Editing Galena, Kansas

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Short description|City in Cherokee County, Kansas}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Galena, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Downtown Galena.jpg
|image_caption            = Downtown Galena (2008)
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Cherokee_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Galena_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Cherokee County, Kansas|Cherokee County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Cherokee Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Cherokee County, Kansas|Cherokee County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|37|04|30|N|94|38|07|W|region:US-KS_type:city_source:GNIS|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Cherokee County, Kansas|Cherokee]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1877
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1877
|named_for                = [[Galena]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = <!-- [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]] -->
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 4.66
|area_land_sq_mi          = 4.60
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.05
|area_total_km2           = 12.06
|area_land_km2            = 11.92
|area_water_km2           = 0.14
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft             = 925

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 2761
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 66739
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 620|620]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-25100
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 485578<ref name="GNIS">{{GNIS|485578}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://galenaks.gov/|galenaks.gov}}
}}

'''Galena''' is a city in [[Cherokee County, Kansas|Cherokee County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 2,761.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Galena, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile/Galena_city,_Kansas?g=1600000US2025100 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=November 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109070151/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile/Galena_city,_Kansas?g=1600000US2025100 |archive-date=November 9, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Galena Museum.jpg|thumb|left|Galena Museum (2008), former Galena train station for the M-K-T railroad.]]
Although the railroad was built through the territory of Galena in 1871, the community did not start until the discovery of [[lead]] there in the spring of 1877.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o8X5krq3fP8C&pg=PA705 | title=Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. | publisher=Standard Publishing Company | author=Blackmar, Frank Wilson | year=1912 | pages=705| isbn=9780722249055 }}</ref> The first post office was established in 1877.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/page:2/county:CK/sort:date_established/direction:asc | title=Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961, page 2 | publisher=Kansas Historical Society | access-date=June 6, 2014}}</ref>

The city was originally platted by the ''Galena Mining and Smelting Company'' and was to be known as '''Cornwall'''. The city was actually known as '''Short Creek''' when first established because of a nearby creek and was known as '''Bonanza''' briefly before taking the present name of '''Galena''' in 1877, which is named after the lead ore [[galena]] found in the area.<ref>Kansas Place-Names, John Rydjord, University of Oklahoma Press, 1972, p. 77 {{ISBN|0-8061-0994-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA133 | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=133}}</ref> The city was part of the [[Tri-State district|tri state mining area]] and had over 30,000 inhabitants. The population decreased after the mines closed in the 1970s.

The Jayhawk Ordnance Works northwest of Galena, built during [[World War II]], was a large [[Ammunition#Ordnance ammunition|ordnance]] plant producing [[ammonium nitrate]]. After the war it was privatized by its operator [[Kenneth Aldred Spencer]] and at one point was the world's largest producer of ammonium nitrate [[fertilizer]] in the world. It would form the basis for the Spencer Chemical Company's fortune which would eventually be funneled into numerous philanthropies throughout Missouri and Kansas. The Spencer family had been in the area because of their ownership of the [[Pittsburg & Midway Coal Company]]<!-- The source says "Midland" --> mining operation.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110219194704/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,793111,00.html "Surplus Property: Jayhawk Goes Civilian"]. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''. June 17, 1946.</ref> The plant is still in operation as the Jayhawk Fine Chemicals Corporation now owned by [https://cabb-chemicals.com/ CABB].

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|4.62|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|4.57|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.05|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=July 6, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012 }}</ref> Galena is the eastern end of the segment of [[U.S. Route 66]] that passes through Kansas.

===Superfund site===
In 1983 as a result of historic practices involved in the mining and smelting of toxic metals, including the deposition of lead, zinc, antimony and cadmium, the Cherokee County [[Superfund]] site was listed on the EPA's National Priorities List (NPL). These sites include the most serious abandoned hazardous waste sites in the United States and represent the priority list for remedial action under the Superfund program. The site consists of approximately 115 square miles, divided into seven subsites including Galena. The Cherokee County site encompasses the Kansas portion of the Tri-State district, the latter including Northeastern Oklahoma and Southwestern Missouri. Acidic waters in mine shafts throughout the site, chat piles, tailings impoundments, and surface waters both in mine pits and streams draining the site contain substantial concentrations of these toxic wastes.<ref>[http://kensas.kdhe.state.ks.us:1776/berisl/getDocument.kdhe_ber;jsessionid=A2294353AECBF1582823D3555AAE0E83?documentId=2000000BVN_0VQK4DB8YRWE Environmental Use Control Work Plan June 1, 2009 to June 1, 2014], ''[[Kansas Department of Health and Environment]]''. Retrieved August 12, 2020.</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1880= 1463
|1890= 2496
|1900= 10155
|1910= 6096
|1920= 4712
|1930= 4736
|1940= 4375
|1950= 4029
|1960= 3827
|1970= 3712
|1980= 3587
|1990= 3308
|2000= 3287
|2010= 3085
|2020= 2761
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
[[File:Galena Water Tower.jpg|thumb|Galena water tower (2008)]]
The population of Galena has dropped by 73% since 1900.
===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 2,761 people, 1,096 households, and 699 families in Galena.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 599.8 per square mile (231.6/km{{sup|2}}). There were 1,315 housing units at an average density of 285.7 per square mile (110.3/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 85.11% (2,350) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (83.56% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 0.76% (21) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 3.37% (93) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.29% (8) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.18% (5) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 0.94% (26) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 9.34% (258) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 3.26% (90) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 1,096 households, 29.2% had children under the age of 18; 41.0% were married couples living together; 31.1% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 30.5% of households consisted of individuals and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 3.3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 11.4% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

