Editing Giddings, Texas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Giddings, Texas
| settlement_type          = [[City]]
| website                  = {{URL|www.giddings.net}}
| image_skyline            = Giddings, TX, Municipal Building IMG_9209.JPG
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = The Giddings Municipal Building is located across from the renovated [[Lee County, Texas|Lee County]]  Courthouse.
| image_flag               = 
| image_seal               = 
| image_map                = Lee County Giddings.svg
| mapsize                  = 250px
| map_caption              = Location in [[Lee County, Texas|Lee County]] in the state of [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type         = [[Country]]
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_name1        = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Lee County, Texas|Lee]]
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = Mayor
| leader_name              = 
| established_date         = 
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi         = 5.31
| area_land_sq_mi          = 5.28
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.03
| area_water_percent       = 
| area_total_km2           = 13.75
| area_land_km2            = 13.67
| area_water_km2           = 0.08
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_total         = 4969
| population_density_km2   = 373.10
| population_density_sq_mi = 966.27
| timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset               = -6
| timezone_DST             = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset_DST           = -5
| elevation_ft             = 502
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| coordinates              = {{coord|30|11|00|N|96|55|41|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 78942
| area_code                = [[Area code 979|979]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 48-29432<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 2410587<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410587}}</ref>
| footnotes                = 
}}
'''Giddings''' is the county seat of [[Lee County, Texas]], United States situated on the intersection of U.S. Highway [[U.S. Route 77 in Texas|77]] and U.S. Route [[U.S. Route 290|290]]. Its population was 5,129 at the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]].<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4829432&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P1| title=Total Population: 2010 Census DEC Summary File 1 (P1), Giddings city, Texas| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| website=data.census.gov| access-date=June 2, 2024}}</ref>

==History==

The land where the city of Giddings now stands was part of the land granted to [[Stephen F. Austin]] in 1821 for a colony in [[Spanish Texas]], and later became part of the [[Robertson Colony]].<ref name="Handbook">"[https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hgg02 Giddings, TX]." ''[[Handbook of Texas]]''. Retrieved on August 21, 2010.</ref>

[[File:Lee county texas courthouse 2014.jpg|thumb|left|The Lee County Courthouse in Giddings (built 1899)]]
[[File:PumpJack.jpg|alt=|thumb|Giddings Area Pumpjack]]
The city itself was founded in 1871 when the [[Houston and Texas Central Railway]] came to the area. It probably took its name from local magnate Jabez Deming Giddings, who was instrumental in bringing the railway to the area. He had come to the area from [[Pennsylvania]] in 1838 to claim the land bounty of his brother Giles A. Giddings, killed at the [[Battle of San Jacinto]]. Another theory is that the city was named after Jabez's brother [[Dewitt Clinton Giddings]].

Early settlers in the new town were mostly pioneers from the surrounding communities, such as Old Evergreen and Shady Grove. The majority of these people were ethnically British Isles natives, but a sizable minority were [[Wends|Wendish]] families from the [[Serbin, Texas|Serbin]] area. They would later establish the German-language newspaper ''[[Giddings Deutsches Volksblatt|Deutsches Volksblatt]]''.

A syndicate headed by [[William Marsh Rice]] owned the whole townsite and sold property to settlers. Later, Rice Institute (now [[Rice University]]) in [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] had control and sold the lots.

Wide streets were a distinguishing characteristic of the town; the two main thoroughfares (Main and Austin Streets) were 100 feet (30 m) wide, and other streets were 80 feet (24 m) wide. The town's first church, established in 1871, was Methodist. J. D. Giddings Masonic Lodge, chartered in Evergreen in 1865, moved to Giddings, and early churches and a public school met in its building. Soon after the Civil War, freed slaves from farms and plantations settled in Giddings. Classes for more than 50 black students were held in a church in 1883, and the first black public school was built in 1887.

