Editing Garland, Texas

{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Garland
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| image_skyline      = Downtown Garland.jpg
| image_caption      = Downtown
| image_blank_emblem = GarlandLogo.png
| blank_emblem_size  = 250px
| motto              = Texas Made Here<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/|title= City of Garland Texas|publisher= City of Garland Texas|access-date= October 19, 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121031101732/http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/|archive-date= October 31, 2012|url-status= dead}}</ref>
| image_map          = Dallas County Texas Incorporated Areas Garland highighted.svg
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location within Dallas County
| pushpin_map        = Texas#USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Texas##Location within the United States
| pushpin_label      = Garland
| pushpin_relief     = 1
<!-- Location -->| coordinates        = {{coord|32|54|26|N|96|38|7|W|type:city_region:US-TX|display=it}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[United States]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas]], [[Collin County, Texas|Collin]], [[Rockwall County, Texas|Rockwall]]
<!-- Government -->| established_title  = Incorporated
| established_date   = 1891<ref name="Garland, TX">{{cite web|title=Garland, TX|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hdg02|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|access-date=January 8, 2012}}</ref>
| government_type    = [[Council-Manager]]
| leader_title       = [[City Council]]
| leader_title1      = [[City Manager]]
<!-- Area -->| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 148.29
| area_total_sq_mi   = 57.25
| area_land_km2      = 147.97
| area_land_sq_mi    = 57.13
| area_water_km2     = 0.31
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.12
<!-- Population -->| population_total   = 246018
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_rank    = US: [[List of United States cities by population|93rd]]<br>TX: [[List of municipalities in Texas|13th]]
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
<!-- General information -->| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft       = 551
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]s
| postal_code        = 75040-75049
| area_code          = [[Area codes 214, 469, 972, and 945|214, 469, 945, 972]]
| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset         = &minus;6
| timezone_DST       = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset_DST     = &minus;5
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 48-29000<ref name=gr2>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2410572<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410572}}</ref>
| website            = {{URL|www.garlandtx.gov|garlandtx.gov}}
| footnotes          = 
}}

'''Garland''' is a city in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Texas]], located within [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]] with portions extending into [[Collin County, Texas|Collin]] and [[Rockwall County, Texas|Rockwall]] counties. It is located northeast of [[Dallas]] and is a part of the [[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex]]. In 2020, it had a population of 246,018, making it the [[List of United States cities by population|93rd-most populous]] city in the [[United States]] and the [[List of cities in Texas by population|13th-most populous]] city in Texas. Garland is the third largest city in Dallas County by population and has access to downtown [[Dallas]] via [[public transport]]ation including two [[Blue Line (DART)|DART Blue Line]] stations and buses. It as known worldwide as the birthplace of [[Wingstop]], which first opened in 1994 and still operates to this day. 

==History==
{{For timeline}}
Immigrants began arriving in the [[Peter's Colony|Peters colony]] area around 1850, but a community was not created until 1874. Two communities sprang up in the area: Embree, named for physician K. H. Embree, and [[Duck Creek, Garland, Texas|Duck Creek]], named for the local creek of the same name. A rivalry between the two towns ensued as the area began to grow around the [[BNSF Railway|Santa Fe Railroad]] depot.

Eventually, to settle a dispute regarding which town should have the local post office, Dallas County Judge Thomas F. Nash asked visiting Congressman [[Joseph Abbott (Texas politician)|Joe Abbott]] to move the post office between the two towns.<ref>{{cite web |title=Thomas Nash Helped Mediate Duck Creek-Embree Dispute |url=https://www.garlandhistorical.org/online-resources/45-articles/individuals-and-families/131-thomas-nash-helped-mediate-duck-creek-embree-dispute |website=The Garland Landmark Society, Inc |access-date=18 January 2025}}</ref> The move was completed in 1887. The new location was named Garland after [[United States Attorney General|U.S. Attorney General]] [[Augustus Hill Garland]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maxwell |first1=Lisa C. |title=Duck Creek, TX |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/duck-creek-tx |website=Handbook of Texas |publisher=Texas State Historical Association |access-date=18 January 2025}}</ref>

Soon after, the towns of Embree and Duck Creek were combined, and the three areas combined to form the city of Garland, which was incorporated in 1891. By 1904, the town had a population of 819 people.<ref name="Garland, TX" />

In 1920, local businessmen financed a new electrical generator plant (sold by [[Fairbanks-Morse]]) for the town. This later led to the formation of Garland Power and Light, the municipal electric provider that still powers the city today.<ref name="Garland, TX"/><ref>{{cite web|title=A Brief History of Garland|url=http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/General+Information/Garland+History/|publisher=City of Garland-|access-date=January 8, 2012|archive-date=February 20, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220234538/http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/General+Information/Garland+History/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On [[Tornado outbreak of May 1927|May 9, 1927]], a devastating [[Fujita scale|F4]] [[tornado]] struck the town and killed 15 people,<ref>{{cite book|last=Grazulis|first=Thomas P.|title=Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991: A Chronology and Analysis of Events|year=1993|publisher=Environmental Films|location=St. Johnsbury, Vermont|isbn=1-879362-03-1|pages=808–811}}</ref> including the former mayor, S. E. Nicholson.

Businesses began to move back into the area in the late 1930s. The Craddock food company and later the Byer-Rolnick hat factory (now owned by [[Resistol]]) moved into the area. In 1937, [[KRLD (AM)|KRLD]], a major Dallas radio station, built its radio antenna tower in Garland, and it is operational to this day.

During [[World War II]], several aircraft plants were operated in the area, and the [[Kraft Foods]] company purchased a vacant one after the war for its own use. By 1950, the population of Garland exceeded 10,000 people.<ref name="Garland, TX" /> From 1950 to 1954, though, the Dallas/Garland area suffered from a serious and extended [[drought]], so to supplement the water provided by wells, Garland began using the water from the nearby [[Lake Lavon]].

