Editing Godolphin Arabian

{{Short description|Foundation sire of the Thoroughbred horse breed (c. 1724–1753)}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox racehorse
| name      = Godolphin Arabian
| image     = Godolphin Arabian.jpg
| image_alt =
| caption   = The Godolphin Arabian, by [[George Stubbs]], after [[David Morier]]
| breed     = 
| sire      = 
| grandsire = 
| dam       = 
| damsire   = 
| sex       = 
| foaled    = {{start date and age|1724}}
| country   = 
| colour    = <!-- or | color = -->
| breeder   = 
| owner     = [[Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin]]
| racing_colours =  <!-- or | racing_colors = -->
| trainer   = 
| jockey    = 
| record    = 
| earnings  = 
| wins      = 
| awards    = 
| honours   = [[Leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland]] (1738, 1745, 1747)
| updated   =  
}}
The '''Godolphin Arabian''' ({{circa|1724|lk=yes}}–1753), also known as the '''Godolphin Barb''', was an [[Arabian horse]] who was one of three [[stallion (horse)|stallion]]s that founded the modern [[Thoroughbred]] (the others were the [[Darley Arabian]] and the [[Byerley Turk]]). He was named after his best-known owner, [[Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin]].

==Origins==
The Godolphin Arabian was foaled about 1724 in [[Yemen]] and moved several times before reaching England. At some early age, he was exported, probably via Syria, to the [[Stud (animal)|stud]] of the [[bey of Tunis]]. From there he was given to [[Louis XV]] of France in 1730.<ref name="BHA"/> It is believed he was a present from monarch to monarch. Not valued by his new French owner, it is believed he was used as a [[carthorse]].{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=84}}

The horse was then imported from France by [[Edward Coke, Viscount Coke|Edward Coke]] and sent to his [[Stud farm|stud]] at [[Longford Hall, Derbyshire]], where he remained until the death of his owner in 1733.<ref name=Milner3>{{Citation|author=Milner, Mordaunt|title=The Godolphin Arabian: The Story of the Matchem Line |publisher=J. A. Allen |location=London |isbn=0-85131-476-7|pages=3–4|year=1990 }}</ref>

He was bequeathed to Roger Williams, "proprietor of the St. James's [[English coffeehouses in the 17th and 18th centuries|Coffee House]]",{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=84}} who inherited Coke's stallions. He was bought by the 2nd Earl of Godolphin,<ref name=Milner3/> and placed at his stud at [[Wandlebury Hill|Wandlebury]], Cambridgeshire, until his death on Christmas Day 1753. A stone marks his grave under the archway of the stable block of [[Wandlebury Hill#Wandlebury House|Wandlebury House]].

==Appearance==
[[File:Wandlebury.jpg|thumb|The stable block of [[Wandlebury Hill#Wandlebury House|Wandlebury House]] where the horse was buried]]
The Godolphin Arabian was a [[bay (horse)|bay]] colour with some white on the off heel behind. He stood at {{hands|15}} and was distinguished by an unnaturally high crest, which is noticeable from portraits of the horse.{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=85}} Most of his immediate offspring were also bay.{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=88}}

The veterinary surgeon Osmer described the Godolphin Arabian in the following manner,

{{blockquote|There never was a horse… so well entitled to get racers as the Godolphin Arabian…his shoulders were deeper, and lay farther into his back, than those of any horse yet seen. Behind the shoulders, there was but a very small space where the muscles of his loins rose exceedingly high, broad, and expanded, which were inserted into his quarters with greater strength and power than in any horse . . . yet seen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.godolphin.com/about-us/our-heritage/the-godolphin-arabian/|title=The Godolphin Story|date=January 2020 }}</ref>}}

==Breed controversy==
[[Image:Godolphin Arabian grave.jpg|right|thumb|The Godolphin Arabian was buried within the stable block at [[Wandlebury]] in 1753 at the age of 29.]]
Controversy exists over the ancestry of this horse; some writers referred to him as a [[Barb (horse)|Barb]], but [[Judith Blunt-Lytton, 16th Baroness Wentworth]] of the [[Crabbet Arabian Stud]] concludes that it is most widely believed that he was [[Arabian horse|an Arabian]] or had primarily Arabian lineage.<ref>Wentworth, Judith Anne Dorothea Blunt-Lytton. ''The Authentic Arabian Horse,'' 3rd ed. George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1979.</ref>

