Editing Gonesse

{{use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox French commune
|name               = Gonesse
|commune status     = [[Communes of France|Commune]]
|image coat of arms = Blason de Gonesse.svg
|image coat of arms size = 90px
|image              = Gonesse - Hotel de ville 01.jpg
|caption            = Town hall
| image size        = 270px
|map size           = 270px
|adjustable map     = Gonesse_map.png
|map caption        = Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
|arrondissement     = Sarcelles
|canton             = Villiers-le-Bel
|intercommunality   = [[Communauté d'agglomération Roissy Pays de France|CA Roissy Pays de France]]
|mayor              = Jean-Pierre Blazy<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=13 September 2022|language=fr}}</ref>
|term               = 2020&ndash;2026
|coordinates        = {{coord|48.9875|2.4494|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation min m    =
|elevation max m    =
|area km2           = 20.09
|population         = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes   = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
|INSEE              = 95277
|postal code        = 95500
}}

'''Gonesse''' ({{IPA|fr|ɡɔnɛs|-|Fr-Paris--Gonesse.ogg}}) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Val-d'Oise]] department, in the north-eastern suburbs of [[Paris]], France. It is located {{convert|16.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the [[Kilometre Zero|centre of Paris]].

The commune lies approximately eight kilometres (five miles) north of [[Le Bourget Airport]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Distance from Le-Bourget to Gonesse, Sarcelles, Département-du-Val-d'Oise, Île-de-France, FRA |url=https://www.distance.to/Le-Bourget/Gonesse,Sarcelles,D%C3%A9partement-du-Val-d'Oise,%C3%8Ele-de-France,FRA |website=distance.to |publisher=OpenStreetMap |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> and it is six kilometres (four miles) south-west of [[Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport|Charles de Gaulle International Airport]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160306153149/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-concorde-trial-preview-idUKTRE60S35820100129 Concorde trial starts ten years after crash]." ''[[Reuters]]''. 27 September 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013. "[...]the plane crashed into a hotel in the town of Gonesse, six kilometres (four miles) south-west of Paris' Charles de Gaulle airport."</ref>

==History==

Since [[Carolingian Empire|Carolingian]] times, cereals have been grown in Gonesse. In the period of the 12th through to the 16th centuries, the cultivation of grain was supplemented by drapery, in particular the production of the coarse woollen material of the ''gaunace''.<ref name=HistoiredeGonesse>[http://www.ville-gonesse.fr/delia-CMS/article/article_id-5488/topic_id-300/histoire-de-gonesse-quelques-reperes-historiques.html Histoire de Gonesse – Quelques repères historiques] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003150343/http://www.ville-gonesse.fr/delia-CMS/article/article_id-5488/topic_id-300/histoire-de-gonesse-quelques-reperes-historiques.html |date=2011-10-03 }}. ''Ville-gonesse.fr''. Retrieved 11 July 2011.</ref> The commune was an important producer of [[wheat]] for the [[Paris]]ian market in modern times, until the decline of its bakery trade at the [[French First Republic|end of the 18th century]] helped feed a strong migration to the capital.<ref name=HistoiredeGonesse />

[[File:WasserstoffballonProfCharles.jpg|thumb|left|upright 1.2|The balloon built by Jacques Charles and the Robert brothers is attacked by terrified villagers.]]
The world's [[History of ballooning#First hydrogen balloon|first hydrogen filled]] [[Balloon (aircraft)|balloon]]—the unmanned balloon launched by [[Jacques Charles]] and the [[Robert brothers]] from the [[Champ de Mars, Paris|Champ de Mars]] in Paris on 27&nbsp;August 1783—flew for 45 minutes and landed in Gonesse, where the reportedly terrified local peasants destroyed it with [[pitchforks]]. This caused the government to issue a statement on the harmlessness and the scientific value of such experiments.

In 1815, [[Emmanuel de Grouchy, Marquis de Grouchy|Marshal Grouchy]] arrived in Gonesse in the course of the [[War of the Sixth Coalition]], with 40,000 troops and 120 artillery pieces. On 2&nbsp;July, the [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]] made his headquarters at the commune.

Since June 1939, the property Frapart (the ''Castle'') is used as the main establishment of the urban administration.<ref name=HistoiredeGonesse />

Jean Camus, Louis Furmanek, Pierre Lorgnet, and Albert Drouhot from Gonesse belonged to the [[French Resistance]] movement during the [[German military administration in occupied France during World War II|German occupation of France]] from 1940 to 1944.

On 25 July 2000, [[Air France Flight 4590]]—a [[Concorde]] [[supersonic transport]]—crashed onto a hotel in the town after a tyre blew out, caused by running over a strip of metal that had fallen off a [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10|DC-10]] at nearby [[Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport|Charles de Gaulle International Airport]].<ref>Nick Smith: [http://eandt.theiet.org/magazine/2011/04/classic-projects.cfm Classic engineering projects – Concorde] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110506143209/http://eandt.theiet.org/magazine/2011/04/classic-projects.cfm |date=2011-05-06}}. ''[[Engineering&nbsp;& Technology]]'', 15 April 2011. Retrieved 11 July 2011.</ref> The crash led to the deaths of all 109 people on board and four more on the ground.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/851209.stm|title=BBC News – EUROPE – Concorde crash kills 113|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref> The Concorde crash occurred fewer than 6&nbsp;km from [[Goussainville, Val-d'Oise|Goussainville]], the site of the [[1973 Paris Air Show crash|crash]] of the supersonic [[Tupolev Tu-144]] during the 1973 [[Paris Air Show]].

