Editing Garfield County, Oklahoma

{{short description|County in Oklahoma, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Garfield County
 | state                = Oklahoma
 | seal                 = 
 | founded year         = 1893
 | founded date         = 
 | seat wl              = Enid
 | largest city wl      = Enid
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 1060
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 1058
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 1.6
 | area percentage      = 0.2%
 | census yr            = 2020
 | pop                  = 62846 {{gain}}
 | pop_est_as_of        = 2024
 | population_est       =
 | density_sq_mi        = 59
 | time zone            = Central
 | footnotes            = 
 | district             = 3rd
 | web                  = www.garfieldok.com
 | named for            = [[James A. Garfield]]
 | ex image             = Garfield County Courthouse front.jpg
 | ex image cap         = [[Garfield County Courthouse (Oklahoma)|Garfield County Courthouse]] in [[Enid, Oklahoma|Enid]] (2011)
}}

'''Garfield County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Oklahoma]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 62,846.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Garfield County, Oklahoma|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Garfield_County,_Oklahoma?g=050XX00US40047|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=May 12, 2023}}</ref> [[Enid, Oklahoma|Enid]] is the [[county seat]] and largest city within Garfield County.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> The county is named after President [[James A. Garfield]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA134 | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=134}}</ref> Garfield County comprises the Enid, OK [[Metropolitan Statistical Area|metropolitan statistical area]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/bulletins/2015/15-01.pdf|title=Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas|publisher=[[Office of Management and Budget]]|date=July 15, 2015|access-date=June 4, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121004719/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/bulletins/2015/15-01.pdf|archive-date=January 21, 2017}}</ref>

Prior to the [[Land Run of 1893]], Garfield County was named O County and was part of the [[Cherokee Outlet]], occupied by the [[Cherokee]] people following the [[Treaty of New Echota]] and the [[Cherokee trail of tears]].<ref name=Cherokee>Turner, Alvin O. [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=CH021 Cherokee Outlet Opening], ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', Oklahoma Historical Society, 2009. Accessed April 4, 2015.</ref> Historically, the area was a hunting ground for the [[Wichita (tribe)|Wichita]], [[Osage Nation|Osage]], and [[Kiowa]] tribes.

The [[Chisholm Trail]], stage coach lines, mail routes, and railroads passed through stations at Buffalo Springs and Skeleton, today known as Bison and Enid.<ref name=Wild>Fulbright, Jim, [http://www.historynet.com/hell-on-rails-oklahoma-towns-at-war-with-the-rock-island-railroad.htm/1 Hell on Rails: Oklahoma Towns at War with the Rock Island Railroad] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002142639/http://www.historynet.com/hell-on-rails-oklahoma-towns-at-war-with-the-rock-island-railroad.htm/1 |date=October 2, 2012 }}, ''Wild West Magazine'', December 2007</ref><ref name=Chisholm>Dortch, Steven D. [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=CH045 The Chisholm Trail], ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', Oklahoma Historical Society, 2009, Accessed April 4, 2015.</ref> Railroad development in the county began four years prior to the land opening. Enid became a central hub within the county.<ref name=Garfield>Wilson, Linda D. [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=GA012 Garfield County], ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', Oklahoma Historical Society, 2009. Accessed April 4, 2015.</ref> Historical railroads included [[Enid and Tonkawa Railway]], [[Enid and Anadarko Railway]], [[Blackwell, Enid and Southwestern Railway]], [[Enid Central Railway]] and the [[Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad]].

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|1060|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|1058|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|1.6|sqmi}} (0.2%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_40.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=February 21, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref> Several creeks run through the county, including Black Bear, Boggy, Red Rock, Rock, Skeleton, and Turkey.<ref name=Garfield />

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Grant County, Oklahoma|Grant County]] (north)
* [[Noble County, Oklahoma|Noble County]] (east)
* [[Logan County, Oklahoma|Logan County]] (southeast)
* [[Kingfisher County, Oklahoma|Kingfisher County]] (south)
* [[Major County, Oklahoma|Major County]] (west)
* [[Alfalfa County, Oklahoma|Alfalfa County]] (northwest)

===Major highways===
* [[Image:US 60.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 60 in Oklahoma|U.S. Highway 60]]
* [[Image:US 64.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 64 in Oklahoma|U.S. Highway 64]]
* [[Image:US 81.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 81 in Oklahoma|U.S. Highway 81]]
* [[Image:US 412.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 412 in Oklahoma|U.S. Highway 412]]
* [[Image:Oklahoma State Highway 15.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 15 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 15]]
* [[Image:Oklahoma State Highway 45.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 45 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 45]]
* [[Image:Oklahoma State Highway 74.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 74 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 74]]

==Demographics==

[[File:USA Garfield County, Oklahoma age pyramid.svg|thumb|left|Age pyramid for Garfield County, Oklahoma.]]

