Editing Greensboro, Vermont

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
<!-- Infobox begins. Additional parameter fields maybe available at Template:Infobox settlement -->
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Greensboro, Vermont
|other_name               =
|native_name              = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
|nickname                 =
|settlement_type          = Town
|motto                    =
|image_skyline            = GreensboroVT TownOffices.jpg
|imagesize                =
|image_caption            = Greensboro town offices
|image_flag               =
|flag_size                =
|image_seal               =
|seal_size                =
|image_shield             =
|shield_size              =
|image_blank_emblem       =
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|image_map                = greensboro_vt_highlight.png
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location in Vermont
|image_map1               = Map of USA VT.svg
|mapsize1                 = 195px
|map_caption1             = Location of Vermont with the U.S.A.
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Vermont]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Vermont|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Orleans County, Vermont|Orleans]]
|subdivision_type3        =
|subdivision_name3        =
|subdivision_type4        =
|subdivision_name4        =
|parts_type               = Communities
|parts                    = {{ubl|[[Greensboro (CDP), Vermont|Greensboro]]|East Greensboro|[[Greensboro Bend, Vermont|Greensboro Bend]]}}
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          =
|leader_title             =
|leader_name              =
|leader_title1            = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->
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|leader_title2            =
|leader_name2             =
|leader_title3            =
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|leader_title4            =
|leader_name4             =
|established_title        = Chartered
|established_date         = August 23, 1781
|area_magnitude           =
|unit_pref                =  Imperial
|area_footnotes           =
|area_total_km2           = 102.0
|area_land_km2            = 97.8
|area_water_km2           = 4.2
|area_total_sq_mi         = 39.4
|area_land_sq_mi          = 37.8
|area_water_sq_mi         = 1.6
|area_water_percent       =
|population_as_of         = 2020
|population_footnotes     =
|population_note          =
|population_total         = 811
|population_density_km2   = 8.3
|population_density_sq_mi = 
|population_blank1_title          = Households
|population_blank1                = 314
|population_blank2_title          = Families
|population_blank2                = 180
|timezone                 = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]]
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|coordinates              = {{coord|44|35|21|N|72|18|1|W|region:US-VT|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes      = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
|elevation_m              = 587
|elevation_ft             = 904
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]s
|postal_code              = 05841 (Greensboro)<br/>05842 ([[Greensboro Bend, Vermont|Greensboro Bend]])<br/>05826 ([[Craftsbury, Vermont|Craftsbury]])<br/>05827&nbsp;([[Craftsbury Common, Vermont|Craftsbury&nbsp;Common]])
|area_code                = [[Area code 802|802]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 50-30175<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 1462109<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
|website                  =
|footnotes                =
}}
<!-- Infobox ends -->

'''Greensboro''' is the southernmost [[Vermont municipality|town]] in [[Orleans County, Vermont|Orleans County]], [[Vermont]], United States. The population was 811 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US5001930175|title=Census - Geography Profile: Greensboro town, Orleans County, Vermont|access-date=December 30, 2021}}</ref> The town includes the places of Campbells Corners, East Greensboro, Gebbie Corner, Greensboro Four Corners, [[Greensboro Bend, Vermont|Greensboro Bend]], Tolman(s) Corner, and Burlington Point. Greensboro Bend and the central village of [[Greensboro (CDP), Vermont|Greensboro]] are classified as [[census-designated place]]s.

==History==
Greensboro was chartered in 1781.  The town was named for Timothy Green, one of the original charter recipients and an original landowner under the charter.  However, there is no evidence that he ever visited the town, and his land was sold for non-payment of taxes a few decades after he received it.<ref name = "First200">Peter D. Watson, Wilhelmina Smith, Lewis Hill, Nancy Hill, Sally Fisher, Patricia Haslam, Rhoda Metraux, Dorothy Ling, and Gail Sangree, ''The History of Greensboro: The First Two Hundred Years''. Greensboro Historical Society, 1990. Pp. 13-14.</ref><sup>:13-14</sup> Only three of the original proprietors settled in the town; most likely, the others were land speculators who sold their land to others or let it be sold at tax sales when buyers could not be found.<ref name="First200" /><sup>:18</sup>

The [[Bayley Hazen Military Road]], built before the town was chartered, allowed its development. The road passed to the west of Caspian Lake, and a wooden [[blockhouse]] was constructed there in 1779<ref name="First200" /><sup>:21-22</sup><ref name="WPA">Federal Writers Project, ''Vermont: A Guide to the Green Mountain State''.  Vermont State Planning Board/Works Progress Administration, 1937. P. 242.</ref> on what is now known as Block House Hill<ref name="First200" /><sup>:frontispiece</sup>. In 1781, the blockhouse's party of four was attacked by [[Abenaki]]; two were killed and two were captured.<ref name="First200" /><ref name="WPA" /><sup>:22-23</sup> A second road was built by [[Timothy Hinman]] between 1791 and 1793. This road, which came to be known as the [[Hinman Settler Road]], branched off from the Bayley-Hazen in Greensboro and continued to [[Derby, Vermont|Derby]]. These two roads were of major importance to the settlement of northern Vermont.<ref name="First200" /><sup>:23</sup>