"Barb" is a reference to his believed country of origin, [[Tunisia]], on the [[Barbary Coast]].  Whyte in the 1840 ''History of the British Turf'', refers to the horse as "The Godolphin Barb, or ''as he has been improperly called'', the Godolphin Arabian" (emphasis added){{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=64}} before further clarifying, "he was long considered an Arabian, although his points resembled more those of the highest breed of Barbs."{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=84}} However, portraits showing a horse with a high-carried tail and dished profile, features that differentiate the two types, lead modern experts to believe he was more likely an Arabian.<ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/> The confusion is understandable, but while the breeds have some characteristics in common and are distantly related, their [[phenotype]]s are quite distinct. There was also an argument raised that he was actually a [[Turkoman horse|Turkomen]], merely called an Arabian in order to raise the [[stud fee]].

The Earl of Godolphin referred to the horse as an Arabian, and he was described as such by the painter [[George Stubbs]]. Lord Godolphin later bought a second stallion in 1750. This one he clearly called a "barb". Both were of a similar bay colour, but the Barb had a [[star (horse)|star]]. Godolphin later bought a grey Barb, which has also caused some confusion over the years.

Recent DNA studies disprove the theory that he was a Barb, as his descendants' [[Y-DNA]] traces to the same general [[haplotype]] as the [[Darley Arabian]], though to different sub-groups and there are relatively few male-line descendants of the Godolphin Arabian today.<ref name="Wallner 2017">{{cite journal|last1=Wallner|first1=Barbara|last2=Palmieri|first2=Nicola|last3=Vogl|first3=Claus|last4=Rigler|first4=Doris|last5=Bozlak|first5=Elif|last6=Druml|first6=Thomas|last7=Jagannathan|first7=Vidhya|last8=Leeb|first8=Tosso|last9=Fries|first9=Ruedi|last10=Tetens|first10=Jens|last11=Thaller|first11=Georg|last12=Metzger|first12=Julia|last13=Distl|first13=Ottmar|last14=Lindgren|first14=Gabriella|last15=Rubin|first15=Carl-Johan|last16=Andersson|first16=Leif|last17=Schaefer|first17=Robert|last18=McCue|first18=Molly|last19=Neuditschko|first19=Markus|last20=Rieder|first20=Stefan|last21=Schlötterer|first21=Christian|last22=Brem|first22=Gottfried|title=Y Chromosome Uncovers the Recent Oriental Origin of Modern Stallions|journal=Current Biology|date=July 2017|volume=27|issue=13|pages=2029–2035.e5|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.05.086|pmid=28669755|doi-access=free|bibcode=2017CBio...27E2029W }}</ref>   This group may have been of [[Turkoman horse]] or Arabian origins, as modern horses of both breeds have been linked to this haplotype.<ref name="Wallner 2013">{{cite journal|last1=Wallner|first1=Barbara|last2=Vogl|first2=Claus|last3=Shukla|first3=Priyank|last4=Burgstaller|first4=Joerg P.|last5=Druml|first5=Thomas|last6=Brem|first6=Gottfried|last7=Ellegren|first7=Hans|title=Identification of Genetic Variation on the Horse Y Chromosome and the Tracing of Male Founder Lineages in Modern Breeds|journal=PLOS ONE|date=3 April 2013|volume=8|issue=4|pages=e60015|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0060015|pmc=3616054|pmid=23573227|bibcode=2013PLoSO...860015W|doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Breeding career==
[[File:Lord Godolphin's Lath by James Seymour.jpg|thumb|[[Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin|Lord Godolphin]]'s [[Lath (horse)|Lath]] (by [[James Seymour (artist)|James Seymour]])]]
The Godolphin Arabian was the [[leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland]] in 1738, 1745 and 1747.

Originally, this small stallion was considered inferior to the larger European horses of the time and was not meant to be put to stud. Instead he was used as '[[Horse breeding#Live cover|teaser]]', a stallion used to gauge the mare's receptiveness. This changed when [[Hobgoblin (horse)|Hobgoblin]] refused to [[Mating|cover]] the mare Roxana, who was then covered by the Godolphin Arabian.{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=84-85}}

The result of this mating was [[Lath (horse)|Lath]], the first of his offspring, who went on to win the Queen's Plate nine times out of nine at the [[Newmarket Racecourse|Newmarket races]]. The second colt from this pair was [[Cade (horse)|Cade]], and the third was [[Regulus (horse)|Regulus]].<ref name="SireLine"/> All three were the same gold-touched bay as their sire, with the same small build and high-crested [[horse conformation|conformation]]. All were exceptionally fast on the track, and went on to sire many foals themselves. This was the start of the Godolphin Arabian's prowess as a racing stud, and he spent the rest of his days as the Earl of Godolphin's prize stallion, bred to England's finest mares.

