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{{Short description|County in North Carolina, United States}} {{Distinguish|Gaston, North Carolina}} {{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}} {{Infobox U.S. county | county = Gaston County | state = North Carolina | seal = Gaston County Seal.png | logo = Gaston County Logo.svg | flag = Gaston County Flag.png | founded = 1846 | named for = [[William Gaston]] | seat wl = Gastonia | largest city wl = Gastonia | city type = community | area_total_sq_mi = 363.68 | area_land_sq_mi = 355.75 | area_water_sq_mi = 7.93 | area percentage = 2.18 | census yr = 2020 | pop = 227943 | pop_est_as_of = 2023 | population_est = 237242 {{gain}} | density_sq_mi = auto | coordinates = {{coord|35.29|-81.18|type:adm2nd_region:US-NC_source:USCensusBureau2020gazetteerfiles|display=inline,title}} | web = www.gastongov.com | district = 14th | time zone = Eastern | ex image = Historic 2nd Gaston County Courthouse - Gastonia, NC.jpg | ex image cap = [[Gaston County Courthouse]] | motto = "Local Strengths. Global Success." }} '''Gaston County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[North Carolina]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 227,943.<ref name="2020CensusQuickFacts"/> The [[county seat]] is [[Gastonia, North Carolina|Gastonia]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> [[Dallas, North Carolina|Dallas]] served as the original county seat from 1846 until 1911. Gaston County is included in the [[Charlotte metropolitan area|Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area]], which had an estimated population of 2,805,115 in 2023.<ref name="PopEstCBSA">{{cite web |date=March 14, 2024 |title=Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Population Totals: 2020-2023 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html#v2023 |access-date=March 15, 2024 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division}}</ref> The county is located in the southern [[Piedmont (United States)|Piedmont]] region. Of North Carolina's 100 counties, Gaston County ranks 74th in size, consisting of approximately {{convert|364|sqmi|km2}}, and is tenth in population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Carolina Counties by Population |url=https://www.northcarolina-demographics.com/counties_by_population |access-date=August 9, 2022 |website=www.northcarolina-demographics.com}}</ref> The county has fifteen incorporated towns.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gastongov.com/explore/about_gaston/index.php|title=About Gaston County|access-date=September 5, 2019|archive-date=September 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915191303/http://www.gastongov.com/explore/about_gaston/index.php|url-status=live}}</ref> In addition to fifteen incorporated towns and cities, there are several unincorporated communities such as Hardin, Lucia, Crowders Mountain, Sunnyside, Alexis, Tryon, and North Belmont.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gastongov.com/explore/about_gaston/index.php|title=About Gaston County|website=www.gastongov.com|access-date=September 6, 2019|archive-date=September 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915191303/http://www.gastongov.com/explore/about_gaston/index.php|url-status=live}}</ref> ==History== The earliest European settlers of Gaston County were principally [[Scotch-Irish American|Scots Irish]], [[Pennsylvania Dutch]], and [[English American|English]]. In the 1750s, Dutch settler James Kuykendall with Robert Leeper, and others constructed a Fort at the Point at the junction of the [[Catawba River|Catawba]] and South Fork Rivers.<ref>Piper Peters Aheron. Images of America: Gastonia and Gaston County North Carolina. Arcadia Publishing, 2001 ({{ISBN|0738506737}})</ref><ref>Minnie Stowe Pruit. History of Gaston County. The Observer Printing House, Inc, 1939 ({{ISBN|028245554X|9780282455545}})</ref> The fort was built because of ongoing hostilities with the [[Cherokee]], but it was apparently never attacked. Tensions between the settlers and the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] inhabitants (primarily of the [[Catawba (tribe)|Catawba tribe]]) were eased considerably when the boundary dispute between North Carolina and [[South Carolina]] was settled in 1772, after which most of the Catawba settled on a [[Indian reservation|reservation]] near [[Fort Mill, South Carolina]].<ref name="CountyProfile">County Profile - {{cite web |url=http://www.co.gaston.nc.us/countyprofile.htm |title=Gaston County Profile |access-date=July 5, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080229164555/http://www.co.gaston.nc.us/CountyProfile.htm |archive-date=February 29, 2008 }}. Gaston County government official website. Retrieved on July 2, 2008.</ref> Most early farms in the area were small, cultivated primarily by white [[yeoman]] farmers of [[England|English]] ancestry. North Carolina's [[colony|colonial]] policy restricted the size of [[land grant]]s, and in Gaston County they tended to be about {{convert|400|acre|km2}} each. One of the earliest grants in the area was given to Captain Samuel Cobrin, commander of a local [[militia]] company, on September 29, 1750.<ref>Robert F. Cope and Hanley Wade Wellman, The County of Gaston: Two Centuries of a North Carolina Region (Gaston County Historical Society, 1961), 13, cited in [http://www.hoylehomestead.org/Documents/NatRegApp.htm Peter Hoyle House National Register Application]{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gaston County was founded in 1846, partitioned from [[Lincoln County, North Carolina|Lincoln County]].<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite web | url=https://www.ncpedia.org/geography/gaston | title=Gaston County | NCpedia }}</ref> It is named for [[William Gaston]], a [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from North Carolina and member of the state supreme court.