Editing Goiás

{{short description|State of Brazil}}
{{other uses|Goiás (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2021}}{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                     = Goiás
| official_name            =
| native_name              = 
| native_name_lang         = pt<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. -->
| settlement_type          = [[States of Brazil|State]]
| image_skyline            =
| image_alt                = 
| image_caption            =
| image_flag               = Bandeira_de_Goi%C3%A1s.svg
| flag_alt                 = 
| image_shield             = Coat of arms of Goiás.svg
| shield_alt               = 
| nickname                 = 
| motto                    = {{native name|pt|Terra Querida, fruto da vida}}<br /> "Beloved land, fruit of life"
| anthem                   = [[:pt:Hino de Goiás|Hino de Goiás]]
| image_map                = Goias in Brazil.svg
| map_alt                  = 
| map_caption              = Location in Brazil
| coordinates              = {{coord|15|56|S|50|8|W|type:adm1st_region:BR-GO|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint            = 
| coordinates_footnotes    = 
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = [[Brazil]]
| established_title        =
| established_date         =
| founder                  =
| seat_type                = Capital and largest city
| seat                     = [[Goiânia]]
| government_footnotes     = 
| leader_title             = [[Governor (Brazil)|Governor]]
| leader_name              = [[Ronaldo Caiado]] ([[Brazil Union|União]])
| leader_title1            = Vice Governor
| leader_name1             = [[Daniel Vilela]] ([[Brazilian Democratic Movement|MDB]])
| leader_title2            = [[Federal Senate (Brazil)|Senators]]
| leader_name2             = [[Jorge Kajuru]] ([[Brazilian Socialist Party|PSB]])<br/>[[Vanderlan Cardoso]] ([[Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011)|PSD]])<br />[[Wilder Morais]] ([[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|PL]])
| unit_pref                = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes           = 
| area_total_km2           = 340086
| area_rank                = [[List of Brazilian states by area|7th]]
| population_footnotes     = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/estimativa2017/estimativa_dou.shtm|title=IBGE &#124; Portal do IBGE &#124; IBGE|access-date=15 February 2018|archive-date=31 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831001818/http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/estimativa2017/estimativa_dou.shtm|url-status=live}}</ref>
| population_total         = 7,350,480
| population_as_of         = 2024 estimate
| population_est           = 7,350,480
| pop_est_as_of            = 2024
| population_rank          = [[List of Brazilian states by population|11th]]
| population_density_km2   = auto
| population_density_rank  = [[List of Brazilian states by population density|19th]]
| population_demonym       = Goiano
| population_note          = 
| demographics_type1       = GDP
| demographics1_footnotes  = <ref name="bge">{{Cite web |title=PIB por Unidade da Federação, 2021|url=https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/economic/national-accounts/19567-gross-domestic-product-of-municipalities.html|website=ibge.gov.br}}</ref>
|demographics1_title1      = Total
|demographics1_info1       = [[Brazilian real|R$]] 269.628 billion<br />([[US$]] 50.016 billion)
| demographics_type2       = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| demographics2_footnotes  = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics2_title1     = Year
| demographics2_info1      = 2021
| demographics2_title2     = Category
| demographics2_info2      = 0.804<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil. Pnud Brasil, Ipea e FJP, 2022. |url=http://www.atlasbrasil.org.br/ranking |access-date=2023-06-11 |website=www.atlasbrasil.org.br}}</ref> – <span style="color:#0c0">high</span> ([[List of Brazilian states by Human Development Index|10th]])
| postal_code_type         = [[Código de Endereçamento Postal|Postal Code]]
| postal_code              = 73700-000 to 76790-000
| timezone1                = [[Time in Brazil|BRT]]
| utc_offset1              = -3
| iso_code                 = [[ISO 3166-2:BR|BR-GO]]
| website                  = {{URL|https://goias.gov.br/}}
| footnotes                = 
}}

'''Goiás''' ({{IPA|pt-BR|ɡo(j)ˈjas|lang|Pt-br Goiás.ogg}}) is a Brazilian [[States of Brazil|state]] located in the [[Central-West Region, Brazil|Central-West]] region. Goiás borders the [[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]] and the states of (from north clockwise) [[Tocantins]], [[Bahia]], [[Minas Gerais]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]] and [[Mato Grosso]]. The state capital is [[Goiânia]]. With 7.2 million inhabitants, Goiás is the most populous state in the Central-West region and the [[List of Brazilian states by population|11th most populous in the country]]. It has the [[List of Brazilian federative units by gross regional product|ninth largest economy]] among Brazilian federative units. In Brazil's geoeconomic division, Goiás belongs to the [[Centro-Sul]] (Center-South), being the northernmost state of the southern portion of Brazil. The state has 3.3% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 2.7% of the Brazilian [[GDP]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.jornalopcao.com.br/ultimas-noticias/estudo-revela-que-o-pib-de-goias-atingiu-quase-o-dobro-em-relacao-as-riquezas-nacionais-no-primeiro-ano-de-gestao-de-caiado-363281/ |title=Estudo revela que o PIB de Goiás atingiu quase o dobro em relação as riquezas nacionais |date=16 November 2021 |access-date=2 March 2022 |archive-date=2 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302000114/https://www.jornalopcao.com.br/ultimas-noticias/estudo-revela-que-o-pib-de-goias-atingiu-quase-o-dobro-em-relacao-as-riquezas-nacionais-no-primeiro-ano-de-gestao-de-caiado-363281/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The history of Goiás dates back to the beginning of the 18th century, with the arrival of pioneers from São Paulo. The [[Rio Vermelho]] region was the first to be occupied, where [[Vila Boa, Goiás|Vila Boa]] (later renamed [[Goiás, Goiás|Goiás]]) was founded. The development and settlement of the state took place, in a more intensified way, starting in the 1930s with the founding of the new capital, Goiânia, and especially with the construction of [[Brasília]] in the 1950s.<ref name="Introduction to historia de Goiás">{{Cite web |url = http://www.achetudoeregiao.com.br/go/historia_goias.htm |title = História de Goiás |publisher = Find Everything and Region |date = 11 June 2010 |access-date = February 14, 2016 |archive-date = 8 December 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211208172426/http://www.achetudoeregiao.com.br/go/historia_goias.htm |url-status = live }}</ref>

Goiás is characterized by a landscape of ''[[chapada|chapadões]]'' (plateaus).<!-- Seems to be a good English translation. --> In the height of the drought season, from June to September, the lack of rain makes the level of the [[Araguaia River]] go down and exposes almost {{convert|2|km|mi}} of beaches. At the [[Emas National Park]] in the municipality of [[Mineiros]], it is possible to observe the typical fauna and flora from the region. At the [[Chapada dos Veadeiros]] the main attractions are the canyons, valleys, rapids and waterfalls. Other attractions include the historical [[Goiás, Goiás|city of Goiás]] and the hot springs of [[Caldas Novas]].