The American connection began with the filly [[Selima (horse)|Selima]] (born in 1745 out of Shireborn). She was purchased by [[Benjamin Tasker Jr.]] of the [[Province of Maryland]] in [[Colonial America]], carried to the new world, and raced between 1750 and 1753. She won the biggest prize of the era, 2,500 [[pistole]]s at [[Gloucester, Virginia]] which marked "the beginning of the remarkable racing contests between the rival colonies of Maryland and [[Colony of Virginia|Virginia]]." After this, she became a successful broodmare at the [[Belair Stud]] in [[Collington, Maryland]].<ref name=Deubler>{{Citation | last = Deubler | first = Cindy | title = Belair Museums stand in path of "Progress" | journal = Mid-Atlantic Thoroughbred | pages =  22–27 | date = May 2002  }}</ref><ref name=remly>{{Citation | last = Remly | first = Lynn L. | title = Art Among the Oats: Belair Stable Museum| journal = Equine Images | volume = 2000 | issue = 81 | pages = 5–56 | date = Fall 2002  }}</ref>

The Godolphin Arabian died on the [[Gog Magog Hills]], [[Cambridgeshire]] in 1753, aged around 29.  The horse's grave in the stable block of [[Wandlebury Hill|Wandlebury House]] can be visited.  When he was interred, the occasion was marked with ale and cake.{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=85}}

==Legacy==
{{See also|Darley Arabian|Conquérant (trotter horse)}}
[[File:The_Godolphin_Arabian_and_the_cat_Grimalkin_at_the_stable_by_John_Faber_the_Younger_after_David_Morier.jpg|thumb|The Godolphin Arabian and the cat Grimalkin, engraved by [[John Faber the Younger]] in 1753, after [[David Morier]] (initials of the artists).]]
Although today the majority of Thoroughbred horses' sire lines trace to the [[Darley Arabian]], several famous North American horses of the past trace their sire line back to the Godolphin Arabian. These include [[Seabiscuit]], [[Man o' War (horse)|Man o' War]], and [[War Admiral]]. Today, the sire line is primarily supported by descendants of [[Relaunch (horse)|Relaunch]] and his son Cee's Tizzy through dual [[Breeders' Cup Classic]] winner [[Tiznow]].

In Europe, his influence survives mainly through the [[2,000 Guineas]] winner [[Known Fact]], and his son, the champion miler [[Warning (British horse)|Warning]]. This line has produced outstanding sprinters such as [[Diktat (horse)|Diktat]] ([[Haydock Sprint Cup]]), [[Avonbridge (horse)|Avonbridge]] and [[Dream Ahead]].  The [[Epsom Derby|Derby]] has not been won by a sire line descendant of the Godolphin Arabian since [[Santa Claus (horse)|Santa Claus]] in 1964 and is nowadays dominated by descendants of the Darley Arabian.<ref name="BHA"/>

The major Thoroughbred sire [[Eclipse (horse)|Eclipse]] traces in his sire line to the Darley Arabian, but his dam was a daughter of [[Regulus (horse)|Regulus]] and thus also traces to the Godolphin Arabian.<ref name="Pedigree"/>  This pattern continues to be seen today, with the Godolphin Arabian more heavily represented in dam lines and in the "middle" of pedigrees (as opposed to direct sire lines).

[[Conquérant (trotter horse)|Conquérant]], a founding stallion of the [[French Trotter]] breed, also belonged to the male lineage of the Godolphin Arabian.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Reynaldo|2015|p=85}}</ref>

