Editing Gatineau

{{about|the Canadian city}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
 | name                     = Gatineau
 | official_name            = ''Ville de Gatineau''
 | settlement_type          = [[List of cities in Quebec|City]]
 | image_skyline            = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Gatineau - QC - Museum of Civilisation3.jpg
| photo1b = Terrasses de la Chaudière - 02 (cropped).jpg
| photo2a = Gatineau (view from the Peace Tower of Parliament Centre Block).JPG
| photo3a = 105, Hotel-de-Ville.jpg
| photo3b = Vue du pont Macdonald-Cartier - 11.jpg
| position = center
| size = 260
| color = #F5F5F5
| border = 2
| color_border = white
}}
 | image_caption            = Clockwise from top left: [[Canadian Museum of History]], downtown, [[Ottawa River]], [[Macdonald-Cartier Bridge]], and Rue de l'Hôtel-de-Ville.
 | image_flag               = Flag of Gatineau (2024).jpg
 | flag_size                = 
 | image_seal               = 
 | seal_size                = 
 | image_shield             = 
 | shield_size              = 
 | image_blank_emblem       = File:Gatineau Logo (2024).svg
 | blank_emblem_type        = Logo
 | blank_emblem_size        = 
 | nickname                 = G-town
 | motto                    = Fortunae meae, multorum faber<ref name=motto>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ville.gatineau.qc.ca/docs/histoire_cartes_statistiques/archives/docs/Gat33_armoi.htm |title=Ville de Gatineau (1933–1974) – Armoiries |access-date=19 June 2013 |archive-date=8 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808110743/http://www.ville.gatineau.qc.ca/docs/histoire_cartes_statistiques/archives/docs/Gat33_armoi.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> ("Maker of my fate and that of many others")
 | image_map                = Gatineau Quebec location diagram.png
 | map_caption              = Location of Gatineau (red) with adjacent municipalities
 | image_map1               = 
 | mapsize1                 = 
 | map_caption1             = 
 | pushpin_map              = Canada Quebec
 | pushpin_label_position   = top
 | pushpin_map_caption      = Location of Gatineau in Quebec
 | coordinates              = {{coord|45|29|N|75|39|W|region:CA-QC|display=it}}
 | coor_pinpoint            = 
 | coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="toponymie"/>
 | subdivision_type         = Country
 | subdivision_name         = [[Canada]]
 | subdivision_type1        = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
 | subdivision_type2        = [[List of regions of Quebec|Region]]
 | subdivision_type3        = [[Regional county municipality|RCM]]
 | subdivision_type4        = 
 | subdivision_name1        = [[Quebec]]
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Outaouais]]
 | subdivision_name3        = None
 | subdivision_name4        = 
 | established_title        = 
 | established_date         = 1806
 | established_title1       = Constituted
 | established_date1        = 1 January 2002
 | established_title2       = 
 | established_date2        = 
 | established_title3       = 
 | established_date3        = 
 | government_footnotes     = <ref name="mamrot"/>
 | government_type          = [[Gatineau City Council]]
 | leader_title             = [[Mayor of Gatineau|Mayor]]
 | leader_name              = [[Maude Marquis-Bissonnette]]
 | area_footnotes           = <ref name="mamrot"/><ref name="cp2011"/>
 | area_magnitude           = 
 | area_total_km2           = 381.30
 | area_land_km2            = 341.84
 | area_water_km2           = 
 | area_water_percent       = 
 | area_urban_km2           = 549.49
 | area_metro_km2           = 8046.99
 | elevation_footnotes      = 
 | elevation_m              = 
 | population_total         = 291,041 ([[List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population|18th]])
 | population_as_of         = 2021
 | population_footnotes     = <ref name="cp2016">{{SCref |unit=csd |code=2466023|year=2016}}</ref>
 | population_density_km2   = 851.4
 | population_urban         = 1068821 ([[List of the largest population centres in Canada|6th]])
 | population_density_urban_km2  = 1945.1
 | population_metro         = 1,488,307  ([[List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada|4th]])
 | population_metro_footnotes  = 
 | population_density_metro_km2  = 185.0
 | population_blank1_title  = Pop&nbsp;<small>2011–2016</small>
 | population_blank1        = {{increase}} 5.4%
 | population_density_blank1_km2  = 
 | population_blank2_title  = Dwellings
 | population_blank2        = 125608
 | population_note          = 
 | postal_code_type         = [[Canadian postal code|Postal code(s)]]
 | postal_code              = [[List of postal codes of Canada: J|J8L, J8M, J8P, J8R, J8T, J8V, J8X to J8Z, J9A, J9H to J9J]], various K1A (Government Offices)
 | area_codes               = [[Area codes 819, 873, and 468|819, 873, 468]]
 | website                  = {{Official URL}}
 | footnotes                = 
 | image_dot_map            = 
 | dot_mapsize              = 
 | dot_map_caption          = 
 | dot_x                    = 
 | dot_y                    = 
 | pushpin_label            = 
 | leader_title2            = [[List of Canadian federal electoral districts|Federal riding]]
 | leader_name2             = [[Gatineau (federal electoral district)|Gatineau]] / [[Hull—Aylmer]] / [[Pontiac—Kitigan Zibi]] / [[Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation]]
 | leader_title3            = [[List of Quebec provincial electoral districts|Prov. riding]]
 | leader_name3             = [[Chapleau (provincial electoral district)|Chapleau]] / [[Gatineau (provincial electoral district)|Gatineau]] / [[Hull (provincial electoral district)|Hull]] / [[Papineau (provincial electoral district)|Papineau]] / [[Pontiac (provincial electoral district)|Pontiac]]
 | leader_title4            = 
 | leader_name4             = 
 | leader_title5            = 
 | leader_name5             = 
 | area_metro_footnotes     = <ref name="cp2011-CA">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=50524&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Ottawa%20-%20Gatineau%20&#91;Quebec%20part&#93;&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=505&TABID=1 Ottawa – Gatineau (Quebec part) (Census metropolitan area), 2011 Census profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806215603/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=50524&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Ottawa%20-%20Gatineau%20%5BQuebec%20part%5D&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=505&TABID=1 |date=6 August 2020 }}. The census metropolitan area (Quebec part) consists of Gatineau, [[Bowman, Quebec|Bowman]], [[Cantley, Quebec|Cantley]], [[Chelsea, Quebec|Chelsea]], [[Denholm, Quebec|Denholm]], [[L'Ange-Gardien, Outaouais, Quebec|L'Ange-Gardien]], [[La Pêche, Quebec|La Pêche]], [[Mayo, Quebec|Mayo]], [[Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette, Quebec|Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette]], [[Pontiac, Quebec|Pontiac]], [[Val-des-Bois, Quebec|Val-des-Bois]], [[Val-des-Monts, Quebec|Val-des-Monts]]. In the 2006 census, the census metropolitan area had not included Bowman, Mayo, Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette, Val-des-Bois.</ref>
 | timezone                 = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
 | utc_offset               = −5
 | timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]]
 | utc_offset_DST           = −4
 | blank1_name_sec1         = GDP Per Capita
 | blank1_info_sec1         = CAD$ 38 079 (2018)
}}

'''Gatineau''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|æ|t|ᵻ|n|oʊ}} {{respell|GAT|in|oh}}; {{IPA|fr|ɡatino|lang|LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Gatineau.wav}}) is a city in southwestern [[Quebec]], Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the [[Ottawa River]], directly across from [[Ottawa]], [[Ontario]]. Gatineau is the largest city in the [[Outaouais]] administrative region of Quebec and is also part of Canada's [[National Capital Region (Canada)|National Capital Region]]. As of 2021, Gatineau is the [[List of towns in Quebec|fourth-largest city]] in Quebec with a population of 291,041,<ref name="cp2016"/><ref name="2021 Census">{{cite web |title=2021 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00053506008,2021A00052481017&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |website=Statistics Canada |date=9 February 2022 |publisher=Government of Canada |access-date=25 August 2022 |archive-date=25 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825105106/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00053506008,2021A00052481017&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref> and it is part of the Ottawa-Gatineau [[census metropolitan area]] with a population of 1,488,307 making it the fourth largest in Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMACA&Code1=24505&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=ottawa&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census – Ottawa – Gatineau (Quebec part) [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Quebec [Province]|last=Canada|first=Government of Canada, Statistics|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca|date=8 February 2017|language=en|access-date=2 June 2017|archive-date=7 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807011333/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMACA&Code1=24505&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=ottawa&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMACA&Code1=505&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=ottawa&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census – Ottawa – Gatineau [Census metropolitan area], Ontario/Quebec and Ontario [Province]|last=Canada|first=Government of Canada, Statistics|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca|date=8 February 2017|language=en|access-date=22 June 2017|archive-date=24 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924035827/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMACA&Code1=505&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=ottawa&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2021 CMA Census">{{cite web |title=2021 CMA Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00053506008,2021S0503505&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |website=Statistics Canada |date=9 February 2022 |publisher=Government of Canada |access-date=25 August 2022 |archive-date=25 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825105107/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00053506008,2021S0503505&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Gatineau is coextensive with a [[territory equivalent to a regional county municipality]] (TE) and [[Census geographic units of Canada|census division]] (CD) of the same name, whose geographical code is 81. It is the seat of the [[Judicial districts of Quebec|judicial district]] of [[Hull, Quebec|Hull]].<ref>[http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&file=/D_11/D11_A.HTM ''Territorial Division Act''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926125200/http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&file=%2FD_11%2FD11_A.HTM |date=26 September 2018 }}. ''Revised Statutes of Quebec'' D-11.</ref>

It is also the most bilingual (French-English) city in Canada.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=21 June 2023 |title=English–French bilingualism in Canada: Recent trends after five decades of official bilingualism |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/as-sa/98-200-X/2021013/98-200-X2021013-eng.cfm |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>

==Toponomy==
In 1613, during his first passage on the [[Ottawa River]], the great explorer [[Samuel de Champlain]] was the first European to speak of "the river that comes from the north", traveled for millennia by Aboriginals, but he did not name it. In 1721, Canadian surveyor [[Noël Beaupré]] recorded the river, but did not give it a name. In short, the name Gatineau was not used in [[New France]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=L'origine incertaine du toponyme Gatineau - French |url=https://infodelavallee.ca/culture/2021/04/16/lorigine-incertaine-du-toponyme-gatineau/ |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=L'info de la vallee}}</ref>

In fact, it was not until 1783 that the river was mentioned as Lettinoe in a report by Lieutenant David Jones to the Governor of Quebec, [[Frederick Haldimand|Sir Frederic Haldimand]]. In 1817, a map by [[Theodore Davis (Canadian politician)|Theodore Davis]] shows Gatteno, a name taken up with Gatino, Gateno and Gattino on plans by [[Philemon Wright]], the founder of [[Hull, Quebec|Hull Township]], and by Lieutenant-Colonel [[John By]], the engineer responsible for building the [[Rideau Canal]].

