Editing Gordon Campbell (Canadian politician)

{{short description|Premier of British Columbia from 2001 to 2011}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-suffix     = {{Post-nominals|size=100%|OC|OBC}}
| image                = First Minister meets Canadian High Commissioner (6195318448) (cropped) (cropped).jpg <!-- do not replace this by an unfree (i.e. "fair use" image) -->
| imagesize            = 
| smallimage           =
| caption              = Campbell in 2011
| order                =
| office               = [[High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom|Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom]]
| primeminister        = [[Stephen Harper]]<br>[[Justin Trudeau]]
| term_start           = September 15, 2011
| term_end             = July 19, 2016
| predecessor          = [[James R. Wright]]
| successor            = [[Janice Charette]]
| office1              = 34th [[Premier of British Columbia]]
| term_start1          = June 5, 2001
| term_end1            = March 14, 2011
| predecessor1         = [[Ujjal Dosanjh]]
| successor1           = [[Christy Clark]]
| monarch1             = [[Elizabeth II]]
| lieutenant_governor1 = [[Garde Gardom]]<br />[[Iona Campagnolo]]<br />[[Steven Point]]
| office2              = [[Leader of the Opposition in British Columbia]]<br />{{small|Elections: [[1996 British Columbia general election|1996]]}}
| term_start2          = February 17, 1994
| term_end2            = June 5, 2001
| preceded2            = [[Fred Gingell]] (acting)
| succeeded2           = [[Joy MacPhail]]
| office3              = Member of the [[Legislative Assembly of British Columbia]]
| constituency3        = [[Vancouver-Point Grey]]
| term_start3          = May 28, 1996
| term_end3            = March 15, 2011
| predecessor3         = [[Darlene Marzari]]
| successor3           = [[Christy Clark]]
| constituency4        = [[Vancouver-Quilchena]]
| term_start4          = February 17, 1994
| term_end4            = May 28, 1996
| predecessor4         = [[Art Cowie]]
| successor4           = [[Colin Hansen]]
| office5              = 35th [[list of mayors of Vancouver|Mayor of Vancouver]]
| term_start5          = 1986
| term_end5            = September 11, 1993
| predecessor5         = [[Michael Harcourt]]
| successor5           = [[Philip Owen]]
| party                = [[British Columbia Liberal Party|BC Liberal Party]]
| otherparty           = [[Non-Partisan Association]] (until 1993)
| birthname            = Gordon Muir Campbell
| birth_date           = {{Birth date and age|1948|1|12}}
| birth_place          = [[Vancouver]], British Columbia
| nationality          = Canadian
| children             = 2
| residence            =
| alma_mater           = [[Dartmouth College]] (BA) <br />[[Simon Fraser University]] (MBA)
|occupation = Businessman, diplomat, politician
|profession = Schoolteacher
| signature            = Gordon Campbell Signature.svg
| website              = 
| footnotes            =
}}
'''Gordon Muir Campbell''', {{post-nominals|country=CAN|OC|OBC}} (born January 12, 1948) is a retired Canadian diplomat and politician who was the 35th [[mayor of Vancouver]] from 1986 to 1993 and the 34th [[premier of British Columbia]] from 2001 to 2011.

He was the leader of the [[British Columbia Liberal Party]] from 1993 to 2011. From 2011 to 2016, he served as [[High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom|Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom]]<ref>[http://www.international.gc.ca/media/aff/news-communiques/2011/229.aspx?lang=eng&view=d Diplomatic Appointments] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235932/http://www.international.gc.ca/media/aff/news-communiques/2011/229.aspx?lang=eng&view=d |date=March 3, 2016 }}</ref> and Canada's representative to the [[Aga Khan IV|Ismaili Imamat]] from 2014 to 2016.<ref>[http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=914279 Diplomatic Appointments] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016230648/http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=914279 |date=October 16, 2015 }}</ref>

==Early life==
Campbell was born in [[Vancouver]], British Columbia. His father, Charles Gordon (Chargo) Campbell, was a [[physician]] and an assistant dean of medicine at the [[University of British Columbia]], until his suicide in 1961,<ref name=canenc/> when Gordon was 13.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001">{{Cite news | last=Bula | first=Frances |title=Hello Gordon Is that you? Or the other you? | newspaper=The Vancouver Sun | location=Vancouver,BC | date=April 28, 2001 | page=D3 }}</ref> His mother Peg was a kindergarten assistant at [[University Hill Elementary School]].<ref name=canenc/> The couple had four children. Gordon grew up in the [[West Point Grey]] neighbourhood of Vancouver and went to Stride Elementary, and [[University Hill Secondary School]]<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/><ref name=canenc/> where he was student council president.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> Upon graduation from high school, Campbell was accepted by [[Dartmouth College]], a well-known [[Ivy League]] institution in [[Hanover, New Hampshire]]; he had received a scholarship and a job offer so he could afford the tuition fees and defray educational expenses.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/>

Campbell intended to study medicine but was persuaded by three English professors to shift his focus to English and [[Urban planning|urban management]]. He earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree with a major in [[English studies|English]].<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> At Dartmouth College, in 1969, Campbell received a $1,500 Urban Studies Fellowship that made it possible for him to work in Vancouver's city government<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> where he met [[Art Phillips]], a [[The Electors' Action Movement|TEAM]] city councilor who later became the 32nd mayor of Vancouver.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/>

== Early career ==
After graduating from college that year, Campbell and Nancy Chipperfield married in New Westminster on July 4, 1970.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> Under the [[CUSO|Canadian University Service Overseas]] (CUSO) program,<ref name="mapleleaf">{{Cite journal | title=Gordon Campbell | journal=Maple Leaf Web | date=June 20, 2007 | url=http://www.mapleleafweb.com/voter-almanac/gordon-campbell | access-date=December 14, 2008 | archive-date=February 12, 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212073127/http://mapleleafweb.com/voter-almanac/gordon-campbell | url-status=live }}</ref> they went to Nigeria to teach. There he coached basketball and track and field and launched literacy initiatives.<ref name="mapleleaf"/> [[Stanford]]  accepted Campbell to pursue a master's degree in education, but the couple returned to Vancouver instead where Campbell entered law school at the [[University of British Columbia]] (UBC) and Nancy earned her education degree.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> Campbell's law school education was short-lived; as he soon returned to the City of Vancouver to work for Art Phillips on his mayoral campaign. When Phillips was elected in 1972, Campbell became his executive assistant, a job he held until 1976.<ref name=canenc>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/gordon-campbell-profile/|title=Gordon Campbell (Profile)|last=Wood|first=Chris|encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]|access-date=August 20, 2019|date=|archive-date=August 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816003528/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/gordon-campbell-profile|url-status=live}}, source: [[Maclean's]], 1999</ref>

At 28 years old, he left Mayor Phillips's office and went to work for Marathon Realty as a project manager.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> In 1976, Geoffrey, the Campbells' first child, was born. In 1978, the Campbells bought a house in Point Grey, which remained their home for the next 26 years.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> From 1975 to 1978, Campbell pursued a Master of Business Administration degree at Simon Fraser University's [[Beedie School of Business]]. In 1979, Nancy Campbell gave birth to their second child, Nicholas.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/>

In 1981, Campbell left Marathon Realty and started his own business, Citycore Development Corporation. Despite the economic slowdown that affected Canada that year, his company was successful and constructed several buildings in Vancouver.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Lee | first=Jeff | title=For the premier, it's all about change | newspaper=The Vancouver Sun | location=Vancouver,BC | date=April 16, 2005 | page=C3 }}</ref>

After a two-year absence from civic political activities, Campbell became involved in the mayoral campaign of May Brown<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://orderofbc.gov.bc.ca/members/obc-1993/1993-may-brown/|title=1993 Recipient: May Brown – Vancouver : Order of BC|website=orderofbc.gov.bc.ca|language=en-US|access-date=2017-03-22|archive-date=March 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317170407/http://orderofbc.gov.bc.ca/members/obc-1993/1993-may-brown/|url-status=live}}</ref> and was an active supporter of the Downtown Stadium for Vancouver Committee. Although Brown was unsuccessful, Campbell and the committee continued promoting the stadium to revitalize [[False Creek]], which at the time was polluted industrial land.<ref name="vancouversunapril2001"/> The committee was eventually successful, as Premier [[Bill Bennett]] announced the Downtown Stadium project in 1980.