The suburban population boom that the whole country experienced after World War II also reached Garland by 1960, when the population nearly quadrupled from the 1950 figure to about 38,500. By 1970, the population had doubled to about 81,500. By 1980, the population reached 138,850.<ref name="Garland, TX" /> [[Charles Matthews (Texas politician)|Charles R. Matthews]] served as mayor in the 1980s; he was later a member of the elected [[Texas Railroad Commission]].

In the 2000s, Garland added several notable developments, mostly in the northern portion of the city. [[Hawaiian Falls Garland|Hawaiian Falls]] [[waterpark]] opened in 2003. (Garland formerly had a Wet 'n Wild waterpark, which closed in 1993). The [[Garland Independent School District]]'s [[Curtis Culwell Center]] (formerly called the Special Events Center),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.specialeventscenter.com/|title=Curtis Culwell Center|work=specialeventscenter.com|access-date=May 4, 2015}}</ref> an arena and conference facility, opened in 2005.

Later that year, [[Firewheel Town Center]], a Main Street-style outdoor mall, owned by [[Simon Property Group]], opened in October 2005. It has over 100 business and includes an AMC theater. In 2009, the city, in conjunction with developer [[Trammell Crow Company]], finished a public/private partnership to develop the old parking lot (the land between 5th Street, 6th Street, and on the north side of Austin Street) into a new [[mixed-use]], [[transit-oriented development]] named 5th Street Crossing. Cater-corner to both City Hall and the downtown [[Dallas Area Rapid Transit|DART]] Rail station, the project consists of 189 residential apartment units, {{convert|11000|sqft}} of flex retail, and six live-work units.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jhparch.com/onesheets/w_5th_Street_Crossing.pdf|title=JHP - Architecture & Urban Design|website=Jhparch.com|date=August 12, 2016|access-date=August 27, 2017}}</ref>

On May 3, 2015, the [[Curtis Culwell Center attack]] took place in Garland. The attack ended in a shootout with police guarding the event and the deaths of the two perpetrators.

The southeast side of Garland suffered a major blow on the night of [[December 2015 North American storm complex|December 26, 2015]], after [[2015 Garland tornado|a large EF4 tornado struck the area]], moving north from Sunnyvale. Nine fatalities were confirmed in the city from this event.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/weather/2015/12/27/severe-weather-tornadoes-texas-south/77939562/|title= Texas under siege: Tornadoes, flooding, snow and ice|publisher=USAToday|access-date=December 27, 2015}}</ref> Exactly 6 years later, [[2021 Garland shooting|a mass shooting]] took place at a convenience store in Garland, resulting in the deaths of 3 people.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-28 |title=Suspect arrested after Texas convenience store shooting that killed 3 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/three-dead-one-critical-garland-texas-convenience-store-shooting-rcna10034 |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Keller |first=Alex |date=2023-02-10 |title=Father of Texas teen accused in triple murder found guilty of capital murder for driving getaway car |url=https://www.kwtx.com/2023/02/10/father-texas-teen-accused-triple-murder-found-guilty-capital-murder-driving-getaway-car/ |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=KWTX |language=en}}</ref>

==Geography==

{{climate chart
|Garland, Texas
|31|53|2.26
|36|59|2.76
|43|67|3.32
|51|75|3.64
|60|82|5.27
|67|90|4.12
|71|94|2.20
|71|94|1.86
|64|88|3.27
|53|78|4.61
|42|65|3.40
|34|56|3.35
|source=Weather.com / NWS
|float=right
|clear=right
|units=imperial
}}

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 57.1&nbsp;sq mi (147.9&nbsp;km{{sup|2}}), all land.

===Neighborhoods and historical communities===
* Buckingham North
* [[Duck Creek, Garland, Texas|Duck Creek]]
* [[Centerville, Garland, Texas|Centerville]]
* Club Hill
* Eastern Hills
* [[Embree, Garland, Texas|Embree]]
* [[Firewheel, Garland, Texas|Firewheel]]
* Oaks
* [[Rose Hill, Garland, Texas|Rose Hill]]
* Spring Park
* Travis College Hill Addition<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.garlandtx.gov/news/displaynews.asp?NewsID=592&TargetID=34|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113114855/https://www.garlandtx.gov/news/displaynews.asp?NewsID=592&TargetID=34|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 13, 2016|title=Garland Texas - News Details|website=Garlandtx.gov|access-date=November 13, 2016}}</ref>
* Valley Creek<!-- * [[West Garland, Garland, Texas|Border of Richardson and Dallas]] -->*
* The 5
* Oakridge
* Brentwood Place
* Brentwood Village

===Climate===
Garland is part of the [[humid subtropical]] region. The average warmest month is July, with the highest recorded temperature being {{convert|111|°F|°C|abbr=on}} in 2000. Typically, the coolest month is January, when the lowest recorded temperature was {{convert|-3|°F|°C}} in 1989. The maximum average precipitation occurs in May.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1890 = 478
| 1900 = 819
| 1910 = 804
| 1920 = 1421
| 1930 = 1584
| 1940 = 2233
| 1950 = 10571
| 1960 = 38501
| 1970 = 81437
| 1980 = 138857
| 1990 = 180650
| 2000 = 215768
| 2010 = 226876
| 2020 = 246018
| estyear = 2023
| estimate = 243470
| align-fn = center
| footnote = [https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]<br />[http://www.texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/CityPopHist%20web.pdf Texas Almanac: 1850–2000]<br />[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/garlandcitytexas/POP010220 2020 population]
}}