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n134 135]}}</ref> Between 1845 and 1848, Gaston County experienced an industrial boom. During this three-year period, the first three [[cotton mill]]s in the county were established. Some sources claim that the first one was established by Thomas R. Tate on [[Mountain Island, North Carolina|Mountain Island]], near the present site of [[Duke Power Company|Duke Energy's]] Mountain Island Dam and Hydroelectric Station. Other sources say that the first mill was established by the Linebergers and others on the South Fork River near [[McAdenville, North Carolina|McAdenville]]. Most sources agree that among the first three mills in operation in the county was the Stowesville Mill, founded by Jasper Stowe and associates in the South Point Community south of [[Belmont, North Carolina|Belmont]]. Gaston County still leads all other counties in the country both in the number of spindles in operation and in the number of bales of cotton consumed.<ref name="CountyProfile"/> The county seat moved from [[Dallas, North Carolina|Dallas]] to [[Gastonia, North Carolina|Gastonia]] in 1911.<ref name="ReferenceB" /> ==Geography== {{maplink|frame=yes|zoom=8|id=Q511849|type=shape-inverse|text=Interactive map of Gaston County}} According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|363.68|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|355.75|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|7.93|sqmi}} (2.18%) is water.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 23, 2022 |title=2020 County Gazetteer Files – North Carolina |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_counties_37.txt |access-date=September 9, 2023 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> It belongs to the southern [[Piedmont (United States)|Piedmont physiographic province]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our State Geography in a Snap: The Piedmont Region {{!}} NCpedia |url=https://www.ncpedia.org/geography/region/piedmont?page=3 |access-date=June 1, 2022 |website=www.ncpedia.org |archive-date=June 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220601183921/https://www.ncpedia.org/geography/region/piedmont?page=3 |url-status=live }}</ref> Most of Gaston County is in the [[drainage basin]] of the [[Catawba River]], except for small areas along the western edge of the county which are in the basin of the [[Broad River (Carolinas)|Broad River]]. Both the Catawba and Broad Rivers are in the greater [[Santee River]] basin. The Catawba forms the eastern border of the county and much of the central part of the county is in the drainage basin of its right tributary, the South Fork Catawba River.<ref>[http://www.co.gaston.nc.us/NaturalResources/watersheds/WatershedMap.pdf Gaston County Watersheds] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911234646/http://www.co.gaston.nc.us/NaturalResources/watersheds/WatershedMap.pdf |date=September 11, 2008 }}</ref> The county is located in the Piedmont region of central North Carolina, which consists of gently rolling terrain frequently broken by hills, river and creek valleys, and low, isolated mountain ridges. The highest point in Gaston County is [[King's Pinnacle]], a rocky [[monadnock]] which sharply rises over {{convert|800|ft|m}} above the city of [[Gastonia, North Carolina|Gastonia]]. King's Pinnacle rises {{convert|1690|ft|m}} above sea level, and is part of [[Crowders Mountain State Park]].<ref>Piedmont North Carolina Trip Reports (GCounty High Pointers Assn., 2010), cited in [http://www.cohp.org/nc/north_carolina_C.html#Gaston] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606092844/http://www.cohp.org/nc/north_carolina_C.html#Gaston|date=June 6, 2011}}</ref> ===State and local protected areas/sites=== * [[Crowders Mountain State Park]] * [[Daniel Stowe Botanical Garden]] * [[Mountain Island Educational State Forest]] (part) * Seven Oaks Preserve Trail<ref>{{Cite web |title=GO Gaston! Trail offers reasons to take it slow |url=https://www.gastongazette.com/story/lifestyle/things-to-do/2017/09/29/go-gaston-trail-offers-reasons-to-take-it-slow/18703285007/ |access-date=April 19, 2023 |website=Gaston Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> ===Major water bodies=== * Beaverdam Creek * Catawba Creek * [[Catawba River]] * Crowders Creek * Dutchmans Creek * Little Beaverdam Creek * [[Mountain Island Lake]] * Rankin Lake * South Crowders Creek * [[South Fork Catawba River]] * South Stanly Creek * Stanly Creek ===Adjacent counties=== *[[Lincoln County, North Carolina|Lincoln County]] – north *[[Mecklenburg County, North Carolina|Mecklenburg County]] – east *[[York County, South Carolina]] – south *[[Cleveland County, North Carolina|Cleveland County]] – west ==Demographics== {{US Census population |1850= 8073 |1860= 9307 |1870= 12602 |1880= 14254 |1890= 17764 |1900= 27903 |1910= 37063 |1920= 51242 |1930= 78093 |1940= 87531 |1950= 110836 |1960= 127074 |1970= 148415 |1980= 162568 |1990= 175093 |2000= 190365 |2010= 206086 |2020= 227943 |estyear=2023 |estimate=237242 |estref=<ref name="2020CensusQuickFacts"/> |align-fn=center |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 17, 2015|archive-date=April 26, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426102944/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />1790–1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=January 17, 2015|archive-date=August 11, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120811110448/http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|url-status=live}}</ref> 1900–1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/nc190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|date=March 27, 1995|access-date=January 17, 2015|archive-date=March 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303125436/http://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/nc190090.txt|url-status=live}}</ref><br />1990–2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=April 2, 2001|access-date=January 17, 2015|archive-date=December 18, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218203824/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 2010<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/37/37071.