{{US Census population
|1890= 22076
|1900= 10037
|1910= 33050
|1920= 37500
|1930= 45588
|1940= 45484
|1950= 52820
|1960= 52975
|1970= 55365
|1980= 62820
|1990= 56735
|2000= 57813
|2010= 60580
|2020= 62846
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=February 21, 2015}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=February 21, 2015}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ok190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|date=March 27, 1995|access-date=February 21, 2015}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=April 2, 2001|access-date=February 21, 2015}}</ref> 2010<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40/40047.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 9, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606154556/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40/40047.html|archive-date=June 6, 2011}}</ref>
}}

As of the [[census]] of 2000,<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> there were 57,813 people, 23,175 households, and 15,805 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|55|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. There were 26,047 housing units at an average density of {{convert|25|/mi2|/km2|adj=pre|units&nbsp;}}. The racial makeup of the county was 88.65% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 3.26% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 2.11% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.85% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.49% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 2.02% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.62% from two or more races; 4.13% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. By the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], its population grew to 62,846.<ref name=":0" />

In 2000, there were 23,175 households, out of which 31.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.20% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.80% were non-families. 27.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.95. In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.00% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 27.30% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 16.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 93.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.40 males.

As of 2000, the median income for a household in the county was $33,006, and the median income for a family was $39,872. Males had a median income of $29,921 versus $20,791 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $17,457. About 10.50% of families and 13.90% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 19.70% of those under age 18 and 10.40% of those age 65 or over. By 2021 census estimates, its median household income increased to $60,732, and the county had a poverty rate of 12.9%.<ref name=":0" />

==Politics==
Garfield County is one of the most Republican counties in Oklahoma. It has only supported a Democrat for president twice since statehood, during [[Franklin Roosevelt]]'s landslide victories in 1932 and 1936. A Democrat has only managed as much as 40 percent of the county's vote twice since FDR's death, in 1948 and 1964.
{{PresHead|place=Garfield County, Oklahoma|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=March 29, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|16,593|4,849|402|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|16,970|4,919|541|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|16,009|4,397|1,304|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|15,177|4,733|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|17,067|5,545|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|17,685|5,586|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|14,902|6,543|238|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|11,712|7,504|2,625|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|13,095|6,720|5,670|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|15,248|8,067|223|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|19,642|5,730|162|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|17,989|5,718|1,121|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|14,202|8,969|303|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|19,348|4,557|564|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|14,370|5,802|3,011|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1964|Republican|12,297|10,175|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|14,860|6,582|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|15,348|6,769|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|17,589|7,047|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|10,352|8,217|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|11,211|7,879|65|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|10,792|9,544|166|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|7,457|11,142|124|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|6,837|10,773|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|12,748|3,503|141|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|7,524|3,791|2,054|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|6,611|3,671|576|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1916|Republican|2,854|2,347|694|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1912|Republican|2,900|2,353|466|Oklahoma}}
{{PresFoot|1908|Republican|2,924|2,618|264|Oklahoma}}

{| class=wikitable
! colspan = 6 | Voter registration and party enrollment as of June 30, 2023<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ok.gov/elections/documents/20190115%20-%20Registration%20By%20County%20(vr2420).pdf|title=Oklahoma Registration Statistics by County|date=January 15, 2019|website=OK.gov|access-date=February 27, 2019}}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 2 | Party
! Number of Voters
! Percentage
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (United States)}}
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| align = center | 5,931
| align = center | 18.31%
|-
| {{party color cell|Republican Party (United States)}}
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| align = center | 20,301
| align = center | 62.66%
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent Party (United States)}}
| Others
| align = center | 6,165
| align = center | 19.03%
|-
! colspan = 2 | Total
! align = center | 32,397
! align = center | 100%
|}

==Economy==
[[Image:Garfield County Oklahoma Wheat.jpg|thumb|Wheat is a major part of the Garfield County economy. Its county seat, [[Enid, Oklahoma|Enid]], is named the Wheat Capital of Oklahoma.]]
Primary industries in Garfield County are agriculture and livestock. Historically, crops have included wheat, corn, oats, sorghum, Kaffir corn, and alfalfa.<ref name=Garfield /> In addition, oil and gas and flour milling have proved fruitful for the county. The county seat of Enid, Oklahoma has the most grain storage capacity in the United States and one of the largest [[grain elevator]]s in the world. [[Vance Air Force Base]] is also a major employer in the area of both airmen and civilians.

