www.ksdot.org/BurTransPlan/maps/RRStateMap.asp Current], [http://www.kansasmemory.org/item/227379 1996], [http://www.kansasmemory.org/item/227380 1915], KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Greenwood County, Kansas
|North     = [[Lyon County, Kansas|Lyon County]]
|Northeast = [[Coffey County, Kansas|Coffey County]]
|East      = [[Woodson County, Kansas|Woodson County]]
|Southeast = [[Wilson County, Kansas|Wilson County]]
|South     = [[Elk County, Kansas|Elk County]]
|Southwest = 
|West      = [[Butler County, Kansas|Butler County]]
|Northwest = [[Chase County, Kansas|Chase County]]
}}

{{Greenwood County, Kansas}}
{{Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|37|52|N|96|16|W|type:adm2nd_region:US-KS|display=title}}

[[Category:Greenwood County, Kansas| ]]
[[Category:Kansas counties]]
[[Category:1855 establishments in Kansas Territory]]