It was not until 1821 that the name Gatineau first appeared on a map of Nepean Township, Ontario. The same name appears again on [[William Henderson (architect)|William Henderson]]'s map of 1831, and on another drawn 30 years later by surveyor Thomas Devine. Thereafter, the river was always referred to as the [[Gatineau River|Gatineau]].<ref name=":0" />

There are two hypotheses to explain the origin of the city's name. It would be either of Indigenous origin or of French origin:
# The name of the river and the city would come from the Anishinaabemowin (language of the Algonquin Anishinaabeg) Tenagatino Zibi, according to the elders of Kitigan Zibi.<ref>Rick Henderson, https://www.capitalchronicles.ca/post/gatineau-paddling-through-the-history-of-a-river-s-name {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327191420/https://www.capitalchronicles.ca/post/gatineau-paddling-through-the-history-of-a-river-s-name |date=27 March 2023 }} www.capitalchronicles.ca, 13 novembre 2021</ref>
# In his 1889 article published in the Echo de la Gatineau,<ref>Benjamin Sulte, « Gatineau », L'Écho de la Gatineau, 6 juillet 1889, http://data2.collectionscanada.ca/001094/pdf/18890706-echo-de-la-gatineau-pointegatineau.pdf, pg. 1 and 2</ref> Benjamin Sulte wrote: "One hundred years ago, the Gatineau family was extinct, or thereabouts; it is hardly likely that we waited for its disappearance to consecrate the memory of the three or four fur traders it produced. The custom must have been established during the lifetime of these men, and because they traded in these places. Of the latter fact, for instance, I am not certain." In his own words, Sulte writes that he is creating a myth and that the story that the Gatineau family gave the river its name is a myth, invented by Sulte himself. According to Sulte, the name Gatineau comes from the Gastineau family - not Gatineau - one of its members, Nicolas Gastineau sieur Duplessis (1627-1689).<ref>Rick Henderson, https://www.capitalchronicles.ca/post/gatineau-paddling-through-the-history-of-a-river-s-name {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327191420/https://www.capitalchronicles.ca/post/gatineau-paddling-through-the-history-of-a-river-s-name |date=27 March 2023 }}, 31 novembre 2021</ref><ref>Commission de toponymie du Québec — ville de Gatineau [archive], https://toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/ToposWeb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=24715 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828222639/https://toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/ToposWeb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=24715 |date=28 August 2023 }}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Hull, (Lower Canada), on the Ottawa River; at the Chaudier (sic) Falls, 1830.jpg|thumb|left|''Hull (Lower Canada) on the Ottawa River; at the Chaudier [sic] Falls, 1830'', by [[Thomas Burrowes (artist)|Thomas Burrowes]]. Chaudière Falls and Bytown are visible in the background.]]

Prior to European settlement, the Gatineau area was inhabited by the [[Algonquin people|Algonquin]] people which is part of the larger [[Algonquin people|Anishinaabe]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gatineau |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/gatineau |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca |language=en}}</ref> The current city of Gatineau is centred on an area formerly called [[Hull, Quebec|Hull]]. It is the oldest European colonial settlement in the [[National Capital Region (Canada)|National Capital Region]], but this area was essentially not developed by Europeans until after the [[American Revolutionary War]], when [[the Crown]] granted land through the ''Leaders and Associates''<ref>{{cite web | url=https://jchmhistorian.com/2020/11/18/leaders-and-associates-the-unique-land-grant-system-of-early-lower-canada/ | title=Leaders and Associates – the unique land grant system of early Lower Canada | date=19 November 2020 | access-date=27 March 2023 | archive-date=27 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327191011/https://jchmhistorian.com/2020/11/18/leaders-and-associates-the-unique-land-grant-system-of-early-lower-canada/ | url-status=live }}</ref> program of the Lower Canada Executive, which brought settlement in the [[Ottawa Valley]].<ref>http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/wright_philemon_7E.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327191011/http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/wright_philemon_7E.html |date=27 March 2023 }}, 3rd & 4th paragraphs</ref>

Hull was founded on the north shore of the [[Ottawa River]] in 1800 by [[Philemon Wright]] at the [[portage]] around the [[Chaudière Falls]], just upstream (or west) from the confluence of the [[Gatineau River|Gatineau]] and [[Rideau River|Rideau]] rivers with the Ottawa River. Wright brought his family, four other families, and twenty-five (or 33, according to Philemon's own conflicting reports) labourers<ref>John H. Taylor, ''Ottawa: An Illustrated History'', James Lorimer & Company, Publishers, Toronto, 1986, p.11</ref> with the hope of establishing an agricultural community, but by 1806, Wright and his family took advantage of the large [[forest stands]] and began the [[Ottawa River timber trade]], floating the first square timber raft down the Ottawa River to Québec City. For a while, the industry was under a monopoly known as the [[Gatineau Privilege]]. The original settlement was called [[Wright's Town, Lower Canada]], and was later renamed as Hull, when it was incorporated in 1875. [[Bytown]], founded in 1832, stood across the river from Wright's Town. In 2002, after amalgamation, Hull became part of a larger jurisdiction named the City of Gatineau.

In 1820, before [[Irish Canadians|immigrants from Ireland]] and Great Britain arrived in great numbers, [[Hull, Quebec|Hull Township]] had a population of 707; these included 365 men, 113 women, and 229 children. The high number of men were related to workers in the lumber trade. In 1824, there were 106 families and 803 persons. During the rest of the 1820s, the population of Hull doubled, with the arrival of Protestant immigrants from [[Ulster]], now Northern Ireland. By 1851, the population of the County of Ottawa was 11,104, of which 2,811 lived in Hull. By comparison, Bytown had a population of 7,760 in 1851. By 1861, Ottawa County had a population of 15,671, of which 3,711 lived in Hull.

Gradually, [[French Canadians]] also migrated to the township; their proportion of the population increased from 10% in 1850, to 50% in 1870, and 90% in 1920.<ref>Martin, Michael, ''[http://web.ncf.ca/fn871/Media/Docs/Book1/Book1_WorkingClassCulture.pdf Working Class Culture and the Development of Hull QC] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611145357/http://web.ncf.ca/fn871/Media/Docs/Book1/Book1_WorkingClassCulture.pdf |date=11 June 2011 }}'' p.&nbsp;48, 2006.</ref> Industrial development in the mid-19th century attracted large numbers of French-Canadian workers to Hull.

The Gatineau River, like the Ottawa River, was a basic transportation resource for the ''draveurs'', [[Timber rafting|timber rafters]] who transported logs via the rivers from lumber camps to downriver destinations. (The [[Gatineau River]] flows south into the [[Ottawa River]], which flows east to the [[St. Lawrence River]] near [[Montreal]].) The log-filled Ottawa River, as viewed from Hull, was featured on the back of the [[Canadian one-dollar bill]]; the paper money was replaced by a dollar coin (the "[[loonie]]") in 1987. The last of the dwindling activity of the draveurs on these rivers ended a few years later.

Very little remains of the original 1800 settlement of Hull because the oldest sectors of the town were destroyed by several fires, especially the [[1900 Hull–Ottawa fire|destructive fire in 1900]]. The fire also seriously damaged the ''pont des Chaudières'' (''[[Chaudière Bridge]]''), but the bridge was rebuilt to join Ottawa to Hull at [[Victoria Island (Ottawa River)|Victoria Island]].

In the 1940s, during World War II, Hull, along with various other regions within Canada, such as [[Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean]], and [[Île Sainte-Hélène]], was the site of [[prisoner-of-war camp]]s.<ref name="Tremblay">Tremblay, Robert, Bibliothèque et Archives Canada, et al. "Histoires oubliées – Interprogrammes : Des prisonniers spéciaux" Interlude. Aired: 20 July 2008, 14h47 to 15h00.</ref> Hull's prison was identified only by a number, as were Canada's other war prisons.<ref name="Tremblay"/><ref>'''Note:''' See also [[List of POW camps in Canada]].</ref> The prisoners of war ([[POW]]s) were organized by nationality and status: [[civilian]] or military status.<ref name="Tremblay"/> In the Hull camp, POWs were mostly Italian and German nationals who were detained by the government as potential threats to the nation during the war. As a result of the [[Conscription Crisis of 1944]], Canadians who had [[Draft dodger|refused conscription]] were also interned in the camp.<ref name="Tremblay"/> The prisoners were required to perform hard labour, which included farming and lumbering the land.<ref name="Tremblay"/>

During the 1970s and early 1980s, the decaying old downtown core of Hull was redeveloped. Old buildings were demolished and replaced by a series of large office complexes. In addition, some 4,000 residents were displaced, and many businesses uprooted along what was once the town's main commercial area.<ref>Harold Kalman and John Roaf, ''Exploring Ottawa: An Architectural Guide to the Nation's Capital.'' Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1983. p.&nbsp;88</ref>