==Vancouver Councillor and Mayor==
Campbell was elected to Vancouver City Council in 1984 as a member of the [[Non-Partisan Association]]. He was then elected as mayor of Vancouver for three successive terms from 1986 to 1993. Notable events in civic politics during that period included the development of the [[Expo 86|Expo Lands]], the re-development of [[Yaletown]], and the foundation of the [[Coal Harbour]] residential area. One of the most significant projects of his term was the construction of the new [[Vancouver Public Library]]. He also served as chair of the [[Greater Vancouver Regional District]] and president of the Union of British Columbia Municipalities.

==Liberal leader==
Campbell became leader of the [[British Columbia Liberal Party]] in 1993 in a three-way race with [[Gordon Gibson, Jr.]] and [[Gordon Wilson (British Columbia politician)|Gordon Wilson]], the incumbent party leader, who had lost the confidence of his party. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly the next year in a [[by-election]] in [[Vancouver-Quilchena]].

In the [[1996 British Columbia election|1996 campaign]], Campbell was elected to the [[Vancouver-Point Grey]] [[electoral district (Canada)|riding]], which he held until 2010. The Liberals entered the election leading in the polls because of a [[Bingogate|fundraising scandal]] in the [[British Columbia New Democratic Party|New Democratic Party]] (NDP).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Tom |date=February 25, 2013 |title=Amazing Comebacks Christy Clark Hopes to Emulate |url=https://thetyee.ca/News/2013/02/25/Christy-Clark-Comeback/print.html |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=[[The Tyee]] |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213245/https://thetyee.ca/News/2013/02/25/Christy-Clark-Comeback/print.html }}</ref> His party gained 16 seats and won a slight [[Plurality (voting)|plurality]] of the popular vote, but the NDP retained enough seats to continue as the majority government. He stayed on as [[Leader of the Opposition (British Columbia)|leader of the Opposition]], opposing NDP premiers [[Glen Clark]], [[Dan Miller (Canadian politician)|Dan Miller]] and [[Ujjal Dosanjh]].

In May 2000, Campbell, along with [[Michael de jong|Michael de Jong]] and [[Geoff Plant|Geoffrey Plant]], brought a court case against the [[Nisga’a people|Nisga'a Nation]], the Attorney General of Canada and the Attorney General of British Columbia, parties to the first modern-day Aboriginal Treaty in British Columbia, known as the [[Nisga'a Final Agreement]]. He and the other plaintiffs claimed the treaty signed with the Nisga'a Nation was "in part inconsistent with the [[Canadian Constitution|Constitution of Canada]] and therefore in part of no force and effect". However, Justice Williamson dismissed the application, judging that the enacting legislation did "establish a treaty as contemplated by [[Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982]]. The legislation and the Treaty are constitutionally valid."<ref>{{Cite web |title= Campbell et al v. AG BC/AG Cda & Nisga'a Nation et al 2000 BCSC 1123 |url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/jdb-txt/sc/00/11/s00-1123.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020624222421/http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/jdb-txt/sc/00/11/s00-1123.htm |archive-date=June 24, 2002 |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=courts.gov.bc}}</ref>

Premier Glen Clark's government was beset by controversy, difficult economic and fiscal conditions, attacks on the NDP's building of the [[Fast Ferry Scandal|Fast Ferries]] and charges against Clark in relation to casino licensing, known as Casinogate. (Clark was eventually vindicated, though resigned his post because of the investigation.)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hawthorne |first=Tom |date=May 13, 2013 |title=The Deck that Collapsed a Premier |url=https://thetyee.ca/Life/2013/05/13/Glen-Clarks-Deck/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2018 |website=The Tyee |archive-date=May 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505193238/https://thetyee.ca/Life/2013/05/13/Glen-Clarks-Deck/ }}</ref> In the [[2001 British Columbia general election|BC election of 2001]], Campbell's Liberals defeated the two-term NDP incumbents, taking 77 of 79 seats in the legislature. This was the largest majority of seats and the second-largest majority of the popular vote in BC history.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elections British Columbia |title=Electoral History of British Columbia 1871-1986 |url=http://www.elections.bc.ca/docs/rpt/1871-1986_ElectoralHistoryofBC.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613200446/http://www.elections.bc.ca/docs/rpt/1871-1986_ElectoralHistoryofBC.pdf |archive-date=June 13, 2011 |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=elections.bc}}</ref>

==Premier (2001−2011)==

===First term===

====Tax====
In 2001, Campbell campaigned on a promise to reduce income taxes significantly to stimulate the economy.  A day after taking office, he reduced personal [[income tax]] for all taxpayers by 25 per cent<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tax Cut Fact Sheet |url=http://www.fin.gov.bc.ca/archive/efu/pdf/update_factsheet.pdf  |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175721/http://www.fin.gov.bc.ca/archive/efu/pdf/update_factsheet.pdf  |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=March 16, 2007 |website=fin.gov.bc}}</ref> across every [[tax bracket]]. The government also introduced reductions in the corporate income tax, and eliminated the Corporation Capital Tax.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ward |first=Doug |date=May 6, 2013 |title=BC Liberals' 12 Years of Tax Shifts, Explained |url=https://thetyee.ca/News/2013/05/06/BC-Liberals-Tax-Shifts/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-date=November 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129172720/https://thetyee.ca/News/2013/05/06/BC-Liberals-Tax-Shifts/ }}</ref>

====Spending====
To finance the tax cuts and to balance the provincial budget, Campbell's first term was also noted for several measures of fiscal [[austerity]] such as reductions in welfare rolls and some social services, [[deregulation]], sale of government assets (in particular the ferries built by the previous government during the [[Fast Ferry Scandal]]), reducing the size of the civil service, and closing government offices in certain areas.<ref>{{Cite report |title=Cost Shift How British Columbians are paying for their tax cut |last1=Fuller |first1=Sylvia |last2=Stephens |first2=Lindsey |date=July 2002 |publisher=Canadian Centre for Policy Analysis BC Office}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2003 |title=B.C.'s fast ferries sell for virtually nothing |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/b-c-s-fast-ferries-sell-for-virtually-nothing-1.377106 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=[[CBC News]] |archive-date=January 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124134303/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/b-c-s-fast-ferries-sell-for-virtually-nothing-1.377106 }}</ref>