<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2023 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=Census.gov |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Garland city, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Garland city, Texas |url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=160XX00US4829000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Garland city, Texas |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4829000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Garland city, Texas |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4829000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|114,985
|83,259
|style='background: #ffffe6; |67,190
|53.29%
|36.70%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |27.31%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|25,326
|32,164
|style='background: #ffffe6; |36,327
|11.74%
|14.18%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |14.77%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|887
|789
|style='background: #ffffe6; |619
|0.41%
|0.35%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.25%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|15,695
|21,162
|style='background: #ffffe6; |29,221
|7.27%
|9.33%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |11.88%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|108
|65
|style='background: #ffffe6; |78
|0.05%
|0.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.03%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other Race]] alone (NH)
|270
|308
|style='background: #ffffe6; |941
|0.13%
|0.14%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.38%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|3,305
|3,345
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6,697
|1.53%
|1.47%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.72%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|55,192
|85,784
|style='background: #ffffe6; |104,945
|25.58%
|37.81%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |42.66%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''215,768'''
|'''226,876'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''246,018'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

According to the [[2020 United States census]], there were 246,018 people, 75,886 households, and 56,868 families residing in the city, up from 226,876 people, 75,696 households, and 56,272 families residing in the city at the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]]. The [[population density]] was 3,973.3 people/sq mi (1,534.1/km{{sup|2}}). The 80,834 housing units averaged 1,415.7/sq mi (546.5/km{{sup|2}}). The 2019 census estimates placed the population at 239,928.

Of the 75,696 households in 2010, 36.9% had children under 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.7% were not families. About 20.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.99, and the average family size was 3.48.<ref name="Census 2010" />

At the 2018 [[American Community Survey]], 25.9% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them and the median age was 34.1<ref name=":1" /> Of the adult population, 48.1% were male and 51.9% were female. The average household size was 3.25 and the average family size was 3.71.<ref name=":0" /> Roughly 0.3% of households in Garland were same-sex, unmarried-partner households and 5.3% opposite-sex, unmarried-partner households.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]]'s 2007–2011 American Community Survey, the median income for a household in the city was $52,441, and for a family was $57,293. Males had a median income of $36,041 versus $33,950 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $20,000. About 11.1% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 21.7% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics, 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=June 24, 2013 }}</ref> The median income for a household in Garland as of 2018 was $60,374.<ref>{{cite web|title=American Community Survey 2018 Financial Characteristic Estimates|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Garland%20city,%20Texas%20income&tid=ACSST1Y2018.S2503&hidePreview=false|access-date=2020-10-29|website=data.census.gov}}</ref> In 2018, an estimated 242,402 people, 74,489 households,<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=American Community Survey 2018 Households and Families Estimates|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Garland%20city,%20Texas%20household&tid=ACSST1Y2018.S1101&hidePreview=false|access-date=2020-10-29|website=data.census.gov}}</ref> and 77,626 housing units were in the city.

In the city, the population was distributed as 28.5% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 24.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older at the [[2010 United States census]]. The median age was 33.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.<ref name="Census 2010" />

=== Race and ethnicity ===
The [[Race (United States Census)|racial and ethnic makeup]] of the city was 57.5% White, 14.5% African American, 0.8% Native American, 9.4% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 14.4% some other race, and 3.3% from two or more races in 2010. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 37.8% of the population.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Garland city, Texas |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 12, 2012 }}</ref> Non-Hispanic whites were 36.7% of the population,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4829000.html |title=Garland (city), Texas |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> down from 86.5% in 1980.<ref>{{cite web |title=Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 }}</ref> Following continued trends of diversification, the racial and ethnic makeup at 2018's census estimates were 27% [[Non-Hispanic whites|non-Hispanic White]], 14% [[African Americans|African American]], 0.7% [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian or Alaska Native]], 12.4% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 0.5% some other race, 1.7% [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]], and 43.2% [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino American]] of any race.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=American Community Survey 2018 Demographic and Housing Estimates|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Garland%20city,%20Texas%20demographic%20and%20housing&tid=ACSDP1Y2018.DP05&hidePreview=false|access-date=2020-10-29|website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Within the local Hispanic or Latino demographic, the largest nationality were [[Mexican Americans]] (34.2%). [[Puerto Ricans]] made up the second largest single Latin group (0.5%) followed by 42 [[Cuban Americans]] and 8.5% other Hispanic and Latino Americans.<ref name=":1" /> In 2020, the composition of the city was 27.31% non-Hispanic white, 14.77% Black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 11.88% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.38% some other race, 2.72% multiracial, and 42.66% Hispanic or Latino of any race.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4829000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

As of 2000, 12% of the foreign-born population of Garland originated from Vietnam. Two strip-style shopping malls along Walnut Street cater to Vietnamese people, and a community center as of 2009 hosts first-generation Vietnamese immigrants.<ref name="Brettellp62">Brettell, Caroline B. '"Big D" Incorporating New Immigrants in a Sunbelt Suburban Metropolis' (Chapter 3). In: Singer, Audrey, Susan Wiley Hardwick, and Caroline Brettell. ''Twenty-First Century Gateways: Immigrant Incorporation in Suburban America'' (James A. Johnson metro series). [[Brookings Institution Press]], 2009. {{ISBN|0815779283}}, 9780815779285. Start p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=bduAC5GaLScC&pg=PA53 53]. CITED: p.[https://books.google.com/books?id=bduAC5GaLScC&pg=PA62 62].</ref> According to the 2010 U.S. census, Garland has the [[List of U.S. cities with large Vietnamese-American populations|16th-largest number of Vietnamese Americans in the United States]].

=== Religion ===
The majority of Garland's local population are affiliated with a religion,<ref>{{cite web|title=Religion in Garland, Texas|url=https://www.bestplaces.net/religion/city/texas/garland|access-date=October 28, 2020|website=[[Sperling's BestPlaces]]}}</ref> being part of the largest Christian-dominated metropolitan area in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|date=2015-07-29|title=Dallas Has the Most Christians|url=https://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2015/07/dallas-has-the-most-christians/|access-date=2020-10-29|website=D Magazine|language=en}}</ref> As of 2020, the [[Catholic Church]] is the largest single Christian denomination in the city and wider [[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington]] metropolitan statistical area. Garland's Catholic population is served by the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas]], one of the largest jurisdictions of the [[Catholic Church in the United States]].