==Geography==
[[File:EO_1831-Editar.jpg|thumb|left|Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park]]
[[File:A_5_km.JPG|thumb|left|Serra dos Pirineus in Goiás]]

Goiás occupies a large plateau, the vast almost level surface of which stands between 750 and 900 m above sea level and forms the divide between three of Brazil's largest river systems: to the south, Goiás is drained by the [[Paranaíba river]], a tributary of the [[Paraná River]]; to the east it is drained by tributaries of the [[São Francisco River]]; and northward the state is drained by the [[Araguaia River]] and the [[Tocantins River]] and their tributaries. Other major rivers in the state are the [[Meia Ponte River|Meia Ponte]], Aporé, São Marcos, [[Corumbá|Corumbá River]], Claro, [[Maranhão River|Maranhão]], [[Paranã River|Paranã]] and [[Preto River (Paracatu River)|Preto]]. None of these rivers is navigable except for short distances by small craft.

The state's highest point is Pouso Alto, at {{Convert|1676|m|ft}} above sea level, in the Chapada dos Veadeiros.

Goiás is covered with a woodland savanna known in Brazil as campo [[cerrado]], although there are still tropical forests along the rivers. The climate of the plateau is tropical. Average monthly temperatures vary from {{Convert|26|C|F}} in the warmest month to {{Convert|22|C|F}} in the coldest. The year is divided into a rainy season (October–March) and a dry season (April–September). Average annual rainfall is about {{Convert|1700|mm|in}}, but this varies due to elevation and microclimate.
Some parts of the state, however, have small remnants of tropical [[Atlantic forest]], that mostly appears around rivers and valleys.

The Great Midwest Region, consisting of the states of Goiás, [[Mato Grosso]], Mato Grosso do Sul, and the [[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]], is among the fastest-growing regions of Brazil. The population of Goiás state tripled in size in the period from 1950 to 1980 and is still growing very quickly. However, outside the Federal District and the Goiânia metropolitan region (with a population of over a million) most of Goiás is very thinly populated. The chief concentration of settlement is in the southeast, in the area of [[Goiânia]] (Goiânia and [[Aparecida de Goiânia]]), across the border from [[Minas Gerais]] ([[Catalão]], [[Rio Verde, Goiás|Rio Verde]], [[Jataí]], and [[Caldas Novas]]), and around the Federal District ([[Formosa, Goiás|Formosa]], [[Planaltina de Goiás]], and [[Luziânia]]).

==History==
{{further ill|History of Goiás|pt|História de Goiás}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = horizontal
| image1            = Johann_Axmann_-_Cidade_de_Goiás.JPG
| width1            = {{#expr: (150 * 419 / 307) round 0}}
| caption1          = The Province of Goiás in 1830, during the [[Empire of Brazil]]
| image2            = Pirenópolis_-Arquitetura_do_Brasil_Colônia_ao_redor_das_minas_de_ouro.jpg
| width2            = {{#expr: (150 * 1600 / 1200) round 0}}
| caption2          = The Church of Pirenópolis, the oldest Baroque Catholic church in Goiás, built in 1728
}}
The first European exploration of this interior part of Brazil was carried out by expeditions from [[São Paulo]] in the 17th century. Gold was discovered in the gravel of a tributary of the Araguaia River by the bandeirante [[Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva]] (the Anhanguera) in 1682. The settlement he founded there, called Santa Anna, became the colonial town of [[Goiás Velho]], the former state capital. In 1744 the large inland area, much of it still unexplored by Europeans, was made a [[Captaincy General]], and in 1822 it became a province of the [[empire of Brazil]]. It became a state in 1889. The Brazilian constitution of 1891 specified that the nation's capital should be moved to the Brazilian Highlands ([[Planalto Central]]), and in 1956 Goiás was selected as the site for the federal district and capital national, [[Brasília]]. The seat of the federal government was officially moved to Brasília in 1960.

[[Goiânia]], the largest city and capital was planned in 1933 to replace the old, inaccessible former state capital of Goiás, {{Convert|110|km|mi}} northwest. In 1937 the state government moved there, and in 1942 the official inauguration was held. Goiânia is now one of the fastest-growing cities in Brazil and one of the most livable cities in the country.{{Citation needed|date=November 2007}} It stands out as both an industrial center (along with the neighboring towns of [[Anápolis]] and [[Aparecida de Goiânia]]) and as a cultural center for country culture and music, known as [[Música sertaneja|Sertanejo]].

Due to the relatively large territory of the state, which was over {{Convert|600000|km2|mi2}}, communications were obviously very difficult. The northern part of the state began to feel abandoned by the southern government and began a movement for separation. Local political leaders also encouraged the movement. In 1988 the northern half of Goiás became a separate state called [[Tocantins (state)|Tocantins]].

== Demographics ==
[[File:Santuário Basílica do Divino Pai Eterno, novembro 2020.jpg|thumb|right|[[Basilica of the Eternal Father, Trindade|Basilica of the Eternal Father]]]]
According to the [[2022 Brazilian census|2022 census]], there were 7,056,495 people residing in the state. The population density was 20.7 inh./km<sup>2</sup>.