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717151545/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/37/37071.html|archive-date=July 17, 2011}}</ref> 2020<ref name="2020CensusQuickFacts">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/gastoncountynorthcarolina|title=QuickFacts: Gaston County, North Carolina|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 21, 2024|archive-date=October 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022044536/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/gastoncountynorthcarolina|url-status=live}}</ref> }} ===2020 census=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" |+Gaston County racial composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US37071&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 20, 2021|website=data.census.gov|archive-date=December 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220125357/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US37071&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|url-status=live}}</ref> !scope="col"| Race !scope="col"| Number !scope="col"| Percentage |- !scope="row"| [[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (non-Hispanic) | 153,653 | 67.41% |- !scope="row"| [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic) | 39,762 | 17.44% |- !scope="row"| [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] | 753 | 0.33% |- !scope="row"| [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] | 3,509 | 1.54% |- !scope="row"| [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] | 59 | 0.03% |- !scope="row"| [[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]] | 10,139 | 4.45% |- !scope="row"| [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] | 20,068 | 8.8% |} As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], there were 227,943 people, 85,705 households, and 55,868 families residing in the county. ===2004 census estimate=== At the 2004 [[Population Estimates Program|census estimate]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709054630/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref> there were 194,459 people, 73,936 households, and 53,307 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|534|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people |people}}. There were 78,842 housing units at an average density of {{convert|221|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units |units|}}. The racial makeup of the county was 83% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 13.9% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 1% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.3% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1% from two or more races. 3.00% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. There are 92,094 males and 98,271 females in Gaston County. Of these 39,492 are under 15, 23,082 are aged 16–24, 59,096 are aged 25–44, 44,710 are aged between 45–64 and 23,985 are 65 and over. The median age is 36.89 years. The median income for a household in the county was $39,482, and the median income for a family was $46,271. Males had a median income of $33,542 versus $23,876 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $19,225. About 8.30% of families and 10.90% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 14.50% of those under age 18 and 11.10% of those age 65 or over. ==Law and government== Gaston County is governed by a seven-member Board of Commissioners. Two members are elected from Gaston Township and one each from the other five townships of Gaston County. They are elected on a partisan basis to four-year staggered terms. Those that file for a particular seat must live in the township. However, the vote is countywide or "at-large."<ref>{{cite web|title=Elected Officials: Board of Commissioners|url=http://www.gastongov.com/departments/elections/elected-officials/board-of-commissioners|publisher=County of Gaston|access-date=February 21, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318025006/http://www.gastongov.com/departments/elections/elected-officials/board-of-commissioners|archive-date=March 18, 2013}}</ref> The offices of Sheriff, District Attorney, Clerk of Superior Court, and Register of Deeds are also elected offices, elected on a countywide, partisan basis. Gaston County currently is divided into forty-six (46) voting precincts.<ref>{{cite web|title=Polling Places|url=http://www.gastongov.com/departments/elections/polling-places|work=Board of Elections|publisher=County of Gaston|access-date=February 21, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330234341/http://www.gastongov.com/departments/elections/polling-places|archive-date=March 30, 2012}}</ref> The county is administered by a full-time professional County Manager. Gaston County is a member of the regional [[Councils of governments in North Carolina|Centralina Council of Governments]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.centralina.org/what-is-ccog/|title=About Centralina COG|work=CCOG|access-date=January 25, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=January 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126131055/https://www.centralina.org/what-is-ccog/|url-status=live}}</ref> ===County officers=== ====Board of Commissioners==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Office<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web |url=https://www.gastongov.com/DocumentCenter/View/323/Public-Officials-Directory-2023-PDF?bidId= |title=Public Officials Directory 2023 |publisher=Gaston County Board of Elections}}</ref>!! Holder !! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | County Commissioner (chairman) || Chad Brown || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2026 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | County Commissioner (Vice Chair) || Bob Hovis || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | County Commissioner || Allen Fraley || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | County Commissioner || Kim Johnson || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | County Commissioner || Tom Keigher || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2026 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | County Commissioner || Cathy Cloninger || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2026 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | County Commissioner || Ronnie Worley || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |} ====Soil & Water Conservation District Board Members==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Holder<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Term expires |- | Esther Scott (chairperson) || 2022 |- | David Freeman || 2024 |- | Roger Hurst || 2024 |- | Danon Lawson || 2022 |- | Vacant || 2022 |} ====Superior court judges==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Office<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Holder !! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Senior Resident Superior Court Judge || David Phillips || [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] || 2026 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | Superior Court Judge || Justin Davis || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2030 |} ====District court judges==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Office<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Holder !! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | Chief District Court Judge || John K. Greenlee || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | District Court Judge || Craig Collins || [[Republican (United States)|Republican]] || 2022 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | District Court Judge || Angela G. Hoyle || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | District Court Judge || James A. Jackson || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | District Court Judge || Michael K. Lands || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2022 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | District Court Judge || Donald Rice || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | District Court Judge || Pennie Thrower || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |} ====Other offices==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Office<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Holder !! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[Sheriff]] || Chad Hawkins|| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2026 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[Recorder of deeds|Register of Deeds]] || Susan Lockridge || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2024 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[District Attorney]] || Travis G. Page || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2026 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | Clerk of Superior Court || K. Roxann Rankin || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2022 |} ===North Carolina General Assembly=== ====North Carolina Senate==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! District<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Representative !! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[North Carolina's 43rd Senate district|43]] || [[Kathy Harrington]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2023 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[North Carolina's 44th Senate district|44]] || [[W. Ted Alexander|Ted Alexander]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2023 |- |} ====North Carolina House of Representatives==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! District !! Representative<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[North Carolina's 108th House district|108]] || [[John A. Torbett]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2023 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[North Carolina's 109th House district|109]] || [[Donnie Loftis]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2023 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[North Carolina's 110th House district|110]] || [[Kelly Hastings]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2023 |} ===Federal offices=== ====Senate==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Senator<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[Ted Budd]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2029 |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[Thom Tillis]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2027 |} ====House of Representatives==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! District<ref name="ReferenceA"/>!! Representative !! Party !! Term expires |- {{Party shading/Republican}} | [[North Carolina's 10th congressional district|10th]]||[[Patrick McHenry]] || [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] || 2025 |- {{Party shading/Democratic}} | [[North Carolina's 14th congressional district|14th]]||[[Jeff Jackson (politician)|Jeff Jackson]] || [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] || 2025 |} ===Courts of law=== North Carolina has a unified statewide and state-operated court system, called the General Court of Justice. It consists of three divisions: appellate courts, superior courts, and district courts. In Gaston County, there is also a small claims Court. [[Small claims court]] handles civil cases where a plaintiff requests assignment to a magistrate and the amount in controversy is $5,000 or less. There is no jury and usually no lawyers. A person who loses in small claims court may appeal for a trial by jury before a judge in district court. Magistrates are appointed for two-year terms by the senior resident superior court judge upon nomination of the clerk of superior court.