==== BC Rail ====
In 2003, Campbell announced the sale of [[BC Rail]], a publicly owned rail corporation, to the [[Canadian National Railway]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/cn-buys-bc-rail-for-1-billion/article1169469/|title=CN buys BC Rail for $1-billion|access-date=October 2, 2019|archive-date=February 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213246/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/cn-buys-bc-rail-for-1-billion/article1169469/|url-status=live}}</ref> This occurred even though he had made a campaign promise not to sell the company during the [[2001 British Columbia general election|2001 British Columbia election]]. In [[1996 British Columbia general election|1996, he had lost an election]] after promising to sell BC Rail, leading some to allege that he had hidden his true plans to get elected in 2001, and "went back to his original plan" after winning the election in 2001.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2011/12/27/BCRail/|title=How BC Rail Was Made to Disappear|last=Tieleman|first=Bill|date=December 27, 2011|website=The Tyee|language=en|access-date=October 2, 2019|archive-date=January 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190103063558/https://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2011/12/27/BCRail/|url-status=live}}</ref> This sale was condemned as unfair by the losing bidders, and triggered charges based in information found during police raids on cabinet offices in a drug-related investigation in what is known as the [[BC Legislature Raids]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/05/24/LibsBCRailSale/ |title=How Libs Made BC Rail's True Value a Fake Train Wreck |magazine=The Tyee |date=April 24, 2010 |first=Will |last=McMartin |access-date=December 11, 2010 |archive-date=November 25, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125203909/http://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/05/24/LibsBCRailSale/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/03/29/GordonBCRail/ |title=Liberals, Stop Lying about BC Rail |magazine=The Tyee |date=March 29, 2010 |first=Will |last=McMartin |access-date=December 11, 2010 |archive-date=January 16, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110116082923/http://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/03/29/GordonBCRail/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Education====
The Campbell government passed legislation in August 2001 declaring education as an essential service, therefore making it illegal for educators to go on strike. This fulfilled a platform promise made in the election campaign.<ref>{{cite web |author=Ministry of Skills Development and Labour |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/archive/2001-2005/2002SDL0023-000659.htm |title=Government Honours Labour Commitments |publisher=.news.gov.bc.ca |date=August 14, 2001 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612073738/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/archive/2001-2005/2002SDL0023-000659.htm |archive-date=June 12, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The government embarked upon the largest expansion of BC's post-secondary education system since the foundation of [[Simon Fraser University]] in 1965. In 2004, the government announced that 25,000 new post-secondary places would be established between 2004 and 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.bc.ca/bvprd/bc/content.do?brwId%3D%402Jk7M%7C0YQtuW%26navId%3DNAV_ID_province%26crumb%3DB.C.+Home%26crumburl%3D%2Fhome.do |title=New Post-Secondary Student Spaces |access-date=March 16, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070415122345/http://www.gov.bc.ca/bvprd/bc/content.do?brwId=%402Jk7M%7C0YQtuW&navId=NAV_ID_province&crumb=B.C.+Home&crumburl=%2Fhome.do |archive-date=April 15, 2007}}</ref>

The Campbell government also lifted the six-year-long [[Tuition payments|tuition]] fee freeze that was placed on BC universities and colleges by the previous NDP government. In 2005 a tuition limit policy was put in place, capping increases at the rate of inflation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/tuition/tuition_policy.htm |title=Tuition Fees – Ministry of Advanced Education and Labour Market Development |publisher=Aved.gov.bc.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013023759/http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/tuition/tuition_policy.htm |archive-date=October 13, 2008 }}</ref>

====Environmental====
Campbell made significant changes, including new Environmental Assessment Legislation, as well as controversial new aquaculture policies on [[salmon farming]]. In November 2002, His government passed the Forest and Range Practices Act<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forest & Range Practices Act (FRPA) |url=https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/laws-policies-standards-guidance/legislation-regulation/forest-range-practices-act |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=gov.bc.ca |archive-date=November 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128231446/https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/laws-policies-standards-guidance/legislation-regulation/forest-range-practices-act }}</ref> which reversed many of the regulations previously introduced by the former New Democrat government.<ref>{{Cite report |title="Timber Rules" Forest Regulations Lower Standards, Tie Government Hands and Reduce Accountability |last=West Coast Environmental Law |date=February 2004}}</ref><ref>{{Cite report |title=BC Forests 2003: An Appraisal of Government Policies |last1=Marchak |first1=Patricia |last2=Allen |first2=S. Denise |publisher=David Suzuki Foundation}}</ref>

====First Nations====
{{Main|British Columbia Treaty Referendum}}
During the 2001 election, the BC Liberals also campaigned on a promise to hold a consultative referendum seeking a mandate from the general public to negotiate treaties with [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]]. In the spring of 2002, the government held the referendum.<ref name="trearyref">{{Cite web |title=B.C. Treaty Referendum |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aboriginals/bc_treaty_referendum.html |url-status=dead |website = CBC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118234829/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aboriginals/bc_treaty_referendum.html |archive-date=January 18, 2012 |access-date=July 2, 2002}}</ref>

The referendum, led by attorney general [[Geoff Plant]], proposed eight questions that voters were asked to either support or oppose. Critics claimed the phrasing was flawed or biased toward a predetermined response. While some critics, especially First Nations and religious groups, called for a boycott of the referendum, by the May 15 deadline almost 800,000 British Columbians had cast their ballots. Critics called for a boycott of the referendum and First Nations groups collected as many ballots as possible so that they might be destroyed publicly.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thetyee.ca/Views/2005/05/18/OrphaningSTV/ |title=The Orphaning of STV |work=The Tyee |date=May 18, 2005 |first=Dee |last=Hon |access-date=December 11, 2010 |archive-date=March 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318234636/http://thetyee.ca/Views/2005/05/18/OrphaningSTV/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2, 2004 |title=B.C. treaty referendum |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news2/background/aboriginals/bc_treaty_referendum.html |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=cbc.ca |archive-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114220436/https://www.cbc.ca/news2/background/aboriginals/bc_treaty_referendum.html }}</ref>

Of the ballots that were returned, over 80 per cent of participating voters agreed to all eight proposed principles.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.elections.bc.ca/docs/rpt/2002-CEOReport-TreatyNegotiationsReferendum.pdf |title=Report of the Chief Electoral Officer on the Treaty Negotiations Referendum |publisher=[[Elections BC]] |date=September 9, 2002 |first=Linda |last=Johnson |access-date=December 11, 2010 |archive-date=August 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808143502/http://www.elections.bc.ca/docs/rpt/2002-CEOReport-TreatyNegotiationsReferendum.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Treaty negotiations resumed.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 5, 2002 |title=The BC Treaty Negotiations Referendum |url=http://www.turtleisland.org/news/news-bctreaty-referendum1.htm |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=Turtle Island Native Network |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112040616/http://www.turtleisland.org/news/news-bctreaty-referendum1.htm }}</ref>

In the lead-up to the 2005 election, Campbell discussed opening up a New Relationship with Aboriginal People.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gov.bc.ca/arr/newrelationship/default.html |title=New Relationship |publisher=Gov.bc.ca |date=April 2, 2008 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=June 26, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626062529/http://www.gov.bc.ca/arr/newrelationship/default.html |url-status=live }}</ref> This position was directly opposite to his view of aboriginal treaties pursued in the 2000 Nisga'a Final Treaty court case, discussed above. The "New Relationship" became the foundation for agreements in principle that were made during the second term,<ref>{{Cite web |title=British Columbia: Building relationships with Indigenous peoples |url=https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/indigenous-people/new-relationship |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=gov.bc.ca |archive-date=February 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211074005/https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/indigenous-people/new-relationship }}</ref> but ultimately rejected by the membership of the First Nations involved.

