Editing Garden Grove, Iowa

{{Use American English|date=March 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
<!-- Images -->
| image_skyline      = GardenGroveTownCenter.JPG
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = <!-- Maps -->
| image_map          = Decatur_County_Iowa_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Garden_Grove_Highlighted.svg
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location of Garden Grove, Iowa
<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{USA}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Iowa}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Iowa|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Decatur County, Iowa|Decatur]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_19.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 16, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 1.75
| area_land_km2      = 1.75
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi   = 0.68
| area_land_sq_mi    = 0.68
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_est     = 
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 174
| population_density_km2 = 99.38
| population_density_sq_mi = 257.40
| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft       = 1116
| coordinates        = {{coord|40|49|36|N|93|36|25|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 50103
| area_code          = [[Area code 641|641]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 19-29775
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2394852<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2394852}}</ref>
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
| pop_est_footnotes  = 
| name               = Garden Grove
}}

'''Garden Grove''' is a small town in [[Decatur County, Iowa|Decatur County]], [[Iowa]], United States. The population was 174 at the time of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name=cen2020>{{cite web |title=2020 Census State Redistricting Data |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Iowa/ |website=census.gov |publisher=United states Census Bureau |access-date=12 August 2021}}</ref>

==History==
On April 24, 1846,<ref>Leland H. Gentry, "The Mormon Way Stations: Garden Grove and Mt. Pisgah," ''BYU Studies'', 24:4 (Fall 1981), 448.</ref> emigrants affiliated with [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] under the direction of [[Brigham Young]] established a way station halfway into their trek across Iowa. This semi-permanent settlement was named Garden Grove because the entire grove was covered with wild onions as far as the eye could see.<ref>Nelson Wheeler Whipple, "Diaries, 1863-1887," p. 20, MSS SC 38, Harold B. Lee Library Special Collections, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.</ref> Within three weeks of their arrival, the pioneers enclosed and planted {{convert|715|acre|km2}}.<ref>Stanley Buchholz Kimball, ''Heber C. Kimball: Mormon Patriarch and Pioneer'' (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981), 135.</ref> They founded the village to assist those who did not have sufficient means to continue their journey, as well as to support and supply future companies of pioneers.<ref>Gentry, "The Mormon Way Stations," 449.</ref>

When Brigham Young and the main company left Garden Grove on May 12, 1846,<ref>William G. Hartley, "Mormons and Early Iowa History (1838 to 1858): Eight Distinct Connections," ''The Annals of Iowa'' 59:3 (Summer 2000), 236.</ref> the poorest and least prepared were left behind. After the Saints arrived in [[Winter Quarters (North Omaha, Nebraska)|Winter Quarters]], [[James Allen (Army engineer)|Captain James Allen]] brought orders from [[James K. Polk|President James Polk]] to enlist a battalion of Mormons for the War with Mexico.<ref>Richard E. Bennett, ''Mormons at the Missouri: Winter Quarters, 1846-1852'' (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987), 51.</ref> Brigham Young and other leaders rode back as far as [[Mount Pisgah (Iowa)|Mt. Pisgah]] to encourage the men to enlist, and a letter was sent to the Saints in Garden Grove.<ref>B. H. Roberts, ''The Mormon Battalion: Its History and Achievements'' (Provo, Utah: Maasai, 2001), 17.</ref> Only one man from the Garden Grove settlement, Edward Bunker, enlisted and served in the [[Mormon Battalion]].<ref>Edward Bunker, ''Autobiography of Edward Bunker'' (Provo: Brigham Young University, 1938), 7.</ref>

In the fall of 1846, when the last of the Mormons were driven out of [[Nauvoo, Illinois]], the exiles camped on the west shore of the Mississippi River. Two rescue parties were sent from Winter Quarters and Council Bluffs,<ref>Bennett, ''Mormons at the Missouri'', 84.</ref> and an additional group was requested from Garden Grove. Luman Shurtliff led the third rescue party and brought the poorest of the exiles to the settlement at Garden Grove.<ref>Luman Andros Shurtliff, "Journal of Luman Andros Shurtliff," pp. 64-66, 289.3701S562j, Stewart Library, Weber State University, Ogden, Utah.</ref>

Through the winter of 1846/47, about 600 Latter-day Saints resided in Garden Grove.<ref>Bennett, ''Mormons at the Missouri'', 90.</ref> By 1852, the Mormon settlers had moved on to [[Utah]], selling the property and improvements to other American frontiersmen. Garden Grove is a site on the [[Mormon Trail|Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail]]. A marker just west of the city, overlooking a wooded ravine, marks the site of the former Mormon Cemetery.