Urbanization: 88.6% (2006); [[Population growth]]: 2.5% (1991–2000); Houses: 1,749,000 (2006).<ref>Source: PNAD.</ref>

The 2022 census revealed the following numbers: 3,822,864 Pardo (Multiracial) people (54.2%), 2,557,454 White people (36.2%), 648,560 [[Afro-Brazilian|Black]] people (9.2%), 16,985 [[Asian Brazilian|Asian]] people (0.2%), 10,432 [[Indigenous peoples in Brazil|Amerindian]] people (0.1%).<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo 2022 - Panorama |url=https://censo2022.ibge.gov.br/panorama/}}</ref>

Ethnic groups found in Goiás include:
[[Italo-Brazilian|Italians]], [[Indigenous peoples in Brazil|Amerindians]], [[Portuguese Brazilian|Portuguese]], [[Afro-Brazilian|Africans]], [[German Brazilian|Germans]], [[Arab Brazilian|Arabs]], [[Lebanese Brazilian|Lebanese]] and [[Syrian Brazilians|Syrian]].

According to an autosomal DNA study from 2008, the ancestral composition of Goiás is 83.70% European, 13.30% African and 3.0% Amerindian.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bdtd.bce.unb.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo%3D3873 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-10-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706162307/http://bdtd.bce.unb.br/tedesimplificado/tde_arquivos/36/TDE-2008-08-21T100337Z-3085/Publico/2008_NeideMOGodinho.pdf |archive-date=6 July 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref>
{{Largest cities
| country     = Goiás
| stat_ref    = (2011 census by the [[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics]])<ref name="IBGE_Pop_2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/estimativa2011/POP2011_DOU.pdf|title=Estimativas da população residente nos municípios brasileiros com data de referência em 1º de julho de 2011|trans-title=Estimates of the Resident Population of Brazilian Municipalities as of July 1, 2011|date=30 August 2011|publisher=[[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics]]|access-date=31 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007090238/http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/estimativa2011/POP2011_DOU.pdf|archive-date=7 October 2011|url-status=live|language=pt}}</ref>
| list_by_pop = 
| div_name    = 
| div_link    = Mesoregion (Brazil){{!}}Mesoregion

| city_1 = Goiânia
| div_1  = 
| pop_1  = 1,516,113
| img_1  = Vaca_Brava_Park_in_Goiânia.jpg

| city_2 = Aparecida de Goiânia
| div_2  = 
| pop_2  = 578,179
| img_2  =

| city_3 = Anápolis
| div_3  = 
| pop_3  = 386,923
| img_3  = Jundiaí, Anápolis - GO, Brazil - panoramio (3).jpg

| city_4 = Rio Verde, Goiás{{!}}Rio Verde
| div_4  = 
| pop_4  = 235,647
| img_4  = 

| city_5 = Luziânia
| div_5  = 
| pop_5  = 212,440
| img_5  =

| city_6 = Águas Lindas de Goiás
| div_6  = 
| pop_6  = 208,299
| img_6  =

| city_7 = Valparaíso de Goiás
| div_7  = 
| pop_7  = 168,468
| img_7  =

| city_8 = Trindade (Goiás){{!}}Trindade
| div_8  = 
| pop_8  = 127,599
| img_8  =

| city_9 = Formosa (Goiás){{!}}Formosa
| div_9  = 
| pop_9  = 121,617
| img_9  =

| city_10 = Novo Gama
| div_10  = 
| pop_10  = 115,711
| img_10  =

| city_11 = Itumbiara
| div_11  = 
| pop_11  = 104,742
| img_11  =

| city_12 = Jataí
| div_12  = 
| pop_12  = 100,882
| img_12  =

| city_13 = Catalão
| div_13  = 
| pop_13  = 88,353
| img_13  =

| city_14 = Senador Canedo
| div_14  = 
| pop_14  = 87,848
| img_14  =

| city_15 = Planaltina de Goiás
| div_15  = 
| pop_15  = 82,258
| img_15  =

| city_16 = Caldas Novas
| div_16  = 
| pop_16  = 72,071
| img_16  =

| city_17 = Santo Antônio do Descoberto
| div_17  = 
| pop_17  = 64,119
| img_17  =

| city_18 = Goianésia
| div_18  = 
| pop_18  = 60,346
| img_18  =

| city_19 = Cidade Ocidental
| div_19  = 
| pop_19  = 57,108
| img_19  =

| city_20 = Mineiros
| div_20  = 
| pop_20  = 54,003
| img_20  =

}}{{Historical populations|11=1872|12=160395|13=1890|14=227572|15=1900|16=255284|17=1920|18=511919|19=1940|20=661226|21=1950|22=1010880|23=1960|24=1626376|25=1970|26=2460007|27=1980|28=3229219|29=1991|30=4012562|31=2000|32=5004197|33=2010|34=6003788|35=2022|36=7056495|percentages=|footnote=Source:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://censo2022.ibge.gov.br/panorama/|title=2022 Census Overview|lang=pt}}</ref>}}

===Religion=== 
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Goiás (2010)
|label1 = [[Catholic Church]]
|value1 = 58.89
|color1 = Gold
|label2 = [[Protestantism]]
|value2 = 28.07
|color2 = Indigo
|label3 = [[Kardecist spiritism|Spiritism]]
|value3 = 2.46
|color3 = Skyblue
|label4 = Other religions
|value4 = 3.38
|color4 = Chartreuse
|label5 = Irreligious
|value5 = 8.11
|color5 = White
}}
According to the Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in 2010 58.89% of the state's population was [[Roman Catholic]], 28.07% were [[Protestant]]s or evangelicals, 8.11% had no religion, 2.46% were [[Kardecist spiritism|Spiritists]], 0.67% [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], 1.01% other Christian religions (which include the [[Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church]], [[Eastern Orthodox Church]], [[Mormonism]] and others) and 0.79% from other religions.<ref>«[https://www.ibge.gov.br/estadosat/index.php Censo 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829154613/https://www.ibge.gov.br/estadosat/index.php |date=29 August 2020 }}». IBGE</ref><ref>«[https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/periodicos/94/cd_2010_religiao_deficiencia.pdf Análise dos Resultados/IBGE Censo Demográfico 2010: Características gerais da população, religião e pessoas com deficiência] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626155149/https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/periodicos/94/cd_2010_religiao_deficiencia.pdf |date=26 June 2020 }}» (PDF)</ref>
===Education===
{{multiple image
| footer            = The capital city of [[Goiânia]] is the largest city and education center of the state.
| width             = 160
| image1            = Arranha-céus de Goiânia.JPG
| alt1              = 
| image2            = VacaBravaian.jpg
| alt2              = 
| image3            = Goiânia_Agosto_de_2019.jpg
| alt3              = 
}}

[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] is the official national language, and thus the primary language taught in schools. English and Spanish, however, are also part of the official high school curriculum.

