Editing Geneva, Alabama

{{short description|City in Alabama, United States}}
{{Other uses|Geneva (disambiguation)}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name                   = Geneva
| settlement_type                 = [[City]]
| image_skyline                   = Alabama-Geneva County Courthouse.jpg
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = The Geneva County Courthouse in Geneva
| image_seal                      = Seal of Geneva, Alabama.png
| image_map                       = File:Geneva County Alabama Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Geneva Highlighted 0129464.svg
| mapsize                         = 250px
| map_caption                     = Location of Geneva in Geneva County, Alabama.
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of counties in Alabama|County]]
| subdivision_name                = United States
| subdivision_name1               = [[Alabama]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Geneva County, Alabama|Geneva]]
| government_type                 = 
| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                     = David Hayes
| established_date                = 
| area_magnitude                  = 
| area_total_km2                  = 41.62
| area_total_sq_mi                = 16.07
| area_land_km2                   = 41.13
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 15.88
| area_water_km2                  = 0.49
| area_water_sq_mi                = 0.19
| elevation_ft                    = 95
| elevation_m                     = 29
| population_as_of                = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes            = 
| population_total                = 4245
| population_metro                = 
| population_density_km2          = 103.20
| population_density_sq_mi        = 267.28
| timezone                        = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset                      = -6
| coordinates                     = {{coord|31|2|17|N|85|52|36|W|region:US-AL|display=inline}}
| timezone_DST                    = CDT
| utc_offset_DST                  = -5
| postal_code_type                = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code                     = 36340
| area_code                       = [[Area code 334|334]]
| blank_name                      = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info                      = 01-29464
| blank1_name                     = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info                     = 0118889
| footnotes                       = 
| website                         = https://www.genevaal.gov/
| motto                           = "Where the Rivers Meet"<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.cityofgeneva.com| title=The City of Geneva, Alabama| publisher=City of Geneva| access-date=October 26, 2016}}</ref>
| pop_est_as_of                   = 
| pop_est_footnotes               = 
| population_est                  = 
| unit_pref                       = Imperial
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_01.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
}}

'''Geneva''' is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Geneva County, Alabama]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> It was incorporated in 1875.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2929|title=Geneva}}</ref> It is part of the [[Dothan, Alabama metropolitan area]]. Since 1940, it has been the largest city of Geneva County, and had a population of 4,292 as of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US0129464| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Geneva city, Alabama| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=October 26, 2016}}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

== History ==
In late December 1862, the stern-wheel steamship ''[[USS Bloomer (1856)|Bloomer]]'' was in port on the [[Choctawhatchee River]] in Geneva. She was captured by a group of [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] troops from the [[91st New York Volunteers]] led by Lieutenant James H. Stewart. The ''Bloomer'' was then taken to [[Pensacola, Florida]].

On March 10, 2009, in the Alabama towns of [[Kinston, Alabama|Kinston]], [[Samson, Alabama|Samson]] and Geneva, Michael McLendon went on [[Geneva County shootings|a shooting rampage]], killing ten people and wounding six more before committing suicide.<ref>{{cite news| title=Alabama gunman kills 10 in rampage| work=Agence France-Presse| date=March 11, 2009| author=Donna Francavilla}}</ref>

==Geography==
Geneva is located south of the center of Geneva County at {{Coord|31|2|17|N|85|52|36|W|type:city}} (31.038181, -85.876677),<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> at the confluence of the [[Pea River]] with the Choctawhatchee River. [[Alabama State Route 52]] passes through the city north of downtown, leading northeast {{convert|11|mi}} to [[Hartford, Alabama|Hartford]] and northwest {{convert|12|mi}} to [[Samson, Alabama|Samson]]. [[Dothan, Alabama|Dothan]] is {{convert|34|mi}} to the northeast via Route 52. [[Alabama State Route 27]] passes through the center of Geneva, leading north {{convert|22|mi}} to [[Enterprise, Alabama|Enterprise]] and southwest {{convert|5|mi|0}} to the [[Florida]] border.

According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|41.6|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|41.1|km2|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.5|km2|order=flip|1}}, or 1.17%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010"/> The Choctawhatchee River forms the eastern border of the city, flowing south to [[Choctawhatchee Bay]] in Florida, which enters the [[Gulf of Mexico]] at [[Destin, Florida|Destin]].

