Editing Greenville, Ohio

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Greenville
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = "The Treaty City"
|image_skyline            = Henry St. Clair Memorial Hall in Greenville.jpg
|image_caption            = [[Greenville Carnegie Library|Henry St. Clair Memorial Hall]]
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_map                = Darke County Ohio incorporated and unincorporated areas Greenville highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 260px
|map_caption              = Location in [[Darke County, Ohio|Darke County]] and the state of [[Ohio]].
|pushpin_map              = Ohio#USA
|pushpin_relief           = yes
|pushpin_label            = Greenville
<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Ohio]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Ohio|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Darke County, Ohio|Darke]]
<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              = Jeff Whitaker<ref name= "New Mayor">{{cite web |url=https://www.cityofgreenville.org/directory.aspx?EID=81 |title=Staff Directory • Jeff Whitaker |website=cityofgreenville.org |access-date=2024-02-04}}</ref>
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =
<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_sq_mi         = 6.72
|area_land_sq_mi          = 6.65
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.06
|area_total_km2           = 17.39
|area_land_km2            = 17.23
|area_water_km2           = 0.16
<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 12696
|pop_est_as_of            = 2023 
|pop_est_footnotes        = <ref name="2023 est">{{cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Ohio: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2023/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2023-POP-39.xlsx |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=6 July 2024}}</ref>
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 12786
|population_density_sq_mi = 1922.13
|population_density_km2   = 742.09
<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 1004
|coordinates              = {{coord|40|07|10|N|84|37|33|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 45331
|area_code                = [[Area codes 937 and 326|937, 326]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 39-32340<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2394994<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2394994}}</ref>
|website                  = http://www.cityofgreenville.org/
|footnotes                = 
}}
[[File:Greenville ohio photo.jpg|border|thumb|upright|View of fountain and Courthouse]]
'''Greenville''' is a city in [[Darke County, Ohio]], United States, and its [[county seat]]. It is near [[Ohio]]'s western edge, about {{convert|33|mi}} northwest of [[Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]]. The population was 12,786 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].

==History==
Indigenous tribes in the region included the Wyandot, the Delaware, the Shawnee, the Ottawa, the Chippewa, the Pottawatomi, the Miami, the Wea, the Kickapoo, the Piankasha, the Kaskaskia and the Eel River. These participated in the Northwest Indian War, their effort to repel European Americans from the Northwest Territory.

Greenville is the historic location of Fort Greene Ville, built in November 1793 by General [[Anthony Wayne]]'s [[Legion of the United States]] during the [[Northwest Indian War]]. Named for Revolutionary War hero [[Nathanael Greene|Nathaniel Greene]], its defenses covered about {{convert|55|acre|m2}}, making it North America's largest wooden fort. It was a training ground and base of operations for the approximately 3,000 soldiers of the Legion and Kentucky Militia before their August 1794 march northward to the [[Battle of Fallen Timbers]]. The [[Treaty of Greenville]] was signed at the fort on August 3, 1795, with chiefs of the tribes that had confronted the U.S. This brought an end to the Indian wars in the area and opened the Northwest Territory for European-American settlement.<ref>[http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=1935 Greenville - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