==In fiction==
''[[King of the Wind]]'' (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1948) is a fictional biography of the Godolphin Arabian by American author [[Marguerite Henry]]. She wrote many [[Pony book|books about horses for children]], and perhaps is best known for ''[[Misty of Chincoteague (novel)|Misty of Chincoteague]]'' and its sequels. She won the [[Newbery Medal]]<!--only; Misty was a runner-up in 1946--> for ''King of the Wind'', recognizing it as the year's "most distinguished contribution to American literature for children".<ref name=newbery>
[http://ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/alsc/awardsgrants/bookmedia/newberymedal/newberyhonors/newberymedal.cfm "Newbery Medal and Honor Books, 1922–Present"]. [[Association for Library Service to Children]] (ALSC). American Library Association (ALA).<br>
&nbsp; [http://www.ala.org/alsc/awardsgrants/bookmedia/newberymedal/aboutnewbery/aboutnewbery "The John Newbery Medal"]. ALSC. ALA. Retrieved 23 April 2014.</ref> ''Misty'' [[Misty (film)|became a film]] in 1961, but ''King of the Wind'' had to wait till 1990 [[King of the Wind (film)|for its adaptation]], with [[Navin Chowdhry]] as the Arabian's lifetime stable boy Agba.<ref>{{IMDb title|qid=Q4101104|title=King of the Wind}}. Retrieved 23 April 2014.</ref>

In the novel, the Godolphin Arabian was foaled in [[Morocco]] and was called Sham. He came to Europe as a diplomatic gift to King [[Louis XV of France]] but, due to his poor condition on arrival and relatively small size, was given to the cook as a cart horse. He was soon sold to a woodcarter in Paris, where he was treated poorly and then purchased by the Quaker Edward Coke of [[Holkham Hall]], older brother of the 1st [[Earl of Leicester]] 5th Creation,{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} then sold to [[Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin|Francis, Earl of Godolphin]], who maintained a stud in [[Suffolk]], near the racing town of [[Newmarket, Suffolk|Newmarket]].