==Communities==

[[File:Garfield county.jpg|thumb|Early map of Garfield County.]]

===Cities===
* [[Enid, Oklahoma|Enid]] (county seat)
* [[Garber, Oklahoma|Garber]]

===Towns===
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Breckinridge, Oklahoma|Breckinridge]]
* [[Carrier, Oklahoma|Carrier]]
* [[Covington, Oklahoma|Covington]]
* [[Douglas, Oklahoma|Douglas]]
* [[Drummond, Oklahoma|Drummond]]
* [[Fairmont, Oklahoma|Fairmont]]
* [[Hillsdale, Oklahoma|Hillsdale]]
* [[Hunter, Oklahoma|Hunter]]
* [[Kremlin, Oklahoma|Kremlin]]
* [[Lahoma, Oklahoma|Lahoma]]
* [[North Enid, Oklahoma|North Enid]]
* [[Waukomis, Oklahoma|Waukomis]]
{{div col end}}

===Census-designated place===
* [[Bison, Oklahoma|Bison]]

===Other unincorporated places===
* [[Blanton, Oklahoma|Blanton]]
* [[Etna, Oklahoma|Etna]]
* [[Hayward, Oklahoma|Hayward]]

==NRHP sites==
[[Image:The Garfield County Courthouse in Enid.jpg|thumb|The Garfield County Courthouse, one of many Garfield County sites on the National Register of Historic Places, is located in downtown Enid, Oklahoma.]]
[[image:Enid Courthouse 1908.png|thumb|The county courthouse in 1908.]]

{{Main|National Register of Historic Places listings in Garfield County, Oklahoma}}
The following sites in Garfield County are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]:

;Covington
* [[Kimmell Barn]]
* [[R. E. Hoy No. 1 Oil Well]]

;Enid
{|
|----- valign="top"
|
* [[Broadway Tower (Enid, Oklahoma)|Broadway Tower]]
* [[H. H. Champlin House]]
* [[T. T. Eason Mansion]]
* [[Enid Armory]]
* [[Enid Cemetery and Calvary Catholic Cemetery]]
* [[Enid Terminal Grain Elevators Historic District]]
* [[Enid Downtown Historic District]]
* [[Enid Masonic Temple]]
|
* [[Garfield County Courthouse (Enid, Oklahoma)|Garfield County Courthouse]]
* [[Jackson School (Enid, Oklahoma)|Jackson School]]
* [[H. L. Kaufman House]]
* [[Kenwood Historic District (Enid, Oklahoma)|Kenwood Historic District]]
* [[Lamerton House]]
* [[McCristy-Knox Mansion]]
* [[Rock Island Depot (Enid, Oklahoma)|Rock Island Depot]]
* [[Waverley Historic District (Enid, Oklahoma)|Waverley Historic District]]
|}

;Hunter
* [[Bank of Hunter]]

{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
{{See also|Chisholm Trail#Further reading|l1=List of books about Chisholm Trail}}
* Rockwell, Stella, ed., ''Garfield County, Oklahoma, 1907-1982,'' Vol. I & II, Garfield Historical Society, Josten's Publishing Company, Topeka, Kansas. 1982.

==External links==
* [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=GA012 Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Garfield County]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121024013411/http://www.library.okstate.edu/okmaps/ Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory]

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Garfield County, Oklahoma
|North     = [[Grant County, Oklahoma|Grant County]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Noble County, Oklahoma|Noble County]]
|Southeast = [[Logan County, Oklahoma|Logan County]]
|South     = [[Kingfisher County, Oklahoma|Kingfisher County]]
|Southwest =
|West      = [[Major County, Oklahoma|Major County]]
|Northwest = [[Alfalfa County, Oklahoma|Alfalfa County]]
}}
{{Garfield County, Oklahoma}}
{{Oklahoma}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|36.38|-97.78|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-OK_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Garfield County, Oklahoma| ]]
[[Category:1893 establishments in Oklahoma Territory]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1893]]