In 1805<ref name=hmdb2022>{{cite web|url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=28646|title=Tecumseh / Shawnee Prophet's Town|website=HMdb.org The Historical Marker Database|date=30 August 2022|last=Fischer, Jr.|first=William|orig-date=Originally published 15 March 2010|access-date=21 April 2024}}</ref> or 1806,<ref name=hmdb2016>{{cite web|url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=88741|title=In Memory of Tecumseh: The Tecumseh Boulder|website=HMdb.org The Historical Marker Database|last=Irick|first=Ronald|date=16 June 2016|orig-date=Originally published 18 September 2015|access-date=21 April 2024}}</ref> the Shawnee chief [[Tecumseh]] and his younger brother [[Tenskwatawa]] established an illegal settlement in Greenville.<ref name=hmdb2022/>{{efn|A different account places an initial settlement by Tecumseh on [[Buck Creek State Park|Buck Creek]], Ohio followed by a 1798 move to the west fork of the [[White River (Indiana)|White River]] in Indiana<ref name=marsh2022>{{cite web|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/tecumseh|title=Tecumseh|website=The Canadian Encyclopedia|last1=Marsh|first1=James H.|last2=de Bruin|first2=Tabitha|date=9 August 2022|orig-date=Originally published 23 October 2011|access-date=21 April 2024}}</ref>}} In peaceful protest of the boundary line of the Treaty of Greenville, their group occupied the confluence of Mud Creek and Greenville Creek until 1808.<ref name=hmdb2016/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ohio.org/things-to-do/destinations/tecumseh-point-preserve|title=Tecumseh Point Preserve|website=Ohio: The Heart of it All|publisher=Ohio Department of Development, TourismOhio|year=2020|access-date=21 April 2024}}</ref> Under pressure from Indiana territorial governor [[William Henry Harrison]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/william-henry-harrison/|title=William Henry Harrison: The 9th President of the United States|website=The White House|access-date=21 April 2024}}</ref> and the burgeoning population of settlers, Tecumseh, Tenskwatawa, and their followers relocated to [[Prophetstown State Park|Prophetstown]], Indiana,<ref name=hmdb2022/> near which [[Tecumseh's confederacy|the intertribal confederacy]] was shattered at the [[Battle of Tippecanoe]].<ref name=marsh2022/> Tenskwatawa visited Greenville by request in 1826 as he accompanied the Shawnee during [[Shawnee#Aftermath|their removal]] by the U.S. Army.<ref name=hmdb2022/>

The Army abandoned Fort Greenville in 1796; it was partly burned later that year to retrieve nails used in its construction. Local settlers carried away some of its logs for building the new settlement of [[Dayton, Ohio]], to the south. In the War of 1812, the Army refitted what remained of the fort; it was used as a supply depot and staging area. The earliest European-American settlers came in 1807; the city of Greenville was officially founded in August 1808.{{citation needed|date=April 2024}}

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has an area of {{convert|6.66|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|6.60|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.06|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2013-01-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref>

Local airports include [[Darke County Airport]], seven miles away in [[Versailles, Ohio|Versailles]], and [[James M. Cox Dayton International Airport]], 35 miles away in Dayton, Ohio.

===Climate===
{{Weather box
 | width       = auto
 | collapsed   = yes
 | single line = yes
 | location    = Greenville, Ohio (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present)
 | Jan record high F  = 71
 | Feb record high F  = 75
 | Mar record high F  = 85
 | Apr record high F  = 90
 | May record high F  = 98
 | Jun record high F  = 101
 | Jul record high F  = 105
 | Aug record high F  = 101
 | Sep record high F  = 100
 | Oct record high F  = 90
 | Nov record high F  = 80
 | Dec record high F  = 72
 | year record high F = 

|Jan avg record high F = 57.4
|Feb avg record high F = 61.5
|Mar avg record high F = 71.2
|Apr avg record high F = 80.5
|May avg record high F = 87.0
|Jun avg record high F = 91.6
|Jul avg record high F = 91.9
|Aug avg record high F = 90.8
|Sep avg record high F = 89.6
|Oct avg record high F = 82.8
|Nov avg record high F = 69.7
|Dec avg record high F = 60.1
|year avg record high F = 93.5

 | Jan high F = 35.1
 | Feb high F = 39.1
 | Mar high F = 49.6
 | Apr high F = 62.8
 | May high F = 73.2
 | Jun high F = 81.6
 | Jul high F = 84.6
 | Aug high F = 83.3
 | Sep high F = 78.1
 | Oct high F = 65.6
 | Nov high F = 51.6
 | Dec high F = 39.8
 | year high F = 62.0
 | Jan mean F = 27.0
 | Feb mean F = 30.2
 | Mar mean F = 39.9
 | Apr mean F = 51.6
 | May mean F = 62.5
 | Jun mean F = 71.2
 | Jul mean F = 74.1
 | Aug mean F = 72.2
 | Sep mean F = 65.7
 | Oct mean F = 54.0
 | Nov mean F = 42.1
 | Dec mean F = 32.2
 | year mean F = 51.9
 | Jan low F = 19.0
 | Feb low F = 21.4
 | Mar low F = 30.2
 | Apr low F = 40.3
 | May low F = 51.7
 | Jun low F = 60.9
 | Jul low F = 63.6
 | Aug low F = 61.1
 | Sep low F = 53.4
 | Oct low F = 42.4
 | Nov low F = 32.6
 | Dec low F = 24.6
 | year low F = 41.8

