Editing Granjeno, Texas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Granjeno, Texas
|settlement_type          = [[List of cities in Texas|City]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = 
|image_caption            = 
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map               = Hidalgo County Granjeno.svg
|mapsize                 = 250px
|map_caption             = Location of Granjeno, Texas

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Texas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Hidalgo County, Texas|Hidalgo]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = Mayor
|leader_name              = Yvette Cabrera
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref  = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 0.79
|area_land_km2            = 0.79
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.30
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.30
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?g=160XX00US4830608 |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2020 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Granjeno city, Texas |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=February 7, 2024 }}</ref>
|population_total         = 283
|population_density_km2   = 359.43
|population_density_sq_mi = 930.92
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|pop_est_footnotes        = 
|population_est           = 

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|elevation_footnotes      = 
|elevation_m              = 33
|elevation_ft             = 108
| pushpin_map             = USA Texas#USA
| pushpin_label  = Granjeno
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
|coordinates              = {{coord|26|8|18|N|98|18|13|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 78572
|area_code                = [[Area code 956|956]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 48-30608<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 1336821<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
|website                  = 
|footnotes                = 
}}
[[File:SpinyHackberry Granjeno.JPG|thumb|Spiny hackberry or granjeno ([[Celtis ehrenbergiana|''Celtis pallida'']])]]
'''Granjeno''' is a city in [[Hidalgo County, Texas]], United States. The population was 283 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020"/> The city sits on the banks of the [[Rio Grande]], near the border with [[Mexico]]. Its name comes from the granjeno tree ([[Celtis ehrenbergiana|''Celtis pallida'']]) or spiny hackberry.

==History==
Founded in the late 18th century, Granjeno has a history that predates Texas statehood.<ref name="Mission Chamber">{{cite web | url = http://www.missionchamber.com/Community/Surrounding | title = Granjeno, Texas | work = About Rio Grande Valley cities | publisher = Greater Mission Chamber of Commerce | access-date = 2009-10-05 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091203170724/http://www.missionchamber.com/Community/Surrounding | archive-date = 2009-12-03 }}</ref><ref name="The Monitor">{{cite web | url = http://www.themonitor.com/news/granjeno-3506-mission-city.html | title = Recognizing Granjeno | publisher = The Monitor Newspaper, McAllen, TX | date = 2007-07-04 | access-date = 2009-10-05}}</ref> Granjeno Cemetery was established in 1872 with burials from both sides of the Rio Grande. By the mid-1930s, the community consisted of several dwellings.<ref name="Texas Escapes"/> A school established in Granjeno by 1948. Our Lady of Fatima Church was established in 1954 on land donated by Jose Concepcion Anzaldua. During the 1960s, growth in the community was stimulated by the development of a [[Colonia (United States)|colonia]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hrgvh | title = Granjeno, Texas | publisher = [[The Handbook of Texas]] online | access-date = 2009-10-05}}</ref> The population was estimated at 545 in 1976. Ten years later, that figure had decreased to 450. On January 26, 1993, Granjeno was [[municipal incorporation|incorporated]] as a city.<ref name="Mission Chamber"/> The population was just over 300 in 2000. Mayor (Yvette Cabrera) and two commissioners (Jennifer Alvarez and Mike Cisneros) <ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.themonitor.com/articles/leaders-12353-granjeno-city.html | title = New Granjeno leaders are all under 25 | publisher = The Monitor Newspaper, McAllen, TX | date = 2008-05-26 | access-date = 2009-10-05}}</ref>

Granjeno is adjacent to the Anzalduas County Park, which is known for its moss-covered trees. Construction on the nearby [[Anzalduas International Bridge]] began in mid-2007 and the bridge became operational in late 2009.<ref name="The Monitor"/>

El Granjeno Cemetery (Texas Historic Landmark) was established in 1872 with the burial of Don Antonio Garza. His brother, Don Juan Garza Escheverria, donated the surrounding land for use by the communities of El Granjeno and nearby Madero. A native of Reynosa, Mexico, Don Juan (born 1854) is buried there, along with many of his descendants. Specific instructions were spelled out in historic documents that the rear of the cemetery was to be reserved only for the burial of direct descendants of Don Juan Garza Escheverria. Also interred there are veterans of the Civil War, World War I and the Vietnam War.

==Geography==

Granjeno is located at {{coord|26|8|18|N|98|18|13|W|type:city}} (26.138316, –98.303484).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> It is situated off the junction of [[Farm to Market Road 494|FM 494]] and Old Military Road in southern Hidalgo County, approximately four miles southwest of McAllen.<ref name="Texas Escapes">{{cite web | url = http://www.texasescapes.com/SouthTexasTowns/Granjeno-Texas.htm| title = Granjeno, Texas | publisher = Texas Escapes Online Magazine | access-date = 2009-10-05}}</ref>  According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.3|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|2000= 313
|2010= 293
|2020= 283
|estyear= 
|estimate= 
|estref= 
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
Granjeno is part of the [[McAllen–Edinburg–Mission metropolitan area|McAllen–Edinburg–Mission]] and [[Reynosa–McAllen Metropolitan Area|Reynosa–McAllen]] metropolitan areas.

===2020 census===

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Granjeno racial composition'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4830608&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-21 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br /> (NH = Non-Hispanic){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>https://www.census.gov/ {{nonspecific|date=August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|3
|1.06%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|2
|0.71%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] (NH)
|1
|0.35%
|-
|Some Other Race (NH)
|2
|0.71%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|275
|97.17%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''283'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 283 people, 143 households, and 91 families residing in the city.

===2000 census===
At the 2000 [[census]],<ref name="GR2" /> there were 313 people, 93 households and 77 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|896.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 107 housing units at an average density of {{convert|306.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.44% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.32% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.92% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.32% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 99.36% of the population.

There were 93 households, of which 46.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 21.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.2% were non-families. 17.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.37 and the average family size was 3.81.

33.9% of the population were under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 15.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.0 males.

The [[median household income]] was $19,423 and the median family income was $19,904. Males had a median income of $16,705 and females $21,250. The [[per capita income]]  was $9,022. About 40.4% of families and 51.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 71.7% of those under age 18 and 39.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
Public education in the city of Granjeno is provided by the [[Hidalgo Independent School District]]. It is zoned to Salinas Elementary School, Ida Diaz Jr. High School, and [[Hidalgo Early College High School]].<ref name=HidalgoSchoolmap>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160509230155/http://kelly.hidalgo-isd.org/ourpages/auto/2011/7/27/40558149/HidalgoISDMap.pdf Hidalgo ISD School Map]. [[Hidalgo Independent School District]]. Retrieved on March 12, 2017.</ref><ref>"[http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/GUBlock/st48_tx/place/p4830608_granjeno/DC10BLK_P4830608_001.pdf 2010 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Granjeno city, TX]." [[U.S. Census Bureau]]. Retrieved on March 12, 2017.</ref>

In addition, [[South Texas Independent School District]] operates magnet schools that serve the community.

==References==

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{notelist}}

{{Hidalgo County, Texas}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Hidalgo County, Texas]]