====Educational institutions====
* [http://www.ufg.br Universidade Federal de Goiás] (UFG);
* [https://portalufj.jatai.ufg.br Universidade Federal de Jataí] (UFJ);
* [http://sites.pucgoias.edu.br/home/ Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás] (PUC GOIÁS);
* [http://www.ifg.edu.br Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás] (IFG);
* [http://www.ifgoiano.edu.br Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano] ([[IFGoiano]]);
* [http://www.ueg.br Universidade Estadual de Goiás] (UEG);
* [http://www.unip.br Universidade Paulista] (UNIP Flamboyant);
* [http://www.fesurv.br Universidade de Rio Verde];
* and many others.

==Economy==
{{multiple image
| align     = right
| direction = horizontal
| image1    = Plantação_de_soja.jpg
| caption1  = Soybean plantation in Goiás.
| width1    = {{#expr: (150 * 600 / 406) round 0}}
| image2    = Cristalina_GO_Brasil_-_Plantação_de_sorgo,_BR_040_-_panoramio.jpg
| caption2  = Sorghum production in Cristalina, Goiás
| width2    = {{#expr: (150 * 2304 / 1728) round 0}}
}}
The [[service sector]] is the largest component of GDP at 43.9%, followed by the [[industrial sector]] at 35.4%. Agriculture represents 20.7%, of GDP (2004). Goiás exports: soybean 49.2%, meat of cattle 10.5%, gold 9.1%, other meat 7.5%, iron 7.4%, leather 4% (2002).

Share of the Brazilian economy: 2.4% (2005).{{Clarify|date=August 2023}}

Goiás is a leader in the country in crop raising. In 2016, Goiás had the 3rd largest [[cattle]] herd in Brazil: 22.6 million head of cattle.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sindicarnegoias.org.br/rebanho-bovino-goiano-atinge-recorde-historico/ |title=Rebanho bovino goiano atinge recorde histórico |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=21 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721154441/https://www.sindicarnegoias.org.br/rebanho-bovino-goiano-atinge-recorde-historico/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The number of [[pigs]] in Goiás was approximately 2.0 million head in 2015. The State had the 6th largest Brazilian herd, 5% of the national herd. Among the municipalities in Goiás that stood out, [[Rio Verde, Goiás|Rio Verde]] had the 3rd largest national population. In 2016, Goiás was the 4th largest [[milk]] producer, accounting for 10.1% of the country's milk production. The number of [[chickens]] in the State was 64.2 million head in 2015. The production of chicken [[egg as food|eggs]] this year was 188 million dozens. Goiás was the 9th largest producer of eggs, 5% of national production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dm.jor.br/cotidiano/2016/09/rebanho-goiano-alcanca-recorde/ |title=Rebanho goiano alcança recorde |date=30 September 2016 |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=21 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721163700/https://www.dm.jor.br/cotidiano/2016/09/rebanho-goiano-alcanca-recorde/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Colheita do Trigo sequeiro em Catalão GO - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|Wheat harvest in Goiás]]
[[Agriculture in Brazil|Agriculture]] as a total represented 21% of the GDP of the state. The state of Goiás stands out in the production of [[sugarcane]], [[maize|corn]], [[soy]], [[sorghum]], [[beans]], [[sunflower]], [[tomato]], [[garlic]], in addition to also producing [[cotton]], [[rice]], [[coffee]] and [[wheat]]. In 2019, Goiás was the Brazilian state with the 4th highest grain production, 10% of the national production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/agencia-sala-de-imprensa/2013-agencia-de-noticias/releases/26537-ibge-preve-safra-recorde-de-graos-em-2020 |title=IBGE prevê safra recorde de grãos em 2020 |date=8 January 2020 |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=28 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028173247/https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/agencia-sala-de-imprensa/2013-agencia-de-noticias/releases/26537-ibge-preve-safra-recorde-de-graos-em-2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> Goiás is the 2nd largest producer of [[sugarcane]] in the country, 11.3% of national production, with 75.7 million tons harvested in the 2019–20 harvest. In the same year, it was the 4th largest producer of [[soy]], with 12.46 million tons. It has the national leadership in the production of [[sorghum]]: it produced 44% of the Brazilian crop production in the 2019–2020 cycle, with a harvest of 1.09 million tons.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://agroemdia.com.br/2020/01/17/goias-lidera-producao-nacional-de-sorgo-segundo-o-ibge/ |title=Goiás lidera produção nacional de sorgo, segundo o IBGE |date=17 January 2020 |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801034747/https://agroemdia.com.br/2020/01/17/goias-lidera-producao-nacional-de-sorgo-segundo-o-ibge/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017, it was the 4th largest producer of [[maize]] in the country. The state is also the Brazilian leader in [[tomato]] production: in 2019 it produced over 1.2 million tons, a third of the country's total production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/agronegocios/globo-rural/noticia/2020/06/07/safra-de-tomate-deve-vir-12percent-menor-este-ano-em-goias.ghtml |title=Safra de tomate deve vir 12% menor este ano em Goiás |date=7 June 2020 |access-date=31 July 2020 |archive-date=3 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703161148/https://g1.globo.com/economia/agronegocios/globo-rural/noticia/2020/06/07/safra-de-tomate-deve-vir-12percent-menor-este-ano-em-goias.ghtml |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, Goiás became the leader of the Brazilian production of [[garlic]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.diadecampo.com.br/zpublisher/materias/Materia.asp?id=25244&secao=Artigos%20Especiais&c2=Agroneg%F3cio |title=Alho em Goiás |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=28 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028014729/http://www.diadecampo.com.br/zpublisher/materias/Materia.asp?id=25244&secao=Artigos%20Especiais&c2=Agroneg%F3cio |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://anapa.com.br/revista-campo-e-negocio-alho-brasileiro-sofre-concorrencia-desleal/ |title=&#91;REVISTA CAMPO E NEGÓCIO&#93; Alho brasileiro sofre concorrência desleal |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=17 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717154044/https://anapa.com.br/revista-campo-e-negocio-alho-brasileiro-sofre-concorrencia-desleal/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Goiás was the 4th largest producer of [[beans]] in Brazil in the 2017–18 harvest, with 374 thousand tons, and has about 10% of the country's production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.agricultura.pr.gov.br/sites/default/arquivos_restritos/files/documento/2019-09/feijao_2019_v1.pdf |title=Feijão - Análise da Conjuntura Agropecuária |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=28 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628032623/http://www.agricultura.pr.gov.br/sites/default/arquivos_restritos/files/documento/2019-09/feijao_2019_v1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The state is also in 3rd place in the national production of [[cotton]], however, most of the national production is from Mato Grosso and Bahia - Goiás has only 2.3% of participation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://g1.globo.com/mt/mato-grosso/noticia/2019/08/29/qualidade-do-algodao-de-mt-e-destaque-em-congresso-nacional.ghtml |title=Qualidade do algodão de MT é destaque em congresso nacional |date=29 August 2019 |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801025024/https://g1.globo.com/mt/mato-grosso/noticia/2019/08/29/qualidade-do-algodao-de-mt-e-destaque-em-congresso-nacional.ghtml |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.agroolhar.com.br/noticias/exibir.asp?id=25834&noticia=mt-segue-como-lider-isolado-na-producao-de-algodao-e-safra-sobe-para-65-em-201718 |title=MT segue como líder isolado na produção de algodão e safra sobe para 65% em 2017/18 |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=29 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729034954/https://www.agroolhar.com.br/noticias/exibir.asp?id=25834&noticia=mt-segue-como-lider-isolado-na-producao-de-algodao-e-safra-sobe-para-65-em-201718 |url-status=live }}</ref> In [[sunflower]], in 2020 Goiás was the 2nd largest national producer, with 41.8%, losing only from Mato Grosso. In [[rice]], Goiás is the 8th largest producer in Brazil, with 1% of national production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.noticiasagricolas.com.br/noticias/graos/259114-goias-passa-a-ser-o-terceiro-maior-produtor-de-graos-do-brasil.html |title=Goiás passa a ser o terceiro maior produtor de grãos do Brasil |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=18 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718011932/https://www.noticiasagricolas.com.br/noticias/graos/259114-goias-passa-a-ser-o-terceiro-maior-produtor-de-graos-do-brasil.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Fosfértil Catalão.jpg|thumb|Chemical-mineral complex of the Fosfértil company in Catalão.]]