24.6% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.6 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 110.6 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $30,649 (with a margin of error of +/- $4,806) and the median family income was $50,462 (+/- $10,225).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $30,745 (+/- $11,631) versus $25,025 (+/- $2,900) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $26,133 (+/- $4,284).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 21.4% of families and 21.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 26.3% of those under the age of 18 and 15.8% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Galena%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 6, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 3,085 people, 1,198 households, and 792 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|675.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,429 housing units at an average density of {{convert|312.7|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 91.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 3.0% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.3% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 4.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.6% of the population.

There were 1,198 households, of which 34.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the city was 39.1 years. 25.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 27.2% were from 45 to 64; and 15.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.{{clear left}}

==Education==
The community is served by [[Galena USD 499]] public school district. Galena is home to Galena High School. In 1916 the [[Kansas Supreme Court]] heard a case where the school superintendent separated the African American ("colored") children and had them taught together from various grades by an African American teacher. The court rejected the district's decision making and requires students of different backgrounds be taught together.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntMaAAAAYAAJ&q=galena+high+school+kansas |title = Kansas Reports|last1 = Supreme Court|first1 = Kansas|last2 = Banks|first2 = Elliot V.|last3 = Webb|first3 = William Craw|last4 = Randolph|first4 = Asa Maxson Fitz|last5 = Clemens|first5 = Gaspar Christopher|last6 = Dewey|first6 = Thomas Emmet|last7 = Graham|first7 = Llewellyn James|last8 = Moore|first8 = Oscar Leopold|last9 = Hatcher|first9 = Earl Hilton|last10 = McCue|first10 = Howard Franklin|year = 1916}}</ref>

==In the media==
* Galena is home to the [[International Harvester]] L-170 truck that became the inspiration<ref>{{cite news | first=Michael | last=Wallis |author2=Suzanne Fitzgerald Wallis | title=The Art of Cars | publisher=Chronicle Books | pages =4 }}</ref> for the character "[[Mater (Cars)|Mater]]" in Disney's ''[[Cars (film)|Cars]]''. The truck sits at 119 N. Main St. outside of the Cars on the Route [[diner]] and [[souvenir shop|souvenir store]],<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.npr.org/2011/06/25/137343916/cars-fans-get-their-rusty-kicks-on-route-66 |title= 'Cars' Fans Get Their Rusty Kicks On Route&nbsp;66 |publisher=[[National Public Radio]] |first= Missy |last=  Shelton |date= June 25, 2011 |access-date= May 5, 2012}}</ref> a restored [[Kan-O-Tex Service Station]].
* There are several museums in Galena such as the Galena Mining and Historical Museum located at 319 West 7th Street ([[U.S. Route 66|Route 66]]) in Galena. According to the museum's [[Facebook]] page,<ref>{{Facebook|GalenaMuseum}}</ref> the building is an Old Katy Railroad Depot which was moved to its current location on 7th Street in 1983. The museum opened in 1984 with a 42&nbsp;× 42&nbsp;ft annex added in 1988, and then another 42&nbsp;× 42&nbsp;ft annex added in 2010. The museum is home to mining, school, Route 66 and historic memorabilia of city of Galena. It features a 1919 Model T Touring Car; a 1924 Model T Roadster; a 1931 Model A {{frac|2|1|2}}-ton Truck as part of its many exhibits.

==Notable people==
* [[James C. Corman|James Corman]] (1920–2000), California politician
* [[George Grantham (baseball)|George Grantham]] (1900–1954), [[MLB]] player
*[[Richard Hilderbrand]], member of the [[Kansas Senate]]
* [[Jake LaTurner]] (born 1988), U.S. Representative for [[Kansas's 2nd congressional district]]
 
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==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{See also|Cherokee County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Cherokee County, Kansas}}
* ''Pioneer Days of Galena, KS''; Galena Bicentennial Committee; 1984.

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage|Galena (Kansas)}}
{{Commons category|Galena, Kansas}}
* [https://galenaks.gov/ City of Galena]
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260706 Galena - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.usd499.org/ USD 499], local school district
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070317041736/http://www.legendsofamerica.com/OZ-Galena.html History of Mining in Galena]
* [http://specialcollections.wichita.edu/kw/towns.asp?town=Galena&county=Cherokee Historic Images of Galena], Special Photo Collections at [[Wichita State University]] Library
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/galena.PDF Galena city map], KDOT

{{Cherokee County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Cherokee County, Kansas]]