Following, [[Baptists]] were the second-largest Christian denomination, and the largest Protestant group in the city limits. Baptists are traditionally divided among the [[Southern Baptist Convention]],<ref>{{cite web|title=SBC Churches Directory|url=https://churches.sbc.net/|access-date=2020-10-29|website=[[Southern Baptist Convention]]|language=en-US}}</ref> National Baptists ([[National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.|USA]] and [[National Baptist Convention of America International, Inc.|America]]) and [[Baptist General Convention of Texas|Texas Baptists]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Texas Baptists - Churches|url=https://texasbaptists.org/churches/|access-date=2020-10-29|website=[[Texas Baptists]]|language=en}}</ref> The third largest Christian denomination in the city of Garland are [[Methodism|Methodists]]. Other prominent Christian denominations were the [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints]], [[Pentecostalism]], [[Lutheranism]], [[Presbyterianism]], and [[Anglicanism|Episcopalianism]]. An estimated 12.2% of the total religious population professed another Christian faith. The largest non-Christian religion according to [[Sperling's BestPlaces]] was [[Islam]], followed by [[Judaism]] and the [[eastern religions]] including [[Buddhism]], [[Sikhism]], and [[Hinduism]].

In 1997, the Taiwanese [[UFO religion]] [[Chen Tao (UFO religion)|Chen Tao]] moved many of its members to Garland, where they believed the [[Second Coming|Second Coming of Jesus Christ]] would occur.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kliever |first=Lonnie D. |date=1999 |title=Meeting God in Garland: A Model of Religious Tolerance |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.45 |journal=Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=45–53 |doi=10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.45 |jstor=10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.45 |issn=1092-6690}}</ref>

==Economy==
In the late 1930s, the Craddock food company, which manufactured [[pickled cucumber|pickles]], moved to town. In 1937, the [[KRLD (AM)|KRLD]] (Dallas) radio tower was constructed in Garland. During World War II, several aircraft plants operated in the Garland area. After the war, [[Kraft Foods]] bought the Continental Motors Plant to retool for its manufacture. The Kraft plant still operates to this day. As a station on two railroads, Garland was a major [[onion]]-shipping point in the 1940s.<ref name="Garland, TX"/>

[[Resistol|Resistol Hats]] in Garland is a notable manufacturer of premium hats, many of which have been worn by or given to notable figures around the world. The company has long been an important part of Garland's manufacturing base.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Texas Primer: The Resistol Hat|url=http://www.texasmonthly.com/preview/1984-06-01/primer|magazine=Texas Monthly|access-date=December 25, 2011}}</ref> The company was founded by E.R. Byer and Harry Rolnick, who established Byer-Rolnick in Dallas in 1927. At the time, the company produced men's felt hats. The company used the name "Resistol Hats" to indicate that the hats could "resist-all" weather conditions. Some accounts contend the name was given because the headbands in the company's hats were more resistant to scalp oil.<ref name="Resistol Hat History">{{cite web|title=Resistol Hat History|url=http://www.resistolhat.com/history.php|publisher=Resistol Hats|access-date=December 25, 2011}}</ref> The growing firm needed to expand. In 1938, it moved to a larger facility in Garland, where Resistol hats continue to be manufactured today. For decades, residents surrounding the hat factory could set their clocks to its whistle.<ref name="Resistol Hat History"/>

In the early 1980s, Garland had one of the lowest poverty rates of cities in the country. In 1990, it had a population of 180,650 and 2,227 businesses, making it Dallas County's second-largest city and the 10th-largest in the state. Today, Garland had a variety of industries, including [[electronics]], steel fabrication, oilfield equipment, [[aluminum]] [[die casting]], hat manufacture, [[dairy products]], and food processors.<ref name="Garland, TX"/>

[[Wingstop]] was founded here

===Top employers===
[[File:Fifth Street Crossing, Garland, Texas.jpg|thumb|upright|The new 5th Street Crossing mixed-use transit-oriented development]]
According to the City of Garland's Economic Development Partnership website,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://garlandtexas.org/select-garland/major-employers.html|title=Major Employers & Clusters - Garland Texas Economic Development Partnership - Garland Economic Development Partnership|website=Garlandedp.com|access-date=December 4, 2017}}{{Dead link|date=January 2025}}</ref> the top employers in the city are:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!#
!Employer
!Employees
|-
|1
|[[Garland ISD|Garland Independent School District]]
|7,425
|-
|2
|City of Garland
|2,000
|-
|3
|[[Kraft Foods]]
|796
|-
|4
|[[US Foods|US Food Service]]
|520
|-
|5
|[[Epiroc]] Drilling Solutions
|460
|-
|6
|SilverLine Window
|425
|-
|7
|Hatco (Resistol)
|390
|-
|8
|L3-Communication
|350
|-
|9
|Arrow Fabricated Tubing
|340
|-
|10
|Valspar
|300
|}

Garland has seen many of their major employers replaced over the last few years leading to multiple redevelopment projects. A prior Raytheon campus was demolished and rebuilt into three new industrial buildings.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.dallasnews.com/business/real-estate/2017/10/03/builders-get-go-ahead-for-50-million-garland-redevelopment-project/ | date = October 3, 2017 | access-date = January 15, 2025 | publisher = Dallas Morning News | title = Builders get go ahead for $50 million Garland redevelopment project }}</ref> The large Sears distribution building was renovated and is currently being utilized by Costco wholesale. A hospital formerly owned by [[Baylor Scott & White Health]] has become a new VA Medical Center<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.garlandtx.gov/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=1826 | title = VA North Texas Health Care System Acquires Garland Hospital Facility | date = April 7, 2020 | access-date = January 15, 2025 }}</ref> and the City of Garland has announced an ambitious streetscapes masterplan for the surrounding medical district with the goal of attracting a new community hospital provider.

==Arts and culture==
Garland is home to numerous historic and recent entertainment venues.