Minerals are also important with the state being a major producer of [[nickel]], [[copper]], [[gold]], [[niobium]] and [[aluminum]] ([[bauxite]]). Goiás had 4.58% of the national mineral participation (3rd place in the country) in 2017. At [[nickel]], Goiás and Pará are the only two producers in the country, Goiás being the 1st in production, having obtained 154 thousand tons at a value of R$1.4 billion. In [[copper]], it was the 2nd largest producer in the country, with 242 thousand tons, at a value of R$1.4 billion. In [[gold]], it was the 4th largest producer in the country, with 10.2 tons, at a value of R$823 million. In [[niobium]] (in the form of pyrochlorine), it was the 2nd largest producer in the country, with 27 thousand tons, at a value of R$312 million. In [[aluminum]] ([[bauxite]]), it was the 3rd largest producer in the country, with 766 thousand tons, at a value of R$51 million.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.anm.gov.br/dnpm/publicacoes/serie-estatisticas-e-economia-mineral/anuario-mineral/anuario-mineral-brasileiro/amb_2018_ano_base_2017 |title=Anuário Mineral Brasileiro 2018 |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=9 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709020214/http://www.anm.gov.br/dnpm/publicacoes/serie-estatisticas-e-economia-mineral/anuario-mineral/anuario-mineral-brasileiro/amb_2018_ano_base_2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.opopular.com.br/noticias/economia/goi%C3%A1s-lidera-produ%C3%A7%C3%A3o-de-n%C3%ADquel-1.515702 |title=Goiás lidera produção de níquel |date=6 April 2014 |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714170227/https://www.opopular.com.br/noticias/economia/goi%C3%A1s-lidera-produ%C3%A7%C3%A3o-de-n%C3%ADquel-1.515702 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In gemstones, Goiás is one of the [[emerald]] producing states in Brazil. [[Campos Verdes]] is considered the "Capital of the Emeralds". The state also has known production of [[tourmaline]] (Brazil is one of the biggest productors of this gem), and [[sapphire]] (in a scarce mode).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://exame.com/negocios/dino_old/rio-e-bahia-se-unem-para-produzir-joias-e-bijuterias-com-esmeraldas/ |title=Rio e Bahia se unem para produzir joias e bijuterias com esmeraldas |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801034723/https://exame.com/negocios/dino_old/rio-e-bahia-se-unem-para-produzir-joias-e-bijuterias-com-esmeraldas/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cprm.gov.br/publique/Redes-Institucionais/Rede-de-Bibliotecas---Rede-Ametista/Algumas-Gemas-Classicas-1104.html |title=Algumas Gemas Clássicas |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=6 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190906194936/http://www.cprm.gov.br/publique/Redes-Institucionais/Rede-de-Bibliotecas---Rede-Ametista/Algumas-Gemas-Classicas-1104.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.g44.com.br/negocios/mineracao-de-esmeraldas/ |title=Mineração de Esmeraldas |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=27 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027003900/https://www.g44.com.br/negocios/mineracao-de-esmeraldas/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/1995/3/12/brasil/15.html |title=Brasil passa a Colômbia nas esmeraldas |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=17 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717222639/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/1995/3/12/brasil/15.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Patio Mitsubishi.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Mitsubishi]] plant in Catalão.]]
The strongest growing area in the state has been in industry and commerce. Goiás had in 2017 an industrial GDP of R$37.1 billion, equivalent to 3.1% of the national industry. It employs 302,952 workers in the industry. The main industrial sectors are: Construction (25.6%), Food (25.2%), Industrial Public Utility Services, such as Electricity and Water (17.2%), Petroleum Products and Biofuels (7.4%) and Chemicals (3.7%). These 5 sectors concentrate 79.1% of the state's industry.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://perfildaindustria.portaldaindustria.com.br/estado/go |title=Goiás Industry Profile |access-date=21 July 2020 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714121202/http://perfildaindustria.portaldaindustria.com.br/estado/go |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Goiânia]] and [[Aparecida de Goiânia]] have become centers of food-processing industries, [[Anápolis]] of pharmaceutical factories. [[Rio Verde, Goiás|Rio Verde]], in the southwest, is one of the fastest growing small cities with many new industries locating in the area and [[Catalão]] is a metal-mechanical and chemical center.