|Jan avg record low F = -7.1
|Feb avg record low F = -0.3
|Mar avg record low F = 10.7
|Apr avg record low F = 24.5
|May avg record low F = 35.5
|Jun avg record low F = 46.5
|Jul avg record low F = 51.7
|Aug avg record low F = 49.0
|Sep avg record low F = 38.6
|Oct avg record low F = 26.9
|Nov avg record low F = 17.4
|Dec avg record low F = 5.4
|year avg record low F = -9.8

 | Jan record low F  = -33
 | Feb record low F  = -23
 | Mar record low F  = -14
 | Apr record low F  = 10
 | May record low F  = 23
 | Jun record low F  = 36
 | Jul record low F  = 43
 | Aug record low F  = 36
 | Sep record low F  = 26
 | Oct record low F  = 14
 | Nov record low F  = -2
 | Dec record low F  = -21
 | year record low F = 
 | precipitation colour   = green
 | Jan precipitation inch = 2.84
 | Feb precipitation inch = 2.23
 | Mar precipitation inch = 3.23
 | Apr precipitation inch = 4.18
 | May precipitation inch = 4.31
 | Jun precipitation inch = 4.42
 | Jul precipitation inch = 3.95
 | Aug precipitation inch = 3.40
 | Sep precipitation inch = 2.75
 | Oct precipitation inch = 2.90
 | Nov precipitation inch = 3.17
 | Dec precipitation inch = 2.88
 | year precipitation inch = 40.26
 | unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
 | Jan precipitation days  = 11.6
 | Feb precipitation days  = 9.6
 | Mar precipitation days  = 11.4
 | Apr precipitation days  = 13.0
 | May precipitation days  = 12.7
 | Jun precipitation days  = 11.9
 | Jul precipitation days  = 9.7
 | Aug precipitation days  = 8.1
 | Sep precipitation days  = 8.4
 | Oct precipitation days  = 9.3
 | Nov precipitation days  = 9.2
 | Dec precipitation days  = 10.4
 | year precipitation days = 125.3
 | source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=iln
|title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = November 15, 2023}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00333375&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = November 15, 2023}}</ref>
}}


==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1840= 793
|1850= 1045
|1860= 1650
|1870= 2520
|1880= 3535
|1890= 5473
|1900= 5501
|1910= 6237
|1920= 7104
|1930= 7036
|1940= 7745
|1950= 8859
|1960= 10585
|1970= 12380
|1980= 13002
|1990= 12863
|2000= 13294
|2010= 13227
|2020= 12786
|estyear=2023
|estimate=12696
|estref=<ref name="2023 est"/>
|footnote=Sources:<ref name="GR2" /><ref name="Census1960">{{cite web|title=Number of Inhabitants: Ohio|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/37749282v1p37_ch02.pdf|date=1960|work=18th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=24 April 2020}}</ref><ref name="Census1990">{{cite web|title=Ohio: Population and Housing Unit Counts|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-37.pdf|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=22 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/greenvillecityohio,US/PST045221|title=Greenville city, Ohio|website=census.gov|accessdate=June 29, 2022}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2013-01-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 13,227 people, 5,933 households, and 3,430 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|2004.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 6,536 housing units at an average density of {{convert|990.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.7% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.9% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.7% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.4% of the population.

There were 5,933 households, of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.2% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17, and the average family size was 2.83.

The median age in the city was 43.4 years. 21.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.8% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64, and 22.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.0% male and 54.0% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 13,294 people, 5,649 households, and 3,462 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,206.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 6,030 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,000.8|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.31% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.56% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.17% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.53% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.02% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.44% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.97% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.14% of the population.