=== Entertainment ===
[[File:Patty Granville Arts Center (Garland, Texas).jpg|thumb|right|220x220px|The Patty Granville Arts Center]]The Granville Arts Center is a complex owned and operated by the city. Included within the complex are two [[proscenium]] theatres which seat 720 and 200, respectively. Also included as part of the complex is the Plaza Theatre, which has seating for 350. The Plaza Theatre is a historic entertainment venue.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Garland+Arts/PA4+Plaza_landing.htm |title=Plaza Theatre - City of Garland |access-date=September 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908173318/http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Garland+Arts/PA4+Plaza_landing.htm |archive-date=September 8, 2009 }}</ref> The Plaza Theatre was refurbished and is utilized for business conferences, concerts, receptions, and stage productions. It is also host to paintings by artist Bruce Cody.<ref>{{cite web|title=Plaza Theatre {{!}} Garland, TX|url=https://www.garlandtx.gov/3196/Plaza-Theatre|access-date=2020-10-29|website=www.garlandtx.gov}}</ref> The Atrium at the Granville Arts Center is a {{convert|6500|sqft|m2|adj=on}} ballroom encased in glass on two sides and opening onto an outdoor courtyard. The Atrium provides civic, community and commercial organizations the opportunity to house banquets, receptions, trade shows, and conventions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Garland+Arts/ |title=Granville Arts Center Facilities - City of Garland |access-date=September 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090907065933/http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Garland+Arts |archive-date=September 7, 2009 }}</ref>

=== Landmarks ===
Garland is home to the Pace House,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Garland+Arts/PA5+Pace+House_landing.htm |title=Pace House - City of Garland |access-date=September 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090905063811/http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Garland+Arts/PA5+Pace+House_landing.htm |archive-date=September 5, 2009 }}</ref> which was the original home of John H. Pace and his wife; it was built in the [[Queen Anne style architecture|Queen Anne]]-style architecture. The Pace House was recognized as a historic landmark by the Dallas County Historic Resource Survey of 1982.<ref>{{cite web|date=2014-10-25|title=The Historic Pace House Finally Given New Home|url=http://thegarlandmessenger.com/historic-pace-house-finally-given-new-home/|access-date=2020-10-29|website=The Garland Rowlett Messenger|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2014-07-01|title=Pace House Relocation More Than Just an Old Garland Home Project|url=http://thegarlandmessenger.com/pace-house-relocation-more-than-just-an-old-garland-home-project/|access-date=2020-10-29|website=The Garland Rowlett Messenger|language=en-US}}</ref>

Other historic areas of the city include the Garland Landmark Museum, housed in the former 1901 Santa Fe depot. Inside are historical artifacts and documents representing the period from 1850 to the present.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.garlandhistorical.org/|title=Garland Landmark Society - Home|website=Garlandhistorical.org|access-date=August 27, 2017}}</ref> Historic Downtown Garland is another local landmark. Historic Downtown Garland was listed in the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historic Downtown Garland, Texas|url=https://www.garlandtx.gov/3520/Historic-Downtown-Garland|access-date=October 28, 2020|website=garlandtx.gov}}</ref>

Travis College Hill Historic District, a residential neighborhood in downtown Garland, was the first site in Garland history to be added to the National Register of Historic Places, administered by the [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of the Interior]] through its [[National Park Service]]. Two months later, the downtown square and surrounding buildings became the second site in Garland added to the listing. Travis College Hill consists of 12 homes whose period of significance is 1913 to 1960. Travis College Hill was platted in January 1913 by developer R.O. Travis.<ref>{{cite web|title=Travis College Hill|url=https://www.garlandtx.gov/342/Travis-College-Hill-District|access-date=October 28, 2020|website=garlandtx.gov}}</ref> [[File:Garland July 2015 08 (Central Library).jpg|thumb|right|The Nicholson Memorial Library System's Central Library in July 2015]]

On May 9, 1927, a tornado destroyed much of the city and killed 17 people, including a former mayor, S. E. Nicholson. Six years later, the Nicholson Memorial Library opened in his honor.<ref name="Garland, TX"/>

The Nicholson Memorial Library System is also the Major Resource Center, or headquarters, of the Northeast Texas Library System (NETLS). NETLS serves a 33-county area that includes 105 member libraries. The Nicholson Memorial Library System headquarters and offices have been housed in NMLS' Central Library since 1983.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Nicholson Memorial Library System|url=http://www.nmls.lib.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Nicholson+Memorial+Library+System/NMLS+90+Library+History_landing.htm|publisher=Nicholson Memorial Library System-|access-date=January 8, 2012|archive-date=January 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129010604/http://www.nmls.lib.tx.us/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Nicholson+Memorial+Library+System/NMLS+90+Library+History_landing.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Parks and recreation==

Garland includes over {{convert|2880|acre}} of park land, six recreation centers, and 63 parks.<ref>{{cite web|title=Parks|url=http://www.garlandparks.com/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Parks+and+Recreation/R02-Parks_Landing.htm|publisher=Garland Parks-|access-date=January 8, 2012|archive-date=July 12, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100712105935/http://garlandparks.com/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Parks+and+Recreation/R02-Parks_Landing.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Recreation Centers|url=http://www.garlandparks.com/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Parks+and+Recreation/R02-Recreation+Center+Landing.htm|publisher=Garland Parks-|access-date=January 8, 2012|archive-date=July 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720195955/http://www.garlandparks.com/Home/Departments/Recreation+and+Cultural+Services/Parks+and+Recreation/R02-Recreation+Center+Landing.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Government==
The city of Garland is a voluntary member of the [[North Central Texas Council of Governments]] association, the purpose of which is to coordinate individual and collective local governments and facilitate regional solutions, eliminate unnecessary duplication, and enable joint decisions.