On 11 November 1992, Ghislaine Chénier, Mayor by interim for the city of Hull, unveiled ''[[War Never Again]]'', a marble stele monument that commemorates the cost of war for the men, women and children of Hull.<ref>{{cite web|title='War Never Again' memorial|publisher=National Defence Canada|url=http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/nic-inm/sm-rm/mdsr-rdr-eng.asp?PID=4166|date=16 April 2008|access-date=22 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140523230653/http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/nic-inm/sm-rm/mdsr-rdr-eng.asp?PID=4166|archive-date=23 May 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Gatineau is located in southwestern [[Quebec]], on the northern bank of the [[Gatineau River]]. It is situated at an elevation of around {{convert|50|m|ft|abbr=off}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carte topographique Gatineau, altitude, relief |url=https://fr-ca.topographic-map.com/map-3mj18/Gatineau/?center=45.44929,-75.71949&zoom=12&popup=45.46422,-75.70318 |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=Cartes topographiques |language=fr}}</ref> The [[Gatineau Hills]] are the foothills of the [[Laurentian Mountains]] and located in the region. It is also the location of [[List of urban parks by size|the third largest urban park in the world]]. They supply great [[Alpine skiing|skiing]] and [[snowboarding]] opportunities within minutes of the city. Gatineau is situated close to where the [[Canadian shield]] and the [[Saint Lawrence Lowlands]] intersect. The area has several major fault lines<ref>{{cite web |date=14 April 2009 |title=Urban Geology of the National Capital Area – Bedrock topography |url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/urbgeo/natcap/bed_topo_e.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518182649/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/urbgeo/natcap/bed_topo_e.php |archive-date=18 May 2011 |access-date=20 August 2010 |publisher=Gsc.nrcan.gc.ca }}</ref> and small earthquakes do occur somewhat regularly, on average, there are at least one earthquake of intensity III or higher once every three years in [[Ottawa-Gatineau]]. The most memorable being the [[2010 Central Canada earthquake]] that occurred in Quebec. The [[Epicenter|epicentre]] was situated approximately {{convert|56|km|mi|abbr=off}} north of [[Ottawa]], Ontario, in the municipality of [[Val-des-Bois, Quebec]].

The city is covered in parks and green spaces. The beautiful [[Gatineau Park]] occupies almost 360 square kilometers of forest. The park offers hiking, biking, cross-country skiing and beaches. The Ottawa and Gatineau Rivers flow through Gatineau and Gatineau offers boat rides on the Ottawa River.<ref name="George">{{Cite web |last=George |date=14 March 2015 |title=Historique de la ville de Gatineau |url=https://histoire-du-quebec.ca/gatineau/ |access-date=27 February 2023 |website=Histoire du Québec |language=fr-CA |archive-date=27 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227143501/https://histoire-du-quebec.ca/gatineau/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Gatineau Park has 165&nbsp;km of pathways and more than 200&nbsp;km of groomed cross-country ski trails, making it one of the largest trail networks in North America.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Gatineau? |url=https://pourquoigatineau.com/en/nature-as-part-of-the-downtown/ |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=Why Gatineau? |language=en-CA}}</ref>

=== Hydrography ===
Gatineau's entire territory is drained by the [[Ottawa River]], the main tributary of the [[St. Lawrence River|St. Lawrence]]. The river marks the city's southern boundary. To the southwest, it widens to form [[Lac Deschênes]]. The city is also crossed by several rivers: the [[Gatineau River|Gatineau]], the [[Lièvre River|Lièvre]] and the Blanche. The territory is also criss-crossed by a dozen streams, including the [[ruisseau de la Brasserie]], which forms an island in the downtown area.

There are several lakes in Gatineau, the most notable of which are [[Lac Leamy]], [[Lac Beauchamp]], [[Lac des Fées]], Lac de la Carrière and [[Pink Lake (Canada)|Lac Pink]]. Pink is one of the few [[meromictic lake]]s in North America.

=== Climate ===
Gatineau has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb'')<ref name="koppen">{{cite web |date=June 2005 |title=Climatic Regions [Köppen] |url=http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/archives/3rdedition/environment/climate/030 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403011507/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/archives/3rdedition/environment/climate/030 |archive-date=3 April 2012 |access-date=25 December 2012 |work=Atlas of Canada |publisher=Natural Resources Canada}}</ref> with four distinct seasons and is between Zones 5a and 5b on the Canadian Plant Hardiness Scale.<ref>{{cite web |title=phz1981-2010 |url=http://www.planthardiness.gc.ca/?lang=en&m=24&speciesid=1000000&phz=phz1981-2010&bc=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807130053/http://planthardiness.gc.ca/?lang=en&m=24&speciesid=1000000&phz=phz1981-2010&bc=1 |archive-date=7 August 2018 |access-date=14 December 2018 |website=Canada's Plant Hardiness Site |publisher=Natural Resources Canada}}</ref> The climate in Gatineau is cold and temperate. Gatineau receives significant precipitation, even during the driest month. The average temperature in this city is {{convert|6.5|°C|°F|abbr=on}}.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Gatineau climate: Weather Gatineau & temperature by month |url=https://en.climate-data.org/north-america/canada/quebec/gatineau-5004/ |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=en.climate-data.org}}</ref>

Summer lasts from the end of June to the end of September.<ref name=":1" /> The precipitation peaks in June, with an average of 102&nbsp;mm.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Gatineau Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Canada) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/23207/Average-Weather-in-Gatineau-Canada-Year-Round |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref> From 21 May to 18 September, the warm season lasts 3.9 months, with an average daily high temperature above 20&nbsp;°C. July is the hottest month in Gatineau, with average highs of 26&nbsp;°C and lows of 15&nbsp;°C.

The cold season lasts 3.2 months, from 3 December to 11 March, with an average daily high temperature of less than 1 degree Celsius. January is the coldest month in Gatineau, with an average low of -15&nbsp;°C and a high of -5&nbsp;°C.<ref name=":2" />

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="13" |Climate Data for [https://en.climate-data.org/north-america/canada/quebec/gatineau-5004/ Gatineau]

|-
!
!January
!February
!March
!April
!May
!June
!July
!August
!September
!October
!November
!December
|-
|Avg. Temperature °C (°F)
|<nowiki>-9.8 °C</nowiki>

(14.3) °F
|<nowiki>-8.2 °C</nowiki>

(17.2) °F
|<nowiki>-2.8 °C</nowiki>

(26.9) °F
|5.1&nbsp;°C

(41.1) °F
|13&nbsp;°C

(55.4) °F
|17.9&nbsp;°C

(64.3) °F
|20.8&nbsp;°C

(69.4) °F
|19.9&nbsp;°C

(67.9) °F
|16.2&nbsp;°C

(61.2) °F
|8.9&nbsp;°C

(48) °F
|2.1&nbsp;°C

(35.7) °F
|<nowiki>-5.2 °C</nowiki>

(22.6) °F
|-
|Min. Temperature °C (°F)
|<nowiki>-14 °C</nowiki>

(6.7) °F
|<nowiki>-12.5 °C</nowiki>

(9.5) °F
|<nowiki>-7.1 °C</nowiki>

(19.3) °F
|0.5&nbsp;°C

(32.9) °F
|8.1&nbsp;°C

(46.7) °F
|13.4&nbsp;°C

(56.1) °F
|16.5&nbsp;°C

(61.7) °F
|16.1&nbsp;°C

(60.9) °F
|12.5&nbsp;°C

(54.5) °F
|5.9&nbsp;°C

(42.7) °F
|<nowiki>-0.5 °C</nowiki>

(31.1) °F
|<nowiki>-8.3 °C</nowiki>

(17) °F
|-
|Max. Temperature °C (°F)
|<nowiki>-5 °C</nowiki>

(23.1) °F
|<nowiki>-2.9 °C</nowiki>

(26.8) °F
|2.4&nbsp;°C

(36.3) °F
|10.6&nbsp;°C

(51.2) °F
|18.5&nbsp;°C

(65.4) °F
|23&nbsp;°C

(73.4) °F
|25.5&nbsp;°C

(78) °F
|24.4&nbsp;°C

(75.9) °F
|20.8&nbsp;°C

(69.4) °F
|12.7&nbsp;°C

(54.9) °F
|5.5&nbsp;°C

(42) °F
|<nowiki>-1.5 °C</nowiki>

(29.3) °F
|-
|Precipitation / Rainfall mm (in)
|78

(3)
|63

(2)
|74

(2)
|94

(3)
|92

(3)
|102

(4)
|101

(3)
|92

(3)
|97

(3)
|102

(4)
|87

(3)
|86

(3)
|-
|Humidity(%)
|76%
|72%
|69%
|63%
|65%
|70%
|70%
|72%
|74%
|75%
|78%
|79%
|-
|Rainy days (d)
|9
|7
|8
|8
|9
|9
|9
|8
|8
|9
|9
|9
|-
|avg. Sun hours (hours)
|4.0
|4.8
|6.3
|7.9
|9.2
|10.2
|10.6
|9.2
|7.3
|5.4
|3.9
|2.9
|}
<small>Data: 1991 - 2021 Min. Temperature °C (°F), Max. Temperature °C (°F), Precipitation / Rainfall mm (in), Humidity, Rainy days. Data: 1999 - 2019: avg. Sun hours</small>

December has the highest relative humidity (78.52%). April is the month with the lowest relative humidity (63.29%). The wettest month is December (12.07 days), while February (9.43 days) is the driest.<ref name=":1"/>

=== Metropolitan area ===
[[File:Ottawa-Gatineau le pont du Portage (3).JPG|right|thumb|View of Ottawa-Gatineau from the [[Portage Bridge]]]]
[[File:Museum-civ.jpg|right|thumb |[[Canadian Museum of History]] in Gatineau]]
{{Main|National Capital Region (Canada)}}

'''Gatineau''' is one of the two major parts of the National Capital Region ({{lang|fr|Région de la capitale nationale}}), also known as Canada's Capital Region and Ottawa–Gatineau; it is an official federal designation encompassing the [[Canada|Canadian]] capital of [[Ottawa]], Ontario, the adjacent city of Gatineau, Quebec, and surrounding suburban and [[Exurb|exurban areas]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/N-4/FullText.html |title= National Capital Act (Consolidated federal laws of Canada) |publisher=Justice Canada |date=September 30, 2013 |access-date=March 15, 2024}}</ref> Which include larger urban communities such as [[Clarence-Rockland]], [[Russell, Ontario|Russell]], [[North Grenville]], [[Val-des-Monts, Quebec|Val-des-Monts]] and [[Cantley, Quebec|Cantley]]. It also includes smaller villages such as [[Bowman, Quebec|Bowman]], [[Denholm, Quebec|Denholm]], [[Lochaber, Quebec|Lochaber]] and [[Val-des-Bois, Quebec|Val-des-Bois]].