==Sire line tree==
{{cot|Descendants of the Godolphin Arabian (click to expand)}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=yes}}
{{tree list}}
*'''Godolphin Arabian'''<!--b. 1724--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/GodolphinArabian.html|title=Godolphin Arabian|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref name="Godolphin Arabian">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/GodolphinArabian.htm|title=Godolphin Arabian}}</ref><ref name="Godolphin Arabian Line">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/SireLineschts/SireLineGA.html|title=Godolphin Arabian Line|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref name="Godolphin Sirelines">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/GodolphinArabian.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Sire Lines Godolphin Arabian|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michaelchurchracingbooks.com/the-godolphin-arabian/|title=Michael Church Racing Books|first=Ed|last=Gillett|date=15 October 2019|website=Michael Church Racing Books}}</ref>
**[[Lath (horse)|Lath]]<!--b. 1732--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios2/Lath.htm|title=Lath|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresL.html#Lath|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - L|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Red Cap<!--b. 1744-->
***Hector<!--b. 1745-->
**Dismal<!--b. 1733--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyD.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook D|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
**[[Cade (horse)|Cade]]<!--b. 1734--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresC.html|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - C|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Cade.htm|title=Cade|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Bandy<!--b. 1747-->
***Changeling<!--b. 1747-->
****Le Sang<!--b. 1759--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresL.html#LeSang|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - L|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****[[Bourbon (horse)|Bourbon]]<!--b. 1774-->
*****Orpheus<!--b. 1774-->
*****Miracle<!--b. 1776-->
***Trunnion<!--b. 1747-->
***Young Cade<!--b. 1747-->
****Julius Caesar<!--b. 1757-->
****Royal George<!--b. 1760-->
****Drone<!--b. 1761-->
****Cadmus<!--b. 1765-->
***Martin<!--b. 1748-->
***[[Matchem]]<!--b. 1748--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Matchem.html|title=Matchem|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Matchem.htm|title=Matchem|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
****Turf<!--b. 1760-->
*****Crop<!--b. 1778-->
*****Acacia<!--b. 1787-->
****Dux<!--b. 1761-->
*****Yellow Jack<!--b. 1773--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresXYZ.html|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - X, Y, Z|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Conductor<!--b. 1767--><ref name=Conductor>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresC.html#Conductor|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - C|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Imperator<!--b. 1776--><ref name=Imperator/>
*****Trumpator<!--b. 1782-->
*****Harpator<!--b. 1784--><ref name=Imperator>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresI.html#Imperator|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - I|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Pantaloon<!--b. 1767--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#Pantaloon|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - P|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Buffer<!--b. 1784-->
*****Harry Rowe<!--b. 1793-->
*****John Doe<!--b. 1794-->
****North Star<!--b. 1768-->
*****North Star<!--b. 180?--><ref name="XVII"/>
****Johnny<!--b. 1769-->
****Pumpkin<!--b. 1769--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#Pumpkin|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - P|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Young Pumpkin<!--b. 1778-->
****Alfred<!--b. 1770--><ref name=Conductor/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresA.html#Alfred|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - A|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Doctor<!--b. 1781-->
*****Guyler<!--b. 1782-->
*****Shipton<!--b. 1783-->
*****Tickle Toby<!--b. 1786-->
****Protector<!--b. 1770-->
****Dictator<!--b. 1773--><ref name=Conductor/>
****Magnum Bonum<!--b. 1773--><ref name="XVII">{{Cite web|url=https://www.clyx.com/books/wallace/the_horse_of_america_in_his_derivation_history_and/chapter_xvii_messenger_and_his_ancestors.htm|title=The Horse of America in His Derivation, History, and Development :: CHAPTER XVII. MESSENGER AND HIS ANCESTORS.|website=www.clyx.com}}</ref>
***Hero<!--b. 1753--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyH.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook H|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=28 May 2023|archive-date=28 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528190238/https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyH.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
****Friar<!--b. 1768-->
****Adonis<!--b. 1772-->
***Sportsman<!--b. 1753-->
***Wildair<!--b. 1753--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresW.html#Wildair|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - W|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyW.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook W|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
****Bashaw<!--b. 1768-->
****Wildair (Church)<!--b. 1774--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sporthorse-data.com/pedigree/churchs-wildair?mode=d|title=Churchs Wildair|date=19 April 2017|website=SporthorseData}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sporthorse-data.com/offspring?horse_id=10539310|title=Churchs Wildair 1774 (1 offspring)|website=SporthorseData}}</ref>
*****Diamond<!--b. 1779-->
****Telemachus<!--b. 1775-->
****Tommy<!--b. 1776-->
***Belford<!--b. 1754-->
***Northumberland<!--b. 1754--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresN.html#Northumberland|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - N|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Ragamuffin<!--b. 1766-->
****Teucer<!--b. 1769--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyT.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook T|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
****Young Northumberland<!--b. 1773-->
***Silvio<!--b. 1754--><ref name=S/>
***Brother to Silvio<!--b. 1755--><ref name=S>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresS.html|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - S|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Sprightly<!--b. 1754-->
****Pyrrhus<!--b. 1767--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - P|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Edgar<!--b. 1776-->
*****Sysyfus<!--b. 1780-->
***Pangloss<!--b. 1755-->
***Boreas<!--b. 1756-->
**Mogul<!--b. 1735--><ref name="Early M">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyM.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook M|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresM.html|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - M|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Jolly Roger<!