The [[Parkland Health & Hospital System]] (Dallas County Hospital District) operates the Garland Health Center.<ref>"[http://www.parklandhospital.com/medical_services/centers_locations.html Clinic Sites and Services:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516194245/http://www.parklandhospital.com/medical_services/centers_locations.html |date=May 16, 2008 }}" Parkland Health & Hospital System. Retrieved on October 25, 2012.</ref>

The [[Texas Department of Public Safety]] operates the Region I office in Garland.<ref>"[https://www.txdps.state.tx.us/CriminalInvestigations/regionalContact.htm Regional Contact Information]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20140424110504/https://www.txdps.state.tx.us/CriminalInvestigations/regionalContact.htm Archive]). [[Texas Department of Public Safety]]. Retrieved on April 24, 2014.</ref>

The [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]] operates the Dallas II District Parole Offices in Garland.<ref>"[http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff2.htm Parole Division Region II] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820012820/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff2.htm |date=August 20, 2011 }}." [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]]. Retrieved on May 15, 2010.</ref>

The [[United States Postal Service]] operates the Garland,<ref>"[http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/garland-1000-w-walnut-st-garland-tx-1364466 Post Office Location - GARLAND] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611113821/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/garland-1000-w-walnut-st-garland-tx-1364466 |date=June 11, 2010 }}." [[United States Postal Service]]. Retrieved on May 16, 2010.</ref> Kingsley,<ref>"[http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/kingsley-3260-saturn-rd-garland-tx-1369102 Post Office Location - KINGSLEY] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420161837/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/kingsley-3260-saturn-rd-garland-tx-1369102 |date=April 20, 2010 }}." [[United States Postal Service]]. Retrieved on May 16, 2010.</ref> and North Garland post offices.<ref>"[http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/north-garland-2346-belt-line-rd-garland-tx-1375446 Post Office Location - NORTH GARLAND] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611113836/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/north-garland-2346-belt-line-rd-garland-tx-1375446 |date=June 11, 2010 }}." [[United States Postal Service]]. Retrieved on May 16, 2010.</ref>

=== Politics ===
{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:1em; font-size:95%;"
|+ Garland city vote<br/> by party in presidential elections
<ref name="Dallas County Election Results">{{cite web|url=https://www.dallascountyvotes.org/|title=Dallas County Election Results}}</ref>
|- style="background:lightgrey;"
! Year
! [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! [[Third party (United States)|Third parties]]
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2024 United States presidential election in Texas|2024]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''52.4%''' ''39,720''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|45.2% ''34,295''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|2.4% ''1,813''
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2020 United States presidential election in Texas|2020]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''56.69%''' ''46,148''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|41.79% ''34,023''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|1.52% ''1,235''
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2016 United States presidential election in Texas|2016]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''52.22%''' ''34,913''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|41.86% ''27,988''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|5.92% ''3,954''
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[2012 United States presidential election in Texas|2012]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|47.46% ''29,506''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''51.15%''' ''31,801''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|1.39% ''866''
|}

{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:1em; font-size:95%;"
|+ Garland city vote<br/> by party in Senate elections
<ref name="Dallas County Election Results"/>
|- style="background:lightgrey;"
! Year
! [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! [[Third party (United States)|Third parties]]
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2020 United States Senate election in Texas|2020]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''53.77%''' ''43,480''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|43.21% ''34,942''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|3.02% ''2,443''
|}
{{Clear}}

==Education==

===Primary and secondary schools===

[[File:GHS3.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|The more than 100-year-old Garland High School: This lineart graphic displays the historic front of the high school that faces South Garland Ave in the Downtown Garland District.]]

Most of Garland is in the [[Garland Independent School District]] (GISD). Parts of Garland extend into other districts, including the [[Dallas Independent School District|Dallas]], [[Mesquite Independent School District|Mesquite]], and [[Richardson Independent School District]]s.

The GISD does not have school zoning, so GISD residents may apply to any GISD school.

The GISD portion of Garland is served by several high schools. [[Garland High School]] is home to the district's [[international baccalaureate]] program. [[North Garland High School]] is the math, science and technology magnet. [[Lakeview Centennial High School]] is GISD's "College and Career" magnet school. [[South Garland High School]] is known within the community for its vocational cosmetology program. Other GISD high schools include [[Naaman Forest High School|Naaman Forest]], [[Rowlett High School|Rowlett]], and [[Sachse High School]]s.

The Mesquite ISD portion of Garland is served by Price Elementary School, Vanston Middle School, and [[North Mesquite High School]].

The Richardson ISD portion is served by Big Springs Elementary School, O. Henry Elementary School, Apollo Junior High School, and [[Lloyd V. Berkner High School|Berkner High School]], which are in the western and northern portions of Garland.

As of November 2006, the GISD had 52,391 students and 3,236 teachers, for an average ratio of 16.2 students per teacher.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.homes101.net/texas-schools/garland-isd-d15049/ |title=Garland Isd School District Information and School Reports |access-date=April 15, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928085504/http://www.homes101.net/texas-schools/garland-isd-d15049/ |archive-date=September 28, 2007 }}</ref> The 2006 GISD property tax rate was $1.5449 per hundred dollars of assessed property value.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dallascad.org/forms/2006rate.pdf|title=2006 AD VALOREM TAX RATES FOR DALLAS COUNTY|website=Dallascad.org|access-date=August 27, 2017}}</ref>

For a private Christian school option, hundreds of families have chosen for their children to attend [[Garland Christian Academy]], which was founded in 1972. The city also has a Pre-K–12 Islamic school, [[Brighter Horizons Academy]].

===Colleges and universities===

[[File:Garland July 2015 25 (Richland College Garland Campus).jpg|thumb|right|Richland College Garland Campus in July 2015]]
Dallas County residents are zoned to [[Dallas College]] (formerly Dallas County Community College or DCCCD).<ref>[https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.130.htm Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.176.  DALLAS COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.]</ref> [[Richland College]], a member of Dallas College, states, operates a Garland Campus which has been in operation since June 30, 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=About the Garland Campus|url=http://www.richlandcollege.edu/garlandcampus/about.php|publisher=Richland College|access-date=December 25, 2011}}</ref>

Garland is also the home of [[Amberton University]], a fully accredited private university with both undergraduate and graduate degree programs.  Amberton University was formerly known as Amber University and previously known as Abilene Christian University at Dallas.