Giddings became the county seat when Lee County was established in 1874. Early businesses included the Granger store, a blacksmith shop and saloon, a millinery shop, a saddle and harness shop, and an oil mill. Brick buildings came in 1875. The courthouse built in 1878 burned and was replaced in 1899. Fletcher House, built in 1879 by August W. Schubert, was sold to the Missouri Synod of the Immanuel Lutheran Church in 1894 to house Concordia Lutheran College. By 1890, the town was part of a rich cotton-growing area with access to the [[San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway]], several gins, an opera house, newspapers, and a population estimated at 1,000. The [[First National Bank (Giddings, Texas)|First National Bank]] was opened in 1890 and was still in operation more than a century later. The town was incorporated in 1913 and had a population of 2,000 by 1914.

In the early 1980s, the oil-laden Austin chalk that underlies the town was tapped, and the area experienced an oil boom. Some 300 oil-related businesses located in the town, and many oil rigs were operating in outlying areas. In the late 1980s, however, the oil activities decreased almost to a standstill. The population of Giddings in 1988 was 5,178. In 1990, local businesses included a hospital, a medical clinic, a dialysis clinic, a chiropractic clinic, two nursing homes, a library, motels, restaurants, two newspapers, a peanut mill, Invader Boat Manufacturing Company, and Nutrena-Cargill Mills. Nineteen churches were in the city.

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|5.2|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|0.04|sqmi|km2}} (0.58%) is covered by water.

===Climate===

The climate in this area is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year.  The [[Köppen climate classification]] describes the weather as [[Humid subtropical climate|humid subtropical]], ''Cfa''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=525314&cityname=Giddings,+Texas,+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Giddings, Texas Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 624
|1890= 1203
|1920= 1650
|1930= 1835
|1940= 2166
|1950= 2532
|1960= 2821
|1970= 2783
|1980= 3950
|1990= 4093
|2000= 5105
|2010= 4881
|2020=4969
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census by Decade|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br> 1850–1900<ref name=1900CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1900 Census of Population - Population of Texas By Counties And Minor Civil Divisions |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1900/bulletins/demographic/49-population-tx.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1910<ref name=1910CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1910 Census of Population - Supplement for Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1910/abstract/supplement-tx-p1.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1920<ref name=1920CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1920 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1920/bulletins/demographics/population-tx-number-of-inhabitants.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1930<ref name=1930CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1930 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1930/population-volume-1/03815512v1ch10.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1940<ref name=1940CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1940 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1940/population-volume-1/33973538v1ch09.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br>
1950<ref name=1950CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1950 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-46.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1960<ref name=1960CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1960 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/33255142v1p45ch02.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1970<ref name=1970CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1970 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00496492v1p45s1ch02.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1980<ref name=1980CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1980/volume-1/texas/1980a_txab-01.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1990<ref name=1990CensusTX>{{Cite web|title=1990 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-45.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 2000<ref name=2000CensusTX>{{Cite web|title=2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2003/dec/phc-3-45.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 2010<ref name=2010CensusTX>{{Cite web|title=2010 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-45.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
}}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Giddings racial composition as of 2020'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4829432&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br /> (NH = Non-Hispanic){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/en.html|title=Census.gov|website=Census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|1,876
|37.75%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|623
|12.54%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|10
|0.2%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|32
|0.64%
|-
|Some other race (NH)
|7
|0.14%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/multiracial]] (NH)
|153
|3.08%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|2,268
|45.64%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,969'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], 4,969 people, 1,685 households, and 1,364 families were residing in the city.

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000,  5,105 people, 1,639 households, and 1,125 families resided in the city. The population density was {{convert|991.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 1,852 housing units averaged 359.9 per square mile (138.8/km{{sup|2}}). The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 65.99% White, 13.26% African American, 0.51% Native American, 0.57% Asian, 16.47% from other races, and 3.19% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 34.73% of the population.

Of the 1,639 households, 38.1% had children under 18 living with them, 52.8% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were not families. About 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.74, and the average family size was 3.39.

In the city, the age distribution was 31.3% under  18, 13.5% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 15.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% who were 65 or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.4 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 98.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,046, and for a family was $37,115. Males had a median income of $27,370 versus $21,706 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,768. About 13.8% of families and 15.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 20.5% of those under 18 and 12.0% of those 65 or over.