In Brazil, the [[automotive]] sector represents close to 22% of industrial GDP. Goiás has [[Mitsubishi]], [[Suzuki]] and [[Hyundai Motor Group|Hyundai]] factories.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mdic.gov.br/index.php/competitividade-industrial/setor-automotivo |title=Setor Automotivo |access-date=24 July 2020 |archive-date=26 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026221830/http://www.mdic.gov.br/index.php/competitividade-industrial/setor-automotivo |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/o-novo-mapa-das-montadoras/ |title=O novo mapa das montadoras |date=8 March 2019 |access-date=24 July 2020 |archive-date=8 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308152711/https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/o-novo-mapa-das-montadoras/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Economic indicators===

* '''Agriculture (in tons)''': sugarcane (9,251,798), soybeans (3,420,653), corn (3,414,601), tomato (759,009), rice (352,135), cotton (278,363), manioc (255,639), beans (200,977)--(1999).
* '''Livestock (in head)''': fowl (80,000,000 est.), cattle (18,000,000 est.), pigs (1,000,000 est.) --(1999).
* '''Minerals''': titanium-ilmenite (1,624 t), nickel (52,302 t), manganese (23,242 t), cobalt (484 t), iron (199 brute tons), niobium-pirocloride (54,953 t), gold (4,512,882&nbsp;grams), silver (211,917)--(1998).
* '''Industry''': food, metallurgy, extraction of non-metallic minerals.

===Statistics===
* Vehicles: 1,610,972 (March/2007);
* Mobile phones: 3.6 million (April/2007); Telephones: 1.3 million (April/2007)
* Cities: 246 (2007).<ref>Source: [[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics|IBGE]].</ref>

==Infrastructure==
[[File:BR-060.jpg|thumb|[[BR-060]] Highway.]]
[[File:Emb326 Brazil (16539418667).jpg|thumb|left|[[Anápolis Air Force Base]].]]
[[File:31 07 2019 Cerimônia de Assinatura do Contrato de Concessão da Ferrovia Norte-Sul (48423790862).jpg|thumb|The President of the Republic, Jair Bolsonaro, poses for a photo during the signing ceremony of the concession contract for the North-South section, in 2019, in [[Anápolis]].]]

In 2017, the state had a total road network of 96,642.1 km, including municipal, state and federal roads. As of December 2021, Goiás owned, in addition to municipal roads, 21,212.67 km of Goiás state roads and 2,094.3 km of federal roads. There are more than 13,000 km of paved roads and about 1,200 km are [[dual carriageway|duplicated highways]]. The [[BR-060]] has more than 520 km duplicated between [[Brasília]], [[Goiânia]] and [[Jataí]]. The [[BR-050]] is almost entirely duplicated in the state, with more than 200 km of highways between [[Cristalina]] and the border with Minas Gerais. The [[BR-153]] between Goiânia and the border with Minas Gerais is also duplicated, in addition to the highways that connect Goiânia with the [[BR-070]]. Duplication of highways in the state began in the 2000s and has been constantly evolving ever since.<ref>[https://www.gov.br/dnit/pt-br/rodovias/mapa-de-gerenciamento/mapas-de-manutencao-maio-2022/103-mapa_go.pdf MAPA DE MANUTENÇÃO RODOVIÁRIA GOIÁS]</ref><ref>[http://www.goinfra.go.gov.br/arquivos/SISTEMA_RODOVI%c3%81RIO_DO_ESTADO_DE_%20-%20Copy%202.pdf Sistema Rodoviário Goiano]</ref><ref>[https://anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br/2021/Rodoviario/1-3-1-1-1-/Malha-rodovi%C3%A1ria-total Anuário CNT do transporte]</ref> There is currently a project to duplicate the [[BR-153]] between [[Anápolis]] and the border with [[Tocantins]].<ref>[https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mercado/2021/04/ecorodovias-vence-leilao-da-rodovia-br-153-por-r-320-milhoes.shtml Ecorodovias vence leilão da rodovia BR-153 por R$ 320 milhões]</ref>

Highways in the [[Brazilian Highway System]] include [[BR-020]], [[BR-040]], [[BR-050]], [[BR-060]], [[BR-070]], [[BR-080]], [[Rodovia Transbrasiliana]] (BR-153), [[BR-158]], [[BR-251]], [[BR-364]], [[BR-414]], [[BR-452]]; additionally, over 60 state highways run through the state.