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nccourts.org/County/Gaston/Default.asp |title=Welcome to Gaston County - District 27A |website=Nccourts.org |access-date=July 29, 2017 |archive-date=August 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808115815/http://www.nccourts.org/County/Gaston/Default.asp |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Politics=== {{PresHead|place=Gaston County, North Carolina|source=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|website=Uselectionatlas.org|access-date=July 29, 2017|archive-date=March 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323225526/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|url-status=live}}</ref>}} <!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} --> {{PresRow|2024|Republican|73,828|44,062|1,366|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|2020|Republican|73,033|40,959|1,506|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|2016|Republican|61,798|31,177|3,456|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|2012|Republican|56,138|33,171|1,174|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|2008|Republican|52,507|31,384|511|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|2004|Republican|43,252|20,254|249|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|2000|Republican|39,453|19,281|445|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1996|Republican|33,149|19,458|4,132|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1992|Republican|34,714|19,121|7,600|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1988|Republican|34,775|14,582|94|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1984|Republican|39,167|14,142|83|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1980|Republican|25,139|19,016|1,049|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1976|Democratic|19,727|22,878|159|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1972|Republican|27,956|8,462|483|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1968|Republican|18,741|10,100|13,973|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1964|Democratic|17,129|20,197|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1960|Republican|21,250|20,104|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1956|Republican|18,159|15,671|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1952|Republican|19,157|17,781|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1948|Democratic|6,180|8,966|3,822|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1944|Democratic|6,023|13,744|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1940|Democratic|4,294|17,262|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1936|Democratic|4,772|17,555|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1932|Democratic|5,164|12,890|157|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1928|Republican|9,702|6,702|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1924|Democratic|3,566|6,554|82|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1920|Democratic|5,803|7,148|0|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1916|Democratic|2,542|3,019|11|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1912|Democratic|244|2,333|1,347|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1908|Democratic|1,970|2,398|40|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1904|Democratic|896|1,958|25|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1900|Democratic|1,626|1,931|58|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1896|Democratic|1,625|2,069|33|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1892|Democratic|1,173|1,616|418|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1888|Democratic|1,260|1,589|88|North Carolina}} {{PresRow|1884|Democratic|978|1,356|25|North Carolina}} {{PresFoot|1880|Republican|1,139|1,107|1|North Carolina}} In recent years, voters in most of the county have favored Republicans, though Democrats retain some electoral strength in the city of Gastonia.{{sfn|McCorkle|Salzberg|2022|pp=15, 37}} ==Transportation and infrastructure== ===Major highways=== {{div col|colwidth=18em}} * {{Jct|state=NC|I|85}} * {{Jct|state=NC|US|29}} * {{Jct|state=NC|US|74}} * {{Jct|state=NC|US-Bus|74|dab1=Kings Mountain}} * {{Jct|state=NC|US|321}} * {{Jct|state=NC|US-Bus|321|dab1=Dallas–Hickory}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|7}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|16}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC-Bus|16|dab1=Lowesville–Denver}} ([[North Carolina Highway 16#Lowesville–Denver business loop|Business route]]) * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|27}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|150}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|161}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|216}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|273}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|274}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|275}} * {{Jct|state=NC|NC|279}} {{div col end}} ===Rail service=== Gaston County is served by [[Amtrak]], with a stop in [[Gastonia station|Gastonia]]. Freight rail service is provided by the [[Norfolk Southern Railway]], [[CSX]] and [[Patriot Rail Corporation|Patriot Rail]]. The Norfork Southern main line passes from west to east across the county, passing through [[Kings Mountain, North Carolina|Kings Mountain]], [[Bessemer City, North Carolina|Bessemer City]], Gastonia, Ranlo, Lowell, Cramerton and [[Belmont, North Carolina|Belmont]]. From Gastonia, a branch line leads south to [[Crowders, North