==Infrastructure==

===Transportation===
The city of Garland has a lower than average percentage of households without a car. In 2015, 4.6 percent of Garland households lacked a car, and that figure was virtually unchanged in 2016 (4.4 percent). The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Garland averaged 2.04 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map|journal=Governing|date=December 9, 2014|url=http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html|access-date=May 4, 2018}}</ref> According to the American Community Survey for 2016 (five-year average), 78.8 percent of Garland residents commuted by driving alone, 13.1 carpooled, 2.5 used public transportation, and .9 percent walked. About 1.3 percent of Garland residents commuted to work by bicycle, taxi, motorcycle, or some other means, while 3.5 percent worked out of the home.<ref>{{cite web |publisher= Census Reporter |access-date= May 4, 2018 |title= Means of Transportation to Work by Age |url= https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B08101&geo_ids=16000US4819000,160%7C31000US19100&primary_geo_id=16000US4819000 }}</ref>

====Major highways====
* [[File:I-30 (TX).svg|20px]] '''[[Interstate 30 in Texas|Interstate 30]]''' is a major east–west interstate that runs through the south side of Garland. I-30 connects with [[Mesquite, Texas|Mesquite]] and [[Dallas]] to the west and [[Rockwall, Texas|Rockwall]] to the east.
* [[File:I-635 (TX).svg|25px]] '''[[Interstate 635 (Texas)|Interstate 635]] ([[Lyndon B. Johnson]] Freeway)''' is an [[List of auxiliary Interstate Highways|auxiliary interstate]] serving as a partial loop around Dallas and its suburbs. The interstate runs along the southwest section of Garland and serves as a border between Dallas and Garland. I-635 connects Garland with major freeways (such as [[North Central Expressway]] and [[Interstate 35E in Texas|Stemmons Freeway]]) and [[Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport]].
* [[File:Texas 66.svg|20px]] '''[[Texas State Highway 66]]''' is an east–west highway that terminates at a junction with Highway 78 in downtown Garland. East of downtown the highway connects with [[Rowlett, Texas|Rowlett]] and Rockwall.
* [[File:Texas 78.svg|20px]] '''[[Texas State Highway 78]] (Garland Road, Lavon Drive)''' is a north–south highway that bisects the city of Garland and goes through the downtown area. The highway is known as Garland Road south of downtown and Lavon Drive north of downtown. In downtown Garland it transverses as a pair of roads known as Avenue D and 1st Street on the northbound section and Avenue B on the southbound section. Highway 78 connects with [[Sachse, Texas|Sachse]] and [[Wylie, Texas|Wylie]] to the north and [[East Dallas]] to the south.
* [[File:Toll Texas PGBT new.svg|25px]] '''[[President George Bush Turnpike]]''' is a [[toll road]] that serves as a loop around [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]]. George Bush Turnpike runs through the northern parts of Garland. The turnpike connects with [[Richardson, Texas|Richardson]] and [[Plano, Texas|Plano]] to the west and Rowlett to the east.
* [[Belt Line Road (Texas)|Belt Line Loop (some parts are named as First Street and Broadway Blvd)]] serves as an outer loop around the Dallas suburbs.

====Trains====

A [[Kansas City Southern Railway|Kansas City Southern]] track runs parallel to [[Texas State Highway 78|State Highway 78]] (Garland Road and Lavon Drive), coming out of Dallas and heading all the way through the other side of Garland towards [[Wylie, Texas|Wylie]]. There is also a [[Dallas, Garland and Northeastern Railroad]] line serving industries around the city.

=====Light rail=====
* '''[[Dallas Area Rapid Transit|DART]]: [[Blue Line (DART)|Blue Line]]'''
** [[Forest/Jupiter station]]
** [[Downtown Garland station]]

====Air====
The city of Garland owns the [[Garland/DFW Heloplex]].<ref name="FAA">{{FAA-airport|ID=T57|use=PU|own=PU|site=23925.*H}}. Federal Aviation Administration. Effective March 3, 2015.</ref> The facility was the first municipal [[heliport]] in Texas when it opened in November 1989.<ref>{{cite news |last=Richter |first=Marice |date=December 10, 1989 |title=Garland awaits day heliport will take off |url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:DMNB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0ED3D0BA45E3FE66&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=1000BC63AFF86032 |newspaper=[[The Dallas Morning News]] |location=[[Dallas, Texas]] |access-date=March 18, 2015 }}</ref> Located at 2559 S. Jupiter Road, the heliport is operated by SKY Helicopters Inc.,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.skyhelicopters.com/SKY/Facilities.html |title= SKY Helicopters - Facilities |publisher= SKY Helicopters |access-date= March 18, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150412001707/http://www.skyhelicopters.com/SKY/Facilities.html |archive-date= April 12, 2015 |url-status= dead }}</ref> which was initially awarded a lease of the facility in January 1993.<ref>{{cite news |last=Boehm |first=Rachel |date=January 7, 1993 |title=Garland approves lease for heliport - Carrollton firm signs 5-year deal |url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:DMNB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0ED3D35DA2C642CB&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=1000BC63AFF86032 |newspaper=[[The Dallas Morning News]] |location=[[Dallas, Texas]] |access-date=March 18, 2015 }}</ref>

===Utilities===
The city of Garland operates the city's water system and waste services. Electricity for about 85% of Garland is provided by the city's municipal utility, Garland Power and Light (GP&L). Electricity for the other 15% was formerly provided by [[Energy Future Holdings|TXU]], but is now supplied by multiple companies after [[deregulation of the Texas electricity market]].

====Water and wastewater utilities====

Garland is an original member city of the North Texas Municipal Water District (NTMWD).  The vision of the city fathers in the early 1940s resulted in Garland and its companion member cities benefitting from reliable, high quality, affordable water from the water district's many reservoirs.