The [[National Capital Region (Canada)#Attractions|National Capital Region]] has numerous attractions, including world-famous festivals, national museums, famous buildings and architecture, sports, and entertainment. Gatineau is home to the [[Canadian Museum of History]], one of Canada's most visited museums, designed by the architect [[Douglas Cardinal]], a leading figure in contemporary Indigenous architecture.

==== Amalgamation ====
As part of the [[2000–06 municipal reorganization in Quebec]], the five municipalities that constituted the ''Communauté urbaine de l'Outaouais'' (''Outaouais urban community'') were merged on 1 January 2002 to constitute the new city of Gatineau. They were:
*[[Aylmer, Quebec|Aylmer]]
*[[Buckingham, Quebec|Buckingham]]
*[[Hull, Quebec|Hull]]
*Gatineau
*[[Masson-Angers]]

Although Hull was the oldest and most central of the merged cities, the name Gatineau was chosen for the new city. The historic municipality of Gatineau had more residents than Hull, and this name was strongly associated with the area: it was the name of the former county, valley, hills, and park and the main river within the new city limits.

After the 2003 election, the new [[Quebec Liberal Party|Liberal]] government of [[Jean Charest]] passed Bill 9, which created a process by which former municipalities could be reconstituted. Contrary to Charest's election promise of full de-amalgamation, Bill 9 restored only selected powers to the de-merged cities (e.g., animal control, garbage pickup, local street maintenance, some cultural facilities). The bigger expenses (e.g., police, fire, main streets, expansion programs) and the majority of the taxes remained in the hands of urban agglomerations. These are controlled by the central merged city because their larger populations give them greater voting weight. In order to hold a referendum on dw-amalgamation, 10% of the eligible voters in each former municipality would have to sign a "register".

Residents of Aylmer, Buckingham, Hull and Masson-Angers all surpassed this threshold and sought referendums on de-merge. A simple majority of "yes" votes, based on a turnout of at least 35% of voters, is needed to de-merge. All of the above jurisdictions had the required turnout. A majority of voters in each jurisdiction rejected the de-merger.<ref name="DGE">{{cite web |title=Referendums of June 20, 2004 |url=http://www.electionsquebec.qc.ca/english/tables/result-referendum-2004.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060629/http://www.electionsquebec.qc.ca/english/tables/result-referendum-2004.php |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=19 February 2017 |publisher=Directeur-Général des Élections}}</ref>{{bar box
|title=Division of population by sector in the city of Gatineau.
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=200px
|bars=
{{bar percent|Gatineau|Green|45.4}}
{{bar percent|Hull|Purple|29.2}}
{{bar percent|Aylmer|Red|15.9}}
{{bar percent|Buckingham|Orange|5.1}}
{{bar percent|Masson-Angers|Blue|4.3}}
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Former municipality !! # of Yes votes !! Yes vote (%) !! Total votes !! Turnout (%)
|-
| Aylmer || 7,412 || 26.48 || 12,844 || 45.89
|-
| Buckingham || 1,779 || 20.27 || 4,302 || 49.02
|-
| Hull || 7,820 || 15.71 || 19,885 || 39.94
|-
| Masson-Angers || 2,563 || 34.8 || 3,900 || 52.88
|}

=== Neighbourhoods ===
{{See also|Neighbourhoods of Gatineau}}

Gatineau is divided into five sectors: [[Hull, Quebec|Hull]], [[Aylmer, Quebec|Aylmer]], Gatineau, [[Masson-Angers]] and [[Buckingham, Quebec|Buckingham]].

== Demography ==
{{stack|{{Historical populations
|title       = Historical populations
|type        = Canada
|align       = none
|cols        = 
|percentages = 
|footnote    = 
|1941|2822
|1951|5771
|1956|8423
|1961|13022
|1966|17727
|1971|22321
|1976|73479
|1981|74988
|1986|77708
|1991|92284
|[[Canada 1996 Census|1996]]|100684
|[[Canada 2001 Census|2001]]|102898
|[[Canada 2006 Census|2006]]|242124
|[[Canada 2011 Census|2011]]|265349
|[[Canada 2016 census|2016]]|276245
|[[2021 Canadian census|2021]]|291041
}}}}

In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Gatineau had a population of {{val|291041|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|126476|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|133225|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:291041-276245}}|276245|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|276245|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|341.84|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|291041|341.84|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000224 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Quebec | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=9 February 2022 | access-date=29 August 2022 | archive-date=13 February 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213130057/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000224 | url-status=live }}</ref>

According to the [[Canada 2011 Census|2011 census]], the city of Gatineau had a population of 265,349. This was an increase of 9.6% compared to 2006. Most of the population live in the urban cores of Aylmer, Hull and the former Gatineau. Buckingham and Masson-Angers are more rural communities. Gatineau is the fourth largest city in Quebec after [[Montreal]], [[Quebec City]], and [[Laval, Quebec|Laval]].

The Quebec part of Ottawa-Gatineau [[Census Metropolitan Area|Census Metropolitan Area (CMA)]] – which includes various peripheral municipalities in addition to Gatineau – had a total population of 314,501. Between 2001 and 2006, there was a net influx of 5,205 people (equivalent to 2% of the total 2001 population) who moved to Gatineau from outside of the Ottawa – Gatineau area. There was also a net outmigration of 630 anglophones (equivalent to 2% of the 2001 anglophone population). Overall, there was a net influx of 1,100 people from [[Quebec City]], 1,060 from [[Montreal]], 545 from [[Saguenay, Quebec|Saguenay]], 315 from Toronto, 240 from [[Trois-Rivières]], 225 from [[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]], and 180 from [[Greater Sudbury|Sudbury]].<ref>{{cite web |date=1 March 2007 |title=Ottawa – Gatineau (Que. part – Partie Qc) |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2006&PID=89182&GID=843983&METH=1&APATH=3&PTYPE=88971&THEME=71&AID=&FREE=0&FOCUS=&VID=0&GC=99&GK=NA&RL=0&d1=0&d2=0&d3=0&d4=0 |access-date=6 February 2008 |work=Census Metropolitan Area of Residence 5 Years Ago (37), Mother Tongue (8), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (9), Age Groups (16) and Sex (3) for the Inter-Census Metropolitan Area Migrants Aged 5 Years and Over of Census Metropolitan Areas, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data |publisher=Statistics Canada |archive-date=31 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731233440/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2006&PID=89182&GID=843983&METH=1&APATH=3&PTYPE=88971&THEME=71&AID=&FREE=0&FOCUS=&VID=0&GC=99&GK=NA&RL=0&d1=0&d2=0&d3=0&d4=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Ethnicity ===
The 2001 census found that 4.3% of the population self-identified as having a [[visible minority]] status, including, among others, about 1.3% who self-identified as [[Black people|Black]], about 1.0% self-identifying as [[Arab]], 0.5% as [[Latin Americans|Latin American]], 0.4% as [[Han Chinese|Chinese]], 0.3% as [[Southeast Asian]], 0.2% as [[South Asian]], and about 0.1% as [[Filipino Canadian|Filipino]]. <small>''([[Statistics Canada]] terminology is used throughout.)''</small><ref>{{cite web |date=1 March 2007 |title=Ottawa – Hull (Que. part – Partie Qc) |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=62913&APATH=3&METH=1&PTYPE=55440&THEME=44&FOCUS=0&AID=0&PLACENAME=0&PROVINCE=0&SEARCH=0&GC=0&GK=0&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&FL=0&RL=0&FREE=0&GID=431577 |access-date=6 February 2008 |work=Visible Minority Groups (15) and Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11) for Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas 1 and Census Agglomerations, 2001 Census – 20% Sample Data |publisher=Statistics Canada }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>  [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] comprise 2.7% of the population.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 January 2008 |title=Ottawa – Gatineau (Que. part – Partie Qc) |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89122&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&Theme=73&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=837989 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115143208/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89122&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&Theme=73&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=837989 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 January 2013 |access-date=6 February 2008 |work=Aboriginal Identity (8), Sex (3) and Age Groups (12) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data |publisher=Statistics Canada }}</ref>  The area is home to more than five thousand recent immigrants (i.e. those arriving between 2001 and 2006), who now comprise about two percent of the total population. 11% of these new immigrants have come from [[Colombia]], 10% from China, 7% from France, 6% from [[Lebanon]], 6% from [[Romania]], 4% from [[Algeria]], 3% from the United States and 3% from [[Democratic Republic of Congo|Congo]].<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2007 |title=Ottawa – Gatineau (Que. part – Partie Qc) |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89424&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&Theme=72&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=837989 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115143001/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89424&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&Theme=72&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=837989 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 January 2013 |access-date=6 February 2008 |work=Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (8) and Place of Birth (261) for the Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data |publisher=Statistics Canada }}</ref>

The cultural diversity of the city of Gatineau is noteworthy. The city welcomes between 800 and 1,000 newcomers to Canada each year. They come from some sixty countries and enrich the Gatineau identity.<ref name="George"/>

Canadians were able to self-identify one or more ethnocultural ancestries in the [[Canada 2001 Census|2001 census]]. (Percentages may therefore add up to more than 100%.) The most common response was [[Canadian ethnicity|Canadian/''Canadien'']]; as the term "Canadian" is as much an expression of citizenship as of ethnicity, these figures should not be considered an exact record of the relative prevalence of different ethnocultural ancestries. 43.1% of respondents gave a single response of Canadian/''Canadien'' while a further 26.5% identified both Canadian/''Canadien'' and one or more other ethnocultural ancestries. With regards to language, 10.4% of respondents gave a single response of [[French people|French]], 1.1% gave a single response of [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]], 1.0% gave a single response of Irish, 0.9% gave a single response of [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]], 0.8% gave a single response of English, 0.7% gave a single responses of ''[[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]]'' and 0.7% gave a single response of [[North American Indian]]. According to [[Statistics Canada]], counting both single and multiple responses, the most commonly identified ethnocultural ancestries were: 70.7% North American, 37.8% French, 14.3% British Isles, 4.5% Aboriginal, 4.0% Southern European, 3.8% Western European, 1.9% Arab, 1.7% Eastern European, 1.0% East and Southeast Asian, 0.8% African, 0.7% Latin, Central and South American, 0.7% Caribbean and 0.5% Northern European.