Modernization work will soon get under way{{when|date=December 2024}} at [[Santa Genoveva Airport]] in the northeast side of Goiânia. With nominal yearly capacity of 600,000 passengers, in 2004 it received 950,000. With its new terminal, it will be able to handle up to 2 million users a year. Air traffic in Goiás has several airports.<ref>[https://www.aeroportogoiania.net/ Goiânia Santa Genoveva Airport]</ref> An airbase has been built in [[Anápolis]] for the [[supersonic aircraft]] of the [[Brazilian Air Force]].<ref>[https://g1.globo.com/go/goias/noticia/2020/11/17/fab-abre-46-vagas-para-servico-militar-temporario-e-voluntario-em-anapolis.ghtml FAB abre 46 vagas para serviço militar temporário e voluntário em Anápolis]</ref>

There is only a waterway on the Paranaíba River, and its main port is [[São Simão, Goiás|São Simão]], which forms part of the [[Hidrovia Tietê-Paraná]].<ref>[https://g1.globo.com/sp/bauru-marilia/noticia/2022/03/11/hidrovia-tiete-parana-tem-data-marcada-para-retomada-da-navegacao-apos-estiagem-suspender-operacoes.ghtml Hidrovia Tietê-Paraná tem data marcada para retomada da navegação após estiagem suspender operações]</ref>

One of the most important railways in the state is the [[North-South Railway (Brazil)|Ferrovia Norte-Sul]] (North-South Railway). On March 4, 2021, the section between [[São Simão, Goiás|São Simão]] (GO) and [[Estrela d'Oeste]] (SP) entered into operation. In São Simão, a terminal with a static capacity of 42,000 tons and the capacity to process 5.5 million tons of soybeans, corn and soybean meal per year was built. On May 29, 2021, the first railway composition loaded with soybeans departed from the multimodal terminal of [[Rio Verde, Goiás|Rio Verde]] (GO), bound for the [[Port of Santos]]. This trip marked the inauguration of the section between Rio Verde and São Simão (GO) with just over 200 km.<ref>[https://revistagloborural.globo.com/Noticias/Infraestrutura-e-Logistica/noticia/2021/03/inaugurada-ferrovia-norte-sul-entre-sao-simao-e-estrela-doeste.html Inaugurada a Ferrovia Norte-sul entre São Simão e Estrela D’Oeste]</ref><ref>[https://g1.globo.com/sp/santos-regiao/porto-mar/noticia/2021/06/05/vagoes-da-primeira-viagem-de-trem-da-ferrovia-norte-sul-chegam-ao-porto-de-santos-sp.ghtml Vagões da primeira viagem de trem da ferrovia Norte-Sul chegam ao Porto de Santos, SP]</ref>

==Main sights==
[[File:Piscinas de ondas.jpg|thumb|Wave pool, where thermal water is used, located in Rio Quente Resorts, [[Caldas Novas]].]]
[[File:Cachoeira_da_Santa_Bárbara.JPG|thumb|right|Santa Barbara Waterfall in Cavalcante]]

* '''Caldas Novas'''

It is a city located in the southeast of the state, where hot springs are located, being the largest hydrothermal resort in the world, with several resorts that use the waters of these thermal springs for therapeutic and leisure purposes. Some resorts in the city are inspired by the ancient Roman Baths. The Region attracts tourists from all over Brazil and the world.<ref>[https://viagemeturismo.abril.com.br/cidades/caldas-novas-3/ Caldas Novas]</ref><ref>[https://diaonline.ig.com.br/2018/09/25/12-cidades-turisticas-de-goias-para-voce-conhecer-e-relaxar/ 12 villes touristiques à Goiás pour vous faire découvrir et vous détendre]</ref>
* '''Chapada dos Veadeiros'''
{{Main|Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park}}
It is an ecological national park famous for the diversity of its landscape and the richness of its fauna and flora.
* '''City of Goiás'''
{{Main|Goiás, Goiás}}
An internationally famous [[World Heritage Site]], the city is notable for its historical importance and colonial architecture.
* '''Parque Nacional das Emas'''
{{Main|Emas National Park}}
The Emas National Park is another [[World Heritage Site]] in Goiás.
* '''Pirenópolis'''
{{Main|Pirenópolis}}
Pirenópolis is a city in the interior of the State of Goiás, known for its preserved [[Colonial Brazil|colonial homes]] and steep stone streets.

==Cities==
The state is divided into 246 municipalities
[[File:Catalão2.JPG|thumb|right|View of [[Catalão]] in Goiás.]]
{{Further|List of municipalities in Goiás}}
The 15 most populous cities as estimated in 2017 by IGBE:
* [[Goiânia]] (1,466,105)
* [[Aparecida de Goiânia]] (542,090)
* [[Anápolis]] (375,142)
* [[Rio Verde, Goiás|Rio Verde]] (217,048)
* [[Luziânia]] (199,615)
* [[Águas Lindas de Goiás]] (195,810)
* [[Valparaíso de Goiás]] (159,500)
* [[Trindade, Goiás|Trindade]] (121,266)
* [[Formosa, Goiás|Formosa]] (115,789)
* [[Novo Gama]] (110,096)
* [[Senador Canedo]] (105,459)
* [[Itumbiara]] (102,513)
* [[Catalão]] (102,393)
* [[Jataí]] (98,128)
* [[Santo Antônio do Descoberto]] (90,525)

See [http://www.citypopulation.de/Brazil-Goias.html City population of Goiás] for table showing population from 1991 to 2005 in the 37 largest cities.

;Some cities known for their tourist interest
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name!!Population
|-
| [[Caldas Novas]]|| align=right |65,637
|-
| [[Cristalina]]|| align=right |51,133
|-
| [[Ipameri]]|| align=right |22,600
|-
| [[Pirenópolis]]|| align=right |21,241
|-
| [[Goiás, Goiás|Goiás]]|| align=right |14,173
|-
| [[Paraúna]]|| align=right |10,900
|-
| [[Corumbá de Goiás]]|| align=right |9,915
|-
| [[Cavalcante]]|| align=right |9,725
|-
| [[Alto Paraíso de Goiás]]|| align=right |7,688
|-
| [[Aruanã]]|| align=right |5,212
|-
| [[Rio Quente]]|| align=right |4,612
|-
|}

==Sport==
[[File:Serra Dourada Lotado.jpg|thumb|[[Serra Dourada Stadium]].]]
[[File:Brasil-Angola na Copa do Mundo Sub-17 de 2019.jpg|thumb|left|[[Estádio Olímpico Pedro Ludovico|Pedro Ludovico Teixeira Olympic Stadium]].]]