Carolina|Crowders]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=System Maps, Directories & Schedules|url=http://www.nscorp.com/content/nscorp/en.html|access-date=November 25, 2020|website=Norfolk Southern|archive-date=November 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125194653/http://nscorp.com/content/nscorp/en.html|url-status=live}}</ref> CSX rail lines pass through the northwestern and northeastern corners of Gaston County. In the northwest, a line between [[Lincolnton, North Carolina|Lincolnton]] and [[Shelby, North Carolina|Shelby]] passes through [[Cherryville, North Carolina|Cherryville]]. In the northeast, a line between [[Lincolnton, North Carolina|Lincolnton]] and [[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]] passes through [[Stanley, North Carolina|Stanley]] and [[Mount Holly, North Carolina|Mount Holly]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=CSX.com - CSX System Map|url=https://www.csx.com/index.cfm/customers/maps/csx-system-map/|access-date=November 25, 2020|website=www.csx.com|language=en|archive-date=September 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911193103/https://www.csx.com/index.cfm/customers/maps/csx-system-map/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Progressive Rail, Inc.|Progressive Rail]] operates state-owned trackage between Gastonia and Mount Holly with a spur extending to Belmont.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Michael |title=P&N Railway between Gastonia and Mount Holly under new management |url=https://www.gastongazette.com/story/business/2017/07/13/gastons-beleaguered-pampn-railway-under-new-management/20267144007/ |access-date=April 11, 2022 |website=Gaston Gazette |language=en-US |archive-date=June 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623104134/https://www.gastongazette.com/story/business/2017/07/13/gastons-beleaguered-pampn-railway-under-new-management/20267144007/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Airports=== [[Charlotte-Douglas International Airport]] is a major, full-service airport with passenger flights. It is across the [[Catawba River]] in [[Mecklenburg County, North Carolina|Mecklenburg County]] in [[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]]. The city of [[Gastonia, North Carolina|Gastonia]] owns and operates [[Gastonia Municipal Airport]], which is a general aviation airport with a single runway, Runway 3/21, an asphalt runway that is 3,779 feet in length.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gcr1.com/5010web/REPORTS/AKH.pdf|title=Airport Master Record, Gastonia Municipal Airport, Federal Aviation Administration|date=October 9, 2012|website=WayBack Machine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009011308/http://www.gcr1.com/5010web/REPORTS/AKH.pdf|archive-date=October 9, 2012|url-status=dead|access-date=March 15, 2018}}</ref> ==Economy== [[Piedmont Lithium]] is a mining company currently in the process of [[mineral determination|proving]] economic mineral recovery of [[lithium]] in Gaston County. After five years of [[surface rock|surface]] [[prospecting]], the company began drilling many sample cores in 2021 across {{cvt|2300|acre}} of land it owns or has [[mineral rights]] to the county [[mineral determination|proving]] economic viability of mining lithium for the boom in battery demand to support [[electric vehicle]] and other uses.<ref name=wsj20210309>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/americas-battery-powered-car-hopes-ride-on-lithium-one-producer-paves-the-way-11615311932 |title=America's Battery-Powered Car Hopes Ride on Lithium. One Producer Paves the Way |date=March 9, 2021 |access-date=March 13, 2021 |last1=Patterson|first1=Scott |last2=Ramkumar|first2=Amrith |work=[[Wall Street Journal]] |archive-date=March 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312162240/https://www.wsj.com/articles/americas-battery-powered-car-hopes-ride-on-lithium-one-producer-paves-the-way-11615311932 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Education== Public education in Gaston County is administered by the [[Gaston County Schools]] public school system. The system is governed by the nine-member Gaston County Board of Education which sets policy and establishes guidelines for school operations. Board members are elected on a nonpartisan, county wide basis, with seven representatives chosen from the six townships and two members selected at-large.<ref>{{cite web|title=About the Board|url=http://www.gaston.k12.nc.us/community/Pages/BOE.aspx|publisher=Gaston County Schools|access-date=February 21, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531015150/http://www.gaston.k12.nc.us/community/Pages/BOE.aspx|archive-date=May 31, 2012}}</ref> Gaston County Schools has 54 public schools, including 9 high schools, 11 middle schools, 32 elementary schools, one alternative school (middle and high school age), and one separate school (Webb Street School in Gastonia) serving students ages 3 to 22 with moderate to severe disabilities. Gaston County has four [[charter school]]s: Community Public Charter School (K-7) in Stanley, Ridgeview Charter School (K–4) in Gastonia, Piedmont Community Charter School (K–12) in Gastonia, and Mountain Island Charter School (K–12) in Mount Holly.