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] groups in the City of Gatineau (2001−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Panethnicity|Panethnic]]<br>group
! colspan="2" |2021<ref name="2021censusB"/>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref name="2016census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=27 October 2021 |title=Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481017&Geo2=CD&Code2=2481&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=12 January 2023 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=28 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828223202/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481017&Geo2=CD&Code2=2481&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=27 November 2015 |title=NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481017&Data=Count&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=12 January 2023 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=28 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828223205/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481017&Data=Count&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=20 August 2019 |title=2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481017&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=12 January 2023 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201224702/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481017&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2 July 2019 |title=2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481015&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=12 January 2023 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=13 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113075424/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2481015&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Gatineau&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[European Canadians|European]]{{efn|Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.|name="euro"}}
| 219,350
| {{Percentage | 219350 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 224,670
| {{Percentage | 224670 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 225,670
| {{Percentage | 225670 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 217,290
| {{Percentage | 217290 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 97,250
| {{Percentage | 97250 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| [[African-Canadian|African]]
| 27,145
| {{Percentage | 27145 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 16,670
| {{Percentage | 16670 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 10,165
| {{Percentage | 10165 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 5,715
| {{Percentage | 5715 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 1,040
| {{Percentage | 1040 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 11,705
| {{Percentage | 11705 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 10,420
| {{Percentage | 10420 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 9,065
| {{Percentage | 9065 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 6,270
| {{Percentage | 6270 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 1,355
| {{Percentage | 1355 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.|name="MiddleEastern"}}
| 11,370
| {{Percentage | 11370 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 9,180
| {{Percentage | 9180 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 7,045
| {{Percentage | 7045 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 4,210
| {{Percentage | 4210 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 1,320
| {{Percentage | 1320 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
| 5,595
| {{Percentage | 5595 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 4,170
| {{Percentage | 4170 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 3,855
| {{Percentage | 3855 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 2,415
| {{Percentage | 2415 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 370
| {{Percentage | 370 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.|name="EastAsian"}}
| 3,865
| {{Percentage | 3865 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 2,830
| {{Percentage | 2830 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 2,500
| {{Percentage | 2500 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 1,785
| {{Percentage | 1785 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 335
| {{Percentage | 335 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Southeast Asia]]n{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.|name="SoutheastAsian"}}
| 2,965
| {{Percentage | 2965 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 1,805
| {{Percentage | 1805 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 1,725
| {{Percentage | 1725 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 1,430
| {{Percentage | 1430 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 225
| {{Percentage | 225 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
| 1,840
| {{Percentage | 1840 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 955
| {{Percentage | 955 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 795
| {{Percentage | 795 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 455
| {{Percentage | 455 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 225
| {{Percentage | 225 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
| Other/[[Multiracial people|Multiracial]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.|name="Other"}}
| 1,885
| {{Percentage | 1885 | 285715 | 2 }}
| 1,155
| {{Percentage | 1155 | 271850 | 2 }}
| 845
| {{Percentage | 845 | 261665 | 2 }}
| 400
| {{Percentage | 400 | 239980 | 2 }}
| 265
| {{Percentage | 265 | 102385 | 2 }}
|-
! Total responses
! 285,715
! {{Percentage | 285715 | 291041 | 2 }}
! 271,850
! {{Percentage | 271850 | 276245 | 2 }}
! 261,665
! {{Percentage | 261665 | 265349 | 2 }}
! 239,980
! {{Percentage | 239980 | 242124 | 2 }}
! 102,385
! {{Percentage | 102385 | 102898 | 2 }}
|-
! Total population
! 291,041
! {{Percentage | 291041 | 291041 | 2 }}
! 276,245
! {{Percentage | 276245 | 276245 | 2 }}
! 265,349
! {{Percentage | 265349 | 265349 | 2 }}
! 242,124
! {{Percentage | 242124 | 242124 | 2 }}
! 102,898
! {{Percentage | 102898 | 102898 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}
|}

=== Language ===
The following statistics refer to the Quebec portion of the Ottawa–Gatineau CMA (as it was defined in the 2021 census). Counting both single and multiple responses, French was a [[mother tongue]] for 78.27% of residents in 2021, English for 16.96%, [[Arabic]] for 2.74%, Portuguese for 0.85% and Spanish for 2.0%.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gouvernement du Canada |first=Statistique Canada |date=9 February 2022 |title=Tableau de profil, Profil du recensement, Recensement de la population de 2021 |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F |access-date=27 February 2023 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=15 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215022830/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F |url-status=live }}</ref>(Figures below are for single responses only.)<ref>{{cite web |date=20 November 2007 |title=Ottawa – Gatineau (Que. part – Partie Qc) |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89201&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=701&Temporal=2006&Theme=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=837989 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115213010/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89201&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=701&Temporal=2006&Theme=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=837989 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 January 2013 |access-date=6 February 2008 |work=Detailed Mother Tongue (186), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 and 2006 Censuses – 20% Sample Data |publisher=Statistics Canada }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="float:left;"
|- "
! Mother tongue
! Population
! Percentage
|-
| French
| 204 290
| 71.1%
|-
| English
| 33,825
| 11.8%
|-
| [[Arabic]]
| 7,880
| 2.74%
|-
| Portuguese
| 2,465
| 0.85%
|-
| Spanish
| 5,730
| 2.00%
|-
| Mandarin
| 1,715
| 0.60%
|-
| [[Serbo-Croatian]]
| 1,195
| 0.42%
|-
| [[Romanian language|Romanian]]
| 1,040
| 0.36%
|-
| German
| 45
| 0.02%
|-
| [[Berber languages|Berber]]
| 780
| 0.27%
|-
| Polish
| 470
| 0.16%
|-
| Italian
| 445
| 0.2%
|-
| [[Haitian Creole language|Haitian Creole]]
| 1,200
| 0.42%
|-
| Russian
| 1,815
| 0.63%
|-
| [[Kirundi]]
| 915
| 0.32%
|-
| [[Persian language|Persian]]
| 475
| 0.17%
|-
| [[Lao language|Lao]]
| 105
| 0.04%
|-
| [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]]
| 245
| 0.09%
|-
| [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
| 115
| 0.04%
|-
| [[Serbian language|Serbian]]
| 705
| 0.25%
|-
| [[Kinyarwanda]]
| 735
| 0.26%
|-
| Hungarian
| 120
| 0.04%
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="19" |Canada Census Mother Tongue - Gatineau, Quebec<ref name="scpast">Statistics Canada: [[Canada 1996 Census|1996]], [[Canada 2001 Census|2001]], [[Canada 2006 Census|2006]], [[Canada 2011 Census|2011]], [[Canada 2016 Census|2016census]], [https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=F&SearchText=Gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00052481017&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 2021census] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227143500/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=F&SearchText=Gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00052481017&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |date=27 February 2023 }}</ref>
|-
! Census
|
! Total
| colspan="1" |
! colspan="3" |{{center|French}}
| colspan="1" |
! colspan="3" |{{center|English}}
| colspan="1" |
! colspan="3" |{{center|French & English}}
| colspan="1" |
! colspan="3" |{{center|Other}}
|-
! Year
|
! Responses
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|-
| {{center|2021}}
|
| {{center|287,510}}
|
| 204,290
| {{decrease}}0.50%
| 71.1%
|
| 33,825
| {{increase}} 10.32%
| 11.8
|
| 8,640
| {{increase}} 86.40%
| 3%
|
| 34,165
| {{increase}} 16.7%
| 11.9%
|-
| {{center|2016}}
|
| {{center|273,265}}
|
| 205,335
| {{increase}} 0.9%
| 75.14%
|
| 30,660
| {{increase}} 5.5%
| 11.22%
|
| 4,635
| {{increase}} 4.9%
| 1.69%
|
| 29,275
| {{increase}} 22.72%
| 10.7%
|-
| {{center|2011}}
|
| {{center|263,255}}
|
| 203,360
| {{increase}} 6.22%
| 77.24%
|
| 29,060
| {{increase}} 14.56%
| 11.04%
|
| 4,415
| {{increase}} 65.3%
| 1.6%
|
| 23,855
| {{increase}} 16.33%
| 9.06%
|-
| {{center|2006}}
|
| {{center|239,980}}
|
| 191,445
| {{increase}} 4.35%
| 79.77%
|
| 25,365
| {{increase}} 3.57%
| 10.56%
|
| 2,670
| {{decrease}} 20.93%
| 1.11%
|
| 20,505
| {{increase}} 42.6%
| 8.54%
|-
| {{center|2001}}
|
| {{center|224,755}}
|
| 183,455
| {{increase}} 3.6%
| 81.6%
|
| 24,115
| {{increase}} 5.18%
| 10.7%
|
| 2,810
| {{decrease}} 4.9%
| 1.25%
|
| 14,380
| {{increase}} 30.9%
| 6.39%
|-
| {{center|1996}}
|
| {{center|215,995}}
|
| 177,065
| n/a
| 81.97%
|
| 23,995
| n/a
| 11.1%
|
| 3,005
| n/a
| 1.39%
|
| 10,985
| n/a
| 5.08%
|}
{{clear}}

=== Religion ===
According to the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 census]], religious groups in Gatineau included:<ref name="2021censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=26 October 2022 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00052481017&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=9 November 2022 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=11 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111075627/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=gatineau&DGUIDlist=2021A00052481017&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Christianity in Canada|Christianity]] (178,850 persons or 62.6%)
*[[Irreligion in Canada|Irreligion]] (88,125 persons or 30.8%)
*[[Islam in Canada|Islam]] (14,840 persons or 5.2%)
*[[Buddhism in Canada|Buddhism]] (1,165 persons or 0.4%)
*[[Hinduism in Canada|Hinduism]] (535 persons or 0.2%)
*[[Judaism in Canada|Judaism]] (405 persons or 0.1%)
*[[Mythologies of the indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indigenous Spirituality]] (200 persons or 0.1%)
*[[Sikhism in Canada|Sikhism]] (185 persons or 0.1%)
*Other (1,410 persons or 0.5%)