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 126
|1890= 637
|1900= 1032
|1910= 969
|1920= 1581
|1930= 1593
|1940= 2803
|1950= 3579
|1960= 3840
|1970= 4398
|1980= 4866
|1990= 4681
|2000= 4388
|2010= 4452
|2020= 4245
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 6, 2013}}</ref><br>2013 Estimate<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522161634/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 22, 2014|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013|access-date=June 3, 2014 }}</ref>
}}

===2000 census===
At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]] there were 4,388 people, 1,801 households, and 1,197 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|295.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,097 housing units at an average density of {{convert|141.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2000 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 84.12% White, 14.18% Black or African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.05% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 0.87% from two or more races. 1.09% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
Of the 1,801 households 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.5% were non-families. 31.4% of households were one person and 15.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.94.

The age distribution was 24.0% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.6% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.3 males.

===2010 census===
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]] there were 4,452 people, 1,826 households, and 1,204 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|294.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,090 housing units at an average density of 141 per square mile (54/km{{sup|2}}). The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 83.2% White, 14.0% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.5% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. 1.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.<ref name="2010 census">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=July 24, 2015 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
Of the 1,826 households 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 15.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.1% were non-families. 31.5% of households were one person and 15.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.94.

The age distribution was 21.4% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 22.1% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 20.3 who were 65 or older. The median age was 43.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Geneva racial composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US0129464&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 17, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!Race
!Num.
!Perc.
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (non-Hispanic)
|3,248
|76.51%
|-
|[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic)
|600
|14.13%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
|32
|0.75%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]
|34
|0.8%
|-
|[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]]
|217
|5.11%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
|114
|2.69%
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 4,245 people, 1,800 households, and 1,007 families residing in the city.

== Landscape ==
[[File:Constitution Oak in Geneva, Alabama.jpg|thumb|right|Constitution Oak, a [[live oak]] at the river junction in Geneva. It is believed to be among the largest and oldest live oaks in the state.]]
Geneva is settled on the junction of the [[Choctawhatchee River]] and [[Pea River]]. The Choctawhatchee River runs all the way to the [[Choctawhatchee Bay]] at [[Freeport, Florida]], which flows into the [[Gulf of Mexico]]. Because of this, Geneva was a busy trading center for steam-powered riverboats in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

== Culture ==
Every year in April, Geneva holds a River Festival, which brings in hundreds of people from all over the country to the small town. The River Festival is held on the junction of the two rivers, at Robert Fowler Park, and has many competitive events, such as a {{convert|5|mi|0}} road race, greasy pole climb, canoe race, and tug-of-war.

==Media==

* ''[[Geneva County Reaper]]'' (1901-2024)

== Education ==
Geneva has the James A. Mulkey Elementary School, Geneva Middle School, and [[Geneva High School (Alabama)|Geneva High School]] located within its city limits.

==Notable people==
*[[Elizabeth B. Andrews]], former [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]], wife of congressman [[George William Andrews]], and the first woman to represent Alabama in the [[United States House of Representatives]]
*[[Siran Stacy]], former NFL [[running back]]

==Climate==
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.  According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Geneva has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=552310&cityname=Geneva%2C+Alabama%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Geneva, Alabama]</ref> The hottest temperature recorded in Geneva was {{convert|103|F|C|1}} on July 15, 1980, and July 22, 2015, while the coldest temperature recorded was {{convert|2|F|C|1}} on January 21, 1985.<ref name=NOWData />