====Health care====
In 2004, Campbell imposed an unprecedented 15% pay cut to health care employees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Armstrong |first=Jane |date=April 29, 2004 |title=Back-to-work legislation imposes 15% pay cut on health-care staff |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/back-to-work-legislation-imposes-15-pay-cut-on-health-care-staff/article18281516/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 27, 2021 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]] |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213247/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/back-to-work-legislation-imposes-15-pay-cut-on-health-care-staff/article18281516/ }}</ref> Early in its first term, without consulting labour unions,<ref name=Supreme>{{cite web|title=(2007 SCC 27) Health Services and Support - Facilities Subsector Bargaining Assn. v. British Columbia|url=http://scc-csc.lexum.com/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/2366/index.do|publisher=[[Supreme Court of Canada]]|access-date=June 28, 2014|date=June 8, 2007|archive-date=March 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311075427/http://scc-csc.lexum.com/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/2366/index.do|url-status=live}}</ref> his government passed legislation (Bill 29, the ''Health and Social Services Delivery Improvement Act'')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Health and Social Services Delivery Improvement Act |url=https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/consol18/consol18/00_02002_01 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=bclaws.gov.bc |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213246/https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/consol18/consol18/00_02002_01 }}</ref> that unilaterally amended labour agreements and required health authorities to contract out positions when savings could be predicted. This led to the privatization of more than 8,000 healthcare jobs.<ref name=cbc07>{{cite news|title=Big win for unions as ruling says bargaining protected|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/big-win-for-unions-as-ruling-says-bargaining-protected-1.632216|access-date=28 June 2014|publisher=CBC|date=June 8, 2007|ref=cbc07|archive-date=June 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626181851/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/big-win-for-unions-as-ruling-says-bargaining-protected-1.632216|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-15195675_ITM | work=Labour/Le Travail | title=Neoliberalism and working-class resistance in British Columbia: the hospital employees' union Struggle, 2002–2004 | date=March 22, 2006 | access-date=March 14, 2007 | archive-date=September 30, 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930213041/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-15195675_ITM | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|242509433}} |last1=Zacharias |first1=Yvonne |title=Health-care unions sue government over Bill 29: Two court actions claim that the bill strips workers of rights and is unconstitutional |newspaper=The Vancouver Sun |date=20 March 2002 |page=B1 }}</ref> These changes met resistance from many health care workers and resulted in a strike by some of them. A court order and amendments by the government to parts of the legislation ended the strike.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hospital workers vote for privatization settlement|url=https://bc.ctvnews.ca/hospital-workers-vote-for-privatization-settlement-1.278067|access-date=June 1, 2018|website=[[CTV Television Network|CTV]]|date=February 22, 2008|archive-date=February 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222053032/http://bc.ctvnews.ca/hospital-workers-vote-for-privatization-settlement-1.278067|url-status=live}}</ref> The unions took the issue to the [[Supreme Court of Canada]], which ruled in 2007 that the Act violated "good faith" requirements for collective bargaining.<ref name=cbc07 />

The Campbell government increased health funding by $3&nbsp;billion during its first term in office to help meet the demand at hand and to increase wages for some health professionals.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bcbudget.gov.bc.ca/2005/default.htm |title=Balanced Budget 2005 – Province of British Columbia |publisher=Bcbudget.gov.bc.ca |date=February 15, 2005 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=July 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100731063929/http://www.bcbudget.gov.bc.ca/2005/default.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> As well, they increased the number of new nurse training spaces by 2,500, an increase of 62 percent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northernhealth.ca/News_Events/Media_Centre_and_News/20060511UNBCnursinggrads.asp |title=NH hires new UNBC nursing grads; over 100 nursing students find summer employment in NH facilities|publisher=Northernhealth.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000528/http://www.northernhealth.ca/News_Events/Media_Centre_and_News/20060511UNBCnursinggrads.asp| archive-date=September 28, 2007}}</ref> At the same time, it nearly doubled the doctors in training and opened new medical training facilities in Victoria and Prince George.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/medicalexpansion |title=Medical Training Expansion – Ministry of Advanced Education and Labour Market Development |publisher=Aved.gov.bc.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101121062921/http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/medicalexpansion/ |archive-date=November 21, 2010}}</ref>

Wage rates for doctors and nurses increased in the Campbell government's first term. Nurses received a 23.5 percent raise while doctors received a 20.6 percent raise after arbitration.<ref>{{cite web |author=Office of the Premier, Ministry of Skills Development and Labour |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/archive/2001-2005/2002SDL0024-000665.htm |title=Legislation To End Health-Care Disputes |publisher=.news.gov.bc.ca |date=August 7, 2001 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=May 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515065905/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/archive/2001-2005/2002SDL0024-000665.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Ministry of Health Services |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/archive/2001-2005/2002HSER0033-000455.htm |title=Doctors to Receive 20.6% Increase, Arbitration Ended |publisher=.news.gov.bc.ca |date=March 5, 2002 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=May 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515065934/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/archive/2001-2005/2002HSER0033-000455.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>  Doctors had threatened to go on strike because of the original Campbell plan to slash their fees, which was seen as a breach of contract, with the dispute being sent to arbitration.

====Impaired driving====

In January 2003, after visiting broadcaster [[Fred Latremouille]], Campbell was arrested and pleaded [[Nolo contendere|no contest]] for [[driving under the influence|driving under the influence of alcohol]] while vacationing in [[Hawaii]]. According to court records, Campbell's [[Blood alcohol content|blood-alcohol]] level was more than twice the legal limit.  In Hawaii, drunk driving is only a misdemeanour, whereas in Canada it is a Criminal Code offence.  As is customary in the United States, Campbell's [[Mug shot|mugshot]] was provided to the media by Hawaii police. The image has proved to be a lasting personal embarrassment, frequently used by detractors and opponents. Campbell was fined $913 (US) and the court ordered him to take part in a [[substance abuse]] program, and to be assessed for [[alcoholism]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/b-c-premier-fined-for-drunk-driving-1.395741 | work=[[CBC News]] | title=B.C. premier fined for drunk driving | date=March 24, 2003 | access-date=June 1, 2018 | archive-date=July 16, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716011608/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/b-c-premier-fined-for-drunk-driving-1.395741 | url-status=live }}</ref>

A national anti-drinking and driving group, [[MADD Canada|Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) Canada]] called for Campbell to resign.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/b-c-premier-should-quit-over-drunk-driving-charge-madd-1.372946 | work=[[CBC News]] | title=B.C. premier should quit over drunk driving charge: MADD | date=January 12, 2003 | access-date=March 29, 2014 | archive-date=March 29, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329100704/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/b-c-premier-should-quit-over-drunk-driving-charge-madd-1.372946 | url-status=live }}</ref>  Campbell refused.