--b. 1743--><ref name="Jolly Roger">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresJ.html#JollyRoger|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - J|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Young Mogul<!--b. 1745-->
***[[Whistlejacket#Horse history|Whistlejacket]]<!--b. 1749--><ref name="Whistlejacket">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresW.html#Whistlejacket|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - W|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Coriolanus<!--b. 1762-->
****Roscius<!--b. 1767-->
**Brother to Whitenose<!--b. 1736--><ref name="auto"/>
***Whittington<!--b. 1743-->
**Marlborough<!--b. 1737--><ref name="Early M"/>
**Babraham<!--b. 1738--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Babraham.htm|title=Babraham|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresB.html#Babraham|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - B|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Aimwell<!--b. 1750-->
***Hob-Or-Nob<!--b. 1751-->
***Juniper<!--b. 1752-->
***Alcides<!--b. 1753--><ref name="Alcides">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresA.html#Alcides|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - A|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Gander<!--b. 1764-->
****Remnant<!--b. 1767-->
****Constantine<!--b. 1768-->
***Atlas<!--b. 1752--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresA.html#Atlas|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - A|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Genius<!--b. 1753-->
***Bosphorus<!--b. 1754-->
***Babraham Blank<!--b. 1758-->
****Don Carlos<!--b. 1769-->
****Bay Richmond<!--b. 1771-->
****Hazard<!--b. 1771-->
****Carbuncle<!--b. 1772-->
***Shadow<!--b. 1759-->
***Cardinal Puff<!--b. 1760--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios2/CardinalPuff.htm|title=Cardinal Puff|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
****Cardinal Puff<!--b. 1782-->
***Young Babraham<!--b. 1760-->
****Mask<!--b. 1765-->
**Dormouse<!--b. 1738--><ref name="Dormouse">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresD.html#Dormouse|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - D|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Dormouse.htm|title=Dormouse|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Damon<!--b. 1755-->
***Dormouse<!--b. 1755-->
***Valiant<!--b. 1755-->
***Dorimond<!--b. 1756-->
**Janus<!--b. 1738--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyIJK.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook I J K|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref><ref name="Janus">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresJ.html#Janus|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - J|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***[[Janus (horse)|Little Janus]]<!--b. 1746--><ref name="Little Janus">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresJ.html#LittleJanus|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - J|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref name="Bloodlines Chart">[https://www.aqha.com/-/the-bloodlines-chart The Bloodlines Chart]</ref>
****Peacock<!--b. 1760-->
****Spadille<!--b. 1762-->
****Babram<!--b. 1766-->
****Buie<!--b. 1770-->
****Meades Celer<!--b. 1776-->
****Turpins Fleetwood<!--b. 1776-->
*****Printer<!--b. 1795--><ref name="Bloodlines Chart"/>
****Twigg<!--b. 1778-->
***Coomb<!--b. 1749-->
**[[Regulus (horse)|Regulus]]<!--b. 1739--><ref name="Regulus">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresR.html#Regulus|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - R|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Regulus.htm|title=Regulus|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Brutus<!--b. 1748--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ilovehorses.net/history-2/who-was-the-godolphin-arabian/|title=Who Was the Godolphin Arabian? - ilovehorses.net|first=Kristin|last=Berkery|date=15 August 2011|access-date=30 May 2023|archive-date=30 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530131433/https://ilovehorses.net/history-2/who-was-the-godolphin-arabian/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
***Cato<!--b. 1748-->
***Royal<!--b. 1749-->
***Adolphus<!--b. 1750-->
***Silvereye<!--b. 1750-->
***South<!--b. 1750--><ref name="South">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresS.html#South|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - S|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Confederate<!--b. 1758-->
****Friar<!--b. 1759-->
****South West<!--b. 1760-->
****South East<!--b. 1761-->
****Magog<!--b. 1762-->
****Cormorant<!--b. 1763-->
****Amazon<!--b. 1764-->
****Laycock<!--b. 1764-->
****Flimnap<!--b. 1765-->
***Careless<!--b. 1751--><ref name="Careless">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresC.html#WarrensCareless|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - C|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/CarelessWarrens.htm|title=Careless Warren's Kingston's|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
****Regulator<!--b. 1767-->
****Mousetrap<!--b. 1771-->
****Alderman<!--b. 1773-->
***Jolly Roger<!--b. 1752--><ref name="Jolly Roger"/>
***Fearnought<!--b. 1755--><ref name="Fearnought">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Fearnought.html|title=Fearnought|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Regulus<!--b. 1765-->
****King Herod<!--b. 1766-->
****Fearnought<!--b. 1768-->
****Eclipse<!--b. 1771-->
****Goldfinder<!--b. 1772-->
*****Flag of Truce<!--b. 1786--><!--Leviathan (American horse) won 23 consecutive races, a United States record. Best reference for lineage is pedigree query, but good source of the feat is the UK publication Independent. Included both references in support for Flag of Truce lineage back to Godolphin Arabian.--><ref>[https://www.pedigreequery.com/leviathan20 Leviathan Pedigree]</ref><ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/racing/world-s-toprated-horse-harbinger-is-sent-to-stud-2047989.html World's top-rated horse Harbinger is sent to stud]</ref>
****Independence<!--b. 1773-->
****Matchless<!--b. 1775-->
****Wildair<!--b. 1776-->
*****Highflier<!--b. 17??-->
*****Commutation<!--b. 1784-->
*****Chanticleer<!--b. 1790-->
****Whynot<!--b. 1777-->
***Dragon<!--b. 1757-->
***Vampire<!--b. 1757-->
***Jalap<!--b. 1758-->
****Achilles<!--b. 1767-->
***Ascham<!--b. 1759-->
***Star<!--b. 1759-->
***Prophet<!--b. 1760--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#Prophet|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - P|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Soothsayer<!--b. 1770-->
****Goldsmith<!--b. 1772-->
****Trifle<!--b. 1773-->
***Doge<!--b. 1762-->
****Venetian<!--b. 1772--><ref name="XVII"/>
****Young Sir Peter<!--b. 1775-->
***Morwick Ball<!--b. 1762--><ref name="Morwick Ball">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresM.html#MorwickBall|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - M|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Icelander<!--b. 1773-->
****Young Morwick<!--b. 1775-->
*****Gustavus<!--b. 1785-->
*****Curanto<!--b. 1791-->
****Parlington<!--b. 1780-->
****Doctor Nim<!--b. 1784-->
****No-no<!--b. 1784-->
****Pellegrine<!--b. 1784-->
***Turk<!--b. 1763-->
**Bajazet<!--b. 1740--><ref name="Bajazet">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresB.html#Bajazet|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - B|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Bajazet.htm|title=Bajazet|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Bajazet<!