About 83% of the population identified as Roman Catholic in 2001, while 7% said they had no religion and 5% identified as [[Protestant]] (1.3% [[Anglican Church of Canada|Anglican]], 1.3% [[United Church of Canada|United]], 0.7% [[Baptist]], 0.3% [[Lutheran]], 0.2% [[Pentecostal]], 0.2% [[Presbyterian]]). About 1% of the population identified as [[Muslim]], 0.5% as [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], 0.3% as [[Buddhist]], and 0.2% as [[Eastern Orthodox]].<ref>{{cite web |date=1 March 2007 |title=Ottawa – Hull (Que. part – Partie Qc) |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=55822&APATH=3&METH=1&PTYPE=55440&THEME=56&FOCUS=0&AID=0&PLACENAME=0&PROVINCE=0&SEARCH=0&GC=99&GK=NA&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&FL=0&RL=0&FREE=0&GID=431577 |access-date=6 February 2008 |work=Religion (95A), Age Groups (7A) and Sex (3) for Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 1991 and 2001 Censuses – 20% Sample Data |publisher=Statistics Canada }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

=== Immigration ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" | Immigrants by country of birth (2016 Census)<ref>https://www12.statcan.gc.ca {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027081443/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/ |date=27 October 2022 }} › dp-pd
2016 Census of Population – Data products - Statistics Canada</ref>
|-	
!Rank	
!Country	
!Population		
|-	
|1	
| [[Haiti]]
| 2,530
|-	
|2	
| [[Lebanon]]
| 2,450
|-	
|3	
| [[France]]	
| 2,050
|-	
|4	
| [[Morocco]]
| 1,985
|-	
|5	
| [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
| 1,710
|-	
|6	
| [[Colombia]]
| 1,710
|-	
|7	
| [[China]]
| 1,530
|-	
|8	
| [[Algeria]]	
| 1,435
|-	
|9	
| [[Portugal]]
| 1,275
|-	
|10	
| [[Philippines]]
| 1,095
|}

There are a total of 44,180 immigrants (by status) in Gatineau (or 15.5% of the whole population) and 5,300 non-permanent residents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gouvernement du Canada |first=Statistique Canada |date=9 February 2022 |title=Tableau de profil, Profil du recensement, Recensement de la population de 2021 |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F |access-date=27 February 2023 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=15 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215022830/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=F |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Economy==
Originally, Gatineau's economy was based almost entirely on pulp and paper. However, a number of federal and provincial government offices are located in Gatineau, due to its proximity to the national capital, and its status as the main town of the [[Outaouais]] region of Quebec.

A policy of the federal government to distribute federal jobs on both sides of the [[Ottawa River]] led to the construction of several massive office towers to house federal civil servants in downtown Gatineau;<ref>{{cite web |title=Renovation, repair and maintenance work at Place du Portage complex |url=https://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/trans/pq-qp/qp22-eng.html#Background |publisher=Public Services and Procurement Canada |date=October 5, 2023 |access-date=18 March 2024}}</ref> the largest of these are [[Place du Portage]] and [[Terrasses de la Chaudière]], occupying part of the downtown core of the city. Some government agencies and ministries headquartered in Gatineau are the [[Public Works and Government Services Canada]], [[Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada]], [[Environment Canada]], [[Transportation Safety Board of Canada]].<ref>"[http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/contactez-contact/index.asp Contact Us]." Transportation Safety Board of Canada. Retrieved 31 May 2009.</ref>

The following federal government departments have their main offices in Gatineau:

* [[Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada]]
* [[Canadian Heritage]]
* [[Employment and Social Development Canada]]
* [[Environment Canada]] (includes offices of [[Parks Canada]])
* [[Public Works and Government Services Canada]]

The following agencies have their main offices in Gatineau.

* [[Transportation Safety Board of Canada]]
* [[Passport Canada]] (under [[Citizenship and Immigration Canada]])
* [[Competition Bureau]], the [[Canadian Patent Office]] and the [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission]] (under [[Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada]])

In addition to housing a significant portion of federal government offices, the city is also an important regional centre for the Outaouais region. The city serves as the location for the Superior Court of the District of Gatineau, which encompasses all neighboring municipalities. It also houses two of the region's major hospitals as well as numerous provincial colleges.

Other important economic sectors are health care, tourism, education, small business and the provincial public service. The health care and education sectors are particularly important because they represent the region's largest sources of permanent employment outside the federal government. The provincial public service also has a strong presence in the city, due to its status as the region's principal city. There are two hospitals in the city, one in the Hull sector and the other in the Gatineau sector, as well as numerous other clinics and health centers. There are also numerous primary and secondary schools scattered throughout the city. They are managed by four school boards, three of which are French-speaking and one English-speaking. The city is also a major tourist region, with over a million tourists a year visiting the city's museums, parks, lakes and other outdoor attractions.

The Gatineau-Ottawa metropolitan region has over 1,900 technology companies, employing close to 80,000 workers. There are also over 65 research centers and six universities with over 160,000 students (20% of whom are enrolled in science, engineering, and technology programs).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Gatineau? |url=https://pourquoigatineau.com/en/become-part-of-the-national-capital-region-ecosystem/ |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=Why Gatineau? |language=en-CA}}</ref>

Gatineau's economy relies on a few important sectors. A majority of jobs are accounted for between the federal government, construction and service industries. There is however a large effort to modernize the economy in the region through recent initiatives in the entrepreneurial and innovation ecosystem. The [[Innovation Gatineau Institute]] is a regional innovation centre that boasts co-working space as well as startup incubation and acceleration programs to spur innovative business creation. In 2020, The Honourable [[Mélanie Joly]], Minister of Economic Development and Official Languages, visited [[Outaouais|the Outaouais region]] to announce a total of $1,553,448 in financial assistance. This funding will help expand the entrepreneurial ecosystem.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Regions |first=Canada Economic Development for Quebec |date=27 August 2020 |title=Gatineau: a key player in Quebec's economy |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/economic-development-quebec-regions/news/2020/08/gatineau-a-key-player-in-quebecs-economy.html |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=canada.ca}}</ref>

==Arts and Culture==
[[Image:Filling balloons with hot air.jpg|thumb|Filling balloons in [[Jacques Cartier Park]] for the [[Gatineau Hot Air Balloon Festival]]]]
Gatineau is home to many attractions and cultural events. It is home to national museums such as the [[Canadian Museum of History]] and the [[Canadian Children's Museum]]. Nightlife within the city of Gatineau is mostly centered in the "Vieux-Hull" sector behind the Federal office complexes of [[Hull, Quebec|downtown]]. The area features many bars and restaurants within walking distance from [[Ottawa]]. It is a popular spot for young Ontarians as [[Legal drinking age|the legal drinking age in Quebec]] is 18 (as opposed to 19 in Ontario).

=== Shopping ===
{{Main|Les Promenades Gatineau}}
Gatineau is home to [[Les Promenades Gatineau|Les Promenades]], which is located at the intersection of [[Boulevard Gréber|Gréber]] and [[Boulevard Maloney|Maloney]] Boulevards, one of the city's busiest intersections, and is just off [[Quebec Autoroute 50|Autoroute 50]]. It is the city's largest shopping mall by retail space and by shoppers.

=== Arenas and Performing arts ===
La maison de la culture is a multidisciplinary complex housing the [[Salle Odyssée]]. This 830-seat auditorium is the city's main performance venue. The complex also houses the Art-Image exhibition center, the municipal library and many other cultural activities, such as dance and the Gatineau archives.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gatineau |first=La Maison de la culture de |title=Maison de la culture de Gatineau |url=https://www.maisondelaculture.ca/maison-de-la-culture-de-gatineau.html |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=maisondelaculture.ca |language=fr}}</ref>

The newest multidisciplinary complex is called the Centre Slush Puppy. A 4,000-seat arena, including three community ice rinks managed by the non-profit organization [[Vision Multisports Outaouais]], the management model is based on the signing of a 45-year [[emphyteutic lease]]. The building will be transferred to the City at the end of the lease. This arena not only hold the [[QMJHL]] hockey team [[Gatineau Olympiques|Les Olympiques]], but also host larger artists such as [[Flo Rida]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=À propos • Centre Slush Puppie • Aréna multidisciplinaire |url=https://centreslushpuppie.com/a-propos/ |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=Centre Slush Puppie |language=fr-FR}}</ref>

=== Festivals ===
The [[Casino du Lac-Leamy]] is also one of the largest tourist attraction in the city. In August, the Casino hosts an international [[fireworks]] competition which opposes four different countries with the winner being awarded a ''Prix Zeus'' prize for the best overall show (based on several criteria)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.feux.qc.ca/history-and-recognitions/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719143320/https://www.feux.qc.ca/history-and-recognitions/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 July 2018 |title=History and Recognitions |website=Casino Lac-Leamy Sound of Light |access-date=19 July 2018 }}</ref> and can return in the following year. At the beginning of September, on Labour Day weekend, Gatineau hosts an annual [[Gatineau Hot Air Balloon Festival|hot air balloon festival]] which fills the skies with colourful gas-fired passenger balloons. One of Gatineau's urban parks, [[Jacques Cartier Park]], is used by the [[National Capital Commission]] during the popular festival, [[Winterlude]]. In December, the Gatineau Playground Festival takes place at Complex Branchaud-Brière in Gatineau. This one-of-a-kind event provides children and adults with 67,000 square feet of gaming, sports, go-karts, trampolines, and other activities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gatineau Playground Festival |url=https://www.quebecgetaways.com/festival-des-jeux-de-gatineau |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=quebecgetaways.com}}</ref>

=== Music ===
As Gatineau is the smaller of the two cities in its CMA, most major artists perform in Ottawa. However, since the construction of the Centre Slush Puppy, there has been a demand for more events. The first of which was [[Flo Rida]]; the rapper almost sold out the 5,000 capacity arena, with around 3,000 tickets sold.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Un premier spectacle réussi au Centre Slush Puppie |url=https://tvagatineau.ca/un-premier-spectacle-reussi-au-centre-slush-puppie/ |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=TVA Gatineau |language=fr-CA}}</ref>

Gatineau is home to numerous French-speaking and English-speaking artists. The biggest French artist are [[Eva Avila]], [[Martin Giroux]] and [[Sofia Duhaime]]. As for English-speaking artist, they include artist such as [https://open.spotify.com/artist/25MdZkOsHPiWaMvqo2FTxn?si=uLaTbeeSQPWjPqKsVH-CJA Son Rob] and [https://open.spotify.com/artist/4xHQpDhv5vvyyeHeGjLlm3?si=MmLKEX9gQ8G0lsdRcHCAzA YOHARIS].