There were 5,649 households, out of which 27.3% had children living with them, 46.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.7% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23, and the average family size was 2.85.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.7% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 22.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,791, and the median income for a family was $38,699. Males had a median income of $33,143 versus $24,875 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $18,830. About 10.2% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 18.8% of those under age 18 and 14.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Economy==
Various companies and brands such as [[KitchenAid]] and [[BASF|BASF North America]] have offices in Greenville.

==Arts and culture==
{{unsourced|section|date=February 2024}}
Greenville hosts the Darke County Fair, which runs annually for nine days in August.

Built in 1849, the historic Bear's Mill is an example of a [[Gristmill|stonegrinding flour mill]] of its time. Placed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1977, it is used today to grind cornmeal, [[whole-wheat flour]], rye flour, and pancake mixes. The mill and the buhr stones are powered by water. Self-guided tours may be taken during regular business hours.

Greenville has a local history museum, the [[Garst Museum]], which features the most extensive known collections of memorabilia of [[Annie Oakley]] and [[Lowell Thomas]], both of whom were born nearby. It also holds historical artifacts relating to [[Anthony Wayne]] and the Treaty of Greenville, as well as Native American artifacts.

The museum also includes a village of shops; a wing of early American furnishings, pioneer life, and military uniforms; an early [[Indianapolis 500]] race car built in Greenville; and an extensive genealogy room for research. Also in Greenville is [[Greenville Carnegie Library|St. Clair Memorial Hall]], Darke County's center for the arts. Built in 1910, it has been completely remodeled and is a showpiece for all of Darke County.

Greenville was the site of the fourth investigation of the television series ''[[To Catch A Predator]]''.<ref name="Hansen1 2006">{{cite web |last=Hansen |first=Chris |title=Inside Dateline: Behind-the-scenes of 'Predator'|publisher=[[NBC News]]|date=April 26, 2006 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna12498249 |access-date=February 15, 2023}}</ref> Over three days in 2006, 18 men were arrested, with Darke County officers assisting the [[Dateline NBC]] crew. This investigation was credited with shining a light on online predation, even in rural areas, and is often cited as the episode that cemented ''To Catch A Predator'' in popular culture.<ref name="Lloyd 2016">{{cite web |last=Lloyd |first=Rachel |title=10 yrs.ago: Dateline in Greenville |website=Daily Advocate & Early Bird News |date=March 24, 2016 |url=https://www.dailyadvocate.com/2016/03/23/10-yrs-ago-dateline-in-greenville/ |access-date=February 15, 2023}}</ref>

==Media==
The city and surrounding areas are served by a [[daily newspaper]] published in Greenville, ''[[The Daily Advocate]]''.

==Notable people==
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[Jack Baldschun]], baseball player
*[[Jack Curtner]], racing driver
*[[Jeffrey D. Feltman]], [[United Nations]] diplomat
*[[Ray Hathaway]], baseball player
*[[Walter Law (actor)|Walter Law]], film and stage actor<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-advocate-greenville-native-ve/158355996/ |title=Greenville Native, Veteran Actor, Dead |date=1940-08-21 |newspaper=The Daily Advocate |page=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=2024-11-03}}{{Open access}}</ref>
*[[Matt Light]], American football player
*[[Rick Macci]], tennis coach
*[[Clayton Murphy]], Olympian
*[[Paul Norris]], comic book artist
*[[Annie Oakley]], American sharpshooter
*[[Bob Peebles]], Scottish-American professional golfer
*[[Gene Riegle]], [[harness racing]] driver and trainer
*[[Lowell Thomas]], writer and broadcaster
*[[Jim Van Bebber]], film director
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.cityofgreenville.org City website]
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Greenville (Ohio)|display=Greenville, a city and the county-seat of Darke county, Ohio, U.S.A. |short=x}}
* [http://www.archaeologicalconservancy.org/fort-greenville-ohio/] archaeological preservation of Fort Greenville

{{Darke County, Ohio}}
{{Ohio county seats}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Greenville, Ohio| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Ohio]]
[[Category:Cities in Darke County, Ohio]]
[[Category:1795 establishments in the Northwest Territory]]
[[Category:County seats in Ohio]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1795]]