--b. 1754-->
***Selim<!--b. 1760-->
**[[Blank (horse)|Blank]]<!--b. 1740--><ref name="Blank">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresB.html#Blank|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - B|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Blank.htm|title=Blank|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Contest<!--b. 1753-->
***Tatler<!--b. 1754-->
***Foxhunter<!--b. 1755-->
***Manby<!--b. 1756-->
***Antinous<!--b. 1758--><ref name="Antinous">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresA.html#Antinous|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - A|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Lamplighter<!--b. 1769-->
****Givens<!--b. 1775-->
***Centinel<!--b. 1758-->
***Fallower<!--b. 1759-->
***Granby<!--b. 1759-->
***Chatsworth<!--b. 1762-->
***Chrysolite<!--b. 1763-->
***Pacolet<!--b. 1763--><ref name="Pacolet">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#Pacolet|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - P|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Citizen<!--b. 1785--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Citizen.htm|title=Biography: Citizen}}</ref>
*****Pacolet<!--b. 1808-->
***Hyder Alley<!--b. 1765-->
***Paymaster<!--b. 1766--><ref name="Paymaster">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#Paymaster|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - P|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Paragon<!--b. 1783-->
****Highlander (Brown)<!--b. 1791--><ref name="XVII"/>
****Young Paymaster<!--b. 1779-->
*****King William<!--b. 1791--><ref name="XVII"/>
****Paymaster<!--b. 1783--><ref name="XVII"/>
*****Rodney<!--b. 1790--><ref name="XVII"/>
***Lycurgus<!--b. 1767-->
***Ancaster<!--b. 1768-->
**Gower Stallion<!--b. 1740--><ref name="Gower">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresG.html#GowerStallion|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - G|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyG.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook G|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Sweepstakes<!--b. 1749--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresS.html#GowerSweepstakes|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - S|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyS.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook S|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
****Trentham<!--b. 1766--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#Trentham|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - T|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Driver<!--b. 1783--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresD.html#EgDriver|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - D|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Grey Trentham<!--b. 1788-->
***David<!--b. 1756-->
***Mealey Eyes<!--b. 1759-->
***Jolly Roger<!--b. 1765--><ref name="Jolly Roger"/>
**Marksman<!--b. 1741--><ref name="Early M"/>
**Old England<!--b. 1741--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyNO.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook N O|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresO.html|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - O|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Brutus<!--b. 1752-->
***Northumberland<!--b. 1761-->
***Amaranthus<!--b. 1766-->
**Skewball<!--b. 1741--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Skewball/Skewball1.html|title=Skewball was a Racehorse|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
**Buffcoat<!--b. 1742--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyB.htm|title=Studbook Early B}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresB.html#Buffcoat|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - B|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Whitefoot<!--b. 1749-->
***Buffcoat<!--b. 1752-->
***Creampot<!--b. 1755-->
***Turf<!--b. 1755-->
**Whitenose<!--b. 1742--><ref name="Whitenose">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresW.html#Whitenose|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - W|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Whitenose.htm|title=Whitenose|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Aaron<!--b. 1747-->
***Victorious<!--b. 1747-->
***Wasp<!--b. 1753-->
***Pegasus<!--b. 1754-->
***Rake<!--b. 1754-->
**Dimple<!--b. 1745--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/>
**Tarquin<!--b. 1745--><ref name="Tarquin">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#Tarquin|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - T|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Tarquin<!--b. 1763-->
**Infant<!--b. 1746--><ref name=I>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresI.html|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - I|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
**Coalition Colt<!--b. 1749--><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyC.htm|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines Early Studbook C|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
***Champion<!--b. 1759-->
***Irish Hero<!--b. 1764-->
**Mizra<!--b. 1749--><ref name=I/>
**Cripple<!--b. 1750--><ref name="Cripple">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#Cripple|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - T|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***[[Gimcrack]]<!--b. 1760--><ref name="Gimcrack">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Gimcrack.htm|title=Gimcrack|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Gimcrack.htm|title=Gimcrack|website=www.bloodlines.net}}</ref>
****Grey Robin<!--b. 1773-->
****[[Medley (horse)|Medley]]<!--b. 1776--><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Medley.html|title=Medley|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
*****Randolph's Gimcrack<!--b. 1785-->
*****Young Medley<!--b. 1785-->
*****Bellair II<!--b. 1786-->
*****Grey Diomed<!--b. 1786-->
*****Lamplighter<!--b. 1788-->
*****Quicksilver<!--b. 1789-->
*****Boxer<!--b. 1790-->
*****Grey Medley<!--b. 1790-->
*****Melzar<!--b. 1791-->
*****Alfred<!--b. 1792-->
***Tantrum<!--b. 1760--><ref name="Tantrum">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#Tantrum|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - T|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Sampson<!--b. 1777-->
**Cygnet<!--b. 1751--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/>
**Feather<!--b. 1751--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/>
**Godolphin Colt<!--b. 1754--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/>
**Lofty<!--b. 1753--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresL.html#Lofty|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - L|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
***Slim<!--b. 1762-->
***Chance<!--b. 1763-->
***Honest Harry<!--b. 1772-->
**Matchless<!--b. 1754--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/>
**Omar<!--b. 1754--><ref name="Godolphin Portraits"/>
**Sprightly<!--b. 1754-->
***Pyrrhus<!--b. 1767--><ref name="Pyrrhus">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#Pyrrhus|title=Thoroughbred Foundation Sires - P|website=www.tbheritage.com}}</ref>
****Edgar<!--b. 1776-->
****Sisyfus<!--b. 1780-->
{{tree list/end}}
{{div col end}}
{{cob}}