====Minimum wage====
On November 1, 2001, the Campbell BC Liberals honoured the previous NDP government's legislation to increase the [[minimum wage]] to $8.00 per hour from $7.60, while at the same time authority was given so new entrants into the [[labour force]] could be paid $6 per hour, 25% lower than the minimum wage.  In 2010, British Columbia had the lowest minimum wage amongst the 13 provinces and territories.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ivanova |first=Iglika |date=January 18, 2011 |title=BC's $8 minimum wage sets another record (low) |url=https://www.policynote.ca/bcs-8-minimum-wage-sets-another-record-low/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=policynote.ca |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923225753/https://www.policynote.ca/bcs-8-minimum-wage-sets-another-record-low/ }}</ref> Campbell's successor, [[Christy Clark]], announced that the minimum wage would increase in three stages to begin on May 1, 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Macleod |first=Andrew |title=BC gets first raise to minimum wage in a decade |url=https://thetyee.ca/Blogs/TheHook/BC-Politics/2011/03/16/MinimumWage/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=The Tyee |date=March 16, 2011 |archive-date=May 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507224440/https://thetyee.ca/Blogs/TheHook/BC-Politics/2011/03/16/MinimumWage/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Premier announces increase to minimum wage|url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2011PREM0019-000267.htm|website=news.gov.bc.ca|date=March 16, 2011 |access-date=September 11, 2011|archive-date=September 7, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907092852/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2011PREM0019-000267.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

====2010 Winter Olympics====
British Columbia won the right to host the [[2010 Winter Olympics]] on July 2, 2003.  This was a joint Winter Olympics bid by Vancouver and the ski resort of Whistler.<ref name="vec.ca">{{cite web |url=http://www.vec.ca/english/4/2010-winter-olympics.cfm |title=2010 Winter Olympics – Vancouver, Home of the Winter Olympic Games in 2010 |publisher=Vec.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101101121921/http://www.vec.ca/English/4/2010-winter-olympics.cfm |archive-date=November 1, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Campbell attended the final presentations in [[Prague]], the [[Czech Republic]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 1, 2003 |title=Gretzky, Canadians descend on Prague for Olympic vote |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/gretzky-canadians-descend-on-prague-for-olympic-vote-1.387359 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=cbc.ca |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213248/https://www.cbc.ca/sports/gretzky-canadians-descend-on-prague-for-olympic-vote-1.387359 }}</ref>

On February 12, 2010, Campbell was in attendance at the [[2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony|opening ceremony for the 2010 Winter Olympics]] in Vancouver<ref>{{Cite news |last=Miliken |first=Mary |title=Games open in Canada's wintry indoor paradise |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/instant-article/idUKTRE61A56B20100213 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=[[Reuters]] |date=February 13, 2010 |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213247/https://www.reuters.com/article/instant-article/idUKTRE61A56B20100213 }}</ref> and attended events during the games and was present at the [[2010 Winter Olympics closing ceremony|closing ceremony]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lynch |first=Brian |date=February 28, 2010 |title=Olympic closing ceremony gets surreal |url=https://www.straight.com/article-295212/vancouver/olympic-closing-ceremonies-get-surreal |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=[[The Georgia Straight]] |archive-date=January 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117033333/https://www.straight.com/article-295212/vancouver/olympic-closing-ceremonies-get-surreal }}</ref>

On April 23, 2010, Campbell received the [[Olympic Order]] from the [[Canadian Olympic Committee]] for being a dedicated proponent of the [[Olympic Movement]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/April2010/16/c3267.html |title=The Honourable Gordon Campbell to Receive Canadian Olympic Order |publisher=Newswire.ca |date=November 24, 2010 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213249/https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/the-honourable-gordon-campbell-to-receive-canadian-olympic-order-539704651.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Second term===
In the [[2005 British Columbia general election|May 17, 2005, election]], Campbell and the BC Liberals won a second majority government with a reduced majority.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Laanela` |first=Mike |date=March 24, 2009 |title=The BC Liberal Party |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/the-bc-liberal-party-1.863627 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=CBC |archive-date=May 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501185455/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/the-bc-liberal-party-1.863627 }}</ref>

====Economy====
430,000 new jobs had been created in B.C. since December 2001,<ref name="gov.bc.ca">{{cite web |url=http://www.gov.bc.ca/keyinitiatives/economic_indicators.html |title=Positive Economic Indicators – Province of British Columbia |publisher=Gov.bc.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100814235119/http://www.gov.bc.ca/keyinitiatives/economic_indicators.html |archive-date=August 14, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> the best job creation record in Canada at the time.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gordon Campbell|url=http://www.leadershipcanada.ca/2017-conference/ggclc-speakers-2017/gordon-campbell/|website=The Governor General's Canadian Leadership Conference|access-date=12 September 2017|archive-date=June 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629131410/http://www.leadershipcanada.ca/2017-conference/ggclc-speakers-2017/gordon-campbell/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2007, the economy created 70,800 more jobs, almost all full-time positions.<ref name="gov.bc.ca"/> By Spring 2007, unemployment had fallen to 4.0%, the lowest rate in 30 years. However, 40,300 jobs were lost in 2008, mostly in December (35,100), and the unemployment rates sat at 7.8% as of July 2009,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statcan.ca/english/Subjects/Labour/LFS/lfs-en.htm |title=Latest release from the Labour Force Survey. Friday, November&nbsp;5, 2010 |publisher=Statcan.ca |date=November 5, 2010 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=April 6, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070406223735/http://www.statcan.ca/english/Subjects/Labour/LFS/lfs-en.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> the same level they were at in July 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/pubs/lfs/lfs0112.pdf |title=The BC Labour Market in 2001 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=June 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611235832/http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/pubs/lfs/lfs0112.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Education====
On October 7, 2005, following the successive imposition of contracts on BC teachers, British Columbia's teachers began an indefinite walk-out. Campbell having made striking illegal for teachers, educators referred to this as an act of [[civil disobedience]]. Despite fines and contempt charges, the teachers' walk-out lasted two weeks, and threatened to culminate in a [[general strike]] across the province.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 23, 2005 |title=B.C. teachers end strike |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/b-c-teachers-end-strike-1.521053 |url-status=live |website=CBC |access-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-date=October 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001134257/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/b-c-teachers-end-strike-1.521053 }}</ref>

====Environmental====
In 2008, Premier Campbell's government developed and entrenched in law the [[Climate Action Plan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.livesmartbc.ca/government/plan.html |title=LiveSmart BC – Climate Action Plan |publisher=Livesmartbc.ca |date=September 30, 2008 |access-date=May 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706184338/http://www.livesmartbc.ca/government/plan.html |archive-date=July 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> The Plan is claimed by the government to be one of the most progressive plans to address [[greenhouse gas emissions]] in North America, due in part to the revenue-neutral [[carbon tax]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bcbudget.gov.bc.ca/2008/backgrounders/backgrounder_carbon_tax.htm |title=Balanced Budget 2008 Backgrounder – Province of British Columbia |publisher=Bcbudget.gov.bc.ca |date=February 19, 2008 |access-date=May 19, 2011 |archive-date=May 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080520064327/http://www.bcbudget.gov.bc.ca/2008/backgrounders/backgrounder_carbon_tax.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Gordon Campbell told [[Tim Flannery]] that he introduced the [[carbon tax]] in [[British Columbia]] after reading his book ''[[The Weather Makers]]'' (2005).<ref>[[Tim Flannery]], ''Atmosphere of Hope. Solutions to the Climate Crisis'', [[Penguin Books]], 2015, page 5 ({{ISBN|9780141981048}}).</ref>