The town sent many soldiers to fight in the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. Of eight prisoners of war from the town, confined to [[Andersonville Prison]], one returned.<ref name=c151222>{{Cite news |first=Joseph |last=Gresser |title=Greensboro's history - from Andersonville to Garbo | newspaper=The Chronicle |location=Barton, Vermont |pages= 1B |date=December 22, 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Caspian Lake from the golf links, Greensboro, Vt (69091).jpg|thumb|left|Postcard image {{circa|1940}}]]
In the early 20th century, a development near the Highland Lodge contained restrictive covenants in the title forbidding subsequent resale to Jews. These restrictions were found to be illegal by the [[US Supreme Court]] in [[Shelley v. Kraemer|1948]].<ref name=c151222/>

The Highland Lodge opened in 1954. It had a hotel and restaurant that was open year-round. It had a beach on Caspian Lake with sailboats, kayaks, and canoes; children's play programs and nature programs in the summer and nature hikes and cross-country ski trails in the winter. Special events included wedding, business retreats, music programs, workshops, and talks. It was largely closed in 2011,<ref>{{Cite news | first=Bethany M. | last=Dunbar | title=Highland Lodge closes its doors after 57 years | newspaper=the Chronicle |location=Barton, Vermont | pages= 1 | date=October 12, 2011 }}</ref> being open only for room and cottage rentals, but a group of investors purchased the property in December 2016 and have reopened the Lodge and restaurant seasonally.{{citation needed|date = August 2024}}

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of 39.4&nbsp;square miles (102.0&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), of which 37.8&nbsp;square miles (97.8&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) is land and 1.6&nbsp;square miles (4.2&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) (4.11%) is water.

The town includes Caspian Lake and most of Eligo Pond, also known as Lake Eligo.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1790= 19
|1800= 280
|1810= 566
|1820= 625
|1830= 784
|1840= 883
|1850= 1008
|1860= 1065
|1870= 1027
|1880= 1061
|1890= 918
|1900= 874
|1910= 931
|1920= 905
|1930= 831
|1940= 768
|1950= 737
|1960= 600
|1970= 593
|1980= 677
|1990= 717
|2000= 770
|2010= 762
|2020= 811
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=U.S. Decennial Census |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=June 19, 2015 }}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 770 people, 313 households, and 215 families residing in the town.  The [[population density]] was 20.4 people per square mile (7.9/km<sup>2</sup>).  There were 773 housing units at an average density of 20.5 per square mile (7.9/km<sup>2</sup>).  The racial makeup of the town was 96.36% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.13% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.78% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 2.73% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.65% of the population.

There were 313 households, out of which 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.5 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.9 males.

==Government==

===Town===
{{unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}{{update|section|date=April 2023}}
* Moderator – Timothy Nisbet
* Chair, Selectboard – Susan Wood
* Town Clerk – Kim Greaves
* Asst. Town Clerk – Kim Greaves, Jeanne Eisner
* Treasurer – Barbara Brooke
* Auditor – Patricia Mercier
* Auditor – Marsha Gadoury
* Lister – Kim Greaves
* Lister – Kristen Leahy
* Lister – Harold Tolman
* Trustee of Public Funds – Sherral Lumsden
* Library Trustee – Debbie Kasper
* Agent – David Smith
* Grand Juror – David Smith
* Water Board – Keith Meyers, John Mackin, Craig Dezell

===School District===

* Member, District School Board – Wayne Young
* Treasurer – Lorraine Tolman
* Member Lakeview Elementary School Board – Patricia Launer
* Member, Lakeview Elementary School Board – Mateo Kehler
* Member, Hazen School Board – Ed Karp

==Economy==
[[File:Greensboro, Vermont Aerial 2021-06-05.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Aerial photo of Greensboro village with Caspian Lake in the background]]

===Personal income===

The median income for a household in the town was $34,583, and the median income for a family was $40,917. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $20,917 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $19,396.  About 3.7% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="GR2" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://censtats.census.gov/data/VT/0605001930175.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=July 28, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813191304/http://censtats.census.gov/data/VT/0605001930175.pdf |archive-date=August 13, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Greensboro has the highest per capita income in Orleans County for a town. Newport city is higher. [[Vermont locations by per capita income|Greensboro's income ranks it 129th out of 282 census areas in Vermont]].

===Industry===

[[Circus Smirkus]], a non-profit youth circus, is based here.  The company was founded in Greensboro by [[Rob Mermin]] in 1987.

The Greensboro Arts Alliance and Residency (GAAR), the summer wing of [[The Mirror Theater Ltd]], was formed here in 2005 to mix professional Mirror Repertory Company members with local community members.<ref>BWW News Desk. "Brian Cox & Brian Murphy to Talk Shakespeare at Mirror Repertory Company, 7/26." BroadwayWorld.com. BroadwayWorld.com, July 24, 2015. Web. January 10, 2017. <http://www.broadwayworld.com/vermont/article/Brian-Cox-Brian-Murphy-to-Talk-Shakespeare-at-Mirror-Repertory-Company-726-20150724>.</ref>  In 2016, GAAR performed the American premiere of [[Joshua Sobol]]'s ''Sinners'', directed by [[Brian Cox (director)|Brian Cox]], in Greensboro.