{{Weather box
|location = Geneva, Alabama, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1976–present
|single line = Yes

|Jan record high F = 82
|Feb record high F = 84
|Mar record high F = 89
|Apr record high F = 94
|May record high F = 98
|Jun record high F = 102
|Jul record high F = 103
|Aug record high F = 101
|Sep record high F = 101
|Oct record high F = 98
|Nov record high F = 88
|Dec record high F = 84

|Jan avg record high F = 76.0
|Feb avg record high F = 78.2
|Mar avg record high F = 83.2
|Apr avg record high F = 87.1
|May avg record high F = 92.7
|Jun avg record high F = 95.4
|Jul avg record high F = 96.5
|Aug avg record high F = 95.9
|Sep avg record high F = 94.0
|Oct avg record high F = 88.8
|Nov avg record high F = 82.5
|Dec avg record high F = 77.6
|year avg record high F = 97.6

|Jan high F = 61.8
|Feb high F = 65.9
|Mar high F = 73.2
|Apr high F = 79.2
|May high F = 86.6
|Jun high F = 90.7
|Jul high F = 92.3
|Aug high F = 91.5
|Sep high F = 88.4
|Oct high F = 80.8
|Nov high F = 71.0
|Dec high F = 64.1
|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 48.3
|Feb mean F = 52.2
|Mar mean F = 58.6
|Apr mean F = 64.6
|May mean F = 72.6
|Jun mean F = 78.6
|Jul mean F = 80.7
|Aug mean F = 80.1
|Sep mean F = 76.2
|Oct mean F = 66.5
|Nov mean F = 56.3
|Dec mean F = 50.6
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 34.8
|Feb low F = 38.5
|Mar low F = 44.0
|Apr low F = 50.0
|May low F = 58.6
|Jun low F = 66.5
|Jul low F = 69.0
|Aug low F = 68.7
|Sep low F = 64.0
|Oct low F = 52.2
|Nov low F = 41.7
|Dec low F = 37.1
|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 20.4
|Feb avg record low F = 23.2
|Mar avg record low F = 28.2
|Apr avg record low F = 36.1
|May avg record low F = 46.0
|Jun avg record low F = 59.5
|Jul avg record low F = 65.3
|Aug avg record low F = 62.9
|Sep avg record low F = 52.8
|Oct avg record low F = 37.0
|Nov avg record low F = 26.8
|Dec avg record low F = 23.4
|year avg record low F = 18.4

|Jan record low F = 2
|Feb record low F = 11
|Mar record low F = 18
|Apr record low F = 30
|May record low F = 40
|Jun record low F = 44
|Jul record low F = 58
|Aug record low F = 56
|Sep record low F = 43
|Oct record low F = 28
|Nov record low F = 18
|Dec record low F = 7

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 5.37
|Feb precipitation inch = 5.76
|Mar precipitation inch = 5.63
|Apr precipitation inch = 5.05
|May precipitation inch = 3.33
|Jun precipitation inch = 6.26
|Jul precipitation inch = 6.34
|Aug precipitation inch = 5.43
|Sep precipitation inch = 5.14
|Oct precipitation inch = 3.57
|Nov precipitation inch = 4.78
|Dec precipitation inch = 5.60
|year precipitation inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 9.2
|Feb precipitation days = 9.0
|Mar precipitation days = 8.2
|Apr precipitation days = 7.6
|May precipitation days = 7.5
|Jun precipitation days = 11.6
|Jul precipitation days = 14.3
|Aug precipitation days = 12.7
|Sep precipitation days = 8.1
|Oct precipitation days = 6.0
|Nov precipitation days = 7.0
|Dec precipitation days = 9.2

|Jan snow inch = 0.0
|Feb snow inch = 0.1
|Mar snow inch = 0.0
|Apr snow inch = 0.0
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.0
|Nov snow inch = 0.0
|Dec snow inch = 0.0
|year snow inch =

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.0
|Feb snow days = 0.1
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.0

|Jan snow depth inch = 
|Feb snow depth inch = 
|Mar snow depth inch = 
|Apr snow depth inch = 
|May snow depth inch = 
|Jun snow depth inch = 
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|Sep snow depth inch = 
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|year snow depth inch =

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00013251&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Geneva #2, AL
|access-date = November 2, 2022
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=tae
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Tallahassee
|access-date = November 2, 2022
}}
</ref>
}}

==References==

<references />

==External links==
*[https://www.cityofgeneva.com/ City of Geneva official website]
*[http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/moa/browse.monographs/ofre.html Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion]

{{Coord|display=title|31.038181|-85.876677}}

{{Geneva County, Alabama}}
{{Alabama county seats}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Alabama]]
[[Category:Cities in Geneva County, Alabama]]
[[Category:County seats in Alabama]]
[[Category:Dothan metropolitan area, Alabama]]