=== Parks ===
There are many parks. Some of them are well gardened playgrounds or resting spaces while others, like [[Lac Beauchamp Park]], are relatively wild green areas which often merge with the woods and fields of the surrounding municipalities. Streams of all sizes run through these natural expanses. Most of the city is on level ground but the Northern and Eastern parts lie on the beginnings of the foothills of the massive [[Canadian Shield]], or [[Laurentian Mountains]]. These are the "[[Gatineau Hills]]", and are visible in the background of the companion picture.

Gatineau is also the home of the second [[List of urban parks by size|largest urban park in the world]].

==Sports==
* Gatineau Fusion of the NRL ([[National Ringette League]])
* [[Gatineau Olympiques]] of the ''QMJHL'' ([[Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League]])
* [[Gatineau Jr. Olympiques]] (also known as ''Gatineau Junior Express'') are a Canadian Junior ice hockey team based in Gatineau, Quebec. They play in the [[National Capital Junior Hockey League]] (NCJHL) since 2006.
* [[Gatineau Vikings]], Canadian football team 
* Tyran de Gatineau, a junior elite baseball team of the [[Ligue de Baseball Junior Élite du Québec]].
* L'Intrépides de Gatineau, are a Midget AAA hockey team.
* La Machine de l'Outaouais: a [[Kin-Ball]] team of the Ligue Senior élite de Kin-Ball du Québec.
* Évènements Nordiques Gatineau Nordic Events ([https://engne.ca/ ENGNE]) representing the regions cross country ski community
* Beginning in 2010, the city began hosting an elite women's two-race professional road cycling event, the Grand Prix Cycliste Gatineau, consisting of an [[individual time trial]] and a mass-start road race on separate days. Both races are rated 1.1 by the [[Union Cycliste Internationale]], making them the highest ranked women's road cycling events in North America. As of 2020, the race reorganized as the [[Grand Prix Cycliste de Gatineau|Tour de Gatineau]], with the individual time trial portion now known as the [[Chrono Gatineau|Chrono Féminin de Gatineau]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 February 2020|title=GP Cycliste Gatineau saved from cancellation |url=https://cyclingmagazine.ca/sections/news/gp-cycliste-gatineau-saved-from-cancellation/|access-date=21 September 2024|website=Canadian Cycling Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Le Tour de Gatineau |url=https://tourdegatineau.ca/en/}}</ref>

== Government ==
[[File:Gatineau Logo.svg|thumb|left|City logo used from 2002 to 2024.]]
[[Image:Gatineau-qc.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Gatineau]]
The [[Gatineau City Council]] ({{langx|fr|Conseil municipal de Gatineau}}) is the city's main governing body. It is composed of 19 city councillors and a mayor. The city serves as the seat of the [[Judicial districts of Quebec|judicial district]] of Gatineau, which encompasses the entirety of the city of Gatineau as well as several outlying municipalities such as [[Chelsea, Quebec|Chelsea]], [[Cantley, Quebec|Cantley]] and [[Pontiac, Quebec|Pontiac]]. The superior court serving the [[Outaouais]] region is located in Gatineau across from City Hall on the corner of Laurier and Hôtel-de-Ville. Most of the law firms that represent local businesses throughout the region are also based in Gatineau. On February 22, 2024, the mayor of Gatineau, [[France Bélisle]], handed her resignation stating a toxic work environment. In her place, [[Daniel Champagne]] was named acting mayor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ICI.Radio-Canada.ca |first=Zone Politique- |title=La mairesse de Gatineau, France Bélisle, démissionne |url=https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/2051486/depart-france-belisle-mairesse-gatineau |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=Radio-Canada |language=fr-ca}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" style="float:right; width:400; font-size:90%; margin-left:1em;"
|+'''Gatineau federal election results'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=rep/off/44gedata&document=bypro&lang=e |title=Official Voting Results Raw Data (poll by poll results in Gatineau) |date=7 April 2022 |publisher=Elections Canada |access-date=28 February 2023 |archive-date=5 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305223518/https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=rep/off/44gedata&document=bypro&lang=e |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Year
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Bloc Québécois]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[New Democratic Party|New Democratic]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Green Party of Canada|Green]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 0.25em; background-color: {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal}}|
! [[2021 Canadian federal election|2021]]
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal|background}} | '''51%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''69,519''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Conservative|background}} | 11%
| style="text-align:right; background:#6495ED;"| ''15,772''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|BQ|background}} | 20%
| style="text-align:right; background:#87CEFA;"| ''27,674''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|NDP|background}} | 11%
| style="text-align:right; background:#F4A460;"| ''14,521''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Green|background}} | 2%
| style="text-align:right; background:#99C955;"| ''2,687''
|-
! [[2019 Canadian federal election|2019]]
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal|background}} | '''53%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''76,367''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Conservative|background}} | 10%
| style="text-align:right; background:#6495ED;"| ''14,324''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|BQ|background}} | 18%
| style="text-align:right; background:#87CEFA;"| ''26,401''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|NDP|background}} | 12%
| style="text-align:right; background:#F4A460;"| ''17,330''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Green|background}} | 5%
| style="text-align:right; background:#99C955;"| ''7,874''
|-
|}

{|class="wikitable" style="float:right; width:400; font-size:90%; margin-left:1em;"
|+'''Gatineau provincial election results'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.electionsquebec.qc.ca/en/results-and-statistics/general-election-results/2018-10-01/ |title=Official Voting Results by polling station (poll by poll results in Gatineau) |publisher=Elections Québec |access-date=28 February 2023 |archive-date=28 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828223201/https://www.electionsquebec.qc.ca/en/results-and-statistics/general-election-results/2018-10-01/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Year
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Coalition Avenir Québec|CAQ]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Quebec Liberal Party|Liberal]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Québec solidaire|QC solidaire]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Parti Québécois]]
|-
| style="width: 0.25em; background-color: {{Canadian party colour|QC|CAQ}}|
! [[2018 Quebec general election|2018]]
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|CAQ|background}} | '''35%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#1E90FF;"| ''39,861''
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|Liberal|background}} | 34%
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''39,242''
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|QS|background}} | 16%
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF8040;"| ''18,277''
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|PQ|background}} | 10%
| style="text-align:right; background:#87CEFA;"| ''11,473''
|-
| style="width: 0.25em; background-color: {{Canadian party colour|QC|Liberal}}|
! [[Quebec general election, 2014|2014]]
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|CAQ|background}} | 13%
| style="text-align:right; background:#1E90FF;"| ''16,126''
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|Liberal|background}} | '''59%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''71,916''
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|QS|background}} | 8%
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF8040;"| ''9,695''
| {{Canadian party colour|QC|PQ|background}} | 18%
| style="text-align:right; background:#87CEFA;"| ''22,352''
|-
|}
{| style="float:right;"
|-
|
|}

===Police and law enforcement===
With more than 250 officers, the ''Service de police de la Ville de Gatineau'' (SPVG) provides day-to-day policing for the city, in collaboration with other agencies such as the ''[[Sûreté du Québec]]'' and the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] assisting as necessary. They are also responsible for patrolling sections of the highways located within the city limits, including [[Quebec Autoroute 50|Autoroute 50]] and [[Quebec Autoroute 5|Autoroute 5]]. The SPVG is equipped with a CID unit, marine unit, drugs unit, gang suppression unit, and a [[SWAT|tactical unit]] (Groupe d'intervention, or GI). Patrol officers are armed with [[Smith & Wesson M&P]] .40 calibre pistols. The SPVG uses the same vehicles as similar police forces throughout North America.

==== Crime ====
Ottawa and Gatineau have some of the lowest crime rates in Canada. In 2022, the national crime rate in Canada increased by 5% to 5,668 crimes per 100,000 people.

With a crime rate of 4,019 crimes per 100,000 people, Ottawa ranks 27th out of 35 cities in Canada. Gatineau is the 28th most dangerous city in Canada, with a crime rate of 3,737 crimes per 100,000 people.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2023 |title=Ottawa and Gatineau see spike in crimes in 2022, StatsCan reports |url=https://ottawa.ctvnews.ca/ottawa-and-gatineau-see-spike-in-crimes-in-2022-statscan-reports-1.6496708 |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=Ottawa |language=en}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==
{{Essay-like|section|date=February 2020}}
The [[Gatineau-Ottawa Executive Airport]] is Gatineau's municipal airport, capable of handling small jets. There are Canada customs facilities for aircraft coming from outside Canada, a car rental counter and a restaurant. The airport has a few regularly scheduled flights to points within Quebec, but most residents of Gatineau use the nearby [[Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport]] or travel to [[Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport]] in Montreal.

=== Public transport ===
{{See also|Société de transport de l'Outaouais}}
Ottawa and Gatineau have two distinct bus-based public transit systems with different fare structures, [[OC Transpo]] and the [[Société de transport de l'Outaouais]]. Tickets are not interchangeable between the two, however passes and transfers from one system to the other do not require payment of a surcharge on any routes. There is a [[Gatineau LRT|proposed LRT system]] that would connect Gatineau to [[Bayview station (Ottawa)|Bayview]] and [[Rideau Centre]] Stations in Ottawa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gatineau reveals $2.1B LRT plan, eyes 2028 launch |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/gatineau-aylmer-ottawa-light-rail-1.4713843 |access-date=20 December 2018 |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 June 2018 |archive-date=14 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114184041/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/gatineau-aylmer-ottawa-light-rail-1.4713843 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Roads ===
{{See also|List of Gatineau roads}}
Many Gatineau highways and major arteries feed directly into the bridges crossing over to Ottawa, but once there the roads lead into the dense downtown grid or into residential areas, with no direct connection to [[Ontario Highway 417|The Queensway]]. This difficulty is further magnified by the lack of a major highway on the Quebec side of the [[Ottawa River]] connecting Gatineau to Montreal, the [[metropolis]] of the province; most travellers from Gatineau to Montreal first cross over to Ottawa, and use Ontario highways to access Montreal. However, it is expected that since [[Quebec Autoroute 50|Autoroute 50]] has been completed,<ref>[http://thereview.ca/story/crews-will-work-through-winter-have-highway-50-open-2012 Crews will work through winter to have Highway 50 open in 2012 | The Review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010091817/http://thereview.ca/story/crews-will-work-through-winter-have-highway-50-open-2012 |date=10 October 2011 }}. Thereview.ca (21 October 2010). Retrieved 12 July 2013.</ref> the new link between Gatineau and the [[Laurentides]] popular tourist area may serve as part of a Montreal by-pass by the north shore for Outaouais residents.