==Economy==
[[File:Giddings tx.jpg|thumb|Aerial photo of Giddings, Texas]]

Compared to other places, Giddings has an unusually high number of mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (6.46 times higher than expected), other services except public administration (2.55 times), and transportation and warehousing (2.24 times) industries. From 2016 to 2017, employment in Giddings grew at a rate of 4.79%, from 2300 to 2410 employees. <!-- uncited, insignificant, too much trouble to correct  The most common employment sectors for those who live in Giddings are Other Services, Except Public Administration (301 people), Manufacturing (285 people), and Accommodation & Food Services (274 people). -->

Major employers include:

[https://altmanplants.com/about-us/locations/giddings-tx/ Altman Plants.]  Headquartered in California, the company has a total greenhouse area of 38 acres and 20 docks at the Giddings facility that equip the company to effectively and efficiently turn quality material around from the greenhouse to regional retail garden centers.

[https://kaemark.com/ Kaemark] The nation's largest manufacturer of salon furnishings, the company's headquarters in Giddings features a =10,000 sq ft showroom facility where buyers can view hundreds of different types of salon equipment including Made In The USA styling stations, shampoo bowls, wet stations, reception desks and more.

Giddings State School. Giddings State School is a juvenile correctional facility of the Texas Juvenile Justice Department located in unincorporated Lee County, Texas, near Giddings.

The Giddings Seed Laboratory (previously Pieratt's Seed Lab<ref name="Handbook" />), a project of the [[Texas Department of Agriculture]], is located in Giddings.<ref>"[http://www.agr.state.tx.us/agr/main_render/0,1968,1848_6655_0_0,00.html?channelId=6655 Seed Laboratories]." [[Texas Department of Agriculture]]. Retrieved on August 21, 2010. "Giddings Seed Lab" "1010 CR 226 (shipping) Giddings 78942"</ref>

The [[United States Postal Service]] operates the Giddings Post Office in Giddings.<ref>"[http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/giddings-279-e-austin-st-giddings-tx-1364741 Post Office Location - GIDDINGS] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614044726/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/giddings-279-e-austin-st-giddings-tx-1364741 |date=2012-06-14 }}." [[United States Postal Service]]. Retrieved on August 21, 2010.</ref>

Giddings is a part of the Rural Capital Area Workforce Development Board and the area is served by [https://workforcesolutionsrca.com/locations/lee Workforce Solutions] in a community partnership that provides no cost recruitment, employment, and information services to businesses and job seekers in the nine-county Rural Capital Area

The business community is served by both the [https://giddingsedc.com/ Giddings Economic Development Corporation] and the [https://sbdc.mccoy.txstate.edu/ Small Business Development - Texas State], each of who assist existing businesses and aspiring entrepreneurs with free face-to-face business consulting and at-cost business

In 2014, the Giddings Economic Development (GEDC) purchased 165 acres of land on the east side of town with highway frontage for the development of the Giddings 290 Business Park.  The GEDC broke ground on construction in the spring 2015. The GEDC also expanded its office space to a new location along Hwy 290 to increase visibility and to provide more amenities to clients.

==Education==
[[File:Giddings Texas High School 2019.jpg|thumb|[[Giddings High School]]]]
The City of Giddings is served by the [[Giddings Independent School District]]. [[Giddings High School]] is a 9th-12th grade campus located in Giddings, Texas. The campus is a member of District 13-AAAA Div.2 with an enrollment of 657 students.

The [[Texas Department of Juvenile Justice]] (formerly the [[Texas Youth Commission]]) operates the [[Giddings State School]] in [[unincorporated area|unincorporated]] [[Lee County, Texas|Lee County]], near Giddings.<ref>"[http://www.tyc.state.tx.us/programs/giddings/index.html Giddings State School] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220003339/http://www.tyc.state.tx.us/programs/giddings/index.html|date=2011-02-20}}." [[Texas Youth Commission]]. Retrieved on August 21, 2010.</ref>

The [[Texas Legislature]] designates most of Lee County (Giddings included) as being in the [[Blinn Junior College]] district.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.130.htm|title=EDUCATION CODE CHAPTER 130. JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICTS|website=statutes.capitol.texas.gov}}</ref>

==Media==
Local newspapers serving Giddings and Lee County at large are presently the ''Giddings Times and News''<ref>{{cite web|title=Lee County History|url=http://www.giddingstx.com/6849622_68690.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711092414/http://www.giddingstx.com/6849622_68690.htm|archive-date=2011-07-11|access-date=2010-11-22}}</ref> and the ''Lexington Leader''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexingtonleader.com/|title=Lexington Leader|website=Lexington Leader -}}</ref>

A local radio station, [http://kgid.fm/ KGID, Inc. FM 96.3], has operated since 2018.