The effluent from Garland's wastewater treatment plant flows through a NTMWD man-made, {{convert|1840|acre|km2|adj=on}} wetland.  This provides a natural habitat for a wide variety of birds and reduces the sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents of the water to a drinkable level. Through the use of selected aquatic plants, this environmentally friendly project will provide millions of gallons of reusable water and reduce the environmental impact.

====Garland Power and Light====
[[File:GarlandPowerandLightLogo.png|thumb|Garland Power and Light logo]]

GP&L was founded in 1923 to provide Garland residents not-for-profit [[public utility]] services, locally controlled by its citizens. GP&L provides services to over 69,000 customers, making it the fourth-largest municipal utility in Texas and the 41st-largest in the nation.
It has two gas-fired generating plants, which combined have 640 megawatts of generation capacity.  Garland also partners with the Texas Municipal Power Agency, which operates the 462-megawatt coal-fired Gibbons Creek Power Plant. Garland's electric distribution system has {{convert|1007|mi|km|abbr=on}} of overhead lines and {{convert|1000|mi|km|abbr=on}} of underground lines. Its transmission system consists of 23 substations and {{convert|133|mi|km|abbr=on}} of transmission lines. Garland's peak load for 2007 was 483 megawatts, with annual operating revenues of nearly $238 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.garlandpower-light.org/aboutus.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731173428/http://www.garlandpower-light.org/aboutus.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 31, 2012|title=Welcome To Garland Power & Light|work=garlandpower-light.org|access-date=May 4, 2015}}</ref>

==Notable people==

* [[Hakeem Adeniji]], offensive lineman for the [[Cleveland Browns]] of the [[National Football League|NFL]]
* [[Troy Baker]], voice and screen actor known for video game performances, attended [[Naaman Forest High School]]
* [[Tyson Ballou]], model<ref>{{cite web |title=Tyson Ballou - Model |url=https://models.com/models/Tyson-Ballou |website=MODELS.com}}</ref>
* [[Crystal Bernard]], starred as K.C. Cunningham on the TV sitcom ''[[Happy Days]]'' and as Helen in the show ''[[Wings (1990 TV series)|Wings]]''
* [[Mookie Blaylock]], NBA basketball player
* [[Johnny Yong Bosch]], actor, musician, and martial artist, raised in Garland<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.halfkorean.com/?page_id=379|title = Interview with Johnny Yong Bosch|date = December 16, 2009}}</ref>
* [[C. L. Bryant]], [[Baptist minister]] and conservative talk-show host, resided in Garland
* [[Amber Dotson]], country music artist
* [[Brian Adam Douglas]], Brooklyn-based artist
* [[Samuel Eguavoen]], linebacker for the [[New York Jets]] of the [[National Football League|NFL]]
* [[Anu Emmanuel]], actress
* [[William Jackson Harper]], actor and playwright, grew up in Garland<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dmagazine.com/arts-entertainment/2018/05/after-he-almost-quit-acting-a-garland-native-found-himself-in-a-good-place|title = After He Almost Quit Acting, A Garland Native Found Himself in a 'Good Place'|date = May 28, 2018}}</ref>
* [[Caleb Landry Jones]], actor
* [[Chris Jones (basketball, born 1993)|Chris Jones]] (born 1993), basketball player for [[Valencia Basket]] and the [[Armenia men's national basketball team|Armenian national team.]]
* [[Tyrese Maxey]], basketball player for the [[Philadelphia 76ers]] of the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]]
* [[Athena (wrestler)|Adrienne Palmer]], professional wrestler '''Athena''', previously known as Ember Moon in [[WWE]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.guidelive.com/wwe/2018/09/12/born-raised-garland-ember-moon-went-lakeview-centennial-soccer-player-wwe-superstar|title = WWE superstar Ember Moon on her Garland roots and how a kick to the face led to love|date = September 12, 2018}}</ref>
* [[Mitchel Musso]], actor and musician 
* [[Adrian Phillips]], NFL football player
* [[Ricky Pierce]], NBA guard, NBA All-Star, 2× winner of NBA 6th Man Of The Year Award, raised in Garland<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/p/piercri01.html|title = Ricky Pierce Stats}}</ref>
* [[LeAnn Rimes]], musician, grew up in Garland
* [[Gene Summers]], musician<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockabillyhall.com/GeneSummers.html|title=RAB Hall of Fame: Gene Summers|website=rockabillyhall.com|access-date=May 4, 2015|archive-date=June 19, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619023148/http://www.rockabillyhall.com/GeneSummers.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Lee Trevino]], golfer, was born in Garland<ref>{{cite web|last=Trevino|first=Lee|title=Lee Trevino ~ Interview With A Champion|website=[[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9OZWNo3Cr4| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422073021/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9OZWNo3Cr4| archive-date=2021-04-22 | url-status=dead|quote=(@1:02)  I was born in Garland.  I was born in the house.}}</ref> (1939) 
* [[Allen West (politician)|LTC Allen West]], chair of [[R-TX|Texas GOP]]; former [[Florida]] Congressman<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.statesman.com/news/20200720/allen-west-ousts-james-dickey-as-texas-gop-chair |title=Allen West ousts James Dickey as Texas GOP chair - News - Austin American-Statesman - Austin, TX |access-date=July 24, 2020 |archive-date=July 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724151417/https://www.statesman.com/news/20200720/allen-west-ousts-james-dickey-as-texas-gop-chair |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Texas}}
* [[Curtis Culwell Center attack]]
*[[2015 Garland tornado]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Bibliography==
{{See also|Timeline of Garland, Texas#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography of the history of Garland, Texas}}

==External links==
{{sister project links|voy=Garland (Texas)}}
* [http://www.garlandtx.gov City of Garland]
* {{Handbook of Texas|name=Garland, Texas|id=hdg02}}

{{Garland, Texas}}
{{Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex}}
{{Collin County, Texas}}
{{Dallas County, Texas}}
{{USPopulousCities}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Garland, Texas| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Collin County, Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Dallas County, Texas]]
[[Category:Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1891]]
[[Category:1891 establishments in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Texas]]