Editing Garvin, Oklahoma

{{Distinguish|Garvin County, Oklahoma}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Garvin, Oklahoma
|settlement_type          = [[Town]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Garvin, Oklahoma.jpg
|image_caption            = 
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = OKMap-doton-Garvin.PNG
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Garvin, Oklahoma

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Oklahoma]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Oklahoma|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[McCurtain County, Oklahoma|McCurtain]]

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|unit_pref  = Imperial
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|area_total_km2           = 4.93
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<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 177
|population_density_km2   = 35.95
|population_density_sq_mi = 93.11

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|utc_offset               = -6
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|elevation_ft             = 502
|coordinates              = {{coord|33|57|22|N|94|56|09|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 74736
|area_code                = [[Area code 580|580]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 40-2870<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2412671<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2412671}}</ref>
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'''Garvin''' is a town in [[McCurtain County, Oklahoma|McCurtain County]], [[Oklahoma]], United States. The population was 256 at the 2010 census, compared to 143 in 2000.<ref name="EOHC-Garvin">[http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=GA016 Coleman, Louis. "Garvin." ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''.] Accessed October 4, 2016.</ref>

==History==
Garvin began as a trading post in the Choctaw Nation, approximately {{convert|1.5|miles|km}} southeast of the present community bearing the same name. A post office named Garvin was established at the trading post on February 19, 1894. James W. Kirk, owner of the trading post, was the first postmaster, and chose to name the post office "Garvin," after his father-in-law, Isaac L. Garvin, who had been chief of the Choctaw Nation from 1878 to 1880.<ref name="EOHC-Garvin"/>

At the time of its founding, Garvin was located in [[Bok Tuklo, Choctaw Nation|Bok Tuklo County]], a part of the [[Apukshunnubbee District]] of the [[Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma|Choctaw Nation]].

In 1902, the Choctaw Land Commission selected a new site along the railroad that was being constructed across what would become [[McCurtain County, Oklahoma]]. The {{convert|126| acre|km2}} site, which would reclaim the name Garvin, was halfway between [[Valliant, Oklahoma|Valliant]] and Purnell (later renamed [[Idabel, Oklahoma|Idabel]]). The new Garvin began to develop rapidly. The first newspaper to serve that part of the country was the ''Garvin Graphic'', which began publishing in 1903. A school opened in September 1904, with an enrollment of 50 students. A cotton gin began operation in the same year. In 1905, Garvin had a telephone system. Garvin had a population of 800 in 1906, 15 stores had opened by then and several professional people (e.g., doctors and lawyers) had established practices.<ref name="EOHC-Garvin"/>

Statehood had caused the dissolution of the Choctaw Nation as a political entity, replaced by the creation of several counties of the new state of Oklahoma. Garvin fell within the boundaries of [[McCurtain County, Oklahoma|McCurtain County]]. Idabel was chosen as the county seat, although Garvin then had the larger population. Its economic base was forest products, because of the dense forests in its vicinity. The town had several [[wood processing]] businesses, creating job opportunities. There was a large sawmill, a veneering plant, a barrel hoop plant and a barrel stave plant. Whole logs could be shipped to other markets over several miles of a tramway that led south toward the [[Red River of the South|Red River]]. Garvin's population rose to a peak of 957 in 1910, then dropped to only 293 at the 1920 census.{{efn|The steep decline between 1910 and 1920 largely resulted from the heavy use of nearby forests. Agriculture, especially cotton farming, supplanted wood products, as a primary source of jobs around Garvin. The [[Great Depression in the United States|Great Depression]] added further economic woes. Many of the former Garvin residents moved to Idabel seeking work.<ref name="EOHC-Garvin"/>}} Garvin never regained its previous growth.  Meanwhile, its local rival, Idabel had surged ahead to a 1910 population of 1,493 and continued growth, with a total of 3,067 residents in 1920.<ref name="EOHC-Garvin"/>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], this town has a total area of {{convert|0.3|sqmi|km2}}, all land. It is also approximately {{convert|1.5|miles|km}} south of Little River.<ref name="EOHC-Garvin"/>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 957
|1920= 293
|1930= 263
|1940= 170
|1950= 155
|1960= 109
|1970= 117
|1980= 162
|1990= 128
|2000= 143
|2010= 256
|2020= 177
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 143 people, 53 households, and 39 families residing in this town. The population density was {{convert|471.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 57 housing units at an average density of {{convert|187.8|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 88.11% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 9.09% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 2.80% from two or more races.

There were 53 households, out of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 33.6% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $29,375, and the median income for a family was $30,833. Males had a median income of $23,125 versus $19,375 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $11,633. There were 8.3% of families and 10.0% of the population living below the [[poverty line]], including 16.3% of under eighteens and 27.3% of those over 64.

==Notable people==
* [[Blanche Barrow]], born Bennie Caldwell, was married to [[Buck Barrow]], who was the brother of Clyde, of the [[Bonnie and Clyde]].
* [[Jack Ridley (pilot)|Jack Ridley]] was an aeronautical engineer, USAF test pilot and chief of the U.S. Air Force's Flight Test Engineering Laboratory.

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=GA016 ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'' - Garvin]

{{McCurtain County, Oklahoma}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places established in 1894]]
[[Category:Towns in McCurtain County, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Towns in Oklahoma]]