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gaston County|url=http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/charterschools/schools/counties/county?countyName=Gaston|work=Office of Charter Schools|publisher=NC Dept. of Public Instruction|access-date=February 21, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081026124218/http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/charterschools/schools/counties/county?countyName=Gaston|archive-date=October 26, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are two colleges in Gaston County. [[Gaston College]] is a [[community college]] located in [[Dallas, North Carolina|Dallas]] offering associate degree, Certificate, and Diploma programs. [[Belmont Abbey College]] is a [[Roman Catholic]] Liberal Arts College located in [[Belmont, North Carolina|Belmont]]. The [http://gastonlibrary.org Gaston County Public Library] has [http://gastonlibrary.org/index.cfm/about-us/locations-and-hours/ 10 branches] spread throughout the county. ==Natural heritage== Gaston County's most significant natural heritage sites are distributed across the county. They range from Crowders Mountain in the southwest corner to sites east of Stanley and at the mouth of the South Fork Catawba River. Gaston County has twelve natural heritage sites listed as being of state or regional significance. Six of these are listed because of the presence of the [[bigleaf magnolia]] (''Magnolia macrophylla''). This magnificent plant has the largest simple leaf of any species in the temperate world, and one of the largest flowers. Of the 34 known sites containing bigleaf magnolias in North Carolina, 29 are in Gaston County.<ref>{{Cite book |last=May |first=Alan |title=Natural heritage inventory of Gaston County, N.C. |date=December 2000 |publisher=N.C. Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, Dept. of Environment and Natural Resources |location=Raleigh, N.C. |pages=Whole Book |language=English}}</ref> Two sites are important because they provide habitat for the [[bog turtle]] (''Glyptemys muhlenbergii''). The bog turtle is the single most significant rare animal species surviving in Gaston County.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2018 |title=Catawba Lands Conservancy to Protect More of a Region's Rare Habitat |url=https://catawbalands.org/catawba-lands-conservancy-protect-regions-rare-habitat/ |access-date=June 1, 2022 |website=Catawba Lands Conservancy |language=en-US |archive-date=March 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307061249/https://catawbalands.org/catawba-lands-conservancy-protect-regions-rare-habitat/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Crowders Mountain State Park]] is the largest natural heritage site in the county. It covers over {{convert|3000|acre|km2}} of topographically, botanically, and zoologically diverse land. Six natural plant communities are found in the park, and the area supports a diversity of wildlife species. Some animals documented in the park have not been documented elsewhere in the county. A second natural heritage site, Pinnacle Road, has recently been incorporated into the park. This site is most significant for the occurrence of dwarf juniper (''[[Juniperus communis]]'') along its ridgeline.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ecology {{!}} NC State Parks |url=https://www.ncparks.gov/crowders-mountain-state-park/ecology |access-date=June 1, 2022 |website=www.ncparks.gov |archive-date=May 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516195057/https://www.ncparks.gov/crowders-mountain-state-park/ecology |url-status=live }}</ref> The Stagecoach Road site is the largest and best preserved [[Granite|granitic]] outcrop in the county. Its thin soils are dominated by [[hickory]] species and it is also home to several smaller species such as ''[[Talinum]] teretifolium'' (fame flower), ''[[Sedum smallii]]'' (syn. ''Diamorpha smallii'', Small's sedum), and ''[[Hypericum gentianoides]]'' (pineweed) that are found only in this type of habitat. A farm site contains an old growth forest dominated by beech, yellow poplar, oaks, and maples - some trees with diameters of nearly {{convert|3|ft|m}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gaston.ces.ncsu.edu/files/library/36/Environmental%20Report%20Card%20Final.doc|format=DOC |title=Gaston County: 2003 Environmental Report Card|website=Ces.ncsu.edu |access-date=July 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224039/http://gaston.ces.ncsu.edu/files/library/36/Environmental%20Report%20Card%20Final.doc|archive-date=March 3, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Another 25 sites are listed as being of local significance. Two of these are home to extremely rare plants. Catawba Cove, near the Daniel Stowe Botanical Garden, supports a stand of [[Schweinitz's sunflower]] (''Helianthus schweinitzii''), a federally endangered species. The Armstrong Ford site near [[Belmont, North Carolina|Belmont]] is the only place in western North Carolina (and one of only two sites in the state) where magnolia vine (''[[Schisandra glabra]]'') has been found.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/gaston/Environment/QNRC.brochure.final.pdf |title=The Natural Heritage of Gaston County|date=May 25, 2006|website=WayBack Machine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060525125411/http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/gaston/Environment/QNRC.brochure.final.pdf|archive-date=May 25, 2006|url-status=dead |access-date=March 15, 2018}}</ref> ==Points of interest== The [[Hoyle Historic Homestead]], with notable German-American construction features, is the oldest extant structure in Gaston County. Located on the Dallas-Stanley Highway above the South Fork Catawba River, it was built around 1760 and is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]. The [[Daniel Stowe Conservancy]] covers {{convert|380|acre|km2}} in the South Point area of Gaston County, on South New Hope Road. The Gaston County Museum is located in the town of [[Dallas, North Carolina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gastoncountymuseum.org/|title=Home|website=Gaston County Museum|access-date=February 18, 2022|archive-date=December 31, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231050445/http://gastoncountymuseum.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Schiele Museum of Natural History]] is a science museum and planetarium located in Gastonia that features both permanent and touring exhibits.