====First Nations====
The Campbell government attempted to negotiate treaties with a number of First Nations in its second term.  Final agreements in principle were signed with the [[Tsawwassen First Nation]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Office of the Premier, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006OTP0181-001479.htm |title=Tsawwassen news release |publisher=.news.gov.bc.ca |date=December 8, 2006 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=May 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515065941/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006OTP0181-001479.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Maa-nulth Treaty Society]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Office of the Premier, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006OTP0183-001482.htm |title=Maa-nulth news release |publisher=.news.gov.bc.ca |date=December 9, 2006 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=May 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515065946/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006OTP0183-001482.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Lheidli T’enneh]] First Nations.<ref>{{cite web |author=Government Caucus |url=http://www.governmentcaucus.bc.ca/3394/46487 |title=Lheidli T'enneh news release |publisher=Governmentcaucus.bc.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525071417/http://www.governmentcaucus.bc.ca/3394/46487 |archive-date=May 25, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  The Tsawwassen Treaty was passed by the band's membership in a heavily contested and divisive referendum but came into effect on April 3, 2009.<ref>[http://www.vanmag.com/News_and_Features/Now_Everlasting?page=0%2C0 "Now and Everlasting", Terry Glavin, ''Vancouver Magazine'', March 26, 2009] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108020620/http://www.vanmag.com/News_and_Features/Now_Everlasting?page=0%2C0 |date=November 8, 2014 }}</ref>

The Maa-nulth Treaty, which covers a group of [[Nuu-chah-nulth people|Nuu-chah-nulth]] band governments, is pending ratification by the federal government<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maanulth.ca/ |title=Maa-nulth Treaty Society page |publisher=Maanulth.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=January 21, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121042453/http://www.maanulth.ca/ |url-status=live }}</ref> while the Lheidli-T'enneh Treaty was rejected in the referendum held by that band.

====Health care====
The Campbell government launched the Conversation on Health, a province-wide consultation with British Columbians on their health care to lay the groundwork for changes to the principles of the Canada Health Act that were presented in the Fall of 2007.<ref>{{cite web |author=Office of the Premier, Ministry of Health |url=http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006OTP0140-001167.htm |title=British Columbians To Help Shape Future Of Health |publisher=.news.gov.bc.ca |date=September 28, 2006 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=May 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515065901/http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006OTP0140-001167.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Third term===
[[File:Gordon Campbell 2010.jpg|thumb|Campbell in 2010]]
His government were re-elected in the [[2009 British Columbia general election|May 12, 2009, election]].  Their share of total seats remained almost unchanged, as they won 49 seats in a new expanded 85-seat legislature.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Campbell wins 3rd straight term in B.C. |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/campbell-wins-3rd-straight-term-in-b-c-1.791126 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=CBC |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213252/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/campbell-wins-3rd-straight-term-in-b-c-1.791126 }}</ref>

====BC Rail e-mail controversy====
Some five years after the [[BC Legislature Raids]], controversy arose when it was revealed that e-mails among Campbell, his staff, and other cabinet ministers may not have been deleted years ago as first claimed.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fraser |first=Keith |url=https://theprovince.com/Basi+Virk+defence+queries+missing+Rail+mails/1725513/story.html |title=Basi-Virk defence queries missing B.C. Rail e-mails |publisher=Theprovince.com |date=June 23, 2009 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113063908/http://www.theprovince.com/Basi+Virk+defence+queries+missing+Rail+mails/1725513/story.html |archive-date=January 13, 2010 }}</ref>  An affidavit filed by Rosemarie Hayes, the B.C. government's manager in charge of information services, suggested that copies of the e-mails may have existed as recently as May 2009, but it was ordered that they be destroyed at that time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mason |first=Gary |date=July 16, 2009 |title=Destruction of e-mail records puts heat on B.C. Premier |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/destruction-of-e-mail-records-puts-heat-on-bc-premier/article4279841/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 27, 2021 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]] |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213248/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/destruction-of-e-mail-records-puts-heat-on-bc-premier/article4279841/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Destruction of e-mail records puts heat on B.C. Premier |url=https://rabble.ca/babble/western-provinces/destruction-e-mail-records-puts-heat-bc-premier |url-status=live |access-date=February 27, 2021 |website=[[rabble.ca]] |date=July 16, 2009 |archive-date=September 21, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921051732/http://www.rabble.ca/babble/western-provinces/destruction-e-mail-records-puts-heat-bc-premier }}</ref>

On July 20, 2009, the Supreme Court of British Columbia judge conducting the Basi-Virk trial, Madam Justice Elizabeth Bennett, ordered Campbell and other top officials to turn over their e-mail records to the court by August 17.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/judge-orders-bc-premier-to-turn-over-e-mails/article1224869/ |title=Judge orders Premier to turn over e-mails|work=The Globe and Mail |access-date=November 29, 2010 |location=Toronto |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724151509/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/judge-orders-bc-premier-to-turn-over-e-mails/article1224869/ |archive-date=July 24, 2009 }}</ref>  These were never located nor surrendered to the Court.

====HST controversy====
On July 23, 2009, Campbell announced British Columbia would move towards a [[Harmonized Sales Tax]], or HST.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/b-c-moves-to-12-per-cent-hst-1.850374 | work=[[CBC News]] | title=B.C. moves to 12 per cent HST | date=July 23, 2009 | access-date=March 29, 2014 | archive-date=March 29, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329081752/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/b-c-moves-to-12-per-cent-hst-1.850374 | url-status=live }}</ref>  The new 12% sales tax would combine and replace the previous 5% [[Goods and Services Tax (Canada)|Goods and Services Tax]] and 7% [[Provincial Sales Tax]].  The announcement was met with strong opposition from political opponents,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bcndp.ca/newsroom/surprise-decision-new-tax-could-kill-tourism-service-jobs |title=Surprise decision on new tax could kill tourism, service jobs BC NDP |publisher=Bcndp.ca |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=July 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706165839/http://www.bcndp.ca/newsroom/surprise-decision-new-tax-could-kill-tourism-service-jobs |url-status=live }}</ref> news media,<ref>{{Cite web |last=McInnes |first=Craig |date=August 1, 2009 |title=The premier is reaching into your pockets |url=http://www.vancouversun.com/news/premier%20reaching%20into%20your%20pockets/1851919/story.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807072721/http://www.vancouversun.com/news/premier%20reaching%20into%20your%20pockets/1851919/story.html |archive-date=August 7, 2009 |access-date=February 28, 2021}}</ref> and opposition from most members of the public.<ref>{{cite web |author=Global BC; Ipsos Reid: Wednesday, August 5, 2009 |url=http://www.globaltvbc.com/Ipsos+Reid+Global+News+Poll/1863303/story.html |title=Ipsos Reid/Global News HST Poll |publisher=Globaltvbc.com |date=August 5, 2009 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-date=February 29, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229202019/http://www.globaltvbc.com/Ipsos+Reid+Global+News+Poll/1863303/story.html |url-status=usurped }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Angus Reid Public Opinion |url=http://www.visioncritical.com/2010/06/referendum-and-recall-drive-loom-as-serious-threats-to-bc-liberals/ |title=Angus Reid Public Opinion |publisher=Vision Critical |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100810205127/http://www.visioncritical.com/2010/06/referendum-and-recall-drive-loom-as-serious-threats-to-bc-liberals/ |archive-date=August 10, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> However, the proposed tax received a positive reaction from the business community, strong supporters of the BC Liberals.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timescolonist.com/business/Harmonized+slams+into+wall+opposition/1861471/story.html |title=Harmonized B.C. tax slams into wall of opposition: Minister defends harmonized tax as protest movement gains steam|access-date=August 27, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817052226/http://www.timescolonist.com/business/Harmonized%2Bslams%2Binto%2Bwall%2Bopposition/1861471/story.html |archive-date=August 17, 2009 |df=mdy }}></ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McArthur |first=Doug |date=November 1, 2011 |title=The British Columbia HST debacle |url=https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/continuity-and-change-in-the-provinces/the-british-columbia-hst-debacle/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 27, 2021 |website=Policy Options |archive-date=November 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127032623/https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/continuity-and-change-in-the-provinces/the-british-columbia-hst-debacle/ }}</ref> Much of the opposition stemmed from Campbell's perceived dishonesty about the HST as his government had said it was not on their radar prior to the election despite leaked emails revealing it was, and that it equated to a tax hike for several sectors.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/06/01/HSTHitsAndMyths/ |title=HST Hits and Myths |magazine=[[The Tyee]] |date=June 1, 2010 |first=Bill |last=Tieleman |access-date=December 10, 2010 |archive-date=October 7, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007133705/http://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/06/01/HSTHitsAndMyths/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

