Editing Gorham, Illinois

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gorham, Illinois
| official_name = 
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| settlement_type = [[List of towns and villages in Illinois|Village]]
| image_skyline = Gorham, Il Post Office (34580029103).jpg
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| image_alt = 
| image_caption = U.S. Post Office in Gorham
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| image_map = File:Jackson County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Gorham Highlighted.svg
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| map_caption = Location of Gorham in Jackson County, Illinois.
| image_map1 = Illinois in United States (US48).svg
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| map_caption1 = Location of Illinois in the United States
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| coordinates = {{coord|37|43|1|N|89|29|9|W|display=inline,title}}
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = United States
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = Illinois
| subdivision_type2 = County
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jackson County, Illinois|Jackson]]
| subdivision_type3 = Township
| subdivision_name3 = [[Sand Ridge Township, Jackson County, Illinois|Sand Ridge]]
| subdivision_type4 = 
| subdivision_name4 = 
| established_title = Founded
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| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = 
| leader_title1 = Village president
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| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_17.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 15, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 3.19
| area_total_sq_mi = 1.23
| area_land_km2 = 3.16
| area_land_sq_mi = 1.22
| area_water_km2 = 0.03
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.01
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| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft = 364
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| population_as_of = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total = 173
| pop_est_as_of = 
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| population_density_km2 = 54.78
| population_density_sq_mi = 141.92
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| timezone1 = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1 = -6
| timezone1_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST = -5
| timezone2 = 
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| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code|ZIP Code(s)]]
| postal_code = 62940
| postal2_code_type = 
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| area_code = [[Area code 618|618]]
| geocode = 
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| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 17-30588
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = 2398182<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2398182}}</ref>
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| blank2_name_sec2 = Wikimedia Commons
| blank2_info_sec2 = Gorham, Illinois
| website = 
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}}
'''Gorham''' is a village in [[Jackson County, Illinois|Jackson County]], [[Illinois]], [[United States]]. The population was 173 at the 2020 census.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US1730588 |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> It is known locally for its near-annihilation during the deadly [[1925 Tri-State tornado]].

==Geography==
Gorham is located at {{coord|37|43|1|N|89|29|9|W|type:city}} (37.716897, -89.485804).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Gorham has a total area of {{convert|1.23|sqmi|km2|2}}, of which {{convert|1.22|sqmi|km2|2}} (or 99.11%) is land and {{convert|0.01|sqmi|km2|2}} (or 0.89%) is water.<ref name="gaz2021">{{Cite web |author=US Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=Census.gov}}</ref>

Gorham is located in the middle of the Mississippi River floodplain, which is among the most fertile farming regions in the Midwestern United States. The village is at a particularly low elevated region of the floodplain known as the "Bottoms". This makes it more susceptible to flooding, as it was threatened in the infamous [[Great Flood of 1993]] and the New Year's Day Flood of 2016.

In 1925, the powerful [[Tri-State tornado outbreak|Tri-State Tornado]] struck the town at 2:26pm. Out of the 80 houses in the town, 60 were destroyed and the other 20 were damaged. The train depot and all the store fronts were also destroyed, as well as the top two floors of the school leaving only the first. 34 people were killed in the tornado.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Partlow |first=Geoff |title=America's Deadliest Twister: The Tri-State Tornado of 1925 |publisher=Southern Illinois University Press |isbn=978-0-8093-3346-2 |edition=1st |publication-date=July 25, 2014 |pages=6–10}}</ref>

Less than one mile south of Gorham is a large hill named Fountain Bluff. Though the bluff is not exceptionally well-known, its rock faces do attract occasional rock-climbers.  Etched into cliffs on the north side of this landform are several Native American [[petroglyph]]s.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left|1910= 392
|1920= 463
|1930= 517
|1940= 595
|1950= 447
|1960= 378
|1970= 361
|1980= 381
|1990= 290
|2000= 256
|2010= 236
|2020= 173
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]<ref name=":0" /> there were 173 people, 78 households, and 57 families residing in the village. The population density was {{Convert|140.65|PD/sqmi|PD/km2}}. There were 86 housing units at an average density of {{Convert|69.92|/sqmi|/km2}}. The racial makeup of the village was 93.06% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.58% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.58% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.00% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.00% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 3.47% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.31% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 7.51% of the population.

There were 78 households, out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.59% were married couples living together, 23.08% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.92% were non-families. 23.08% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.98 and the average family size was 3.37.

The village's age distribution consisted of 34.2% under the age of 18, 16.7% from 18 to 24, 21.3% from 25 to 44, 19% from 45 to 64, and 8.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 127.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $27,188, and the median income for a family was $38,125. Males had a median income of $21,563 versus $21,667 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $12,378. About 29.8% of families and 51.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 68.9% of those under age 18 and 0.0% of those age 65 or over.

==Notable person==
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* [[Joe Grace (baseball)|Joe Grace]] (1914–1969), professional baseball outfielder for the [[St. Louis Browns]] and [[History of the Washington Senators|Washington Senators]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Jackson County, Illinois}}

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[[Category:Villages in Jackson County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Villages in Illinois]]