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.schielemuseum.org/|title=Home|website=Schiele Museum|access-date=February 18, 2022|archive-date=August 22, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822011913/http://www.schielemuseum.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Crowder's Mountain State Park]] is noted for its resident raptors and sheer vertical cliffs which drop {{convert|150|ft|m}}. From Crowders Mountain, the highest point in Gaston County, views stretch for more than {{convert|20|mi|km}}. The [[U.S. National Whitewater Center]] is a recreation and training facility. Set among {{convert|1300|acre|km2}} of wooded land along the Catawba River, the multiuse facility has a climbing center, mountain-biking trails and running trails. Christmas Town USA - [[McAdenville, North Carolina]] - Each December, hundreds of thousands of twinkling lights turn this small mill town into a spectacular holiday display. Visitors stroll down Main Street surrounded by the sights and sounds of Christmas. [[Spencer Mountain, North Carolina|Spencer Mountain]], which is located in central Gaston County, is the site of the old [[WBTV]] television transmitter. It was from this site that the first commercial television signal in North Carolina was broadcast, when WBTV signed on the air in 1949. The tower remains on the mountain today, but is no longer in use as WBTV's primary transmitter. It is used by NWS for its [[NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards|NOAA Weather Radio]] transmission signal. ==Communities== [[File:Map of Gaston County North Carolina With Municipal and Township Labels.PNG|thumb|350px|Map of Gaston County with municipal and township labels]] ===Cities=== * [[Belmont, North Carolina|Belmont]] * [[Bessemer City, North Carolina|Bessemer City]] * [[Cherryville, North Carolina|Cherryville]] * [[Gastonia, North Carolina|Gastonia]] (county seat and largest community) * [[Kings Mountain, North Carolina|Kings Mountain]] (mostly in Cleveland County) * [[Lowell, North Carolina|Lowell]] * [[Mount Holly, North Carolina|Mount Holly]] ===Towns=== {{div col}} * [[Cramerton, North Carolina|Cramerton]] * [[Dallas, North Carolina|Dallas]] * [[Dellview, North Carolina|Dellview]] (inactive) * [[High Shoals, North Carolina|High Shoals]] * [[McAdenville, North Carolina|McAdenville]] * [[Ranlo, North Carolina|Ranlo]] * [[Spencer Mountain, North Carolina|Spencer Mountain]] * [[Stanley, North Carolina|Stanley]] {{div col end}} ===Townships=== Townships are administrative divisions of unincorporated county land and do not have any government function. {{div col}} * [[Cherryville Township, Gaston County, North Carolina|Cherryville]] * [[Crowders Mountain Township, Gaston County, North Carolina|Crowders Mountain]] * [[Dallas Township, Gaston County, North Carolina|Dallas]] * [[Gastonia Township, Gaston County, North Carolina|Gastonia]] * [[Riverbend Township, Gaston County, North Carolina|Riverbend]] * [[South Point Township, Gaston County, North Carolina|South Point]] {{div col end}} === Census-designated places === * [[Alexis, North Carolina|Alexis]] * [[Springdale, North Carolina|Springdale]] ===Unincorporated communities=== {{div col}} * [[Ashebrook Park, North Carolina|Ashebrook Park]] * [[Boogertown, North Carolina|Boogertown]] * [[Brown Town, North Carolina|Brown Town]] * [[Crowders, North Carolina|Crowders]] * [[Hardins, North Carolina|Hardins]] * [[Lucia, North Carolina|Lucia]] * [[Mountain Island, North Carolina|Mountain Island]] * [[Tryon, Gaston County, North Carolina|Tryon]] {{div col end}} ==See also== * [[List of counties in North Carolina]] * [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Gaston County, North Carolina]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Works cited== * {{Citation| last = McCorkle| first = Mac| last2 = Salzberg| first2 = Rachel| title = The Democrats’ Countrypolitan Problem in North Carolina: Progressive Challenge and Opportunity | publisher = Duke University Polis: Center for Politics| date = January 2022| url = https://polis.duke.edu/the-democrats-countrypolitan-problem/}} ==Further reading== * {{citation |title=Branson's North Carolina Business Directory...1867-68 |chapter-url= https://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101065143529?urlappend=%3Bseq=90%3Bownerid=27021597767156923-94 |page= 45 |chapter= Gaston County |via= [[hathitrust.org]] }} * {{citation |title=Branson's North Carolina Business Directory 1896 |chapter-url= https://archive.org/details/bransonsnorthcar1896bran/page/284/mode/2up |page= 284 |chapter= Gaston County |via= [[archive.org]] }} * {{citation |chapter-url= https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nc01.ark:/13960/t2r49km5g&seq=248&view=2up |chapter= Gaston County |title=North Carolina Year Book and Business Directory, 1916 |publisher=News and Observer Publishing Company |location= Raleigh, N.C. |via= hathitrust.org }} ==External links== {{Commons category}} * {{osmrelation|2528701}} * {{official website|http://www.gastongov.com}} * [http://www.gastonchamber.com/ Gaston Regional Chamber of Commerce] * [http://www.gaston.k12.nc.us/ Gaston County Schools official website] * [http://www.ncgenweb.us/gaston/ NCGenWeb Gaston County], genealogy resources for the county {{Geographic location |Centre = Gaston County, North Carolina |North = [[Lincoln County, North Carolina|Lincoln County]] |Northeast = |East = [[Mecklenburg County, North Carolina|Mecklenburg County]] |Southeast = |South = [[York County, South Carolina]] |Southwest = |West = [[Cleveland County, North Carolina|Cleveland County]] |Northwest = }} {{Gaston County, North Carolina}} {{Charlotte/Metrolina}} {{North Carolina}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Gaston County, North Carolina| ]] [[Category:Charlotte metropolitan area]] [[Category:1846 establishments in North Carolina]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1846]]
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