==See also==
{{Portal |Horses}}
*[[Foundation bloodstock]]
*[[List of racehorses]]
*[[Kentucky Derby winners descended from the Godolphin Arabian]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em
|refs =
*20^ {{cite book|last=Church|first=Michael|title=Champion Sires 1722-2003|publisher=Raceform Ltd|year=2004|isbn=1-904317-82-0|pages=319}}

<ref name="BHA">
{{cite web
 |url=http://www.britishhorseracing.com/goracing/racing/racehorses/history.asp 
 |title=History of Thoroughbreds 
 |publisher=[[British Horseracing Authority]] 
 |access-date=18 April 2013 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201154621/http://www.britishhorseracing.com/goracing/racing/racehorses/history.asp 
 |archive-date=1 February 2014 
}}</ref>

<ref name="Pedigree">
{{cite web |url=http://www.allbreedpedigree.com/eclipse |title=Eclipse Pedigree |publisher=Pedigree Online All Breed Database |access-date=19 April 2013}}</ref>

<ref name="SireLine">
{{cite web |url=http://www.galopp-sieger.de/galoppsieger/stammtafel_html?startPferd=Godolphin%20ArabianThe%20Godolp&fart=&ftype=&tiefe=815&suchePferd=Godolp&efil= |title=Godolphin Arabian Sireline |publisher=galopp-sieger.de |access-date=19 April 2013}}</ref>

}}

===Citations===
*{{cite book |last=Whyte |first=James Christie |title=History of the British turf, from the earliest period to the present day, Volume I |year=1840 |publisher=H. Colburn |location=[[London]] |ol=6544990M }}
*{{cite book|last=Church|first=Michael|title=Champion Sires 1722-2003|publisher=Raceform Ltd|year=2004|isbn=1-904317-82-0|pages=319}}
*{{Cite book |last=Reynaldo |first=Jean-Pierre |title=Le trotteur français : Histoire des courses au trot en France des origines à nos jours |publisher=Éditions Lavauzelle |year=2015 |isbn=978-2-7025-1638-6 |language=fr}}

==External links==
*[http://www.applebite.com/Wandlebury/ Lemay, A. & Rogers, J. (2000). The Burial Place of the Godolphin Arabian.]  Retrieved 2012-12-15

[[Category:Arabian racehorses|Arabian, Godolphin]]
[[Category:1724 racehorse births]]
[[Category:1753 racehorse deaths]]
[[Category:Individual Arabian and part-Arabian horses]]
[[Category:Godolphin Arabian sire line| ]]
[[Category:Animals as diplomatic gifts]]
[[Category:Foundation horse sires]]