On August 24, representatives from the retail, [[resource]], and film industries held a news conference to speak out in favour of harmonizing BC's sales taxes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hunter |first=Justine |date=August 24, 2009 |title=HST draws praise despite rough transition |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/hst-draws-praise-despite-rough-transition/article4214224/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 27, 2021 |website=The Globe and Mail |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213249/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/hst-draws-praise-despite-rough-transition/article4214224/ }}</ref> In addition, sales tax harmonization has been hailed by the [[C.D. Howe Institute]], a think tank, as being "crucial for B.C to maintain its economic competitiveness."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Harmonized+badly+needed+likely+revenue+neutral/1882147/story.html |title=Story – News |work=Vancouver Sun |date=November 25, 2010 |access-date=November 29, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817122858/http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Harmonized+badly+needed+likely+revenue+neutral/1882147/story.html |archive-date=August 17, 2009 }}</ref> David Docherty, a political science professor at [[Wilfrid Laurier University]], noted that anti-HST sentiment was evident in left-wing populist groups who viewed it as "regressive" and those on the right who "hate all taxes".<ref name=Doskotch/> Polls consistently showed&nbsp;...opposition to the HST in BC at "82 to 85 percent".
"Shortly after the HST announcement, Ipsos Reid reported 85 percent opposition in British Columbia, dropping only slightly to 82 percent a few months
later."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Abbot |first=George Malcolm |date=Summer 2015 |title=The Precarious Politics of Shifting Direction: The Introduction of a Harmonized Sales Tax in British Columbia and Ontario |url=https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/bcstudies/article/view/185567/185541|journal=BC Studies |volume=186 |pages=125}}</ref>

On June 11, 2010, [[Blair Lekstrom]] resigned as BC's Minister of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, saying he was leaving both the cabinet and the caucus over a fundamental disagreement with the BC Liberals on the harmonized sales tax.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/bc-liberal-resigns-over-hst/article1600882/ |title=Blair Lekstrom Resigns |work=Globe and Mail |access-date=November 29, 2010 |location=Toronto |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901215223/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/bc-liberal-resigns-over-hst/article1600882/ |archive-date=September 1, 2010 }}</ref> He told The Canadian Press: "It was a tough decision but it had to be made. Fundamentally, the HST is it. The people I represent say&nbsp; ... we want you to put the brakes on the HST." His constituency bordered on Alberta, which had no provincial sales tax and businesses were concerned they would lose sales.<ref name=Doskotch>{{Cite web |last=Doskotch |first=Bill |date=June 11, 2010 |title=B.C., Ontario a study in contrasts over HST anger |url=https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/b-c-ontario-a-study-in-contrasts-over-hst-anger-1.521766?cache=yes%3FcontactForm%3Dtrue |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=[[CTV Television Network|CTV]] |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213250/https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/b-c-ontario-a-study-in-contrasts-over-hst-anger-1.521766?cache=yes%3FcontactForm%3Dtrue }}</ref>

A freedom of information request came to light on September 1, 2010, revealing that the BC Liberals had formed HST-related plans prior to the 2009 election—contrary to their statements on the subject.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anti-HST forces livid about B.C. documents |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/anti-hst-forces-livid-about-b-c-documents-1.949552 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=CBC |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213251/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/anti-hst-forces-livid-about-b-c-documents-1.949552 }}</ref>

===Resignation===
On November&nbsp;3, 2010, Campbell made a televised address to the public announcing his intention to resign as Premier of British Columbia. The announcement was made after months of strong political opposition to the implementation of the [[Harmonized Sales Tax|HST]],<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://thetyee.ca/News/2010/11/03/CampbellResigns/ |title='Politics Can Be a Nasty Business': Campbell Steps Down |magazine=[[The Tyee]] |date=November 3, 2010 |first=Andrew |last=MacLeod |access-date=December 10, 2010 |archive-date=November 7, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107062840/http://thetyee.ca/News/2010/11/03/CampbellResigns/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which saw Campbell's approval rating fall to only 9%, according to an [[Angus Reid Public Opinion|Angus Reid]] poll,<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/10/19/NinePerCentGordo/ |title=Nine Per Cent Gordo |magazine=[[The Tyee]] |date=October 19, 2010 |first=Steve |last=Burgess |access-date=December 10, 2010 |archive-date=October 28, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028135546/http://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2010/10/19/NinePerCentGordo/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and led to rumours that he has lost support of some members of his cabinet.<ref name="CBC Campbell resignation">{{Cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/b-c-premier-campbell-stepping-down-1.911669 |title=B.C. Premier Campbell stepping down |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]] |date=November 3, 2010 |access-date=March 29, 2014 |archive-date=March 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329100656/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/b-c-premier-campbell-stepping-down-1.911669 |url-status=live }}</ref> Another factor in his resignation was the ongoing [[BC Rail Scandal]] trial in which the Premier and other members of his cabinet and staff were due to face embarrassing cross-examination in relation to the [[BC Legislature Raids|Basi-Virk trial]], which was called to a halt with <!--an illegal (no source found, changed &  cited text)---> plea bargain around the same time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tieleman |first=Bill |date=October 18, 2010 |title=New Dems Want Inquiry into Basi-Virk Plea Bargain: Judge accepts surprise guilty plea in political corruption trial of ex-BC Liberal aides. |url=https://thetyee.ca/News/2010/10/18/Basi-VirkPlea/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=The Tyee |archive-date=August 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811141449/http://thetyee.ca/News/2010/10/18/Basi-VirkPlea/ }}</ref> On December 5, 2010, while answering questions from reporters, he "hinted strongly" that he will not stay on as an MLA after his successor as Liberal leader is chosen in February, according to Rod Mickleburgh of ''[[The Globe and Mail]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mickleburgh |first=Rod |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/gordon-campbell-hints-hell-step-down-as-mla/article1825759/ |title=Gordon Campbell hints he'll step down as MLA |work=Globe and Mail |date=December 5, 2010 |access-date=December 6, 2010 |location=Toronto |archive-date=December 9, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209144255/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/gordon-campbell-hints-hell-step-down-as-mla/article1825759/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
Campbell resigned as premier on March&nbsp;14, 2011; he was succeeded by [[Christy Clark]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sheppard |first=Jenni |date=July 28, 2017 |title=Christy Clark's BC premiership 2011-2017 |url=https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/christy-clark-bc-premier-timeline-2011-2017 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=dailyhive.com |archive-date=November 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114010402/https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/christy-clark-bc-premier-timeline-2011-2017 }}</ref><!-- but remained in party circles as "senior advisor". (No source found for thuis)--->

==High Commissioner to the UK==
[[File:First Minister meets Canadian High Commissioner (6195318448) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Campbell meeting with [[First Minister of Scotland]], [[Alex Salmond]] in [[Edinburgh]], September 2011]] 
[[File:Rosemary Butler AM meets Mr. Gordon M. Campbell, High Commissioner for Canada.jpg|thumb|Campbell meeting [[Rosemary Butler (politician)|Rosemary Butler]], the [[Presiding Officer of the National Assembly for Wales]] in Cardiff, Wales.]]