The [[Giddings Deutsches Volksblatt|Giddings ''Deutsches Volksblatt'']], a trilingual German-English-Wendish/Sorbian newspaper, was published in Giddings.<ref>"[https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/eeg09 Giddings ''Deutsches Volksblatt'']." ''[[Handbook of Texas]]''. Retrieved on August 21, 2010.</ref>

==Arts and culture==
[[File:Giddings, TX at Hwys 290 and 77 IMG_9214.JPG|thumb|right|Giddings at the intersection of [[U.S. Highway 290|U.S. Highways 290]] and [[U.S. Highway 77|77]]]]
[[File:Giddings fire dept.png|thumb|right|Fire department]]

In 2015, the city of Giddings, the Giddings Economic Development Corporation and members of the American Legion launched Phase I of the Veterans Memorial Wall Project. The Lee County Veterans Association was created to manage and conduct fundraising for the project which broke ground in spring 2020.

The [[Wends of Texas|Wendish]] heritage in Giddings is celebrated annually in nearby [[Serbin, Texas|Serbin]], Texas, put on by the Texas Wendish Heritage Society. It occurs on the fourth Sunday every September.

The [https://www.giddingstx.com/ Giddings Area Chamber of Commerce] operates the [https://texasbrazostrail.com/plan-your-adventure/historic-sites-and-cities/sites/lee-county-heritage-centerschubert-fletcher-home Lee County Heritage Center/Hubert-Fletcher Home].

The City Meat Market restaurant at the corner of Austin and Main Streets was rated one of the 50 best places for [[barbecue]] by'' [[Texas Monthly]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.texasmonthly.com/list/the-50-best-bbq-joints-in-the-world/city-meat-market/| title = City Meat Market – Texas Monthly}}</ref>

In 2017, Texas Monthly Magazine selected Snow's BBQ as Best BBQ in Texas, thereby elevating female pitmaster [[Tootsie Tomanetz]] to regional celebrity status one week before her 85th birthday.  The business was previously honored with this award in 2008.  Tomanetz is slated to appear in the Netflix documentary [[Chef's Table]].

The Historic Freight Station and Depot Complex is located in Downtown Giddings. Property owner Giddings Economic Development Corporation has leased one of the freight stations to  a distillery for use as a tasting room and bottling operation and another building for use as a brewhaus and German restaurant, currently under development.

== In popular culture ==
The 2021 season of the Netflix series ''Chef's Table'' takes a look at barbecue around the world and will feature Lee County pitmaster Tootsie Tomanetz.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}

==Notable people==
*[[Gwendolyn B. Bennett]] a major [[Harlem Renaissance]] figure<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ferguson|first1=Jeffrey|title=The Harlem Renaissance|url=https://archive.org/details/harlemrenaissanc0000ferg|url-access=registration|date=2008|publisher=Bedford/St. Martin's|location=Boston|page=[https://archive.org/details/harlemrenaissanc0000ferg/page/30 30], 73–76|isbn=9780312410759}}</ref> 
*[[Gus Mutscher]], former [[speaker of the Texas House of Representatives]]
*[[David J. Porter (politician)|David J. Porter]] (born 1956), [[Texas Railroad Commission|Texas railroad commission]]er
*[[Hilton Smith]], pitcher in Negro League baseball
*[[Larry Wade]],  world-class 110 hurdler and NCAA champion in 110 hurdles (Texas A&M University)

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{notelist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Giddings, Texas}}
{{Portal|Texas}}
* {{Official website|www.giddings.net}}
* [https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hgg02 Handbook of Texas Online about Giddings]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060714232522/http://www.tourism-tools.com/giddings.htm Tourist Guide to Giddings]

{{Lee County, Texas}}
{{Texas}}
{{Texas county seats}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Lee County, Texas]]
[[Category:County seats in Texas]]
[[Category:Sorbian-American culture in Texas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1871]]
[[Category:1871 establishments in Texas]]