[[Hill Farmstead Brewery]] is a local [[craft brewery]] that was named by RateBeer in 2015 as the "Best Brewery in the World", "Best Brewery in the United States", and "Top Brewery in Vermont".  It was previously voted the Best Brewery in the World in 2012 and 2014 as well.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/story/news/local/2015/01/30/hill-farmstead-tops-brewery-ratings/22595771/|title=Hill Farmstead tops brewery ratings, again|website=burlingtonfreepress.com}}</ref>

Jasper Hill Farm was awarded "Best Unpasteurized Cheese" for its Bayley Hazen Blue at the 2014 World Cheese Awards in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/11/18/jasper-hill-cheese-honored/19251889/|title=Jasper Hill wins world championship of raw-milk cheese|website=usatoday.com}}</ref>

====Tourism====

Caspian Lake is surrounded by cottages, many available for summer rental.
The lake is used for boating, sailing and fishing. There is a public beach at the south end, in town, with a boat ramp.
There are two inns in town, Highland Lodge, which rents rooms and cottages, and [[Lakeview Inn]], which holds group events.

Ice fishing is popular.

Greensboro has a nine-hole golf course, Mountain View, since circa 1895, with views of the lake and Mount Mansfield.

==Community==
The Greensboro Association was founded in 1934 to conceive, advance, and support village initiatives and organizations.

Greensboro was the setting of a short film called ''The Abels House is Green''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freshwater-films.com|title=Welcome to Fresh Water Films|website=www.freshwater-films.com}}</ref> directed by part-time resident Duncan M. Rogers.

The hub of town is a general store called Willeys.

The Green Mountain Monastery, a community of women, was formed here in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greenmountainmonastery.org/about.htm|title=Green Mountain Monastery|website=greenmountainmonastery.org|access-date=June 26, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720072514/http://www.greenmountainmonastery.org/about.htm|archive-date=July 20, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Notable people ==
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· The article must mention how they are associated with Greensboro, whether born, raised, or residing per [[WP:NLIST]] and [[WP:LISTPEOPLE]].
· The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited.
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* [[Alfred Barr]], art historian and the first director of the [[Museum of Modern Art]].
* [[Harriet Beecher Conant]], physician<ref>{{Cite book |last=Carleton |first=Hiram |url=https://archive.org/details/genealogicaland00compgoog |title=Genealogical and family history of the state of Vermont; a record of the achievements of her people in the making of a commonwealth and the founding of a nation |date=1903 |publisher=New York, Chicago, Lewis Pub. Co. |others=University of Michigan}}</ref>
* [[Jim Fixx|James F. Fixx]], Editor, Author & Greensboro summer resident 1961-1983.[https://hardwickgazette.com/2022/07/27/caspian-challenge-rooted-in-history/]
* [[Robert Gilpin]], professor emeritus at Princeton University<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.caledonianrecord.com/community/deaths/robert-bob-george-gilpin-jr-obituary/article_eb72fae4-06c9-57dc-9615-43ed52cdc796.html|title=Robert (Bob) George Gilpin Jr. Obituary|work=The Caledonian Record|access-date=November 16, 2018|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Warner A. Graham]], Associate Justice of the [[Vermont Supreme Court]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Cutler |first=William Richard |date=1914 |title=New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial |volume=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NdAUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1468 |location=New York, NY |publisher=Lewis Historical Publishing Company |page=1468 |ref={{sfnRef|''New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial''}}}}</ref>
* [[Andrew Johnson (skier)|Andrew Johnson]], cross-country skier
* [[Bliss Perry]], scholar and editor
* [[Benjamin H. Randall]], politician and businessman<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leg.state.mn.us/legdb/fulldetail?id=13649|title=Randall, Benjamin H. "B.H." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present|website=www.leg.state.mn.us|language=en|access-date=November 16, 2018}}</ref>
* [[William Hubbs Rehnquist]], Chief Justice of the United States<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/members.aspx|title=Justices 1789 to Present|website=www.supremecourt.gov|access-date=November 16, 2018|archive-date=April 29, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429170327/https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/members.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Wallace Stegner]], Pulitzer Prize-winning author<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/15/obituaries/wallace-stegner-is-dead-at-84-pulitzer-prize-winning-author.html|title=Wallace Stegner Is Dead at 84; Pulitzer Prize-Winning Author|last=Honan|first=William H.|newspaper=The New York Times |date=April 15, 1993 |access-date=November 16, 2018|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Anna E. Stoddard]] (1852-1936), writer, journalist, social reformer

==References==
<references/>

==External links==

{{commons category}}
* [http://greensborovt.org Town website]
* http://www.greensboroassociation.org/

{{Orleans County, Vermont}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Greensboro, Vermont| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Vermont]]
[[Category:Towns in Orleans County, Vermont]]