==Population==

{{Historical populations
| align = none
| cols = 2
| percentages = pagr
| source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|15711|Gonesse}}</ref> and INSEE (1968-2017)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-95277#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
|1793 |2400
|1800 |2216
|1806 |2020
|1821 |2008
|1831 |2147
|1836 |2123
|1841 |2221
|1846 |2257
|1851 |2263
|1856 |2348
|1861 |2684
|1866 |2831
|1872 |2526
|1876 |2859
|1881 |2935
|1886 |3008
|1891 |2642
|1896 |2678
|1901 |2757
|1906 |2902
|1911 |3131
|1921 |3231
|1926 |3537
|1931 |4359
|1936 |4638
|1946 |4006
|1954 |4881
|1962 |8517
|1968 |21187
|1975 |21390
|1982 |22896
|1990 |23152
|1999 |24721
|2007 |26262
|2012 |26343
|2017 |25999
|2022 |26959
}}

== Sights ==
[[Image:Gonesse - Hotel-Dieu.jpg|thumb|right|upright 1.0 |Hotel-Dieu]]
[[Image:Seb-Toussaint-Soudés.jpg|thumb|right |Mural by [[Seb Toussaint]] at the La Fauconnière [[Public housing in France#Different kinds of social housing|social housing estate]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Seb Toussaint – La Fauconnière, Gonesse (France) |url=https://sebtoussaint.com/2021/06/14/la-fauconniere-gonesse-france/ |website=sebtoussaint.com |publisher=[[Seb Toussaint]] |access-date=28 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703071658/https://sebtoussaint.com/2021/06/14/la-fauconniere-gonesse-france/|archive-date= 3 July 2021}}</ref>]]

Among the places worthwhile to visit in the town are the Church of St.&nbsp;Peter and St.&nbsp;Paul, the old Hotel-Dieu, the Hotel-Dieu, the lofts Garlande and Orgemont, and the estates of Malmaison and of Coulanges.

==Transport==
Gonesse is served neither by the Paris Métro, RER, nor the suburban rail network. The closest station is the [[Villiers-le-Bel–Gonesse–Arnouville station]] on the Paris [[RER D]]. This station is located in the neighbouring commune of [[Arnouville-lès-Gonesse]], {{convert|2.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} from Gonesse town centre.

==Education==
{{Asof|2015}}, the commune had 20 municipal primary schools with a total of 3,526; pupils, including 11 pre-schools (''écoles maternelles'') with a total of 1,389 pupils (in addition to 20 children in ''toute petite'' programmes) and nine elementary schools with 2,137 total pupils.<ref>"[http://www.ville-gonesse.fr/sites/default/files/fichiers/rubrique/pedt_gonesse_2015-2018.pdf Projet Educatif Territorial Ville de Gonesse 2015-2018]." Gonesse. p. 7/65. Retrieved 3 September 2016.</ref>

Junior high schools:
* College Philippe Auguste<ref>[http://www.clg-auguste-gonesse.ac-versailles.fr/ Home]. Collège Philippe Auguste. Retrieved 3 September 2016.</ref>
* Collège Robert Doisneau<ref>[http://www.clg-doisneau-gonesse.ac-versailles.fr/ Home]. Collège Robert Doisneau. Retrieved 3 September  2016.</ref>
* Collège François Truffaut<ref>[http://www.clg-truffaut-gonesse.ac-versailles.fr/ Home]. Collège François Truffaut. Retrieved 3 September 2016.</ref>

There is one senior high school, [[Lycée René Cassin-Gonesse]].

==Notable people==
*[[Philip II of France|Philip Augustus]], King of France born in Gonesse 21&nbsp;August 1165.
*[[Simon Abkarian]], French-Armenian actor
*[[Ernest Broquet]], former mayor of Gonesse and recipient of the [[Legion of Honor]]
*[[Woyo Coulibaly]], footballer
*[[Axel Disasi]], footballer
*[[Annabelle Euranie]], judoka
*[[Mohamed Fofana (footballer, born March 1985)|Mohamed Fofana]], footballer
*[[Franck Julienne]], footballer
*[[Aboubakar Kamara]], footballer
*[[Grejohn Kyei]], footballer
*[[Louis Labeyrie]], basketball player
*[[Cedric Moukouri]], footballer
*[[Alice Nayo]], basketball player
*[[Thierry Rupert]], basketball player
*[[Dylan Saint-Louis]], footballer
*[[Halifa Soule]], footballer
*[[Warren Tchimbembe]], footballer

== Twinning with Leonessa ==

Gonesse has been twinned with the town of [[Leonessa]] in [[Province of Rieti|Rieti]], Italy, since 1981.<ref>[http://www.ville-gonesse.fr/delia-CMS/rubrique/topic_id-361/jumelage-et-partenariats.html Jumelage et partenariats] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903094404/http://www.ville-gonesse.fr/delia-CMS/rubrique/topic_id-361/jumelage-et-partenariats.html |date=2011-09-03 }}. ''Ville-gonesse.fr''. Retrieved 11 July 2011.</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|France}}
*[[Communes of the Val-d'Oise department]]
*[[Europa City]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{Commons category|Gonesse}}
*[http://www.ville-gonesse.fr Official website] {{in lang|fr}}
*{{Search Mérimée|95277}}
*[https://uniondesmairesduvaldoise.fr Association of Mayors of the Val d'Oise] {{in lang|fr}}

{{Paris Metropolitan Area}}
{{Val-d'Oise communes}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Communes of Val-d'Oise]]