In late June 2011, it was reported that Campbell was to be named [[High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom|Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Gordon Campbell to be high commissioner to Britain |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/gordon-campbell-to-be-high-commissioner-to-britain-1.1025262 |publisher=[[CBC News]] |date=June 23, 2011 |access-date=June 1, 2018 |archive-date=May 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513115839/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/gordon-campbell-to-be-high-commissioner-to-britain-1.1025262 |url-status=live }}</ref> On August 15, 2011, Campbell was formally announced to succeed the post. On September 15, 2011, Campbell officially became the Canadian High Commissioner in London. He represented Canadian interests throughout Britain until his term ended in 2016.

Campbell was shortlisted for the [[Grassroot Diplomat]] Initiative Award in 2015 for his work on business partnership as the High Commissioner of Canada, and he remains in the directory of the Grassroot Diplomat Who's Who publication.<ref>{{cite news|title=Grassroot Diplomat Who's Who |url=http://www.grassrootdiplomat.org/whoswho/ |access-date=27 April 2015 |work=Grassroot Diplomat |date=15 March 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520125406/http://www.grassrootdiplomat.org/whoswho/ |archive-date=May 20, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

In January 2019, a former High Commission employee, Judith Prins, filed a sexual assault complaint with the [[Metropolitan Police]] alleging that Campbell groped her in 2013. A spokesperson for Campbell denied the allegation, saying the complaint was investigated and dismissed at the time.<ref>{{Cite news| url=https://www.thestar.com/vancouver/2019/02/15/former-bc-premier-gordon-campbell-accused-of-sexual-assault-british-newspaper-says.html| title=PR firm suspends contract with former B.C. Premier amid groping accusation| newspaper=The Toronto Star| date=February 15, 2019| access-date=February 16, 2019| archive-date=February 16, 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216153248/https://www.thestar.com/vancouver/2019/02/15/former-bc-premier-gordon-campbell-accused-of-sexual-assault-british-newspaper-says.html| url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2020, details emerged of a civil suit filed by Prins naming Campbell and the Government of Canada as defendants. She is seeking damages for anxiety, stress and lost income. Campbell responded to this news saying: "This has been settled once before, more than five years ago now. It was dealt with fully."<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mills |first1=Stu |last2=Sears |first2=Sarah |date=September 2, 2020 |title=Former B.C. premier Gordon Campbell, federal government face civil suit over sexual harassment allegations |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/gordon-campbell-sexual-harassment-1.5709763 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=CBC |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101011248/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/gordon-campbell-sexual-harassment-1.5709763 }}</ref>

==Honours==
On September&nbsp;2, 2011, it was announced that Campbell would receive the [[Order of British Columbia]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2, 2011 |title=Gordon Campbell awarded Order of B.C. |url=https://bc.ctvnews.ca/gordon-campbell-awarded-order-of-b-c-1.691645 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=[[CTV Television Network|CTV]] |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703232154/https://bc.ctvnews.ca/gordon-campbell-awarded-order-of-b-c-1.691645 }}</ref> the second Premier to be a recipient.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Charlie |date=September 4, 2011 |title=Gordon Campbell only the second premier to receive Order of British Columbia |url=https://www.straight.com/blogra/gordon-campbell-only-second-premier-receive-order-british-columbia |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=The Georgia Straight |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213253/https://www.straight.com/blogra/gordon-campbell-only-second-premier-receive-order-british-columbia }}</ref> Some believed his nomination contravened the legislation that prevented an elected official from being appointed while holding office. However, on September 7, 2011, Lance S. G. Finch, the Chief Justice of British Columbia and chair of the Order of BC Advisory Council declared that although his nomination package was received on March 10, 2011 (four days before his resignation as Premier), Campbell was appointed to the Order on September&nbsp;2, 2011 at which time he was not an elected MLA.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orderofbc.gov.bc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/OBC_Campbell_CJ_ST-3.pdf |title=Order of British Columbia appointments |access-date=September 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323123250/http://www.orderofbc.gov.bc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/OBC_Campbell_CJ_ST-3.pdf |archive-date=March 23, 2012 }}</ref>

In 2014, [[Thompson Rivers University]] gave Campbell the [[Honorary degree]] of [[Doctor of Laws]] for his contributions to the founding of their newly opened law school.<ref name=globeTRU>{{cite news|last1=Williams|first1=Adam|title=Gordon Campbell receives honorary law degree, delivers TRU convocation address|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/gordon-campbell-receives-honorary-law-degree-delivers-tru-convocation-address/article19191589/|access-date=28 June 2014|work=Globe and Mail|date=June 16, 2014|archive-date=March 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302072658/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/gordon-campbell-receives-honorary-law-degree-delivers-tru-convocation-address/article19191589/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tru.ca/convocation/history/honorary-degree/2014.html#campbell |title=2014 Honorary Degree Recipients, Thompson Rivers University |access-date=2015-06-12 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613132931/http://www.tru.ca/convocation/history/honorary-degree/2014.html |archive-date=June 13, 2015 |df=mdy }}</ref>

He was awarded the [[Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal]] in 2002<ref>{{Cite web |title=Recipients - Gordon Campbell - Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee Medal (2002) |url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients?f%5B0%5D=province%3A%22463%22&f%5B1%5D=honour_type_id%3A%22125%22 |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=gg.ca | date=June 11, 2018 |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213255/https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients?f%5B0%5D=province%3A%22463%22&f%5B1%5D=honour_type_id%3A%22125%22 }}</ref> and the [[Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal]] in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dunphy |first=Marftin |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Former B.C. premier Gordon Campbell investigated for sexual assault in England |url=https://www.straight.com/news/1201776/former-bc-premier-gordon-campbell-investigated-sexual-assault-england |url-status=live |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=The Georgia Straight |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111211831/https://www.straight.com/news/1201776/former-bc-premier-gordon-campbell-investigated-sexual-assault-england }}</ref>

==Election results==
{{2009 British Columbia general election/Vancouver-Point Grey}}
{{2005 British Columbia general election/Vancouver-Point Grey}}
{{2001 British Columbia general election/Vancouver-Point Grey}}
{{1996 British Columbia general election/Vancouver-Point Grey}}
{{1994 British Columbia provincial by-elections/Vancouver-Quilchena}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{cite web|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/gordon-muir-campbell|title=Gordon Muir Campbell|author=Patricia Roy|publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia|access-date=August 20, 2019}}

{{Commons category}}

{{S-start}}
{{S-off}}
{{Succession box
|before=[[Gordon Wilson (British Columbia politician)|Gordon Wilson]]
|title=[[List of Leaders of the Opposition in British Columbia|Leader of the Opposition In British Columbia]]
|years=1994–2001
|after=[[Joy MacPhail]]
}}

{{s-bef|before=[[Ujjal Dosanjh]]|as=[[Premier of British Columbia|33rd Premier of British Columbia]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Order of precedence in British Columbia]]|years={{As of|2017|lc=on}}}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Christy Clark]]|as=[[Premier of British Columbia|35th Premier of British Columbia]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{BCPremiers}}
{{Gordon Campbell Ministry}}
{{Mayors of Vancouver}}
{{Leaders of BC United}}
{{Canadian High Commissioners to the United Kingdom}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Campbell, Gordon}}
[[Category:Gordon Campbell (Canadian politician)| ]]
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