==Education==
The [[Education in Quebec|education system in Quebec]] is different from other systems in Canada. It consists of six years of primary schooling and five years of secondary schooling, after which students must attend an additional school called [[CEGEP]], or ''Collège d'enseignement général et professionnel'' if they want to access the province’s universities. CEGEPs offer both pre-university (two-year) and technical (three-year) programs.

With 28.3% of its population over 20 years of age having completed university studies, Gatineau is well ahead of the rest of the Canada. Gatineau also has one of the highest bilingualism rates, with 63.5% of its population fluent in both English and French.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Gatineau? |url=https://pourquoigatineau.com/en/a-highly-educated-and-bilingual-labour-force/ |access-date=17 November 2023 |website=Why Gatineau? |language=en-CA}}</ref>

The city of Gatineau, within its Hull neighborhood, houses the main campus of the [[Université du Québec en Outaouais]] (UQO), part of the [[Université du Québec]] network. The UQO counts over 5,500 students, mostly within its multiple social science programs. It is world-renowned{{weasel inline|date=June 2021}} for its cyber-psychology laboratory. Faced with a limited number of domains of study, many Quebec students attend other universities, either in [[Ottawa]] or [[Montreal]]. Every year, the UQO hosts the [[Bar of Quebec]] course for certification of new lawyers.

Gatineau is also the home of two CEGEPs, including the [[French language|francophone]] [[Cégep de l'Outaouais]] with three campuses across the city and the [[English language|anglophone]] [[Heritage College (Gatineau)|Heritage College]].

The main French-language school boards in Gatineau are the [[Centre de services scolaire des Portages-de-l'Outaouais|Commission scolaire des Portages-de-l'Outaouais]], the [[Centre de services scolaire au Cœur-des-Vallées|Commission scolaire au Coeur-des-Vallées]], and the [[Centre de services scolaire des Draveurs|Commission scolaire des Draveurs]]. There are also four private high schools: the all-girl Collège Saint-Joseph, the [[Collège Saint-Alexandre]], and École secondaire [[Collège Nouvelles-Frontières|Nouvelles-Frontières]] and le Centre académique de l'Outaouais (CADO). Elementary and secondary education in English is held under the supervision of the [[Western Quebec School Board]].

Since 1995, the [[National Autonomous University of Mexico]] (UNAM) has a campus in Gatineau.<ref>{{cite web |title=The UNAM in the United States - Permanent Extension School (Escuela Permanente de Extensión-EPE-), San Antonio, Texas |url=http://www.100.unam.mx/index.php?option=com_content&id=144&Itemid=81&lang=en |website=100.unam.mx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822103553/http://www.100.unam.mx/index.php?option=com_content&id=144&Itemid=81&lang=en |archive-date=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=UNAM-Canada, Gatineau, Quebec |url=https://canada.unam.mx/en/history/ |website=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |access-date=27 April 2020 |archive-date=28 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828223724/https://canada.unam.mx/en/history/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A military training centre, [[Defence Public Affairs Learning Centre]], is also located in Gatineau.

===Campus médical Outaouais===
In 2019, [[McGill University]] announced the construction of a new campus for its Faculty of Medicine in the [[Outaouais]] region, which will run the undergraduate medical education program in French and allow students to complete their undergraduate medical training entirely in the Outaouais.<ref name="gat">{{cite web |url=https://publications.mcgill.ca/medenews/2018/10/25/preliminary-work-under-way-on-construction-of-the-mcgill-university-faculty-of-medicines-new-campus-in-outaouais/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212130732/https://publications.mcgill.ca/medenews/2018/10/25/preliminary-work-under-way-on-construction-of-the-mcgill-university-faculty-of-medicines-new-campus-in-outaouais/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 February 2019 |title=Preliminary work under way on construction of the McGill University Faculty of Medicine's new campus in Outaouais: Med e-News |access-date=11 February 2019 }}</ref> Official communication with politicians has been ongoing since 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Eidelman |first1=David |last2=Brousseau |first2=Gilles |title=Campus médical: l'Outaouais a assez attendu |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/opinion/libre-opinion/480215/campus-medical-l-outaouais-a-assez-attendu |access-date=27 April 2020 |work=Le Devoir |date=17 September 2016}}</ref> The new facility will be erected above the emergency room at the Gatineau Hospital, part of the Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux de l'Outaouais, in addition to new offices for the associated Family Medicine Unit for residency training.<ref name="gat"/>{{update inline|date=June 2021}} Although the preparatory year for students entering the undergraduate medical education program from CEGEP was initially planned to be offered solely at the McGill downtown campus in Montreal,<ref name="gat"/><ref>{{cite news |title=L'UQO déçue de ne pas accueillir la future faculté de médecine |url=https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/801583/uqo-faculte-medecine-harrisson |access-date=27 April 2020 |publisher=CBC/Radio-Canada |date=7 September 2016 |archive-date=20 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920152759/https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/801583/uqo-faculte-medecine-harrisson |url-status=live }}</ref> collaboration with the [[Université du Québec en Outaouais]] finally made it possible to offer the program entirely in Gatineau.<ref>{{cite news |title=McGill est l'UQO vont offrir l'année préparatoire en médecine à Gatineau|url=http://www.uquebec.ca/reseau/fr/medias/actualites-du-reseau/mcgill-et-luqo-vont-offrir-lannee-preparatoire-en-medecine-gatineau |access-date=27 April 2020 |agency=[[Université du Québec en Outaouais]] |publisher=[[Université du Québec]] |date=13 February 2020}}</ref>

===Key roads===
{{Main|List of Gatineau roads}}

==Media==
{{main|Media in Ottawa–Gatineau}}

Gatineau is the [[city of licence]] for several television and radio stations serving the National Capital Region, which is a single media market. Many of the Ottawa-Gatineau region's TV and FM broadcast stations transmit from [[Gatineau Park|Camp Fortune]] just north of Gatineau. All of the stations licensed directly to Gatineau broadcast in French.

Weekly newspapers published in Gatineau include ''Le Bulletin d'Aylmer'' (bilingual) and ''The West Quebec Post''. Although Gatineau does not have its own daily newspaper, it is served by daily newspapers published in Ottawa, including the French ''[[Le Droit]]'' and the English ''[[Ottawa Citizen]]'' and ''[[Ottawa Sun]]''.

The [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission]], the Canadian regulatory agency for broadcasting, is based in Gatineau at [[Terrasses de la Chaudière]].

==Notable people==
* [[Phillippe Aumont]]
* [[Dave Leduc]]
* [[Eva Avila]]
* [[Daniel Brière]]
* [[Daniel Lanois]]
* [[Andrew Leamy]] (1816–1868), a pioneer industrialist and community leader in Lower Canada
* [[Champlain Marcil]] (1920–2010), photojournalist
* [[Stéphane Richer (ice hockey defenceman)|Stéphane Richer]]
* [[Denis Savard]]
* [[Maxim Tissot]]
* [[Evil Uno]]
* [[Philemon Wright]] (1760–1839), founder of Hull

==See also==
{{Portal|Ontario|Canada}}
* [[Chemin de fer de l'Outaouais]]
* [[Hull–Chelsea–Wakefield Railway]]
* [[List of anglophone communities in Quebec]]
* [[List of cities in Quebec]]
* [[List of crossings of the Ottawa River#From the Lake of Two Mountains upstream|List of crossings of the Ottawa River]]
* [[List of mayors of Gatineau]]
* [[List of regional county municipalities and equivalent territories in Quebec]]
* [[Municipal reorganization in Quebec]]
* [[Twin cities]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="cp2011">{{SCref |unit=csd |code=2481017}}</ref>
<ref name="mamrot">{{mamrot |type=municipalite |81017}}</ref>
<ref name="toponymie">{{toponymie |24715}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Gatineau}}
* {{official website}}
* {{Wikivoyage inline}}
* {{Osmrelation-inline|5356213}}

{{Geographic location
 | title     = Adjacent Municipal Subdivisions
 | Centre    = Gatineau
 | North     = [[Chelsea, Quebec|Chelsea]] / [[Cantley, Quebec|Cantley]] / [[Val-des-Monts]] / [[L'Ange-Gardien, Outaouais, Quebec|L'Ange-Gardien]]
 | Northeast =
 | East      = [[Lochaber-Partie-Ouest, Quebec|Lochaber-Partie-Ouest]]
 | Southeast =
 | South     = ''[[Ottawa River]]'' <br /> Bridges to: {{flagicon|ON}} [[Ottawa|Ottawa, Ontario]]
 | Southwest =
 | West      = [[Pontiac, Quebec|Pontiac]]
 | Northwest =
}}
{{Geographic location
 | title = Adjacent Counties & Equivalent Territories
 | Northwest = 
 | North = [[Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais Regional County Municipality|Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM]]
 | Northeast = 
 | West = [[Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais Regional County Municipality|Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM]]
 | Centre = Gatineau TE
 | East = [[Papineau Regional County Municipality|Papineau RCM]]
 | Southwest = 
 | South = ''[[Ottawa River]]'' <br /> {{flagicon|ON}} [[Ottawa|Ottawa, Ontario]]
 | Southeast = 
}}
{{Gatineau}}
{{Navboxes|list = 
{{Administrative divisions of Quebec region|Outaouais|state=expanded}}
{{Census metropolitan areas by size}}
{{Great Lakes Megalopolis}}
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{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Gatineau]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Quebec]]
[[Category:National Capital Region (Canada)]]
[[Category:Territories equivalent to a regional county municipality]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Ottawa River]]