Garden Grove was a shipping point on the [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028913774 | title=An Illustrated History of the State of Iowa | publisher=Richard S. Peale | author=Tuttle, Charles Richard | year=1876 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/cu31924028913774/page/n492 483]}}</ref>

A strong EF2 tornado struck the town on [[Tornado outbreak of March 5–7, 2022|March 5, 2022]], causing major damage to several structures.<ref>{{cite report|title=Iowa Event Report: EF2 Tornado|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=1007104|publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information|year=2022|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}{{cite report|title=Iowa Event Report: EF2 Tornado|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=1007107|publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information|year=2022|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}{{cite report|title=Iowa Event Report: EFU Tornado|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=1007108|publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information|year=2022|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.69|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-05-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|title= Historical populations
|type= USA
|align= left
|1880|549
|1890|554
|1900|651
|1910|611
|1920|666
|1930|558
|1940|558
|1950|417
|1960|335
|1970|285
|1980|297
|1990|229
|2000|250
|2010|211
|2020|174
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>{{cbignore}}<ref name=cen2020/>}}|footnote=Source:{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|title=U.S. Census website|access-date=2020-03-28}} and [http://data.iowadatacenter.org/datatables/PlacesAll/plpopulation18502000.pdf Iowa Data Center]
}}
[[File:Garden GroveIowaPopPlot.png|thumb|left|alt=The population of Garden Grove, Iowa from US census data|The population of Garden Grove, Iowa from US census data]]

===2020 census===
As of the [[United States census|census]] of 2020,<ref>{{cite web |title=2020 Census |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade/2020/2020-census-main.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> there were 174 people, 80 households, and 46 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 257.4 inhabitants per square mile (99.4/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 91 housing units at an average density of 134.6 per square mile (52.0/km<sup>2</sup>). The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|racial]] makeup of the city was 97.7% [[White Americans|White]], 0.6% [[African Americans|Black or African American]], 0.0% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]], 0.0% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 0.0% [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]], 0.6% from other races and 1.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] persons of any race comprised 0.6% of the population.

Of the 80 households, 31.2% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.8% were cohabitating couples, 17.5% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present and 32.5% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 42.5% of all households were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years old or older.

The median age in the city was 40.5 years. 25.3% of the residents were under the age of 20; 5.2% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 23.0% were from 25 and 44; 27.6% were from 45 and 64; and 19.0% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.9% male and 47.1% female.

===2010 census===
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]] there were 211 people in 78 households, including 49 families, in the city. The population density was {{convert|305.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 103 housing units at an average density of {{convert|149.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makup]] of the city was 97.6% White, 0.9% African American, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9%.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-05-11}}</ref>

Of the 78 households 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.9% were married couples living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 9.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.2% were non-families. 26.9% of households were one person and 6.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 2.96.

The median age was 38.1 years. 27% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.4% were from 25 to 44; 29.9% were from 45 to 64; and 8.1% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.7% male and 48.3% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 250 people in 96 households, including 64 families, in the city. The population density was {{convert|359.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 113 housing units at an average density of {{convert|162.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makup]] of the city was 99.60% White and 0.40% Native American.

Of the 96 households 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.3% were non-families. 28.1% of households were one person and 11.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.26.

The age distribution was 29.2% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 115.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.4 males.

The median household income was $19,844 and the median family income  was $29,464. Males had a median income of $21,875 versus $18,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $10,301. About 28.3% of families and 35.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 43.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 28.2% of those sixty five or over.

==Education==
[[Mormon Trail Community School District]] operates schools serving the community.<ref>"[https://educateiowa.gov/sites/files/ed/documents/SDRP2017_MORMON%20TRAIL.pdf Mormon Trail] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427124055/https://www.educateiowa.gov/sites/files/ed/documents/SDRP2017_MORMON%20TRAIL.pdf |date=2018-04-27 }}." [[Iowa Department of Education]]. Retrieved on June 19, 2018.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Portal|Iowa}}
{{Commons category-inline}} <!-- for current and future use if material is uploaded -->
* [http://www.city-data.com/city/Garden-Grove-Iowa.html City Data] Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Garden Grove

{{Decatur County, Iowa}}
{{Mormon Trail landmarks}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Iowa]]
[[Category:Cities in Decatur County, Iowa]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saint movement in Iowa]]
[[Category:Mormon Trail]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1846]]
[[Category:1846 establishments in Iowa Territory]]