The main sport in the state is football. The main football clubs are [[Goiás Esporte Clube|Goiás]], [[Atlético Goianiense]], [[Vila Nova Futebol Clube|Vila Nova]], [[Anápolis Futebol Clube|Anápolis]], [[Itumbiara Esporte Clube|Itumbiara]], [[Anapolina]], [[Clube Recreativo e Atlético Catalano|CRAC]] and [[Goiânia Esporte Clube|Goiânia]]. The main stadiums in Goiás are the [[Serra Dourada Stadium]] and the [[Estádio Olímpico Pedro Ludovico|Pedro Ludovico Teixeira Olympic Stadium]], which was chosen as one of the hosts of the [[2019 FIFA U-17 World Cup]].<ref>[http://fgf.esp.br/clubes-goianos FGF]</ref><ref>[https://globoesporte.globo.com/go/futebol/noticia/estadio-olimpico-de-goiania-e-confirmado-como-sede-da-copa-do-mundo-sub-17.ghtml Estádio Olímpico de Goiânia é confirmado como sede da Copa do Mundo sub-17]</ref>

Volleyball is also widely practiced by the population of Goiás, occupying the 3rd place in preference, with futsal in second place. Rugby occupies the fourth place in the preference of Goiás. A place where volleyball and futsal are widely practiced is in the city of Anápolis, which has an international gymnasium capable of hosting official matches, the Newton de Faria International Gymnasium.<ref>[https://www.anapolis.go.gov.br/anapolis-sedia-rodada-da-copa-do-brasil-2022-de-futsal-nesta-quarta-feira-4/ Anápolis sedia rodada da Copa do Brasil 2022 de Futsal nesta quarta-feira, 4]</ref>

Olympic medalists [[Dante Amaral|Dante]] in volleyball and [[Carlos Jayme]] in swimming were born in the state, as well as medalists in world championships, such as [[César Sebba]] in basketball and [[Diogo Villarinho]] in aquatic marathon.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cob.org.br/pt/cob/time-brasil/atletas/dante-guimaraes-santos-do-amaral/ |title=Dante |access-date=8 November 2022 |archive-date=17 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817095853/https://www.cob.org.br/pt/cob/time-brasil/atletas/dante-guimaraes-santos-do-amaral/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cob.org.br/pt/cob/time-brasil/atletas/carlos-alberto-borges-jayme/ |title=Carlos Jayme |access-date=8 November 2022 |archive-date=8 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108111718/https://www.cob.org.br/pt/cob/time-brasil/atletas/carlos-alberto-borges-jayme/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161220160859/http://www.cbb.com.br/Selecoes/AT?cod=7832 César Sebba]</ref><ref>[https://ge.globo.com/natacao/noticia/apos-vencer-cancer-diogo-villarinho-sera-primeiro-do-pais-a-nadar-no-mar-e-em-piscina-em-mundial.ghtml Diogo Villarinho]</ref>

==Flag==
The green bars in the flag symbolize the spring and the yellow bars gold. The blue rectangle in the topleft corner symbolizes the sky, with the five stars forming the [[constellation]] of the [[Crux|Southern Cross]]. The flag was adopted on 30 July 1919. It is a toned down version of the original Republican [[flag of Brazil]], in itself not original.
{{Further|List of Goiás state symbols}}

==Notable people==
{{div col|colwidth=27em}}

* [[Joaquim Xavier Curado, Count of São João das Duas Barras]], military officer, [[nobleman]] and politician
* [[Carlos Jayme]], swimmer, Olympic medallist
* [[Amado Batista]], singer
* [[Arthur Melo|Arthur]], footballer
* [[Douglas Lima]], [[mixed martial artist|MMA]] champion
* [[Diogo Villarinho]], swimmer specialized in open water marathon
* [[Henrique Meirelles]], president of [[Banco Central do Brasil]]
* [[Mahau Suguimati]], athlete
* [[Leandro e Leonardo]], singers
* [[Léo Jaime]], singer and songwriter
* [[Bruno Bonfim]], swimmer
* [[Marcos Hummel]], [[Rede Record]] presenter
* [[Nana Gouvêa]], [[Fetish model|adult model]]
* [[Dudu (footballer, born 1992)|Dudu]], football player
* [[Ronaldo Caiado]], governor
* [[Fernandão (footballer, born 1978)|Fernandão]], football player, world champion playing for [[Sport Club Internacional]]
* [[Túlio Maravilha]], former soccer player
* [[Wanessa]], singer
* [[Zezé Di Camargo & Luciano]], singers
* [[Paulo Nunes]],  former soccer player
* [[Dante Amaral]], Brazilian national volleyball team
{{div col end}}

==See also==
* [[Goiânia accident]]
* [[Government of Goiás]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
Historic Centre of the Town of Goiás World Heritage Site [https://artsandculture.google.com/story/historic-centre-of-the-town-of-goi%C3%A1s/PgLiPxF1SYUeKw Google Arts and Culture Platform]
{{Sister project links|Goiás|voy=Goiás}}
*{{in lang|pt}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20180821131546/http://www.goias.gov.br/ Government of Goiás website]
*{{in lang|pt}} [http://www.al.go.gov.br/ Legislative Assembly of Goiás website]
*{{in lang|pt}} [http://www.tjgo.jus.br/ Court of Justice of Goiás website]
* {{commons category-inline|Goiás}}
* {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle= Goyáz |volume = 12 |page=303 |short=1}}

{{Goiás}}
{{States_of_Brazil}}
{{Brazil topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Goias}}
[[Category:Goiás| ]]
[[Category:Federative units of Brazil]]
[[Category:Central-West Region, Brazil|*]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1889]]
[[Category:1889 establishments in Brazil]]